International Trends Research Articles

Sport for development in German development cooperation: early and unknown efforts

ABSTRACT The early involvement some Western liberal states, such as Norway and Canada, in the field of Sport for Development (SfD) is well known, with both countries regarded amongst the pioneers in this area. In contrast, Germany’s early investments in the field are not widely known, in part due to deficiencies in documentation and publication. This paper will not only challenge the deficient historical documentation on the subject but will also provide a preliminary descriptive account of the factors that have driven investment or withdrawal from the SfD sector within Germany. This will be set against a broader global context and in relation to key turning points affecting the field. Based on a literature review and content analysis, the results trace the chronological course and development of SfD in Germany in three phases, where the popularity of sport as a developmental tool is subject to strong fluctuations. Additionally, German efforts in SfD have differed from international trends, particularly in the early adoption of sport in German development cooperation in the mid-1970s and the constraints observed during SfD’s international growth in the 2000s. Key implications of this paper include highlighting the strong influence of domestic politics on SfD funding and activity, and formally documenting the breadth and scale of German SfD efforts. Overall, this paper provides a foundation for further work looking at German international SfD efforts, as well as future consideration of the role of national politics in SfD funding.

A magyarországi kisüzemi sörgyártás és -fogyasztás területi vizsgálata = Spatial Analysis of Small-scale Beer Production and Consumption in Hungary

The Hungarian beer production transformed significantly after the change of regime. According to the international trends, production has changed and new types of beer have emerged, which have influenced the attitudes of Hungarian consumers towards beer. However, the number of geographic studies on beer production and consumption in Hungary is not sufficient to provide a comprehensive understanding of the phenomenon, so the aim of our study is to describe the sector through the operations of six selected small-scale breweries and large-scale breweries, comparing the two types of production. An important element is to explore the difficulties caused by the Covid-19 epidemic, its impact on the beer industry and the consumption habits of consumers.

Trends in Clinical Research on Ultrasound-Guided Acupuncture: A Scoping Review

Acupuncture is widely used to reduce pain and improve function in various conditions. Despite ongoing research in ultrasound-guided acupuncture, evidence supporting efficacy remains inconclusive. This study aimed to examine Korean and international research trends, clinical efficacy, and safety of ultrasound-guided acupuncture by performing a scoping review of clinical research on ultrasound-guided acupuncture. Literature searches were conducted across 11 databases, including all clinical studies published before April 2024, without restrictions on condition/disease or type of study. Of the 2,644 identified articles, 25 studies were selected for review, mostly involving patients with musculoskeletal pain, and post-stroke sequelae. Interventions included ultrasound-guided acupuncture, warming acupuncture, dry needling, and electroacupuncture. The effectiveness of ultrasound-guided acupuncture was evaluated using pain, functional disability, and effective rate as outcome measures, and most studies reported significant improvements. This study is the first scoping review to report on trends, clinical efficacy, and safety of ultrasound-guided acupuncture. While it demonstrates potential for treating musculoskeletal disorders, post-stroke sequelae, spinal injuries, and other conditions/diseases, research on its application remains limited to specific conditions/diseases. Furthermore, substantial variations were observed in types of acupuncture, application areas, and treatment frequencies. Future research should focus on high-quality randomized controlled trials with standardized ultrasound frequencies for specific conditions/diseases.

International Trends in Zinc Treatment for Diarrhea.

Diarrhea is a leading cause of death among children <5 years of age and can have long-term adverse consequences for human development. The World Health Organization has recommended the therapeutic use of zinc for the treatment of diarrhea, along with oral rehydration solutions, since 2004. We studied recent trends in the use of zinc to treat diarrhea in 23 low- and middle-income countries. A repeated cross-sectional design of 46 Demographic and Health Surveys from 23 countries was used to estimate the average annual change in zinc treatment across recent years. The earlier surveys were conducted in different years from 2009 to 2014, and the latest surveys were conducted in different years from 2015 to 2023, with an average gap of 6 years between surveys. A diarrhea episode during the 2 weeks before the survey and the treatment of diarrhea using zinc and oral rehydration solutions among children <5 years old was identified using an interview with mothers. In the pooled sample, the treatment of diarrhea in children <5 years of age using zinc increased from 2% in the earlier surveys to 27% in the more recent surveys, or an average annual increase of 4 percentage points (pp). The prevalence of zinc treatment increased in all 23 countries, ranging from 9 pp per year on average in Sierra Leone to 1 pp in Cambodia. A large increase in the use of therapeutic zinc to treat diarrhea in children was observed in recent years. However, coverage remains incomplete.

Towards a history of behavioural and experimental economics in France

Existing histories of behavioral and experimental economics (BE-XP) are primarily focused on its developments in the United States. While French economist Maurice Allais made significant contributions in the 1950s, the subsequent trajectory of BE-XP in France is understudied. This article addresses this gap by comparing the history of BE-XP in France to international trends previously identified in the literature. We find that, after an initial ambivalent influence from Allais, French BE-XP subsequently aligned with international trends. We nevertheless identify some distinctive national features in utility measurement and social preference modeling that are heterogeneously distributed across the French territory.

Formation of national varietal resources: status and prospects

Purpose. To study the current state and structure of national plant variety resources, analyse the dynamics of their formation, identify new challenges and threats to national interests and food security of the state. Methods. The research used general scientific methods including hypothesis, observation, search with elements of extrapolation from the source database, analysis, comparative evaluation and synthesis to draw conclusions. Results. The physical and geographical location of Ukraine in the centre of Europe determines the export­import segment of resources of varieties and hybrids, which depends on international trends and trends in the food market. In recent years, our country has lost its leading position in the market of varietal plant resources. At the beginning of the third quarter of 2024, the share of varieties of Ukrainian applicants in the State Re­gister of Plant Varieties Suitable for Distribution in Ukraine was lower than that of foreign varieties, slightly exceeding 44% (corn – 45.3%, sunflower – 32.9%, vegetables – 23.3%, rapeseed – 19.1%, beetroot – 19.2%). Currently, the priority of domestic breeding is maintained for the following groups: cereals – 52.3%, fodder – 64.2%, medicinal – 88.7%. According to experts, in the coming years three quarters of the varieties of plants grown in our country will be of foreign origin. This situation is of great concern not only because of the increased dependence on imports, but also because of the real prospect of the decline of domestic breeding and the emergence of risks in the field of plant variety rights protection. The reasons for this state of national varietal resources and trends in the development of the seed industry of the main strategic varieties were analysed, taking into account the production of seeds of both foreign and domestic breeding, the market share of which was determined during the research. The volumes and the main producers of conditioned seeds in Ukraine were determined. Conclusions. The state of plant variety resources was analysed, trends and main problems arising in the process of their formation were identified. The main directions of development and implementation of the norms of the European national legislation in the field of protection of rights to plant varieties and seed production were determined.

Comparing the Role of Attitudes on the Enactment of Academic and Non-Academic Education Performance Indicators

Chile has followed the international trend of implementing a standards-based reform, with the particularity of encompassing both academic and non-academic outcomes. Drawing on interview data from four school cases in Santiago, Chile, this study examines the role of attitudes in reform enactment, analyzing whether and how school actors’ attitudes toward academic and non-academic performance indicators influence practice change. Alignment between attitudes toward academic standards and practice change is often disrupted by subjective norms, whereas attitudes toward non-academic indicators consistently drive behavior. This research sheds light on the complex interplay between attitudes and policy enactment, offering valuable insights.

Universal Design for Learning (UDL) in Heritage Education: A Multimedia Approach to ‘Phra Aphai Mani’

Even though classic literature has cultural and educational value in heritage education, students often have trouble becoming interested because of the archaic language, a lack of good learning materials, the idea that the literature is not relevant, and complicated plots. This research aims to enhance heritage education by identifying barriers and drivers in youth engagement with classic Thai literature and exploring how Universal Design for Learning (UDL) principles could be applied to increase motivation in learning classic literature through multimedia. Ten interviews with experts, 100 on-site questionnaires filled out by students aged 15–25 years, and a multimedia e-book were used together in this mixed-methods study. As a case study, the researchers asked both experts and students to read the Thai classic poem “Phra Aphai Mani: Escaping from the Sea Witch” and make suggestions for how it could be better. The results show that there are barriers to heritage education, such as ‘the story is not connected to the present’ (mean = 4.52/5), ‘archaic vocabulary and language barriers’ (mean = 4.36/5), and ‘learning materials’ (mean = 4.25/5). Surprisingly, Thai students showed more positive attitudes towards literature courses than expected based on international trends. Key drivers for enhancing heritage education include ‘classic literature in modern, easy-to-read language’ (mean = 4.65/5), ‘including multimedia’ (mean = 4.58/5), ‘the plot/story adapted to the current era’ (mean = 4.50/5), and ‘new presenting technologies’ (mean = 4.49/5). Next, as an innovative way to improve heritage education, this study developed a free e-book titled “Phra Aphai Mani: Escaping from the Sea Witch”, which includes motion graphics and other multimedia elements. This research contributes to knowledge by demonstrating how UDL can be applied to classic literature within heritage education, enhancing understanding of student needs, and creating more effective, inclusive multimedia teaching methods for preserving and transmitting cultural heritage.

Crimes against Palestinian Civilians Under Zionist Occupation

Throughout its long history, humanity has coexisted with conflicts, power, influence, policies of violence and distress, bloodbaths, massacres, racial calamities and famines. Its present and future visions are still subject to horrors, hardships and tragedies. International humanitarian law has come to express these values in legal language that imposes the obligation on the States parties that make up these agreements. The basic rules and principles of this law have become a set of values accepted by the entire international community and to know that the civilian population is the first to be exposed in most cases to acts of aggression and violence. In different parts of the world, we are witnessing the process of ethnic cleansing, mass killings and atrocities committed against civilians and destroying their homes and property. This is what prompted the researcher to choose his research ( crimes committed against Palestinian civilians under the Zionist occupation) to answer many questions, including knowing who are civilians through the concept of crimes against civilians. The international trend of retaliation against civilians was rejected during the military operations. In the UN General Assembly resolution adopted in 1970, it is not permissible to retaliate against the civilian population, whether they are a group or individuals in armed conflicts. Civilians, in particular, within the framework of international humanitarian law, which is a newly established law that includes a set of international legal rules targeting situations of armed conflict and the protection of civilians suffering from the scourge of this conflict , and the subsequent military occupation. The rules of international humanitarian law are characterized by moral highness, as they codify the rules of morality that must prevail during armed conflict and military occupation

Innovative Marketing Strategies in the Competitive Economic Environment in Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs): A Case Study of Top Glove Manufacturers in Malaysia

Objective: The aim is to identify the key marketing strategies implemented by the manufacturers to achieve growth and sustainable development goals (SDGs) market leadership by glove-producing companies in Malaysia in the highly competitive global marketplace. Theoretical Framework: This paper contributes to the existing literature on the marketing strategies practiced in the manufacturing industries, mainly focusing on the glove manufacturing industry in Malaysia, which ranks as the global supplier of hand gloves in the industrial and medical categories. Taken in total, this work provides a refined appreciation of marketing and innovation’s relationship within a particular sector, and it does so by examining how those Malaysian glove makers who contest global markets leverage creativity in their marketing strategies in response to supply chain interruptions, approving bodies, and shifts in international buying trends. Methodology: Following a case study approach, this study focuses on large glove manufacturers in Malaysia; Top Glove is a crucial player. Hence, secondary sources will be adopted during the data collection stage. Perceptual data is also gathered from workers of key executives, marketing managers, and other industry professionals, which gives a picture of these business entities' marketing campaigns and strategic decision-making procedures. Industry journals, company reports, and market study papers validate secondary data. Results and Discussion: This study reveals that policymakers, manufacturing businesses, and marketing scholars can learn about the necessity of niche-based policies and friendly legal environments to boost innovation and competitiveness within manufacturing industries. It provides recommendations on creating a favorable climate for employing innovative marketing strategies and the possible enlargement of home-based businesses internationally. Originality/Value: Based on the findings and insights gathered from the research on innovative marketing strategies in the competitive global economic environment, particularly focusing on the case study of top glove manufacturers in Malaysia, several recommendations can be proposed to guide businesses in enhancing their marketing approaches and organizational performance

지식재산 일반 교과를 통한 특허명세서 작성 교육의 시사점 및 개선 방안

Objectives This study scrutinizes the teaching of patent specification writing through the general intellectual property course, draws implications, and suggests ways to improve the 2022 curriculum. Methods This study was conducted in the following ways First, we compared and analyzed the documents of the general intellectual property curriculum of the 2015 and 2022 curricula to identify changes in the achievement standards related to patent specification writing education. Second, we systematically reviewed textbooks, teacher guides, and teaching and learning materials to investigate the content and methods of patent specification writing education in actual educational settings. Third, we analyzed the requirements of patent specification writing education and the differences between domestic and foreign countries by reviewing relevant laws and regulations such as the Patent Act and the Patent Act Enforcement Rules, and identifying international trends through overseas cases. Fourth, we verified the feasibility and effectiveness of patent specification writing education through generative AI by utilizing actual patent specification and Chet Giffity. Through this multifaceted analysis, we identified problems in the current patent specification writing education through general intellectual property courses and proposed improvement measures. Results The implications of patent specification writing education through general intellectual property courses are, first, that it does not fulfill both relevant performance standards and legal requirements. Second, there is a lack of consideration on the selection of invention ideas that are the subject of patent specification writing education. Third, the number of class hours required to teach patent specification writing through general intellectual property courses and the number of teachers to implement the program are insufficient. Conclusions To improve, first, all of the components of a patent specification should be available for writing. Second, it should be possible to protect student-generated invention ideas while broadening the scope of the patent specification. Third, generative AI can be utilized as an assistant teacher to solve the problem of lack of educational content, time, and teacher resources in patent specification writing education. If these improvements are applied and expanded, it is expected that the patent specification writing education through the general intellectual property curriculum in the 2022 curriculum will be more applicable in schools and have a significant educational effect on problem-solving and computational thinking skills.

International trends in male youth suicide and suicidal behaviour.

Suicide and suicidal behaviour strongly contribute to overall male youth mortality. An understanding of worldwide data contextualises suicide and suicidal behaviour in young men within any given country. Members and colleagues of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry's Task Force on Men's Mental Health review the relevant data from several regions of the world. The review identifies notable findings across regions of relevance to researchers, policymakers, and clinicians. Male suicide and suicidal behaviour in adolescence and emerging adulthood within North America, Latin America and the Caribbean, Europe, the Mediterranean and the Middle East, Continental Africa, South Asia, East Asia, China, and Oceania share similarities as well as significant points of divergence. International data provide an opportunity to obtain a superior understanding of suicide and suicidal behaviour amongst young men.

High increase of Nichols-like clade circulating Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum in Barcelona from 2021 to 2023.

Worldwide, more than 90% of contemporary syphilis strains belong to SS14-like clade. This study aimed to describe the molecular profile of circulating Treponema pallidum subsp. pallidum (TPA) strains in Barcelona, Spain, from 2021 to 2023 building upon our report in 2015 which showed that 94.8% of typed strains belonged to the SS14 clade. Multilocus sequence typing (MLST) was conducted on TPA-positive samples obtained from swab samples by sequencing the tp0136, tp0548, and tp0705 loci. Strains were classified as Nichols-like or SS14-like clade. Macrolide and tetracycline resistance‑associated mutations were determined through analysis of 23S rDNA and 16S rRNA gene sequences. Of the 96 typeable samples, 47.9% belonged to SS14-like and 52.1% to the Nichols-like. Fourteen haplotypes were identified, with ST26 representing 43.8% of the samples, distributed across 11 haplotypes in the SS14-like and 3 haplotypes in the Nichols-like. All the samples showed macrolide resistance-associated mutations, while none exhibited tetracycline-associated mutations. Our findings revealed a substantial shift in the proportion of TPA clades within the Barcelona population from 2021 to 2023, characterized by a higher proportion of Nichols-like strains compared to 2015 and international trends. The varying temporal and geographical trends underscore the need for regular surveillance to understand regional variations in syphilis and strengthen control programs.

The British NHS at 75: Past, Contemporary, and Future Challenges.

This article assesses how and why the National Health Service (NHS) has remained at the forefront of British politics and society for 75 years amid significant economic pressures, organizational strain, shifting ideological trends, ongoing reforms, and an unprecedented public health emergency. The postwar "years of consensus" evolved into alleged decline and ostensible neglect during the 1980s, while New Labour sought to rejuvenate this core public service after 1997, featuring investment and often controversial reforms that challenged the party's social democratic values. Amid the New Labour era, NHS powers filtered down to devolved administrations, while from 2008 retrenchment and austerity ensued, fueled by global recession. Austerity eventually subsided, yet from early 2020 the NHS swiftly faced the extreme conditions of the globalized Covid-19 pandemic. The service continues to face challenges regarding its longer-term viability, and this article analyzes this scenario, within the context of the NHS's 75-year historical legacy, its contemporary status, comparative international trends, and likely future evolution.

Sustainable Design Methods Translated from the Thermodynamic Theory of Vernacular Architecture: Atrium Prototypes

In the context of China’s sustainable development and dual carbon goals, research on thermodynamic architecture theory and vernacular architecture increasingly aligns with international trends, developing distinct characteristics. This research addresses the challenge of rapid changes in the built environment by focusing on climate adaptability and passive technologies. However, the development of thermodynamic theory in vernacular architecture faced technical limitations in the early 21st century and was later overshadowed by the industry’s reliance on active technologies to meet green building standards, resulting in a reduced role for architects in the green building field. This article traces the origins of passive architecture, rooted in vernacular architecture, and applies thermodynamic theory to explore architectural prototypes. It examines the theoretical feasibility of architectural design in achieving low-carbon and sustainable goals, aiming to fill a gap in thermodynamic theory within the broader context of sustainable architectural development. After demonstrating the various passive prototypes inherent in vernacular architecture, this paper proposes a courtyard prototype focused on residential comfort for design translation and analysis. The research methods employed include bioclimatic charting, balance point temperature analysis in time series, and extensive computer simulations. Through the process of prototype extraction, performance analysis, validation, and optimization, the paper systematically discusses sustainable design methods within the framework of thermodynamic architecture theory. It also provides practical demonstrations of these methods across four distinct climate regions in China. By translating vernacular architectural designs, this research systematically organizes the theoretical framework for architects’ early involvement in low-carbon and green building design, offering a theoretical foundation for initiating the design process through prototype translation while guiding the generation of green ecological buildings.

Atypical Mumps; are We Heading Towards an Outbreak?

Mumps, caused by the mumps virus, is a contagious disease primarily affecting children and young adults. While typically presenting with salivary gland swelling and systemic symptoms, mumps can lead to various complications including SNHL, orchitis/ oophoritis, aseptic meningitis. Recent observations suggest atypical features in mumps cases, raising concerns of a potential outbreak in India. To discuss the etiopathogenesis and clinical presentation in cases of atypical mumps with increasing number of cases, a prospective multicentric study was conducted across five major centers - SMS Medical College Jaipur, RDBP Jaipuria Hospital, Jaipur, Shri Ashwini Saxena ENT Hospital Rewari, AIIMS Bhubaneswar and SP Medical College Bikaner, in India to evaluate patients with acute salivary gland swellings. Clinical and laboratory data were collected, including demographics, presenting symptoms, history of vaccination, imaging findings, and treatment outcomes. Patients were followed for four weeks post-treatment to monitor for delayed complications. Among 53 patients, a bimodal age distribution was observed, with peaks in early adolescents and middle-aged individuals. Vaccination status was recorded based on recall. Fever and salivary gland swelling were predominant symptoms, with a significant proportion experiencing submandibular gland involvement. Elevated serum amylase and CRP levels correlated with disease severity and prolonged symptomatic resolution. Notably, cases of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) and airway complications emerged as significant concerns. The study highlights a shift in mumps demographics, with higher age groups affected and increased incidence of complications like SNHL and airway compromise. International trends also suggest periodic outbreaks and evolving clinical manifestations post-COVID-19 pandemic. Factors contributing to mumps resurgence include lack of vaccination or vaccine efficacy, population immunity, and seasonal variations. India appears to be facing a potential mumps outbreak, characterized by atypical features and increased risk of complications like SNHL and airway compromise. Serum amylase and CRP serve as valuable markers for disease severity. Early recognition and management of complications are crucial, emphasizing the importance of mumps immunization to mitigate the impact of the disease. ENT specialists should remain vigilant for emerging complications, particularly SNHL, advocating for comprehensive immunization strategies.

Seaweeds and derived bioactive compounds as food alternatives: Current status and future perspective in Africa

The urgency for food security and diversification has necessitated extensive exploration of all potential food options. Seaweeds, now considered potential functional foods are widely consumed across Asia and parts of Europe. In Africa, reports on consumption trends and food-related applications are scarce. About only 1 % of the annually harvested ~120,000 (fresh weight) tonnes of commercially useful eucheumatoids are utilized locally in the continent's top-producing country, Tanzania. Ultimately, the intensification of current efforts shall promote up-scaling of the seaweed industry. In this review, we have discussed the nutritional profile and nutraceutical potential of commercially viable species, paying attention to consumer safety measures. Also, prospective food-related application of seaweeds based on current international and local African consumption trends is reviewed. The review further addresses factors that hinder consumer acceptance in Africa and the up-scaling of the seaweed industry at large. This review aims to provide some theoretical reference for future developments and application of seaweed as food in Africa.

Thyroid cancer epidemiology in Ireland from 1994 to 2019 – Rising diagnoses without mortality benefit

BackgroundThe epidemiology and management of thyroid cancer has changed radically in the recent past, with rising international incidence of early-stage papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) in particular. In this paper, we review the epidemiology of thyroid cancer in Ireland. MethodsA retrospective cohort study of National Cancer Registry of Ireland data, 1994–2019. ResultsRecords from 4158 patients were analysed. 73 % (n = 3040) were female. The average age was 50.4 years. Patient sex did not change over time (p = 0.662), while age decreased significantly (p < 0.0001). The most common diagnoses were PTC (n = 2,905, 70 %) and follicular thyroid carcinoma (n = 549, 13 %). Incidence rose over threefold (1.8–6.2 cases/100000 person-years). The incidence of T1 PTC rose over twelvefold (0.169–2.1 cases/100000 person-years), while the incidence of stage III and IV disease did not change significantly. Five-year disease-specific survival (DSS) was 85 % and varied significantly by diagnosis – 97 % for PTC versus 5 % for anaplastic thyroid carcinoma. Survival did not change significantly over time. Male sex was a risk factor for more advanced disease (p < 0.0001) but did not independently predict overall survival except in PTC (HR 1.6, p = 0.03). The use of radioactive iodine declined markedly from 49 % to 12.5 %. RAI improved DSS for PTC patients aged over 55 years (p = 0.02) without a notable effect on survival for those under 55 years (p = 0.99). ConclusionThe epidemiology and management of thyroid cancer in Ireland has changed dramatically in a manner reflective of international trends.

공공기관의 ESG 경영전략과 사회적 책임과의 영향 분석 : 2023년도 공기업과 준정부기관 경영평가 결과를 중심으로

Cmporate social responsibility or ESG is an international trend and is becoming standardized. Public instituticms in Korea have also been evolving into social contnbuticm, social value, and ESG activities, starting with ethical management in the early 2000s. The management evaluation system fur public instituticms is also expanding its evaluation content and weight to include govemmentreconmmded policies, social values, and indicators of social responsibility. Acoording to Werther and Chandler (2011 ), in order to implement corporate social responstbility (CSR) or ESG, companies or public instituticms must establish an integrated, mid-tenn to long-tenn management strategy. Currently, public eoterprises and quasi-govemmeotal organizations in Korea are being criticiz.ed fur eogaging in reactive and passive CSR or ESG activities in accordance with the management evaluation system of the Ministry of Strategy and Finance. Therefore, the public institution management evaluation manual stipulates that CSR or ESG should be promoted at the level of mid-tenn to long-term management strategy, but empirical analysis through the results of management evaluation shows that social responsibility activities rather than ESG management strategy affect management perfurmance. Orlitzky, Schmidt, and Rynes(2003) shows that it is tmre effective as a parameter for financial budget perfurmance than for public oommunicaticm, as shown in the research results. Therefore, looking at the pmpose of the new ''Public Entetprises and Sustainability'' chapter in the May 2024 OECD Public Entetprise Governance Guidelines, it is important for public eoterprises and quasi-govemmmtal organiWinns to improve short-tenn management efficiency and profitability, but it is also important to improve the e:fficieocy and profitability of public eole!prises in the mid-tenn to long-term. This meaos that social responsibility and ESG activities must be promoted at the strategic level of public instituticms for sustainability, and it can be empirically confinu:d that social resporunbility activities and ESG management have an impact on management performance such as financial budget performance.

THE INTRODUCTION OF INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGIES IN THE ACTIVITIES OF MODERN BANKS

Currently, traditional creative financial solutions are undergoing significant transformations, giving rise to new services designed for end users. Although the banking sector remains the main advanced segment for new technological solutions in the global financial market, it faces competition from emerging fintech companies. The integration of high-tech solutions enables banks to enhance the competitiveness of their offerings and redefine how these products are developed and distributed. A critical factor in boosting a bank’s competitiveness through innovative products is the rapid development and market introduction of these innovations, as this quick turnaround directly impacts the speed at which competitive advantages are gained. People’s need for banking solutions, namely products or services, directly creates a vector of further development, the very format of these solutions. The most important thing is the bank’s focus on the wishes of its direct customers In this important sector, it is possible to get ahead only thanks to such characteristics as cost optimization, assortment revision and, a specific customer base. Of course, we must take into account international trends, the integration of such new products is the main issue on the agenda. Thus, the introduction of innovative technologies into the work of domestic banks helps to increase their competitiveness. The objective of this study is to develop both theoretical and practical frameworks for assessing the impact of cutting-edge financial technologies on the evolving landscape of the banking system. Keywords: digitalization, Internet banking, mobile banking, banking credit technologies, digital money.