TrueType Font Research Articles

Machina Aesthetica: Impressions on Art in and out of the Machine Age

Abstract Paul Chan reflects on his experiences as an artist working in and out of domains of technology, from truetype fonts and pirated software to datasets and machine-learning frameworks. He recounts periods of his artistic life when he abandoned technologies as instruments of production. And he offers an idiosyncratic account of a lineage of artists and writers he admires who used and abused technology in aspects of their work—including Agnès Varda, Chris Marker, the Left Bank Group in 1960s, Yvonne Rainer, Theodor Adorno and the Radio Research Project; the bio-cybernetic work of free-jazz musician, programmer, and artist Milford Graves; the pioneering sound work of Maryanne Amacher; and the writer Claudia La Rocco—and how their dynamic and at times contentious relationship with technology proved vital to their understanding of what art under the influence of historical and social progress looks like.

CNN-optimized text recognition with binary embeddings for Arabic expiry date recognition

Recognizing Arabic dot-matrix digits is a challenging problem due to the unique characteristics of dot-matrix fonts, such as irregular dot spacing and varying dot sizes. This paper presents an approach for recognizing Arabic digits printed in dot matrix format. The proposed model is based on convolutional neural networks (CNN) that take the dot matrix as input and generate embeddings that are rounded to generate binary representations of the digits. The binary embeddings are then used to perform Optical Character Recognition (OCR) on the date images. To overcome the challenge of the limited availability of dotted Arabic expiration date images, we developed a True Type Font (TTF) for generating synthetic images of Arabic dot-matrix characters. The model was trained on a synthetic dataset of 3287 images and 658 synthetic images for testing, representing realistic expiration dates from 2019 to 2027 in the format of yyyy/mm/dd and yy/mm/dd. Our model achieved an accuracy of 98.94% on the expiry date recognition with Arabic dot matrix format using fewer parameters and less computational resources than traditional CNN-based models. By investigating and presenting our findings comprehensively, we aim to contribute substantially to the field of OCR and pave the way for advancements in Arabic dot-matrix character recognition. Our proposed approach is not limited to Arabic dot matrix digit recognition but can be also extended to text recognition tasks, such as text classification and sentiment analysis.

Visible watermarking for 3D models based on 3D Boolean operation

With the continuous expansion of the application field of 3D models and the convenience of model storage, transmission, and replication, the problems of illegal reproduction, illegal modification, and embezzlement faced by 3D models are gradually becoming severe, which has brought substantial economic losses to the producers of 3D models. Therefore, this study aims to develop a visible watermarking method for 3D model using 3D Boolean operation. First, based on TrueType font library, the 3D model of the watermark is generated through the extraction, positioning and combination of character outline. Next, the spatial registration between the watermark model and the 3D model was carried out according to the embedding position of the watermark. Finally, based on multiple 3D Boolean operations, the copyright information of the 3D watermark model is embedded into the 3D model in various modes, such as embossing, debossing, and surface mesh embedding. The experiments demonstrate that the method of this paper supports embedding watermark information in B-rep, CSG, and voxel models. This method can readily support business applications for visible watermarking of 3D models and has laid a good foundation for researching multipurpose 3D model watermarking algorithms supporting copyright notification and protection.

Dual-modality learning and transformer-based approach for high-quality vector font generation

Vector fonts, serving as the fundamental format of fonts, play a significant role in modern media. Described by a set of mathematical equations, vector fonts enable style modifications by adjusting drawing parameters, making them favored by font artists and designers. Due to the non-structural nature of vector font data, the task of vector font generation resembles sequence generation. Existing methods, limited in handling long sequences, are only capable of synthesizing simple character vector fonts. In this paper, we propose a dual-modal learning strategy to convert raster glyph images to vector glyph images in an end-to-end manner. Specifically, by employing vector quantization, we comprehensively utilize the dual-modal information of vector fonts. We quantize image and sequence modal features using a shared codebook, mapping them to the same discrete space and aligning them. Through aligned features, we reconstruct raster glyph images and vector glyph images. During the transformation process of vector glyph data, we redesign the Transformer module for vector glyph data, leveraging multiple stacked sliding window attention mechanisms to model local and global information. By integrating reversible residuals with attention and feedforward layers within the Transformer module, we enhance the model’s capability and stability in handling long sequence data without sacrificing accuracy. Finally, we perform cross-modal model distillation to obtain the model’s backbone network. We further refine the backbone network using a differentiable rasterizer to minimize error accumulation during sequence generation. Qualitative and quantitative results demonstrate that our method achieves high-quality synthesis results in complex Chinese character glyphs. The synthesized vector fonts can be easily converted into TrueType fonts for practical use, holding valuable applications for anyone interested in personalized vector font styles.

Content and Style Aware Generation of Text-Line Images for Handwriting Recognition.

Handwritten Text Recognition has achieved an impressive performance in public benchmarks. However, due to the high inter- and intra-class variability between handwriting styles, such recognizers need to be trained using huge volumes of manually labeled training data. To alleviate this labor-consuming problem, synthetic data produced with TrueType fonts has been often used in the training loop to gain volume and augment the handwriting style variability. However, there is a significant style bias between synthetic and real data which hinders the improvement of recognition performance. To deal with such limitations, we propose a generative method for handwritten text-line images, which is conditioned on both visual appearance and textual content. Our method is able to produce long text-line samples with diverse handwriting styles. Once properly trained, our method can also be adapted to new target data by only accessing unlabeled text-line images to mimic handwritten styles and produce images with any textual content. Extensive experiments have been done on making use of the generated samples to boost Handwritten Text Recognition performance. Both qualitative and quantitative results demonstrate that the proposed approach outperforms the current state of the art.

Generation and Optimization of interpolation approximation algorithm based on Laser Icon Contour Generation

Point-by-point comparison interpolation is a widely used algorithm in laser marking system. This algorithm plays a very important role in controlling the laser trajectory and fitting the image trajectory. Because the point-by-point comparison interpolation method has the characteristics of intuitive operation, uniform pulse output and convenient adjustment, it is a kind of interpolation algorithm which is more suitable for the application of marking machine system. In order to improve the marking efficiency of vector text in laser marking system, by analyzing the outline structure of TrueType font and the properties of Bezier curve, an optimization algorithm for straight line approximation of TrueType font outline is presented, and the theoretical analysis and experimental verification are carried out. Firstly, the Bezier curve in the TrueType font outline is segmented according to the deCasteljau recursive algorithm, and then the curve is replaced by the connection of the head and tail control points. Finally, the approximate line segment is interpolated to generate marking data, and the straight line approximation outline is compared with the standard TrueType font outline. The results show that under the condition of satisfying the accuracy, the algorithm has the advantages of simple calculation process and a small number of nodes, and improves the marking efficiency of vector text. The traditional point-by-point comparison interpolation algorithm has some problems such as low precision and slow speed. In order to improve the performance of the algorithm, the traditional point-by-point comparison interpolation algorithm is improved, and the calculation and simulation are carried out. The results show that the accuracy and speed of the improved interpolation algorithm are obviously improved. The patch is extracted from the point cloud data, and the feature patch is generated by patch growth and fusion, and the feature line is constructed quickly according to the proposed patch two-way index method, and finally the point cloud plane contour is generated. Experiments show that this algorithm can generate point cloud contours quickly, accurately and effectively.

Detailed fluvial-geomorphologic mapping of wadeable streams: a proposal of universal map symbology

ABSTRACTDetailed maps are important components of fluvial-geomorphological research, connecting several tools, namely field mapping of presented channel and floodplain forms and the assessment of fluvial processes and hydromorphological conditions of current river management. In this paper, we propose a universal map legend for the complex mapping of small stream channels in a detailed scale, which means including both the channel and adjacent floodplain segments. With the help of the symbology we are able to demonstrate both fluvial forms (i.e. individual features, grain size of bed sediments and fluvial deposits) and fluvial processes (i.e. contemporary trends in channels, character of lateral sediment inputs and flow characteristics) in a single map. In total, nearly 150 symbols were proposed and created as a combination of TrueType font and ArcGIS Style files. However, the principle can be used in various software. The work is accompanied by three map examples from the Nízký Jeseník Mts (the Stará Voda Stream) and the Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mts (the Lubina and Bystrý Streams).

Emulation of Adobe CID Resources by CJK TrueType Fonts. Practical Mappings from Adobe CIDs to TrueType GlyphIDs

ResumeDe par la difference flagrante entre Adobe CID et TrueType en tant que systemes de gestion de glyphes, il y a une ambiguite lorsqu’on subsitue les CIDs par des glyphes TrueType. Notre but etant d’obtenir un emulateur CJK PS portable nous allons discuter un certain nombre d’algorithmes de correspondance ainsi que les statistiques de bonnes ou mauvaises substitutions pour chacune des ecritures : chinois traditionnel, chinois simplifie, japonais et coreen. En guise d’essai pratique nous implementons un emulateur de fonte CJK PS dans l’espace d’utilisateur du moteur de rendu PostScript et nous evaluons l’efficacite de notre algorithme dans le cadre de l’implementation actuelle de GhostScript.

TrueType fonty, TeX a čeština

TrueType fonty, TeX a čeština

Evaluating the IBM and HP/PANOSE font classification systems

PurposeThe purpose of this article is to introduce, describe, and critically examine the IBM and Hewlett‐Packard PANOSE systems of (electronic) font classification. Microsoft's TrueType Font (TTF) file format allows font developers the option of classifying their fonts according to one or both systems, and writing that information into a special location in the TTF file for use by other software.Design/methodology/approachA comprehensive survey of 13,000 TTF files was examined for information about their use of either classification system.FindingsThe classification systems are intended to help perform font substitution, as used when (part of) a document asks to be displayed in a font that is not present on the user's computer system, in which case the next nearest font is automatically chosen. However, of the nine sources of font compendia examined, only three had supplied adequate information about their fonts’ classifications in order to make this process workable. The other six sources had almost no coverage. When a font was classified by both classification systems, the two systems mapped poorly on to each other, suggesting that at least one system must be ill‐specified. PANOSE, the more detailed and slightly more popular system, showed poor internal consistency.Research limitations/implicationsSampling of the universe of fonts was opportunistic, and avoided expensive font developers who may be more conscientious adopters of the classification systems. The reliance on historic secondary data means that it is not always possible to distinguish between limitations of the systems per se and limitations of the users of the systems. This article's arguments are based on data derived from difficult‐to‐picture distinctions.Practical implicationsFonts are rarely classified at the source of manufacture or distribution. To compensate for this shortcoming, software tools are required that can classify TTF files at the point of use (i.e. on one's own system) and fill in the information which is missing from the TTF files found there. Furthermore, a better classification of fonts is required, in particular one that does justice to the variety and richness of display fonts. This should break free from the hard‐to‐perceive minutiae of traditional, historically‐derived methods. Instead, it should be psychologically grounded in the distinctions that people (i.e. the users) see in fonts, rather than those taught to graphic designers.Originality/valueProvides an examination of font classification in TTF files from three angles and calls for an empirically‐driven font classification.

Chinese TrueType font support in X window

It is of great significance to provide Chinese TrueType font support in X Window. This paper describes the work of adding a Chinese TrueType font renderer under X's font support mechanism. First, the origin of the idea is introduced, followed by a brief study of TrueType font and its rasterization algorithm, then the font support mechanism in X Window is discussed. Finally, an overall illustration of the Chinese TrueType font renderer is given.