In order to achieve national food security, it is necessary to provide sufficient food for the population of the regions. Due to natural and climatic determinism, some regions have objective restrictions on agricultural production. In comparison with the all–Russian parameters and indicators for the federal district, the trends in livestock production, the level of self-sufficiency and consumption of meat, milk and eggs in the Republic of Buryatia, a region with extreme natural conditions, are considered. It was revealed that the region has an extremely low self-sufficiency of these products, which affects the level of its consumption, which does not correspond to rational medical standards. The current problems require support for local livestock production along with the development of transport, logistics and market infrastructures to ensure stable import and delivery of products to consumers.