Trends In Manufacturing Research Articles

Current state and emerging trends in advanced manufacturing: process technologies

Current state and emerging trends in advanced manufacturing: process technologies

Design and Implementation of Digital Twin Factory Synchronized in Real-Time Using MQTT

As information technology progresses, the need for digital transformation within the industrial sector has become increasingly apparent, and digital twin technology has emerged as a significant trend in manufacturing. Digital twins synchronize physical and digital environments, overcoming spatial and temporal limitations to create various added values that are unattainable in reality. This paper presents a model that integrates digital twin technology with production and operational technologies at manufacturing sites, enabling remote, centrally controlled manufacturing services that transcend physical constraints. Specifically, by utilizing Message Queuing Telemetry Transport (MQTT) for real-time synchronization, this approach ensures efficient and timely data transfer between physical and digital environments. While traditional approaches often encounter challenges due to high investment costs and design complexities, this paper proposes a cost-effective and practical solution that reflects actual factory conditions.

A content analysis of illicit tobacco-related crimes reported in Australian media.

Australian survey and seizure data suggest a growing illicit tobacco market. As an illicit product, accurately tracking trends in illicit tobacco growing, manufacture and sales is challenging. We examined trends in Australian illicit tobacco-related crimes using a content analysis of news articles. We analysed Australian news articles identified in the Factiva database and government press releases describing Australian illicit tobacco-related crimes reported between January 2000 and December 2023. Sources were coded for crime type, location, product type, dollar value of seized products, methods of distribution or storage, agencies involved, and other crimes involved. We identified 447 crimes reported in 389 sources. The number of illicit-tobacco related crimes reported increased between 2000 and 2023. The most common crimes were possession of illicit tobacco (n=196/43.7%) and smuggling (n=187/41.8%), and the most common product type was 'illicit cigarettes' (n=197/44.1%). The most common distribution/storage method reported was via residential premises (n=98/21.9%). One-hundred and twenty incidents involved other crimes such as financial crimes involving money laundering (n=59/13.2%). Across all included news articles, the quantity of seized products totalled 827,529,307 cigarette sticks, 76,185 cartons, 668,687 packs, 239 hectares (of land growing tobacco plants), and 2,149,000 plants of illicit tobacco between 2000 and 2023. The median value (worth; AUD) of each seizure was $1,500,000 (range $43 to $67,000,000). Australian media reporting on illicit tobacco-related crimes increased over the past two decades, particularly since 2018. These findings highlight a need for improved border detection measures, investment in enforcement and other deterrent activities. This media analysis confirms trends identified in national survey data that indicate a growing illicit tobacco market in Australia since 2013 with a marked increase since 2018. While survey data suggests that Australian tobacco tax policy, which has included regular large tax increases since 2010, has decreased consumer demand for tobacco overall, it may have also incentivised criminal networks to supply illicit tobacco products due to it being a 'low risk' and 'high reward' activity. Controlling the Australian illicit tobacco market should be a policy priority.

Technology Trends Revolutionizing the World of Work- Auto Industry Perspective based on the SDG

Aim/Purpose: Disruptive technologies impact business cycles and work practices, paving the way for new-generation manufacturing trends. Organizations are constantly working to introduce products with a higher degree of innovation, catering to customer demands in the market. Background: The automobile industry plays a significant role in applying disruptive technologies while proving value to all stakeholders. The technological disruptions in the auto sector can potentially change the relationship between consumers and the automobile while impacting business trends and work practices. Methodology: Various scholarly research material was reviewed to understand the impact of technology disruptions on manufacturing methods, work practices, employee engagement, and skill development. Secondary data analysis was conducted for this qualitative and descriptive study. Contribution: This paper helps to understand the impact created by various technologies in the auto sector on employee retention—the role of man- Machine collaboration in creating job satisfaction among employees. Findings: Besides automation and digitalization, AI, Robotics, and Mechatronics play a crucial role in the sector's evolution. The study findings help us understand the impact of technology on manufacturing and business practices. Recommendation for Practitioners: Investment in training the workforce and embracing collaboration helps employees to benefit from the real world of work. Recommendation for Researcher: To ensure the relevance of research studies, practitioners and researchers should maintain a collaborative approach, using research insights to inform business strategies. Impact on Society: Analyze how technologies like collaborative robots (cobots) are integrated into manufacturing processes and their impact on job roles and efficiency. Technology continues to evolve, so societies shall proactively address challenges and leverage opportunities to take advantage of these innovations. It is the role of government policymakers, industry stakeholders, and educators to shape the auto industry's future in a way that maximizes the benefits to society from technological innovation. Future Research: The study's scope is to be done quantitatively by covering OEMs all over India. It discussed disruptive technology in general. Specific technological advancements can be analysed to dive deep into the phenomenon. A similar study could be undertaken in another industry besides the automobile.

Laser power density distribution metrology to support emerging trends in metal Additive Manufacturing

The laser power density distribution (PDD) applied to a material is a predominant process parameter that directly affects the properties of parts that are built with metal additive manufacturing (AM). Despite its prevalent effect on melting (especially melting depth and cooling rate), accurate characterization of PDDs in metal AM has been largely inadequate because of the challenging nature of such measurements. The metrological challenges include 1) withstanding power densities on the order of 10 MW/cm2, 2) accurately positioning optical devices (ideally within ±50 µm) relative to a reference plane, 3) intercepting and accurately profiling high-power beams at incidence angles up to 20° off-normal, 4) accurately measuring beams that are scanned significantly faster than 1 m/s, and 5) measuring highly-dynamic, non-Gaussian beam profiles (beam shaping). This paper describes measurement approaches, challenges, and future research directions for metal AM beam metrology. Preliminary results of laser directed energy deposition experiments illustrate the importance of accurately quantifying PDDs.

Systematic Engineering to Enhance β-Myrcene Production in Yeast.

β-Myrcene is an important monoterpene compound widely used in the fragrance, agricultural, and food industries. The microbial production of β-myrcene conforms to the trend of green biological manufacturing, which has great potential for development. The poor catalytic activity of β-myrcene synthase (MS) and the insufficient supply of precursors are considered to be the bottlenecks of β-myrcene production. Here, source screening, subcellular localization, enzyme fusion, and precursor-enhancing strategies were integrated for β-myrcene biosynthesis with Saccharomyces cerevisiae. The β-myrcene titer gradually increased by 218-fold (up to 63.59 mg/L) compared to that of the initial titer of the shake flask. Moreover, the titer reached 66.82 mg/L after the addition of antioxidants (1 mM glutathione, GSH, and 1% butylated hydroxytoluene, BHT). Ultimately, 142.64 mg/L β-myrcene in S. cerevisiae was achieved in 5.0 L of fed-batch fermentation under a carbon restriction strategy, which was the highest reported titer in yeast thus far. This study not only established a platform for β-myrcene production but also provided a reference for the efficient biosynthesis of other monoterpene compounds.

Current state and emerging trends in advanced manufacturing: smart systems

Current state and emerging trends in advanced manufacturing: smart systems

Research on the Impact of Digital Technology and Servitization on the Performance of Manufacturing Enterprises

This article mainly discusses the impact of digital technology and service-oriented on the performance of manufacturing enterprises. It first elaborates on the background of the trend of service-oriented manufacturing and the significance of its enterprises. Then, based on the impact of digital technology on the performance of manufacturing enterprises, several practical and feasible measures are proposed, mainly focusing on the long-term layout of service-oriented, shortening the low period, enhancing the competitive awareness of state-owned manufacturing enterprises, improving the driving force transformation, achieving simultaneous progress digitally, configuring digital and service-oriented elements, and eliminating the monopoly of digital resources. Followed by lowering the threshold for private enterprise resource acquisition, promoting financial digital development, breaking the financial dilemma of service-oriented manufacturing, continuously improving the performance level of manufacturing enterprises, and promoting the development of manufacturing enterprises.

ProcessCarbonAgent: A large language models-empowered autonomous agent for decision-making in manufacturing carbon emission management

Knowledge-intensive production represents a primary trend in industrial manufacturing, which heavily relies on the production logs of large-scale, historically similar orders for enhancing production efficiency and process quality. These logs are essential for predicting resource allocation and identifying bottlenecks in throughput. As a result, root cause analysis of the production process state is crucial for supporting decision-making in these settings. However, current methodologies heavily depend on expert knowledge, making the analysis time-consuming and inefficient for large-scale, multivariable processes. Although the development of large language models and autonomous agents presents a potential solution, these models are limited in their direct interaction with event logs due to inadequate data representation, token constraints, and insufficient accuracy. Therefore, enabling the interactive capabilities of large language models to overcome these specific limitations in process event data and industrial domain illusions poses a significant challenge. To address these issues, this paper introduces the ProcessCarbonAgent framework, an autonomous agent empowered by large language models, designed to enhance decision-making within industrial processes. Initially, a process data agent combines predefined semantic text representation methods with process template prompting strategies to improve interaction capabilities. Subsequently, an intention agent utilizing self-information and large language models is developed to address context length limitations by identifying and eliminating redundancies. Finally, a two-stage confidence estimation method is implemented to refine the precision of decision-making assistance, thereby improving the accuracy of decisions supported by large language models. Experiments with textile industry carbon emission data reveal that the assisted decision-making scores employing a compression ratio of 0.5, closely align with scores from manually labeled evaluations, with a 98% overlap across scoring intervals. Moreover, in contrast to relying solely on the original evaluation method, the two-stage confidence estimation method has led to a 20% increase in accuracy performance. The ProcessCarbonAgent achieved scores of 16.64, 55.13, 26.32, and 34.17 on METEOR, BERTScore, NUBIA, and BLEURT, respectively. The results demonstrate that the ProcessCarbonAgent framework significantly enhances the decision-making process for high-carbon emission states in industrial production, providing technical support for the low-carbon transformation and intelligent upgrading of these processes.

Analysis on the Development Trend of Mechanical Design and Manufacturing and its Automation Technology under the Background of Intelligent Manufacturing

With the rapid development of intelligent manufacturing, mechanical design and manufacturing and its automation technology are facing new opportunities and challenges. This paper starts from the advantages of mechanical design and manufacturing and automation technology, on this basis, discusses the development under the background of intelligent manufacturing machinery design and automation technology strategy and trend, including improve the independent innovation ability, improve the management and supervision system, strengthen the talent training and introduction and promote the sustainable development, etc. Research shows that the development of mechanical design and manufacturing and its automation technology will provide strong support for the promotion of intelligent manufacturing, and promote the development of manufacturing to a higher level and higher quality.

Demand and supply shocks derived from COVID-19 on the freight transportation system in Mexico

PurposeThis paper's purpose is twofold. First, based on a case study, it aims to comprehend the consequences of COVID-19 on the demand and supply shocks of the freight transportation system in Mexico. Second, it seeks to provide an integrated perspective of four transportation modes, which would help prepare public policies for future global pandemics.Design/methodology/approachAnalyzing the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the freight transportation system, which affects national and global economies, is essential to drawing valuable insights for the future. To facilitate international comparative analysis, conducting case studies at a country level was deemed necessary. As a result, a case study was conducted in Mexico using an integrated approach involving four transportation modes.FindingsTo manage disruptions in freight flow during uncertain conditions, a comprehensive perspective on the four modes of transportation and data-driven decision-making is crucial. Under this context, three initiatives can be identified: 1) establishing a National Center for Intelligence in Logistics to improve data-driven governance; 2) appointing the “Integrated Transportation Corridor Management Manager” (ITCMM) function to coordinate multiple authorities with different acting in critical freight transport corridors, and 3) creation of a digital tool based on millions of GPS data to monitor freight flows, allowing for collective intelligence among logistics actors.Research limitations/implicationsThis research's limitations are related to using non-standardized databases to gather information on four transportation modes. However, this limitation is also an interesting discovery. Mexico is becoming a strategic logistics hub between North America and Latin America, especially under the “Nearshoring” trend. Unfortunately, the lack of an integrated public policy in logistics and transportation reduces Mexico's capacity to deal with disruptions and its economic competitiveness.Practical implicationsThis research has identified practices that could be crucial in improving public policies to optimize shipping routes and reduce wait times while minimizing disruptions caused by unforeseen events. A concrete example is the digital platform called “eraclitux,” a computer tool similar to an Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system companies use. This tool can enable a “Control Tower” that monitors freight flow in transportation corridors under the supervision of “Integrated Transportation Corridor Management Managers.” The tool can make reactive and predictive decisions that help to enhance the logistics value provided by transportation infrastructure.Social implicationsThe importance of a well-coordinated and integrated public policy for freight transportation was identified to ensure better performance during disruptions. Delays in the flow of goods can significantly impact the supply of essential items such as food and medicine, ultimately affecting the population's quality of life.Originality/valueNumerous studies have been conducted to determine the extent of vulnerability and the impact of COVID-19 on freight transportation. However, most of these studies assume a developed market context or a single-mode transportation approach, which only applies to some situations. To gain a comprehensive understanding of how pandemics-induced demand and supply shocks affected freight transportation in developing countries such as Mexico, this paper offers insights from a four-transportation mode perspective. Mexico is facing a challenging Nearshoring trend in manufacturing, making it a significant logistics node between North and South America.

A Review of Modular Electrical Sub-Systems of Electric Vehicles

Climate change risks have triggered the international community to find efficient solutions to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions mainly produced by the energy, industrial, and transportation sectors. The problem can be significantly tackled by promoting electric vehicles (EVs) to be the dominant technology in the transportation sector. Accordingly, there is a pressing need to increase the scale of EV penetration, which requires simplifying the manufacturing process, increasing the training level of maintenance personnel, securing the necessary supply chains, and, importantly, developing the charging infrastructure. A new modular trend in EV manufacturing is being explored and tested by several large automotive companies, mainly in the USA, the European Union, and China. This modular manufacturing platform paves the way for standardised manufacturing and assembly of EVs when standard scalable units are used to build EVs at different power scales, ranging from small light-duty vehicles to large electric buses and trucks. In this context, modularising EV electric systems needs to be considered to prepare for the next EV generation. This paper reviews the main modular topologies presented in the literature in the context of EV systems. This paper summarises the most promising topologies in terms of modularised battery connections, propulsion systems focusing on inverters and rectifiers, modular cascaded EV machines, and modular charging systems.

Technology Trends Revolutionizing the World of Work- Auto Industry Perspective

Aim/Purpose: Disruptive technologies impact business cycles and work practices, paving the way for new-generation manufacturing trends. Organizations are constantly working to introduce products with a higher degree of innovation, catering to customer demands in the market. Background: The automobile industry plays a significant role in applying disruptive technologies while proving value to all stakeholders. The technological disruptions in the auto sector can potentially change the relationship between consumers and the automobile while impacting business trends and work practices. Methodology: Various scholarly research material was reviewed to understand the impact of technology disruptions on manufacturing methods, work practices, employee engagement, and skill development. Secondary data analysis was conducted for this qualitative and descriptive study. Contribution: This paper helps to understand the impact created by various technologies in the auto sector on employee retention—the role of man- Machine collaboration in creating job satisfaction among employees. Findings: Besides automation and digitalization, AI, Robotics, and Mechatronics play a crucial role in the sector's evolution. The study findings help us understand the impact of technology on manufacturing and business practices. Recommendation for Practitioners: Investment in training the workforce and embracing collaboration helps employees to benefit from the real world of work. Recommendation for Researcher: To ensure the relevance of research studies, practitioners and researchers should maintain a collaborative approach, using research insights to inform business strategies. Impact on Society : Analyze how technologies like collaborative robots (cobots) are integrated into manufacturing processes and their impact on job roles and efficiency. Technology continues to evolve, so societies shall proactively address challenges and leverage opportunities to take advantage of these innovations. It is the role of government policymakers, industry stakeholders, and educators to shape the auto industry's future in a way that maximizes the benefits to society from technological innovation. Future Research : The study's scope is to be done quantitatively by covering OEMs all over India. It discussed disruptive technology in general. Specific technological advancements can be analysed to dive deep into the phenomenon. A similar study could be undertaken in another industry besides the automobile.

Current trends in additive manufacturing of selective laser melting for biomedical implant applications

Additive manufacturing (AM) has obtained great attentions in the productions of customizable implants with complex shapes and good mechanical properties. AM fabricated implants of Ti alloy (Ti), stainless steel (SS), cobalt chromium (CoCr), iron (Fe) have been revolutionized in the productions of medical instruments, such as in artificial organs, including heart stents, drug delivery, scaffolds and orthopedic implants. However, high Young's modulus, superior mechanical characteristic, lack of surface integration, high corrosions, failed bone remodeling, and antibacterial performance are still incomparable to be used in anatomical structure. This review studied the issue of metallic implants designed by powder bed fusion of selective laser melting (SLM) techniques on the surface morphology, stress shielding effects, osseointegration, and antibacterial capabilities owing to implant failure. The rate of degradation and corrosion resistance of the metallic SLM implant, which would have an impact on cell proliferation and bone remodeling between the surrounding tissue, were discussed. The current review article also highlighted the various SLM parameters, like mechanical, chemical, and biological modifications, that might enhance the implant. Finally, applications, challenges, opportunities, and future developments of metallic implants using SLM techniques were addressed.

Hall-Petch relationship in multiscale cellular structures of Al-Si alloy fabricated by laser powder bed fusion

Material-structure-property integration is a promising development trend of additive manufacturing (AM). Nowadays, the material-property (M-P) relationships and structure-property (S-P) relationships of AM components have been extensively investigated. However, it is still unclear whether there is a relationship between M-P and S-P. Microscale cellular structure (ICS) is a typical microstructure in laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) processed metals, while macroscale cellular structure (ACS) is often fabricated by LPBF and are widely applied in industrial fields. Here, the solid material of AlSi10Mg alloy and ACS inspired by the ICS of AlSi10Mg were fabricated by LPBF. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) analysis revealed that reducing the laser power from 400 W to 300 W would increase the mean diameter of ICS from 0.4 μm to 0.9 μm, but the grain size remained almost unchanged. The micro-CT results indicated that the LPBF fabricated ACS had high relative density and dimensional accuracy. Through Hall-Petch equation, the relationship between M-P of AlSi10Mg alloy and S-P of cellular structure was established. The present investigations provide a way to predict microstructure properties from the macrostructure properties, and vice versa, which will facilitate the material-structure-property integration of AM technology.

Atomic simulation study on the effect of defects on nano-cutting mechanism of single crystal copper

Due to the high surface roughness of the parts produced by additive manufacturing (AM), the subsequent mechanical processing is required. The combination of additive manufacturing and micro/nano processing is the development trend of hybrid manufacturing in the future. In this work, the molecular dynamics simulation is used to study the effect and mechanism of different types of defects on copper cutting performance, including pore, Cr precipitate and diamond inclusion. The results show that the presence of defects leads to a decrease in the quality of the machined surface, while pore and diamond inclusion could lead to the appearance of deep holes on the machined surface. The phenomenon of sticking knife caused by stress concentration and high temperature at the tool tip is observed during the simulation in the model with Cr precipiate. The addition of defects causes a change in the horizontal cutting force. The highest force emerges during the simulation in the model with diamond inclusion. Defects in the copper substrate could reduce surface quality. Precipitate and inclusion could increase the stress near the tool so as to exacerbate tool wear and reduce tool life. Therefore, it’s necessary to decrease the number of defects in the matrix and to improve its cutting resistance.

Challenges and Solutions in the Digital Transformation of "Specialized, Refined, Unique, and New" Small and Medium Enterprises

Against the backdrop of the Digital China initiative, exploring how "Specialized, Refined, Unique, and New" (SRUN) enterprises can effectively undergo digital transformation to enhance innovation capabilities is a crucial and urgent topic. For these enterprises, accelerating digital transformation is key to addressing contemporary challenges, improving efficiency, reducing costs, showcasing unique advantages, and leading the trend of intelligent manufacturing. Throughout the transformation process, these enterprises face multiple dilemmas and challenges: despite a strong willingness to transform, they lack corresponding capabilities; infrastructure is improving, but the technological environment is not yet ideal; willingness to collaborate is increasing, but effective synergy is lacking; policy support is growing, but needs to be more precise. In order to better promote the digital transformation of SRUN enterprises, appropriate strategies must be adopted to address these challenges. This includes enhancing awareness and strengthening talent development, improving infrastructure, optimizing the transformation environment, fostering a favorable digital ecosystem, enhancing collaborative cooperation, and optimizing institutional design to elevate service standards. These measures collectively provide a pathway for SRUN enterprises to drive digital transformation.

Survey and Analysis of Current Manufacturing Trends in the Global Market: A Practical Investigation

bstract: Manufacturing has undergone a significant digital transformation in recent years, driven by technological advancements and evolving consumer demands. To remain competitive and overcome today's challenges, manufacturers have prioritized agility and adaptability. The ongoing march of technology, connectivity, and automation enhancements is poised to continue reshaping the industry

Crafting a Sustainable Future: Exploring Research, Overcoming Challenges, and Anticipating Trends in Manufacturing and Design Engineering

Abstract: Sustainable manufacturing is intricately characterized as the conscientious creation of goods and services employing environmentally harmonious techniques and methodologies. These approaches are specifically devised to curtail ecological harm by conserving energy, preserving natural resources, and fortifying the well-being of communities and materials alike. Its paramount significance lies in its capacity to discern issues inherent in the stages of planning, designing, scrutinizing, and augmenting manufacturing processes, with potential innovations protected by patents. This current discourse aspires to expound upon the multifaceted dimensions of sustainable manufacturing, encompassing the delineation of pertinent metrics, a comprehensive examination of the diverse environmental ramifications intrinsic to sustainable manufacturing, and an exploration of the very essence of sustainability within the manufacturing paradigm, including consideration of technologies that contribute to eco-conscious practices. Moreover, this paper delves into the myriad challenges that confront sustainable manufacturing, offering a nuanced analysis, while simultaneously shedding light on the latent opportunities that reside within this realm, potentially protected by patents. In essence, the narrative woven herein endeavors to provide an extensive panorama of the intricate tapestry that is sustainable manufacturing, featuring innovative solutions that will be secured through patent protection. By dissecting its constituent elements and navigating through the challenges and prospects, we aim to foster a profound understanding of the holistic implications and potential transformative pathways within the realm of eco-conscious production methodologies, incorporating the advancements that contribute to sustainable manufacturing practices. In conclusion, the exploration of sustainable manufacturing's various dimensions, challenges, and opportunities not only contributes to a comprehensive understanding of its intricacies but also serves as a foundation for fostering eco-conscious production methods and transformative pathways in manufacturing practices, with the protection and dissemination of patented technologies playing a pivotal role in driving sustainable innovations

ФОРМУВАННЯ СПОСОБІВ ПІДВИЩЕННЯ ЕФЕКТИВНОСТІ ЗАСТОСУВАННЯ 3D-ПРИНТЕРІВ ДЛЯ КОМБІНОВАНОГО FDM-ДРУКУ З МОДИФІКАЦІЄЮ ПОЛІМЕРНИХ МАТЕРІАЛІВ

Current manufacturing trends today include additive technologies. The scope of use of industrial technological equipment for 3D-printing is expanding. Printing methods are being improved. New polymer and composite materials with reinforcement are being used. The quality, accuracy and strength of products improves. To assess the effectiveness of the implementation of technological processes in industrial equipment, the OEE (Overall Equipment Efficiency) criterion is used. For industrial 3D printing installations, the OEE indicator includes three component performance criteria: the criterion for realizing the design potential of the target technology workflow; criterion for technological assurance of product strength and quality; criterion for organizational and logistical exclusion of unproductive costs. The work has created a complete set of ways to increase the efficiency of equipment for combined FDM technologies by reducing the cost of operational time for technological and auxiliary transitions, as well as for preparatory actions for modifying polymer materials. Based on this variety of methods, the design of a multifunctional 3D printer for combined FDM technology has been proposed. The technical specifications for the printer provide for: increasing the productivity of 3D printing; ensuring adhesive strength of the connection between the initial layers of polymer material and the desktop; ensuring cohesive strength between layers of polymer material; expansion of technological printing capabilities using additional composite materials. This problem is solved by installing devices on a 3D printer that provide: modification of polymer materials by a pulsed high-frequency electromagnetic field; execution of executive robotic movements in the work cycle; computer control of all subsystems of a combined printing 3D printer using a single control program. The use of the described methods for increasing the efficiency of using 3D printers for combined FDM printing is possible in the production process of a repair and maintenance enterprise, as a set of all functions that ensure the achievement of the operating goal.