Treatment Of Tooth Loss Research Articles

Osteoporosis and periodontal diseases with HIV infection (review)

Relevance. The life expectancy of people with HIV has increased thanks to the use of specific antiretroviral therapy (ART). Currently, one of the urgent medical problems for this cohort is osteoporosis. Immune reconstitution during ART leads to a sustained inflammatory reaction in the body, the release of cytokines, and activation of osteoclasts. Osteoporosis often causes complications in periodontology and implantology. The significant need of HIV-infected people for these types of dental care and the prevalence of periodontitis, including generalized forms, also determine the importance of this issue. Purpose. To identify the common links in the pathogenesis of systemic (osteoporosis – hereinafter referred to as OP) and local (jaw bones in periodontitis) osteoresorption, the main methods for the diagnosis, treatment and prevention of OP associated with HIV infection, its effect on the results of implantological treatment of adentia in this population. Materials and methods . Analysis of publications in scientific periodicals on OP + Periodontal Pathology + HIV/AIDS over the past decade (PubMed, Medline, Elibrary). Results. The etiology of bone structure disorders is multifactorial: chronic inflammation, direct impact of HIV on osteocytes, effect of ART (viral protease inhibitors) on bone metabolism and remodeling. The planning of specific therapeutic interventions should be individualized and aimed at the key links in the pathogenesis of osteoresorption (osteoprotectors, antiinflammatory agents, bisphosphonates, calcium supplements, vitamin D). Conclusion. The effectiveness of the bisphosphonate therapy of OP in this cohort and DEXA screening to control the risk of osteoresorption suggest a very likely clinically justified implantation method for the treatment of tooth loss in HIV infection. Topical issues of OP and periodontal pathology in connection with the aging of HIV patients should be considered as related. For them, the planning of specific diagnostic (DEXA, biochemical screening) and therapeutic (remineralizing agents, osteoprotectors, etc.) strategies involving narrowly specialized doctors (endocrinologists, gastroenterologists, etc.) becomes a decisive.

Digital planning as method for preventing complications during sinus lifting surgery

The method of digital planning of the sinus-lifting operation using data from computed tomography, laser surface scanning of the dentition, as well as a number of computer programs, the use of which in the treatment of tooth loss allows you to accurately position the window for lateral access to the maxillary sinus. This technique is based on digital planning for open sinus-lift surgery.

Method of calculating volume of bone-substituting material during sinus-lifting operation using digital technologies

The method of digital planning of sinus-lifting operation using the data of computed tomography, laser surface scanning of dentition, as well as a number of computer programs, the use of which in the treatment of tooth loss allows you to accurately determine the volume of bone-substituting material and the area of implant placement. This technique is based on the digital calculation of the volume of bone-substituting material required for introduction into the maxillary sinus during sinus-lifting operation.

Method of digital navigation for dental implantation using single drill

The method is given that in laboratory conditions allows you to create plastic templates made by 3D-printing. For planning a digital prototype of these patterns, computed tomography, laser surface scan of the dentition, as well as a number of computer programs are used, the use of which in the treatment of tooth loss allows you to accurately determine the implant placement area. This navigation is based on the principle of using one drill. The application of this method in the clinic will significantly improve the quality of implantology treatment, to obtain more predictable and long-term results.

A COMPARATIVE PROSPECTIVE CLINICAL STUDY OF TWO DIFFERENT IMPLANT SYSTEM WITH ZIRCONIA ABUTMENT FOR CEMENTED SINGLE TOOTH RESTORATION

Statement of problem. Treatment of tooth loss in the anterior maxilla can involve difficult functional, esthetic, and psychological problems, especially in young patients with otherwise good dentition. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to provide a comparative evaluation of two different implant system (Biohorizons and Dentium) with zirconia abutment in cemented single-tooth restorations. Material and methods. This prospective study of 45 single-tooth replacements with 22 Biohorizons and 23 Dentium dental implants was performed in 30 patients. The patients were selected from the outpatients’ clinic, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Al- Azhar University during the period October 2010 to October 2013. The custom zirconia abutments were fabricated. The restoration was an all ceramic crown for cementation with a framework in zirconia. The first clinical and radiographic follow up was performed one week after crown placement for all patients (baseline examination) then at four, eight and twelve months after crown placement, all patients were recalled and participated in the annual examination. Results. The clinical parameters (plaque and peri-implantgingival indexes) measured at the baseline and 1-year follow-up examination showed non significant differences in Biohorizons and Dentium and gave a satisfactory results. There is a significant difference in probing depth where the Biohorizons gave better result. The bone loss in Biohorizons was lesser than that in Dentium. The mean marginal bone loss was slightly higher (non significant) in the maxilla for both implant systems. During the 1-year follow up period, the survival rate was 100% in Biohorizons implant system and 95.6% in Dentium implants. The titanium screws that attached the abutment to implant were loosened within a few months of insertion of the permanent crown in two cases of Dentium implant. Subjectively all patients were satisfied with their single-tooth restorations supported by both dental implants. Conclusion. Within the limitation of the present study, favorable results obtained with the application of the Biohorizons implant system that supported cemented single-tooth crowns with custom zirconia abutment especially in the anterior region of the maxilla. Further studies are necessary to evaluate the long-term success.

Tooth loss treatment in the anterior region: Autotransplantation of premolars and cryopreservation

Avulsed and lost anterior teeth are common in young people. Using autotransplantation, it is possible to move problems in dental arches to regions where they are easier to solve orthodontically. Transplantation of premolars with three-quarter root formation or full root formation with wide open apical foramina provides the best prognosis for long-term survival. This article describes the use of autotransplantation and orthodontic treatment, together with cryopreservation, in connection with complicated trauma in the anterior region of an 8-year-old female child.

A comparative prospective clinical study of two single-tooth implants: A preliminary report of 102 implants

Statement of problem. Treatment of tooth loss in the anterior maxilla can involve difficult functional, esthetic, and psychologic problems, especially in young patients with otherwise good dentition. Purpose. The purpose of this study was to provide a preliminary comparative evaluation of two implants (ITI and Astra) in single-tooth restorations. Material and methods. This prospective study of 102 single-tooth replacements with 56 ITI and 46 Astra dental implants was performed in 82 patients at the Finnish Student Health Service Foundation. One Astra implant was lost before loading. The overall survival rate of the implants was 97.8% for Astra implants and 100% for the ITI system. After the initial healing period of at least 6 months, the remaining 101 implants (56 ITI, 45 Astra) were free of periimplant infection and revealed no detectable mobility. Radiographs did not reveal signs of periimplant radiolucencies. All 101 implants received single-tooth crowns. Results. Periimplant parameters and acceptable implant function were examined and demonstrated satisfactory results with preestablished clinical parameters and radiographs at 1 year. During the observation time the mean marginal bone loss was 0.13 mm with Astra implants and 0.11 mm with ITI implants. Subjectively all patients were satisfied with their single-tooth restorations supported by either ITI or Astra dental implants. Conclusion. The favorable results of this short-term study support the application of the two implant systems for single-tooth restorations, especially in the anterior region of the maxilla. (J Prosthet Dent 1997;77:382-7.)