Tremellaceous Fungi Research Articles

The geographical distribution of tremellaceous fungi in Poland

The geographical distribution of the Polish tremellaceous fungi is discussed in this paper. The list of localities and the maps of the distribution of 60 Polish species (45 of <i>Tremellales</i>, 13 of <i>Auriculariales</i> and 2 of <i>Septobasidiales</i>) are given. The author distinguishes several geographical elements, and describes the vertical distribution of these fungi. This paper is a supplement to <i>"Fungi (Mycota)"</i>, vol. 8, Polish Flora (Wojewoda 1977).

Materials on ecology of the Polish tremellaceous fungi

Ecology and phenology of the Polish tremellaceous fungi is discussed in this paper. In Poland 60 species of this group are known: 45 of <i>Tremellales</i>, 13 of <i>Auriculariales</i> and 2 of <i>Septobasidiales</i>. A list of their hosts is given and a connection with plant communities is described. This paper is a supplement to the book „Fungi (<i>Mycota</i>)", vol. 8, Polish Flora (Wojewoda 1977).

Taxonomy and systematic position of tremellaceous fungi

The taxonomy of fungi from the orders <i>Tremellales, Auriculariales. Septobasidiales</i> and related groups (<i>Tulasnellales, Dacrymycetales, Exobasidiales, Sporobolomycetaceae</i>) and the taxonomic position of these fungi within class <i>Basidiomycetes</i> is discussed. The author also presents ideas on the origin, evolution and age of tremellaceous fungi.

Types of reproductive cell in Exidia recisa and Sirobasidium intermediae

In Exidia recisa basidiospores germinated on agar to give a branched mycelium with prostrate conidiophores forming bacilliform conidia in succession as from a phialide. The situation is compared with that in other heterobasidiomycetes. In Sirobasidium intermediae basidia were formed in basipetal succession. The basidia liberated spore-like epibasidia (sterigmata) which accumulated in large numbers as a surface slime on the basidiocarp. The very few epibasidia that germinated in situ gave rise to aerial ballistosporic basidiospores which, on agar, germinated to give a yeast phase. Spread thinly on agar, most epibasidia germinated in a variety of ways; many gave rise to aerial ballistospores; others to a yeast phase; and a few underwent repetition to form sessile blastospores. Yeast-like colonies, arising from discharged basidiospores, developed occasional aerial tufts of clamped hyphae which, on isolation, grew slowly and soon reverted to the yeast phase. In forming a yeast-like phase and in not producing conidia as from a phialide, Sirobasidium seems closer taxonomically to Tremella than to other tremellaceous fungi.

Type Studies of Corticiaceae and Polyporaceae (Aphyllophorales) Described by C. Spegazzini

The 174 polyporoid and corticioid species of fungi described by C. Spegazzini were reevaluated. The type specimens for 149 names were located in the Instituto de Botinica Carlos Spegazzini (La Plata, Argentina). Of these, 21 are accepted as valid, 104 are synonyms, 15 types are sterile and indeterminable, 5 are not Basidiomycetes, 2 are tremellaceous fungi of uncertain position, 1 is allied to Stereum Pers. and 1 is allied to Phlebia Fr. Seven new combinations are proposed: Flaviporus subhydrophilus, Grammothelopsis puiggarii, Hypochniciellum iaganicum, Phanerochaete incrustans, Phellinus apiahynus, Phlebia argentina and Trametes versicolor f. antarctica.

Additional Neotropical Tremellales

SUMMARYExidia pergamena and Dacrymyces ancoratus, new Tremellales from tropical America are described and additional distributional records of tremellaceous fungi from Venezuela and Colombia are reported.

Additional Neotropical Tremellales

SUMMARY Exidia pergamena and Dacrymyces ancoratus, new Tremellales from tropical America are described and additional distributional records of tremellaceous fungi from Venezuela and Colombia are reported.

TAXONOMIC PROBLEMS IN THE HETEROBASIDIOMYCETES

SummaryCertain taxonomic problems of long standing within the heterobasidiomycete complex are reviewed and recommendations for a rearrangement in the classification of tremellaceous fungi (sensu lato) are suggested whereby the subclass Heterobasidiomycetidae is modified to exclude the Dacrymycetaceae. A new subclass, Metabasidiomycetidae, is erected and includes the holobasidiaceous Dacrymycetaceae and Ceratobasidiaceae as well as the Tulasnellaceae, the latter embracing such genera as Metabourdotia and Pseudotulasnella, which have incompletely divided basidia. The Ceratobasidiaceae as newly constituted, includes besides Ceratobasidium the genera Oliveonia, Thanatephorus, and Uthatobasidium.

New or Noteworthy Tremellales from Bolivia

Early in 1958 I received for identification a number of tremellaceous fungi that had been collected by Dr. Rolf Singer in Bolivia. Later, in November and December of the same year I visited Bolivia in order to gather further information on the Tremellales. This paper summarizes the results of the investigation. When Patouillard described Platygloea javanica in 1898 only five other species were known. Recently, Bandoni (1) included 23 species in the genus, of which P. javanica was still the only foliose member, the others being resupinate and mostly inconspicuous. Apart from other fundamental differences among the species which make a reconsideration of their status desirable, the finding of a second foliose species emphasizes the need for a revision of the genus. The new fungus to be described is easily placed near P. javanica yet differs from it significantly in external and internal characteristics. Through the kindness of Dr. I. M. Lamb I have been able to examine the type of P. javanica, in its present condition, a blackish, lobed fragment about 6 x 4 mm. It conforms for the most part with Patouillard's description but I found the basidia somewhat larger than he indicated and frequently 3-5 septate. The hyphae bore numerous clamp connections. No spores were found. It is clear from a study of P. javanica and the new species that they should no longer be maintained within an already heterogeneous group. It is therefore proposed that a new genus be established to accommodate these and other foliose members that might be found in the future.

Clamp-Connections in the Tremellales

SUMMARYSeventy-nine species of tremellaceous fungi, all occurring in the western hemisphere and representing all families except the Septobasidiaceae, are recorded as possessing clamp-connections. Such structures have previously been noted in seventy-one of the species listed.

Clamp-Connections in the Tremellales

SUMMARYSeventy-nine species of tremellaceous fungi, all occurring in the western hemisphere and representing all families except the Septobasidiaceae, are recorded as possessing clamp-connections. Such structures have previously been noted in seventy-one of the species listed.

Morphology and Cytology of Guepinia Spathularia

Two-spored basidia occur in a number of Basidiomycetes, among which may be mentioned the common cultivated form of Agaricus campestris, Amanita bisporigera, Craterellus cornucopioides and a number of Gasteromycetes. In all of these cases, however, the two-spored condition is exceptional, the great majority of the species of the Agaricales having four-spored basidia; the Gasteromycetes, while more variable in this respect, frequently have more than four. The Dacryomycetaceae is the only extensive group in which the basidium is consistently two-spored. It follows that members of this family afford particularly favorable material for studies which attempt to correlate the two-spored with the more usual four-spored condition. The questions to be considered are: Does nuclear fusion take place in the young basidium, and is it followed by meiosis in the usual manner? If so, what disposition is made of the resulting four nuclei? Do two nuclei pass into each spore? Does the basidium produce a second crop of spores? Or do two of the nuclei remain within the basidium, degenerating with it? Previous reports are far from agreeing in their answers to these questions and it seems desirable to attempt to throw more light upon the problem. The species chosen, Guepinia Spathularia, was selected because it is exceedingly common in North America, it is a typical member of the Dacryomycetaceae and it has not previously been studied cytologically. Although apparently not indigenous to Europe, its taxonomic position has been considered so frequently that it may be said to be universally known. In addition, an abundant supply of early stages was at hand, permitting observations upon the morphological development of the basidiocarp, to whichl little attention has been paid in tremellaceous fungi. The reasons for

Three New Heterobasidiomycetes

During the past few years I have examined a considerable num? ber of tremellaceous fungi of which the characters do not seem to agree with those of any recognized species. Many of these have been collected by my students and myself; others have been sent in by correspondents. The corifused state of the taxonomy of the group and the inadequacy of many of the descriptions make it desirable to use extreme caution in describing forms as new. The three species here presented seem, however, so clearly distinct as to justify description at this time.

Some North American Tremellaceae, Dacryomycetaceae, and Auriculariaceae

In 1899 I compared the authentic specimens of tremellaceous fungi in the Schweinitz herbarium in Philadelphia with collections which I had accumulated while living in Vermont, where many of the Schweinitzian species are frequent. From time to time I have studied the types of species described by Berkeley and Curtis and by Peck and made comparisons with them. My deep interest in Professor Coker's recent work 'The Lower Basidiomycetes of North Carolina and in Mr. Lloyd's studies and comments on various species leads me to present the following notes: TREMELLACEAE