Cold chains are essential in providing people with food and medicine across the globe. As the global environmental crisis poses an existential threat to humanity and societies strive for more sustainable ways of life, these critically important systems need to adapt to the needs of a new era. As it is, the transportation sector as a whole accounts for a fifth of global emissions, with the cold chain being embedded in this old fossil-fuel-dependent infrastructure. With the EU is passing regulations and legislation to cut down on emissions and phase out polluting technologies like combustion engine vehicles, the next couple of decades in Europe will be defined by rapid infrastructural change. For logistics and cold transportation, this shift presents many opportunities but also highlights the need for innovation and new research. In this literature review, we identify pressing issues with the current urban cold chain, review the recent research around environmental optimization in urban logistics, and give a cross-section of the field: what the trending research topics in urban logistics optimization across the globe are, and what kind of blind spots are identifiable in the body of research, as well as changes arising with future green logistics infrastructure. We approach the issues discussed specifically from the point of view of refrigerated urban transportation, though many issues extend beyond it to transportation infrastructure at large.