Treatment Respondents Research Articles

Barriers to Antiretroviral Medication Adherence in People Living with HIV (PLHIV) at the Time of the COVID-19 Pandemic in the Philippines.

Background: During the COVID-19 pandemic, the HIV crisis in the Philippines worsened and triggered a chain reaction that disrupted the provision and utilization of HIV services. This study aims to fill in the gap in knowledge by exploring the possible association between sociodemographic characteristics and the barriers to ART adherence for PLHIV in the Philippines at the time of the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods: A cross-sectional study was performed by using a survey questionnaire, which was distributed via online social media (Twitter). Data were analyzed using the Stata software. Results: There is a significant association between the following treatment barriers and sociodemographic characteristics: the location of treatment hubs and respondents who finished college/graduate studies; checkpoints and crossing borders; and (1) respondents from Northern Luzon Region, (2) unemployed respondents and financial assistance-1. respondents 18 to 25 years old; 2. unemployed respondents-(3) respondents who finished elementary/high school and psychosocial support-(1) respondents from the NCR; (2) respondents 26 to 30 years old, stocks of ARVs and other medicines, and employed respondents. Conclusions: The results suggest a necessity for innovative approaches to make HIV care services, particularly ART, more accessible to PLHIV during the COVID-19 pandemic. Future large-scale studies exploring the association between sociodemographic characteristics and barriers to medication adherence of PLHIV during the COVID-19 pandemic are recommended.

Saving for Multiple Financial Needs: Evidence from Lockboxes and Mobile Money in Malawi

Abstract We test whether the provision of multiple labeled savings accounts affects savings and downstream outcomes in an experiment with 761 microentrepreneurs in urban Malawi. Treatment respondents received one or multiple savings accounts, in the form of lockboxes or mobile money. We find that while providing additional boxes increased savings by 40%, technical issues marred the efficacy of a second mobile money account. Data from novel high-frequency surveys suggest that both types of accounts had impacts on downstream outcomes, including farming decisions and credit extended to customers. We do not detect differential downstream effects by the number or modality of accounts.

Impact assessment of the organic agriculture production training program in Northern Philippines

A study was conducted to assess the impacts of the Organic Agriculture Production (OAP) Training Program of Ifugao State University (IFSU) on beneficiaries. The Australian Centre for International Agricultural Research (ACIAR) framework for impact assessment was used in tracing the impact pathways of the program. It utilized quantitative methods of data collection. The data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics and the Likert scale. Respondents were the beneficiaries of the training that served as the treatment and non-beneficiaries that served as the control. The majority of the treatment and control respondents are young adults and middle-aged, female, married, finished secondary and college, have less than five household members, and are employed. Most of the respondents in the study have organizational affiliations. The inputs to the program were from the Technical Education and Skills Development Authority (TESDA) and the IFSU. The use of these inputs produced technological and capacity building outputs. All the training respondents received their National Certificates, which means that they are all competent in the use of the OAP technologies and that they can produce new products that they can utilize for subsistence and livelihood. The evidently used adoption pathways were capacity building and communication. Respondents from the treatment group “agreed” that their participation in the training resulted in capacity building outcomes utilized at a personal and organizational level. The training program showed significant impacts on farm income, total annual income, employment, organizational affiliation and involvement, and adoption. Policy recommendations for the improvement of the program are discussed.

Medication beliefs, adherence, and outcomes in people with asthma: The importance of treatment beliefs in understanding inhaled corticosteroid nonadherence-a retrospective analysis of a real-world data set.

Poor adherence to inhaled corticosteroids (ICSs) increases asthma morbidity and mortality and is influenced by patients' treatment beliefs. This study maps patients' beliefs about ICSs across 6 countries examining variations in beliefs, and their relationship with adherence and outcomes. We sought to explore the relationship between patient treatment beliefs, and adherence and outcomes in asthma across 6 countries. Patients 18 years or older with asthma, receiving ICS alone or in combination with a long-acting β2-agonist, were included from a point-in-time paper survey of patients with asthma in Europe and the United States. Clinical characteristics, such as adherence and asthma control, were collected by self- and physician-report. Patients completed the Beliefs about Medicines Questionnaire, adapted for ICSs. Relationships between patient treatment beliefs, adherence, and outcomes were examined using regression analyses. Data from 1312 patients were analyzed. Patients were from Germany (24%), the United States (21%), France (21%), Spain (16%), Italy (10%), and the United Kingdom (9%). Most had physician-reported mild-intermittent asthma (87%), and mean age was 40± 15.5 years. There was considerable variation in necessity beliefs between countries, with respondents in Italy having more doubts about treatment necessity and respondents in Spain showing higher concerns. Patients with doubts about ICS necessity and high concerns had lower self-reported (necessity: χ2(2)= 34.31, P< .001; concerns: χ2(2)= 20.98, P< .001) and physician-reported adherence (necessity: χ2(2)= 11.70, P= .003; concerns: χ2(2)= 34.45, P< .001). Patients with high necessity beliefs (F(2, 483)= 3.33; P= .037) and high concerns (F(2,483)= 23.46; P< .001) reported poorer control. Physician estimates of adherence did not correlate well with patient self-report (ρ= 0.178, P< .001). ICS necessity beliefs and concerns were associated with adherence and asthma control. This has implications for the design of adherence interventions.

PENGARUH PEMBERIAN BUBUR INSTAN MORPHALUS (TEPUNG DAUN KELOR, TEPUNG KACANG MERAH, TEPUNG IKAN GABUS) TERHADAP PENINGKATAN BERAT BADAN BAYI GIZI KURANG USIA 6-11 BULAN DI PUSKESMAS TAMAN BACAAN PALEMBANG

Background: Undernutrition is still a major nutritional problem in Indonesia. Babies are one of the vulnerable groups experiencing nutritional problems. The direct cause of the occurrence of malnutrition is one of which is influenced by the intake of nutrients. Low energy, protein and fat intake causes optimal utilization of nutrients and susceptible to infectious diseases (Diniyyah, 2017). Therefore, with the provision of morphalus instant porridge that is high in energy and protein can help increase weight. &#x0D; Method: This research is a quasi-eskperimen study with a pre-test research design and post test with control group design. The study was conducted from January-March 2022. The sample number of 20 treatment respondents and 20 comparison respondents were carried out by purposive sampling.&#x0D; Results: Based on statistical tests in the treatment group and comparison group obtained the value of the baby's weight before and after the intervention with a p-value (&lt;0.05)&#x0D; Conclusion: Morphalus instant porridge has an effect on increasing the weight of malnourished infants aged 6-11 months in the Working Area of ​​the Taman Bacaan Palembang Health Center&#x0D; Keywords: Undernutrition, Complementary food&#x0D; &#x0D;

Pengaruh Pemberian Snack Fig Bar Tepung Kacang Kedelai Dan Ubi Jalar Kuning Terhadap Tekanan Darah Penderita Hipertensi Di Puskesmas Kertapati Palembang

Background: Hypertension that occurs in productive age in Indonesia is a serious health problem, the prevalence is above 34.1%. Lack of intake of macro and micro nutrients is the main cause of the lack of healthy snacks, especially for people with hypertension. nutritional intervention with Fig Bar Snack Formula which can significantly reduce the incidence of hypertension. Snack Fig Bar is a type of bakery when broken solid textured. Soybeans and Yellow Sweet Potatoes contain potassium and fiber which play a role in lowering systolic and diastolic blood pressure. Purpose: This study aims to determine the effect of giving FIG BAR snacks made from soybean flour and yellow sweet potato flour on reducing blood pressure in hypertension. Method: The type of research used is a quasi-experimental with a Control Group Pretest-Posttest design. This research was conducted from January to April 2022 at the Kertapati Health Center in Palembang. The sample in this study was selected by Systematic Random Sampling with a total sample of 30 treatment respondents and 30 comparison respondents.Result: Data analysis using t-dependent that the average systolic and diastolic blood pressure before treatment in the treatment group were 155.40 mmHg and 95.33 mmHg, in the comparison group 151.10 mmHg and 96.37 mmHg Conclusion: The average systolic and diastolic blood pressure after treatment in the treatment group was 151.97 mmHg and 93.23 mmHg, in the comparison group it was 157.53 mmHg and 96.60 mmHg with a p-value of 0.000 which indicates that there is an effect of giving snacks. Fig Bar Made from Soybean Flour and Yellow Sweet Potato Flour for Hypertension Patients' Blood Pressure.

The Effect of Giving Takokak Tea and Ice Cream on the Level of Macronutrient Consumption

Obesity is one of the most neglected problems in today's society. The incidence of obesity is related to diet, energy intake, physical activity, and sleep duration. Energy intake that is greater than the calories expended can be one of the triggers for obesity. Dried takokak contains high carbohydrates and low fat. Based on data from the Indonesian Central Statistics Agency in 2017, the level of ice cream consumption in Indonesia was 22.64% and increased in 2018 with the percentage to 26.38%. Ice cream made using skim milk has a lower fat content because skim milk contains 1% fat so that it can increase protein and reduce fat content in ice cream. Drinking tea is now growing in the trend of health drinks and lifestyle. Several studies state that tea is suitable for consumption by obese people. The purpose of this study was to analyze the differences in the level of consumption of energy and macronutrients (protein, fat, carbohydrates) in the control respondents with the treatment respondents and to analyze the differences in the consumption levels of the respondents before and after the intervention was given. This type of research is a Quasi Experimental study with the treatment of giving tea and takokak ice cream. The design used in this study is the Nonequivalent Control Group Design. In this study there were four treatment groups, namely P0 = control, P1 = takokak ice cream, P2 = takokak tea, and P3 = combination. Respondents in this study had an age range of 30-49 years with nutritional status &gt;23. The consumption level of respondents was obtained from food recall data for 14 consecutive days. The difference in consumption levels before and after the intervention was given to the treated group, if the data were normally distributed, it was tested using the Paired t-test. After the Paired t-test was carried out, there were significant differences in the level of energy consumption and macronutrients (protein and carbohydrates) after the intervention was given to each group. In the four groups there was no significant difference in the level of fat consumption. After the One Way Anova test, there were no significant differences in the level of energy consumption, protein, fat, and between groups. Suggestions for this research need to do further research using appropriate targets with the given intervention.

Impacts of COVID-19 on Owner's Veterinary Healthcare Seeking Behavior for Dogs With Chronic Conditions: An Exploratory Mixed-Methods Study With a Convenience Sample.

This mixed-method study explored the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on owners' veterinary healthcare seeking, with particular focus on dogs with chronic conditions. A convenience sample of 719 UK dog owners completed an online survey (December 2020-January 2021). Differences in treatment provision and respondents' decisions to seek care across acute, preventative, chronic conditions and for end-of-life care were explored. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with seeking care for any health issue compared to deciding against it, and urgency to seek care given symptom that could indicate chronic conditions. Open-ended questions were analyzed by thematic analysis. Significant (p-value < 0.05) differences in care seeking decisions were identified regarding access to veterinary care and the way treatment was provided across all health issues. The top reasons for not seeking care across all health issues were a lack of access to a veterinarian (30%, n = 56/187) and a reluctance for a dog to go to the clinic unaccompanied (20%, n = 38/187). Variables related to stronger dog-owner relationship, higher confidence in seeking care, perception of: benefits of veterinary care, dog's high susceptibility to illness and high severity of dog's condition, increased the odds of seeking, and urgency to seek, care. A dog's chronic illness diagnosis reduced the odds of seeking care during the pandemic, reportedly due to difficulties in accessing care for non-urgent issues. Qualitative analysis showed that limited access to routine consultations, delays in test results and restricted access to complementary treatments, led some owners of dogs with chronic conditions to believe that their dog's welfare had deteriorated during the pandemic. Pandemic control measures necessitated changes to how consultations were run. These changes were often viewed favorably, but dog-client separation during consultations were considered problematic, sometimes delaying veterinary advice-seeking, including for euthanasia. Separating owners from their dogs during veterinary consultations should be avoided wherever possible due to impacts on dogs, owners and healthcare seeking. Interventions to improve veterinary healthcare seeking could target attitudes toward benefits of seeking care, improve owners' self-efficacy and capitalize on the dog-owner bond. Such interventions should be implemented alongside interventions aimed at removing structural barriers to accessing healthcare.

Health Education : Audio Visual Media for Improving Mother’s Knowledge, Attitude, and Psychomotor of Breastfeeding Techniques

Lack of mother's knowledge about the correct management of lactation is the cause of mothers cannot breastfeed their babies with the correct technique which results in the baby not being able to suck effectively. If this condition is not treated, it will affect the growth of the baby, the growth and development of the baby is hampered. Efforts that can be made to deal with these problems are by providing health education with audiovisual media. The aim is to determine the effect of health education on mother's knowledge, attitudes and psychomotor about breastfeeding techniques. This study uses a Quasy-Exsperiment design, Pretest-Postest Control Group Design. The population in this study were all postpartum mothers at Paviliun Melati RSUD Jombang. The research subjects were 30 treatment respondents and 30 control respondents, using purposive sampling technique. Data were analyzed using Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney with a significance level of 0.05. The results of the analysis test showed that there was an effect of health education on mother's knowledge, attitudes and psychomotor about breastfeeding techniques with a significance value of p&lt;0.05, and there were differences in the effect of health education on mother's knowledge, attitudes and psychomotor about correct breastfeeding techniques in the group. treatment and control groups with a significance value of p&lt;0.05. Health education uses effective audiovisual media to increase mother's knowledge, attitudes and psychomotor about breastfeeding techniques and can be used as alternative media in an effort to provide health information.

When information isn’t enough: The limits of demand reduction messaging as a tool to change the consumption choices of Chinese wildlife tourists

Wildlife tourism has huge potential to benefit local human populations, and animal welfare and conservation objectives. A substantial proportion of wildlife tourism experiences, however, negatively impact on animals’ welfare and their species’ conservation status. An emerging goal of conservation research is to test conservation social marketing interventions aimed at modifying consumers’ choices. Here we present a preliminary test of demand reduction messaging, designed to combat barriers to Chinese consumers aligning their choice of wildlife tourist attractions (WTAs). We presented an online experimental survey to 1000 Chinese respondents. Of these 800 were shown treatment statements detailing the impacts of WTAs and how to discern these, and 200 were control respondents. Half of treatment respondents and all of control respondents were then “primed” by asking them introductory questions about WTAs’ likely impacts. We showed all respondents, in random order, 10 mock webpages, mimicking promotional materials for existing types of WTA, five designed to represent beneficial (“good”), and five detrimental (“bad”) WTAs, and asked them to rate how much they would like to visit each. We found a small effect of treatment information: 5.6% fewer treatment than control respondents gave high scores to bad WTAs, and 5.8% more gave low scores. We found no effect of treatment information on respondents’ scores for good WTAs. After the survey, respondents were shown ratings of each WTAs’ welfare and conservation impacts, and asked to re-assess them. In response 23.5% fewer gave high scores and 28.8% more gave low scores to bad attractions, percentages that were unaffected by the experimental treatment. Providing upfront, explicit statements regarding the impacts of WTAs and how to discern these, had limited effect on the choices of our Chinese respondents. We recommend conservation marketing campaigns to instead focus on providing visually appealing ratings of WTAs’ likely species conservation and animal welfare impacts.

Nutrition Consultation and Egg White Extras at the Knowledge and Albumin Level Pulmonary Tuberculosis (Tb) Patients in the Irna Room, RSUD Dr. R. Soedarsono, Pasuruan City

Tuberculosis is a lung infection characterized by pulmonary infiltrates and caseous granuloma formation, fibrosis and cavity. Extra egg white administration can increase serum albumin levels by an average of 1.13 g by dL. Nutrition counseling is very important given to increase knowledge and change attitudes or behaviors of pulmonary TB patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving nutritional counseling and extra egg white to the knowledge and levels of albumin in pulmonary tuberculosis patients in the IRNA room of the RSUD dr. R. Soedarsono, Pasuruan city. This research is a quasi experimental study with the research design used is the Desaign Group Pretest-Posttest Control. From the Wilcoxon statistical test the Asymp. Sig value is obtained. 2-tailed of 0.001 smaller than 0.05, so Ho is accepted as meaning there are differences in the level of knowledge before and after obtaining nutritional counseling and the value of Asymp.Sig is also obtained. 2-tailed of 0.001 smaller than 0.05, then Ho is accepted by means of differences in albumin levels in the treatment group. There is an effect of nutritional counseling on the knowledge of control and treatment respondents before and after being given nutritional counseling. There was a difference or increase in pre and post albumin levels given extra white egg in the treatment group with an average increase of 0.21 g by dl.

When the Train Finally Comes: Impact of New Transit Opening on Urban Kampung Residents’ Personal Motorized Vehicle Use

We estimate the impact of the opening of Indonesia’s first subway– the MRT Jakarta – on urban kampung residents’ personal motorized vehicle use. We employed a quasi-experimental approach through a two-wave panel survey. We assigned residents living within the designated TOD boundaries into a treatment group and those living farther away into a control group. Using difference-in-differences models, we find insignificant effects of the MRT Jakarta opening where treatment respondents logged 7.5 fewer weekly vehicle kilometers traveled than control counterparts. There was no substantial difference in the respondents’ self-assessed travel habits between treatment and control groups.

Identification of Circulating miR-22-3p and miR-93-5p as Stable Endogenous Control in Tuberculosis Study.

The diagnosis and prognosis of tuberculosis remains challenging and necessitates the development of a new test that can accurately diagnose and monitor treatment responses. In this regard, miRNA is becoming a potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarker which differentiates treatment respondents from non-respondents for various non-infectious and infectious diseases, including tuberculosis. The concentration of miRNAs varies based on cell type, disease, and site of infection, implicating that selection of an optimal reference gene is crucial, and determines the quantification of transcript level and biological interpretation of the data. Thus, the study evaluated the stability and expression level of five candidate miRNAs (let-7i-5p, let-7a-5p, miRNA-16-5p, miRNA-22-3p and miRNA-93-5p), including U6 Small Nuclear RNA (RNU6B) to normalize circulating miRNAs in the plasma of 68 participants (26 healthy controls, 23 latent, and 19 pulmonary tuberculosis infected) recruited from four health centers and three hospitals in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. The expression levels of miRNAs isolated from plasma of culture confirmed newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis patients were compared with latently infected and non-infected healthy controls. The qPCR data were analyzed using four independent statistical tools: Best Keeper, Genorm, Normfinder and comparative delta-Ct methods, and the data showed that miRNA-22-3p and miRNA-93-5p were suitable plasma reference miRNAs in a tuberculosis study.

Cashing In (and Out): Experimental Evidence on the Effects of Mobile Money in Malawi

We present results from a randomized control trial on access to mobile money with 480 entrepreneurs in Malawi. Treated individuals received account opening assistance and basic training on mobile money and were encouraged to save. Withdrawal fees were waived. Seventy-three percent of treatment respondents made at least 1 deposit, and 53 percent made at least 5. Treatment respondents reallocated labor from business to agriculture, and we find some evidence for an increase in expenditures. Evidence suggests that treatment effects were driven in large part by respondents using the accounts for savings.

Reduce or redirect? Which social marketing interventions could influence demand for traditional medicines?

The global trade in wildlife is a threat to species conservation and animal welfare. A key driver is demand for traditional medicines (TMs). We present an initial experimental survey of demand reduction and demand redirection interventions aimed at changing the behaviour of TM consumers in China and Vietnam. Treatment respondents (n = 1600) were shown TM products, with messages outlining their conservation, welfare or human health impacts, and asked their intention to buy these products in the future. Control respondents (n = 400) were shown nothing. All respondents were then shown a ‘herbal’ (plant-based) substitute, and asked how likely they would be to buy it. Respondents were finally shown a list of TMs and asked to select those they would buy.Of treatment respondents 62.7% stated they would stop buying TMs, but when later offered a list of TMs, 52.2% selected at least one to buy. Frequent buyers exhibited a smaller treatment response than occasional buyers (56.4% versus 67.1%, said they would stop buying), and a larger gap between this and their later decision to buy TMs (a 32.8% versus 14.0% difference). With respect to herbal substitutes, 88.9% of regular buyers selected high purchase likelihoods, compared with 73.5% of occasional purchasers, proportions unaffected by experimental group.Information campaigns may have a limited effect in reducing demand, particularly among frequent users of TMs. Frequent purchasers, however, exhibited the greatest enthusiasm for herbal substitutes. Future approaches to protect wildlife should test the effectiveness of working with TM practitioners to redirect demand onto alternative, non-animal TM ingredients.

The influence of red ginger extract in menopouse climacterium period of total cholesterols in covid-19 pandemic period in east java

COVID-19, which has been declared a pandemic by the World Health Organization on March 11, 2020, is increasingly widespread, WHO reports that today a total of 380,000 people died. In Indonesia an increasing number of 1,721 people died and infected cases in the data in Jombang East Java as many as 69 people who were positive for COVID-19 were hospitalized more than half were over 40 years old. This COVID-19 pandemic condition also causes stress in mothers whose menopausal climacteria can have a major impact because of the decrease in the body's estrogen hormone. heart. One effort to control cholesterol levels is recommended for antioxidant content. Red Ginger (Zingiber officinale var rubrum) is one of the spices that has antioxidant content that has long been used as traditional medicine by most people in Indonesia. The next benefit of red ginger is able to reduce bad cholesterol in the blood. Cholesterol can inhibit blood circulation throughout the body. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of giving red ginger extract in women during menopausal climacteria to total cholesterol during the COVID-19 pandemic in Jombang, East Java. The study design used a quasi-experimental design with a non equivalent (pretest and posttest) control group design. The sample of this research was 92 menopausal climacteric women in Jombang, East Java, consisting of 92 respondents consisting of 46 treatment respondents and 46 control groups. Sampling using purposive sampling. The treatment is giving red ginger extract. The results of research on female respondents during the menopause climaxium mean total cholesterol levels pre test (before given red ginger extract) amounted to the results of the research on female respondents during the menopause climacterial period the total cholesterol levels pre test (before given red ginger extract) was 222.61mg / dl and the mean post-test total cholesterol levels (after given red ginger extract) dropped to 200.61mg / dL. b). The treatment group respondents obtained the mean value of Pre test 222.61 and Post test 200.61. Whereas t Stat 4,991> t Critical two-tail 2,110 and ρ value 0,000

Konseling Individual untuk Meningkatkan Kemandirian

Research on the delivery of services counseling sunday prologue an individual to increase of developing kind of confidence student of class viii at their own locations MTs. Al-Ma’Arif discerning men will vanish or Wuluhan academic year 2017/2018. With the treatment respondents as many as 32 students. Data collection methode used is observation and chief, analysis the data used was analysis data descriptive. The result of preliminary observations by giving chief and obtained data for main with the percentage level independence students at the school of 56%, after he received action against cycle in behavior independence students at the school as compete in terms of good judge confident, and responsibilities of increased with large percentage 65%, after continue to cycle in level behavior independence students increased with large percentage 81%. Thus obtained conclusion, service delivery individual counseling shows that behavior independence students at the school increased. Research activities have categorized successfully it reached the percentage above indicators success that has been set of 75 % the percentage independence students at the school. Therefore to service delivery individual counseling can increase independence students at the school class viii a in MTs. Al-Ma’arif Wuluhan academic year 2017/2018. Keywords: Counseling Individual, Independence

Analysis of glycemic index of “Gula Semut” through blood glucose level test

The glycemic index is a measure developed to classify carbohydrate foods based on their physiological effects on blood glucose levels. The purpose of this study was to distinguish glycemic index of ant sugar compared to comparator (carbohydrate 50 gram). Respondents involved in the glycemic index test were 5 persons. Prior to treatment (fresh bread and “gula semut”) respondents fasting at least 10 hours. In the first stage respondents were given 50 grams of fresh bread measured blood sugar levels at 0 minutes (fasting), 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 minutes post giving bread. Respondents were rested for 3 days without heavy activity. The second stage of the respondents was given 50 grams of ant sugar and measured blood sugar level of 0 minutes (fasting), 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 minutes post giving “Gula semut”. Blood glucose measurement using finger-prick capillary blood samples method. Calculation of glycemic index to bread and “gula semut" obtained through calculation of area under the curve. The total area under the curve on the supply of bread 35.75% while the total area under the curve on the supply of “gula semut” 14.10%. The glycemic index of “gula semut” is low (<55%). Low glycemic index foods improve slowly blood sugar levels. So the “gula semut” does not raise the blood glucose levels quickly.

Upaya Meningkatkan Self Efficacy melalui Bimbingan Kelompok

Research on efforts to improve self efficacy student of class viii d through services one watch singing in response assistance would not only provide islamic junior high school mts al- malt or malt and meal discerning men will vanish or wuluhan the commencement of academic year 2017 / 2018 .. with the treatment respondents as many as 28 students .Data collection method that is used is identification observation and other of any economic indicators ,. Based on the results of from preliminary observations other of any economic indicators and set me free and more and they received way to the main databank with figures the percentage of the level of self afficacy students at the school as much as 50 % , percentage of 75 % . That is why it is to service delivery that the technical assistance would group of four can increase the size of the behavior self afficacy students at the school a class of viii d at mts al ma’arif malt or malt and meal discerning men will vanish or wuluhan the commencement of academic year 2017 / 2018 Keywords: Guidance Group , Self Efficacy

Effectiveness of Patient Centered Care to Reduce Anxiety Level and Improve Satisfaction in Patients Undergoing Cataract Surgery

Research on Patient Centered Care (PCC) in cataract patients is still limited, especially those that analyze the effectiveness of PCC in reducing anxiety levels and improving the patient satisfaction. This study was a quasi-experimental pre- and post-test design, which involved 30 treatment respondents and 30 control respondents. The instrument used a SAI questionnaire to measure anxiety and SERVQUAL modifications to measure patient satisfaction. The study was conducted at Nganjuk Eye Clinic in October-November 2018. Analysis of data using paired t-test and independent t-test. The results of difference tests of anxiety levels before and after PCC and difference tests of anxiety levels of the control and PCC group showed the results of sig. 2-tailed = 0,000. Whereas the difference tests of satisfaction levels between the control and PCC group were obtained sig. 2-tailed = 0.035. The PCC Effect Size obtained strong effects (2.59 and 4.31) in reducing anxiety and average effect (0.56) on improving satisfaction. There were significant differences in the level of anxiety and satisfaction in both groups. The results showed that PCC was very effective in reducing anxiety levels and quite effective in improving the satisfaction on cataract surgery patients.