Trends In Breast Cancer Mortality Research Articles

Trends in breast cancer mortality attributable to metabolic risks in Chinese women from 1990 to 2019: an age-period-cohort analysis.

Metabolic risks (MRs) are the primary determinants of breast cancer (BC) mortality among women. This study aimed to examine the changing trends in BC mortality associated with MRs and explore how they related to age, time period, and birth cohorts in Chinese women aged 25 and above. Data were sourced from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019 (GBD2019). The BC mortality trajectories and patterns attributable to MRs were assessed using Joinpoint regression. The age-period-cohort (APC) model was employed to evaluate cohort and time period effects. The age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) of BC mortality linked to MRs displayed an escalating trend from 1990 to 2019, demonstrating an average annual percentage change (AAPC) of 1.79% (95% CI: 1.69~1.87). AAPCs attributable to high fasting plasma glucose (HFPG) and high body mass index (HBMI) were 0.41% (95% CI: 0.32~0.53) and 2.75% (95% CI: 2.68~2.82), respectively. APC analysis revealed that BC mortality due to HBMI in women aged 50 and above showed a rise with age and mortality associated with HFPG consistently demonstrated a positive correlation with age. The impact of HBMI on BC mortality significantly outweighed that of HFPG. The risk of BC mortality linked to HBMI has steadily increased since 2005, while HFPG demonstrated a trend of initial increase followed by a decrease in the period effect. Regarding the cohort effect, the relative risk of mortality was greater in the birth cohort of women after the 1960s of MRs on BC mortality, whereas those born after 1980 displayed a slight decline in the relative risk (RR) associated with BC mortality due to HBMI. This study suggests that middle-aged and elderly women should be considered as a priority population, and control of HBMI and HFPG should be used as a primary tool to control metabolic risk factors and effectively reduce BC mortality.

Abstract 2134: Disaggregating breast cancer mortality trends in Asian American women from 2005-2020

Abstract Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the second leading cause of death among women and has disproportionately higher rates of mortality in certain racial groups, including Asian Americans (AA). While differences in BC mortality between AA and other racial groups have been identified, few studies have disaggregated nationwide AA mortality data. Methods: Using National Vital Statistics System mortality data, BC-related deaths were analyzed among AA groups (Asian Indian, Chinese, Filipina, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese), Native Hawiian and Pacific Islanders (NHPIs), and non-Hispanic Whites (NHWs) from 2005-2020. We calculated cancer proportional mortality ratios (PMRs), age-adjusted mortality rates (AAMRs), standard mortality ratios, and used JoinPoint regression for average annual percentage change (AAPC). Results: Among 13677 AA, 522 NHPI, 501282 NHW descendants, 14.3% cancer deaths were due to BC. PMRs increased for all racial groups except Filipina. AAMRs significantly decreased in NHWs (AAPC -1.61; CI -1.70 to -1.48) while significantly increasing for aggregate AAs (AAPC 0.45; CI 0.08 to 0.94). Among AAs, Filipinas had the highest AAMR. AAMRs significantly increased for Asian Indians (AAPC 2.05; CI 1.20 to 3.46), Filipinas (AAPC 0.61; CI 0.15 to 1.46), Koreans (AAPC 2.72; CI 1.57 to 4.65) and Vietnamese women (AAPC 3.63; CI 2.26 to 6.20), but significantly decreased for Japanese (AAPC -1.41; CI -2.22 to -0.53). Conclusions: We observed heterogenous and converging BC mortality trends across AA groups. These trends elucidate which populations within the broader AA group have disproportionately higher death rates and therefore should be targeted for BC prevention protocols (e.g., Asian Indian and Filipina). Identifying such trends can also help elucidate disparities in cancer care and the overall social determinants that affect women with BC. Understanding disaggregated trends can inform more inclusive screening practices and culturally tailored interventions and treatments to reduce BC deaths in vulnerable populations. Citation Format: Mia Marcotte, Yashi Chauhan, Vedha Penmetcha, Caroline Thompson, Candice Thompson, Malathi Srinivasan, Gloria Kim, Xinran Qi, Robert Huang, Adrian Bacong. Disaggregating breast cancer mortality trends in Asian American women from 2005-2020 [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 2134.

Time Trends in Male Breast Cancer Incidence, Mortality, and Survival in Austria (1983-2017).

Male breast cancer (MBC) comprises less than 1% of all breast cancer cases globally and remains understudied with persisting sex-specific survival disadvantages. We aim to contribute to better understanding of MBC with a comprehensive analysis of time-trends over several decades in Austria. We used Austrian National Cancer Registry data on 1648 cases of MBC cases diagnosed between 1983 and 2017 in Austria. Overall incidence, mortality, and survival rates, as well as age-, stage-, and period-specific incidence and survival rates were calculated. Joinpoint regression was performed to assess trends. MBC incidence rates increased throughout the whole observation period (1983-2017) with an annual percent change (APC) of 1.44% (95% confidence interval, CI: 0.77 to 2.11). During the same period, morality rates were stable (APC: -0.25, 95% CI: -0.53 to 0.60). Ten-year survival rates showed three phases of decreasing increases with an average APC of 2.45%, 1983-2009 (95% CI: 2.1 to 2.74). Five-year survival rates improved until 2000 (APC: 2.31, 95% CI: 1.34 to 3.30) and remained stable thereafter (APC: 0.10, 95% CI: -0.61 to 0.80). Stage-specific analyses showed a single trend of stable incidence rates of distant disease MBC (APC: -0.03, 95% CI: -1.67 to 1.65). Further, we observed increases in localised, regional, and unknown stage cancer incidence and increases in incidence rates across all age groups over the whole observation period. However, the estimates on these subgroup-specific trends (according to age- and stage) show wider 95% CIs and lower bounds closer to zero or negative in comparison to our findings on overall incidence, mortality, and survival. Despite improvements in survival rates, MBC mortality rates remained largely stable between 1983 and 2017 in Austria, possibly resulting from a balance between increasing overall incidence and stable incidence rates of distant disease MBC.

Advancing community-academic partnerships to achieve breast health equity: Applying the community-based participatory model to build capacity for sustained impact.

This formative study leveraged a community-academic partnership to identify barriers to care that are potential sources of breast cancer disparities in Black women. Through this partnership and using a community-based participatory research approach, the objective was to develop a community task force to inform future interventions aimed at addressing breast cancer disparities and increasing health equity. The authors assessed gaps in care related to breast cancer in Buffalo, New York, by collecting and analyzing qualitative data from focus groups and interviews with breast cancer survivors and breast navigation groups assessing barriers and facilitators across the cancer care continuum. Then, community-based participatory research approaches were used to build a task force to develop an action plan addressing gaps in care. The authors conducted a thematic analysis of qualitative findings to understand barriers and facilitators to cancer care. Three main domains of themes emerged, including medical mistrust, fear, and stigma; the importance of patient navigation as a form of social support; and the importance of faith and faith-based community. Finally, the findings were presented to a newly formed community task force to validate the data collected and set future priorities to address breast cancer disparities and increase breast health equity in the region. The authors observed that health equity is a critically important issue in cancer care and that developing culturally tailored interventions has the potential to improve care delivery and reduce breast cancer disparities. Learning from and working with community members helps set the future agenda related to health equity. Our overall goal was to assess gaps in breast cancer care in Buffalo, New York, and to use community-based participatory approaches to build a task force to work toward breast health equity. Recent and historical data indicate that the Western New York community is facing a continued wide gap in breast cancer mortality trends between Black and White patients. We collected qualitative data to understand potential sources of inequity related to breast cancer and presented findings to a community task force to set future priorities for addressing breast cancer disparities and increasing breast health equity in our region.

Spatial and temporal epidemiological analysis on the mortality rate of female breast cancer in Suzhou, China: 2006–2020

Objective: The epidemiological trend and spatial distribution of female breast cancer mortality in Suzhou were analyzed, so as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention and treatment of breast cancer. Materials and Methods: The annual trend of female breast cancer mortality data from 2006 to 2020 years was analyzed. The spatial autocorrelation analysis was carried out by Moran’s I method of GeoDa software to explore its regional aggregation. Results: The average annual crude mortality rate (CR) of breast cancer in Suzhou was 8.54 per 100 000 from 2006 to 2020, while the age-standardized mortality rate (ASMR) was 7.38 per100 000. The annual change percentage (APC) of CR in the recent 15 years was 1.98% (1.30–2.66%), which was statistically significant (P<0.001). The annual change trend of ASMR was decreased slightly (APC=−0.95%, P=0.04). Spatial analysis indicated that there was a certain clustering of breast cancer in Suzhou. The CR of female breast cancer in Suzhou showed an upward trend, but ASMR decreased slightly. Conclusion: Health promotion and education should be strengthened in the areas with a high incidence of female breast cancer death in Suzhou, and the participation rate of breast cancer screening should be further improved.

Trends in Breast Cancer Incidence and Mortality in the United States From 2004-2018: A Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)-Based Study.

The incidence and mortality data for patients with breast cancer in the United States are important to healthcare administrators for planning healthcare measures such as screening mammograms. In this study, we examined breast cancer incidence and incidence-based mortality in the United States from 2004-2018 using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database. We reviewed 915,417 cases of breast cancer diagnosed between 2004 and 2018. Overall, the data showed an increased incidence rate of breast cancer among all races and a decreased mortality rate among all races. Breast cancer incidence rates increasedby 0.3% (95% CI, 0.1, 0.4, p<0.001) per year over the study period.Breast cancer incidence rates increased for all age, race, and stage groups except for stage regional, which showed a statistically significant decrease in the incidence of -0.9% (95% CI, -1.1, -0.7, p<0.001).The highest decrease in mortality was observed among white patients, withan overall statistically significant decrease in rates by -14.3% (95% CI, -18.1,-10.4, p<0.001). The highest decrease in rates was observed between 2016 and 2018: -48.6 (95% CI, -52.6,-44.3, p<0.001). In black/African American patients, the overall incidence-based mortality decreased by -11.6% (95% CI -15.9, -7.1 p<.001), with the highest decrease in rates observed between 2016 and 2018 with a decrease of -51.3% (95% CI -56.6, -45.3, p<0.001). In Hispanic Americans, the overall incidence-based mortality decreased by -12.3% (95% CI -16.9, -7.4, p<.001), which is lower than in white Americans.

Population-based temporal trends and ethnic disparity in breast cancer mortality in South Africa (1999-2018): Joinpoint and age-period-cohort regression analyses.

Joinpoint regression analyses of the trends in crude and age-standardized mortality rates (ASMR) of breast cancer among South African women were conducted from 1999 to 2018 using mortality data from Statistics South Africa. Age-period-cohort regression analysis was then conducted to evaluate the independent effect of age, period, and cohort on breast cancer mortality, and analysis was stratified by ethnicity. The mortality rate of breast cancer (from 9.82 to 13.27 per 100,000 women) increased at around 1.4% per annum (Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC): 1.4%, 95% CI:0.8-2.0, P-value< 0.001). Young women aged 30-49 years (1.1%-1.8%, P-value< 0.001) had increased breast cancer mortality. The risk of breast cancer mortality increased among successive birth cohorts from 1924 to 1928 but decreased among recent cohorts born from 1989 to 1993. In 2018, the breast cancer mortality rate among Blacks (9.49/100,000 women) was around half of the rates among the non-Blacks. (Coloreds: 18.11 per 100,000 women; Whites: 17.77/100,000 women; Indian/Asian: 13.24 per 100,000 women). Contrary to the trends in high- and middle-income countries, breast cancer mortality increased in South Africa especially among young women. Breast cancer prevention programs should be intensified and should also target young women. The marked disparity in ethnic burden of breast cancer should be considered during planning and implementation of interventions.

Temporary trend of breast cancer mortality in the state of Santa Catarina in the period from 1996 to 2019

Introduction: Breast cancer is the most common female cancer and the leading cause of cancer death in women around the world. It has repercussions not only on human health, but also on health services due to the high incidence resulting in a large number of consultations and treatments. The disease is responsible for a large demand for hospitalizations throughout Brazil, where an increase in mortality rates is observed and Santa Catarina does not differ from the national scenario. The study aimed to analyze the temporal trend of the breast cancer mortality rate in the state of Santa Catarina from 1996 to 2019 Methods: This is an ecological epidemiological study of time series of breast cancer mortality in the population residing in the state according to age groups and health macro-regions. Data were obtained from the Mortality Information System and the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. Simple linear regression of standardized mortality rates according to the world standard population was performed. p&lt;0.05 was considered significant. Results: Data showed 9,637 deaths in the period. There was a significant upward trend in mortality in the state (from 6.50 to 7.92/100,000 women). An upward trend was observed in the age groups of 30–39 years, 60–69 years, and over 80 years. All seven health macro-regions showed an upward trend in mortality. Conclusion: The overall mortality rate from breast cancer in Santa Catarina showed a significant upward trend. A significant increase was also observed in the age groups of 30–39 years, 60–69 years, and 80 years old or older and in all health macro-regions. Problems in public health infrastructure, lack of control of risk factors and deficiency in mammographic screening are revealed. The elaboration and strengthening of public policies to control the disease are fundamental.

Analysis on Incidence and Mortality Trends and Age–Period–Cohort of Breast Cancer in Chinese Women from 1990 to 2019

To analyze the incidence and mortality trends of breast cancer among women in China from 1990 to 2019 and explore the effects of age, period, and cohort on the incidence and mortality of breast cancer. We performed a Joinpoint regression model to describe trends in breast cancer incidence and mortality. We used an age-period-cohort analysis model to estimate the impact of age, period, and cohort on breast cancer incidence and mortality. We collected breast cancer incidence and mortality among women aged 20-89 in China (1990-2019) from the Global Health Data Exchange (GHDx) database. The crude incidence and mortality of breast cancer from 1990 to 2019 in Chinese women showed an increasing trend, with an average annual increase percentage (AAPC) of 4.69% and 2.18%, respectively. The analysis on the age-period-cohort model revealed that the risk of incidence increased first and then decreased with age and peaked at 55-59 years old, whereas the risk of mortality increased by approximately 60.34 times from 20 to 89 years old. The risk of incidence and mortality increased by 2.64 and 1.49 times with the passage of time, respectively. The later the birth cohort is, the lower the risk of incidence and mortality will be. From 1990 to 2019, the incidence and mortality of breast cancer among Chinese women showed an increasing trend, and the prevention and control situation of breast cancer was still grim. Therefore, visual examination and palpation examination should be actively carried out in adult women with breast cancer, and the conventional population after 40 years of age, the high-risk population carrying hereditary breast cancer gene and the elderly population should be assisted with imaging examination along with palpation examination. When treating patients suffering from breast cancer, in order to reduce the death rate, a personalized treatment plan should be developed based on the characteristics of different patients.

Trends in breast cancer mortality by race/ethnicity, age, and US census region, United States─1999-2020.

Breast cancer remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality among women in the United States. Previous analyses show that breast cancer incidence increased from 1999 to 2018. The purpose of this article is to examine trends in breast cancer mortality. Analysis of 1999 to 2020 mortality data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics, among women by race/ethnicity, age, and US Census region. It was found that overall breast cancer mortality is decreasing but varies by race/ethnicity, age group, and US Census region. The largest decrease in mortality was observed among non-Hispanic White women, women aged 45 to 64years of age, and women living in the Northeast; whereas the smallest decrease in mortality was observed among non-Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander women, women aged 65years or older, and women living in the South. This report provides national estimates of breast cancer mortality from 1999 to 2020 by race/ethnicity, age group, and US Census region. The decline in breast cancer mortality varies by demographic group. Disparities in breast cancer mortality have remained consistent over the past two decades. Using high-quality cancer surveillance data to estimate trends in breast cancer mortality may help health care professionals and public health prevention programs tailor screening and diagnostic interventions to address these disparities.

Some Aspects of Women’s Health in Republic of Macedonia

INTRODUCTION: Sex and gender "matters" in terms of the health status as well as a result of both biological and gender-related differences.&#x0D; AIM: To analyze sex and gender-based differences in North Macedonia through analysis of some aspects of mortality, the knowledge and attitudes related to women’s health.&#x0D; METHODS: Analysis of the general and age-standardized mortality patterns and CAPI (Computer-assisted personal interview) composed on different topics including women's health for the period 2017-2020 were used.&#x0D; RESULTS: Age-standardized mortality rates (all-causes of death, circulatory and respiratory diseases and neoplasms) are prevalent and higher in the male population in North Macedonia. A significantly higher all-cause mortality trend for both sexes was found in 2020 making this year hardly comparable with the previous years. A decreasing trend of malignant neoplasms rate of female genital organs and an increasing trend of breast cancer mortality is observed.&#x0D; The majority of the respondents (50.6%) rated their current health status as excellent with a statistically significant difference between the age and ethnical groups. One-third of the respondents reported regular physical activity, mostly on a daily basis. The majority (39.3%) are overweight and 27.5% belongs to the obesity class I without a significant difference in terms of ethnicity.&#x0D; Respondents (27%), reported that have high blood pressure, 20.2% vaginal infections, 19.9% allergies, heart issues 15.1%, anemia 11.7%, while diabetes and cancer 8.5% and 2.5% respectively. The youngest and oldest age group of Albanian women are the least informed about the early detection procedures of malignant compared to Macedonian women and other ethnic groups.&#x0D; CONCLUSIONS: Analyzing some aspects of women's health in North Macedonia through the mortality, knowledge and attitudes of Macedonian women, we provide some further evidence for the development and implementation of targeted interventions and policies aimed to reduce the sex and gender-based health inequalities in the country.

Time tracking and multidimensional influencing factors analysis on female breast cancer mortality: Evidence from urban and rural China between 1994 to 2019.

BackgroundThere are huge differences in female breast cancer mortality between urban and rural China. In order to better prevent breast cancer equally in urban and rural areas, it is critical to trace the root causes of past inequities and predict how future differences will change. Moreover, carcinogenic factors from micro-individual to macro-environment also need to be analyzed in detail. However, there is no systematic research covering these two aspects in the current literature.MethodsBreast cancer mortality data in urban and rural China from 1994 to 2019 are collected, which from China Health Statistical Yearbook. The Age-Period-Cohort model is used to examine the effects of different age groups, periods, and birth cohorts on breast cancer mortality. Nordpred project is used to predict breast cancer mortality from 2020 to 2039.ResultsThe age effect gradually increases and changes from negative to positive at the age of 40–44. The period effect fluctuates very little and shows the largest difference between urban and rural areas in 2019. The birth cohort effect gradually decreases with urban-rural effects alternating between strong and weak. In the predicted results, the urban-rural mortality gap becomes first narrow and then wide and shows a trend of younger death.ConclusionsFrom the perspective of a temporal system, the changing trend of breast cancer mortality is highly consistent with the history of social and economic structural changes in China. From the perspective of the theory of social determinants of health, individuals, families, institutions and governments need to participate in the prevention of breast cancer.

Interpreting Breast Cancer Mortality Trends Related to Introduction of Mammography Screening: A Simulation Study.

Background. Several studies have evaluated the effect of mammography screening on breast cancer mortality based on overall breast cancer mortality trends, with varied conclusions. The statistical power of such trend analyses is, however, not carefully studied. Methods. We estimated how the effect of screening on overall breast cancer mortality is likely to unfold. Because a screening effect is based on earlier treatment, screening can affect only new incident cases after screening introduction. To evaluate the likelihood of detecting screening effects on overall breast cancer mortality time trends, we calculated the statistical power of joinpoint regression analysis on breast cancer mortality trends around screening introduction using simulations. Results. We found that a very gradual increase in population-level screening effect is expected due to prescreening incident cases. Assuming 25% effectiveness of a biennial screening program in reducing breast cancer mortality among women 50 to 69 y of age, the expected reduction in overall breast cancer mortality was 3% after 2 y and reached a long-term effect of 18% after 20 y. In common settings, the statistical power to detect any screening effects using joinpoint regression analysis is very low (<50%), even in an artificial setting of constant risk of baseline breast cancer mortality over time. Conclusions. Population effects of screening on breast cancer mortality emerge very gradually and are expected to be considerably lower than the effects reported in trials excluding women diagnosed before screening. Studies of overall breast cancer mortality time trends have too low statistical power to reliably detect screening effects in most populations. Implications. Researchers and policy makers evaluating mammography screening should avoid using breast cancer mortality trend analysis that does not separate pre- and postscreening incident cases.HighlightsPopulation-level mammography screening effects on breast cancer mortality emerge gradually following screening introduction, resulting in very low statistical power of trend analysis.Researchers and policy makers evaluating mammography screening should avoid relying on population-wide breast cancer mortality trends.Expected mammography screening effects at population level are lower than those from screening trials, as many cases of breast cancer fall outside the screening age range.

Associations of Obesity, Physical Activity, and Screening With State-Level Trends and Racial and Ethnic Disparities of Breast Cancer Incidence and Mortality in the US

Breast cancer causes disproportionate disease burden among various racial and ethnic groups in the US. However, state-level temporal trends and racial and ethnic disparities and whether metabolic and lifestyle factors and screening access are associated with temporal changes remain largely unknown. To investigate temporal trends and racial and ethnic variations at the state level and ecological correlations between obesity, physical activity, and mammography screening and breast cancer incidence and mortality trends among women in the US. A cross-sectional study was conducted to analyze breast cancer incidence and mortality trends among women in the US from January 1, 1999, to December 31, 2017, whereas an ecological analysis was performed to assess the associations. Data were analyzed from March 1, 2021, to September 30, 2021. Population-based cancer registry data were obtained from US Cancer Statistics incidence and mortality data. Prevalence of obesity, physical activity, and mammography screening were obtained from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Prevalence of obesity, physical activity, and mammography screening. Breast cancer incidence and mortality trends from 1999 to 2017 in the 50 US states and the District of Columbia. A total of 4 136 123 breast cancer cases and 782 454 deaths were included in the analysis, with a significant reduction in incidence (average annual percent change [AAPC], -0.4% [95% CI, -0.6% to -0.2%)]) and mortality (AAPC, -1.7% [95% CI, -1.8% to -1.5%]) during the study period. A significant state-level variation in breast cancer incidence and mortality between White women and those of other races and ethnicities was observed. A significant positive correlation was found between obesity and breast cancer incidence (r = 0.316; P = .02) and mortality (r = 0.400; P = .004) and an inverse correlation was found between physical activity and incidence (r = -0.577; P < .001) in women 55 years or older and mammography screening and mortality trends (r = -0.644; P < .001) in women 40 years or older. The findings of this cross-sectional study suggest that racial and ethnic disparities exist at the state level with regard to breast cancer incidence and mortality among women in the US. Metabolic and lifestyle factors and screening access were associated with the observed trends and racial and ethnic disparities. Interventions targeting these factors may help reduce the incidence of breast cancer and related deaths.

Trend of breast cancer mortality in Montenegro, 1990-2018 - Joinpoint regression.

In this study, we analyzed breast cancer mortality data overall and by age groups in women in Montenegro, to determine if there were any changes in trend for period 1990-2018. The study gathered data on breast cancer mortality in Montenegro obtained from Vital Registration System. Annual data on breast cancer mortality were extracted for period 1990-2018 and analyzed using World Standard Population age-standardized and age-specific rates and Joinpoint regression. In 2018 in Montenegro, breast cancer accounted for 4.64% of all deaths in women and for 19.78% of all cancer deaths in women. In terms of total cancer mortality, it ranked first among women. Age-standardized rates ranged from 11.41/100,000 in 1990 to 20.46/100,000 in 2016. Joinpoint regression showed no one joinpoint for the entire population of all women and age groups. In the observed period, breast cancer mortality rates significantly increased in the women in Montenegro [average annual percentage change (AAPC) = 1.44%; 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.9-2.0]. The most affected age group was 55-64 years. There is a growing breast cancer mortality trend in Montenegro. It is necessary to create specific programs for urgent action, in order to reduce this undesirable trend. At the same time, support from the competent institutions is needed for increasing screening coverage and better prevention of breast cancer in the target population.

Spatio-temporal trend of female breast cancer mortality in Shandong Province from 1970 to 2013

The mortality of female breast cancer in Shandong Province has increased since the 1970. The differential decomposition analysis found that the slight decline in the crude mortality of breast cancer among women was entirely due to non-demographic factors during the 1970-1990, and the significant increase in the crude mortality was due to a combination of demographic and non-demographic factors since the 1990. The contribution rate of demographic factor has gradually increased from 53.5% in 2004-2005 to 59.5% in 2011-2013, while that of non-demographic factor has decreased from 46.5% to 40.5%. The women aged 45-64 years old were the major population of female breast cancer deaths, accounting for 40%-60% of total breast cancer deaths in different times, and then the mortality in female aged 55-64 years old increased rapidly, with increases of 52.12%, 115.19% and 29.01% in 2011-2013 over the 1970-1974, 1990-1992 and 2004-2005, respectively (Z=-7.342,P<0.001). Compared with 1970-1974, the age-standardized mortality rate of rural women increased by 41.86% in 2011-2013 (Z=-17.933, P<0.001), and that of urban women increased by 18.62% in 2011-2013 (Z=-25.642, P<0.001). The age-standardized mortality rate of breast cancer in urban women was higher than that in rural women in different times (all P<0.05). The spatial scan analysis found that eastern Shandong Province was found to be a sustained high-risk area for death, and other high-risk areas were transferred from north to southwest of Shandong between 1970 and 2013.

Trends in female breast cancer incidence, mortality, and survival in Austria, with focus on age, stage, and birth cohorts (1983–2017)

Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed malignant disease and the leading cause of cancer death in women in Austria. We investigated overall and subgroup-specific female breast cancer rates to provide a comprehensive analysis of trends over several decades. Incidence, mortality, and survival, as well as age-, stage-, and birth cohort-specific incidence were analysed using nationwide cancer registry data on 163,694 cases of female breast cancer in Austria (1983–2017). Annual percentage changes were estimated using joinpoint regression. BC incidence underwent linear increases until 1997 and reversed with statistically non-significant declines until 2017. After initial increases in BC-specific mortality, rates were stable from 1989 through 1995 and started declining thereafter, although statistically non-significantly after 2011. Overall BC-specific survivals, as well as survivals according to the calendar period of diagnosis, increased throughout the observation period. Incidence in younger women (aged 44 and lower) showed linear increases, whereas for women aged 45 and higher mostly stable or decreasing rates were observed. Localised BC incidence increased markedly and started declining only in 2012. Distant disease-BC incidence decreased through the whole observation period and incidence of regionalised BC started declining in 2000. Birth cohort-specific incidence peaked in women born between 1935 and 1949 (ages 45–74). In conclusion, the incidence of BC in younger women is increasing, while overall female BC incidence and mortality are stable with non-significant declines. Further, increases in the incidence of early-stage BC (localised) seem disproportionately high in comparison to more modest decreases in late-stage BC incidence (regionalised and distant disease).

Breast Cancer Mortality Trends and Predictions to 2030 and Its Attributable Risk Factors in East and South Asian Countries

BackgroundAmidst the rising breast cancer burden in Asia, we aim to predict the future mortality risk due to breast cancer and identify the risk-attributable deaths for breast cancer among East and South Asian countries.MethodsWe used country-level data to predict the trends in the next decade relating to female breast cancer mortality by employing data from 1990 to 2019 from the Global Burden of Disease 2019 study. We used the stochastic mortality modeling and prediction techniques to forecast the age-specific and risk-attributable breast cancer mortality trends at the regional and national levels of East and South Asia.ResultsThe number of deaths caused by the breast cancer is predicted to increase in East and South Asian countries in the next decade (2020–2030). Age-standardized death rate (ASDR) of breast cancer is predicted to increase by 7.0% from 9.20/100,000 (95% CI: 6.04–12.12) in 1990 to 9.88/100,000 (95% CI: 7.12–11.4) in 2030 in East Asia, and about 35% increase from 13.4/100,000 (95% CI: 9.21–16.02) in 1990 to 18.1/100,000 (95% CI: 13.23–21.10) in 2030 in South Asia. At the national level, the highest percent change in ASDR between 1990 and 2030 was reported in Pakistan (a 62% increase) and Nepal (a 47% increase). The highest percent change in breast cancer mortality between 2020 and 2030 for females of age group 80–84 years was observed in Pakistan [21.6, (95% CI, 20.6–94.7)], followed by Afghanistan [13.3 (4.0–80.8)], and Nepal [36.6 (11.1–125.7)] as compared to the other countries. In the females of aged 50–80 years, the predicted death rates were associated with high body mass index, high-fasting plasma glucose, and diet high in red meat, across the majority of countries under study. Furthermore, reductions in percent change in mortality rates occurred in several countries with increases in sociodemographic index (SDI), notably across high SDI countries.ConclusionBreast cancer mortality risk varies substantially across East and South Asian countries with higher mortality risk in low/middle SDI countries. Early detection using screening, awareness among females and health workers, and cost-effective and timely treatment of patients with breast cancer is vital in stemming the tide of breast cancer in the next decade.

Population-based study: breast cancer mortality trend in women in the state of Paraná from 2000 to 2017

Objective: Breast cancer is one of the main challenges in Brazilian public health due to the high associated mortality. Mortality has different patterns according to age group, usually increasing with age. The demographic stability in Paraná, with the growth of the elderly population, has a direct impact on the epidemiology of this disease. This study aimed to assess, on a population-based basis, the rates and trends of mortality from breast cancer among the age groups of women in the state of Paraná from 2000 to 2017. Methods: A statistical descriptive retrospective series study was carried out to analyze, on a population-based basis, the trend in breast cancer mortality rates among the age groups of women in the state of Paraná, from 2000 to 2017. The trend analysis of annual mortality rates was carried out through the software and simple linear regression models. Results: The population-based analysis showed that women aged 45–54 and 55–64 years had the highest number of deaths during the study period. However, when calculating the mortality rates by age group, it was observed that the mortality pattern increases proportionally to the longevity of the female population in the state. Trend analyses indicated an upward trend in mortality among women aged 25–34 years throughout the study period. The same trend was observed in women aged 35–44 years, but in a shorter period, from 2005 to 2017. Conclusion: Mortality rates, per 100,000 women, were directly proportional to age, increasing with age, indicative of greater mortality from the disease in elderly women. There was a trend of increasing mortality, with statistical significance, in the age groups from 25 to 34 and 35 to 44. The others were considered stable trends.

Trends in Breast Cancer Mortality Between 2001 and 2017: An Observational Study in the European Union and the United Kingdom.

PURPOSEBreast cancer is the most common cancer in women worldwide, representing 25.4% of the newly diagnosed cases in 2018. The past two decades have seen advancements in screening technologies, guidelines, and newer modalities of treatment. Our study reports and compares trends in breast cancer mortality in the European Union and the United Kingdom.MATERIALS AND METHODSWe used the WHO Mortality Database. We extracted breast cancer mortality data from 2001 to 2017 on the basis of the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision system. Crude mortality rates were dichotomized by sex and reported by year. We computed age-standardized death rates (ASDRs) per 100,000 population using the world standard population. Breast cancer mortality trends were compared using joinpoint regression analysis.RESULTSWe analyzed data from 24 EU countries, including the United Kingdom. For women, breast cancer mortality was observed to be downtrending in all countries except Croatia, France, and Poland. For the most recent female data, the highest ASDR for breast cancer was identified in Croatia (19.29 per 100,000), and the lowest ASDR was noted in Spain (12.8 per 100,000). Denmark had the highest change in ASDR and the highest estimated annual percentage change of −3.2%. For men, breast cancer mortality decreased in 18 countries, with the largest relative reduction observed in Denmark with an estimated annual percentage change of −27.5%. For the most recent male data, the highest ASDR for breast cancer was identified in Latvia (0.54 per 100,000).CONCLUSIONBreast cancer mortality rates have down trended in most EU countries between 2001 and 2017 for both men and women. Given the observational nature of this study, causality to the observed trends cannot be reliably ascribed. However, possible contributing factors should be considered and subject to further study.