Treatment Of Recurrent Herpes Labialis Research Articles

Efficacy of adjuvant photobiomodulation therapy in recurrent herpes labialis, a randomized clinical trial study

ObjectiveThis study aimed to determine the effect of Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) in the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis (RHL), one of the most common herpes simplex virus type 1 infections. Material and MethodsIn this randomized double blind controlled trial, Twenty-two symptomatic patients with RHL were enrolled. The patients were randomly allocated into one group (5 % acyclovir cream with 940±10 nm wavelength and 4 J/cm2 energy density and 100 mW output power) and another group (5 % Acyclovir 5 times/5 days and sham laser). Lesion size, and pain intensity were considered as the outcome at baseline, 1st 2nd and 3rd days postoperatively. ResultsPain intensity in PBM + Acyclovir group was significantly lower than Acyclovir without PBM group in both two and three days after intervention (p < 0.001). The lesion size in case group was significantly lower on 7 and 10 days (p < 0.05). Patients in the treatment group were significantly more satisfied with their treatment process (p = 0.008). ConclusionPBMT can be used as an adjuvant tool to acyclovir cream, due to higher potential in reducing postoperative pain, lesion size and also patients satisfaction.

Association of Photodynamic Therapy and Photobiomodulation As a Promising Treatment of Herpes Labialis: A Systematic Review.

Background: This systematic review aims to analyze the effectiveness of the association of photodynamic therapy (PDT) and photobiomodulation (PBM) in the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis and to analyze the very many variables of parameters applied, number of sessions, photosensitizer concentration, and the timing of the intervention to offer clinicians an indication of the most likely optimal techniques and parameters required to achieve clinical success. Methods: This study was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses PRISMA Checklist and registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO). We searched and identified articles of the subsequent bibliographic databases: PubMed and Cochrane. Results: Since there are no clinical trials regarding the association of PDT and PBM in the treatment of herpes labialis, we only included case reports in our review. All studies used methylene blue solution as the photosensitizer and the laser (diode laser or low-power laser) with a wavelength of 660 nm as the light source. Power output, power density, number of irradiation points, number of PBM sessions, and irradiation duration varied between the included studies. Despite the diversity in parameters between studies, all case reports showed good results regarding relieving symptoms, accelerating healing, as well as reducing the incidence of recurrence without side effects. Conclusions: The association of PDT in the vesicular phase and PBM in the crust phase can be considered a promising solution for recurrent labial herpes. Despite the many successful cases reported, establishing an effective clinical protocol for the treatment of herpes labialis using PDT followed by PBM will only be possible through double-blind placebo studies that would elucidate the exact action of this treatment modality, the appropriate irradiation parameters for both therapies, optimal timing, and number of PBM sessions following PDT. This review has been registered at the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO) under number CRD42021290757.

A novel drug delivery system using acyclovir nanofiber patch for topical treatment of recurrent herpes labialis: A randomized clinical trial.

ObjectivesTopical treatment with acyclovir cream has shown low efficacy in recent studies. Nano drug delivery systems, have received much attention in recent decades. The aim of this study was to compare the efficacy of acyclovir nanofiber patch with acyclovir cream.Material and MethodsIn this double‐blind three‐armed randomized clinical trial, a total of 60 patients with recurrent labial herpes, were randomly divided into three groups, each consisting of 20. The patients in the first, second, and third groups were treated with acyclovir nanofiber patch, placebo nanofiber patch, and acyclovir cream, respectively. A numerical scale was used by the patients to record the self‐reported symptoms. Symptoms score, crusting time and healing time were assessed by the clinician. Kruskal‐Wallis test was used to compare the symptoms between the three groups, a survival test was also performed to evaluate the crusting and healing time. Data were analyzed in SPSS V22 at P‐value < 0.05.ResultsThe mean scores of symptoms at baseline were 1.6, 1.5, and 1.4 in the first, second, and third groups, respectively. The symptoms were not significantly different between the three groups on different treatment days. The mean crusting time was 2.3, 2.4, and 2.6 days in the three groups, and the mean healing time was 7.4, 7.2, and 7.7 days, respectively. Crusting time and healing time were not significantly different between the three groups.ConclusionsAcyclovir nanofiber patches are recommended for accelerating symptom relief in recurrent labial herpes, however, they are not effective in shortening the crusting or healing time.Clinical Trial Registration Number: IRCT20141124020073N2.Registered in: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials (www.irct.ir).

Comparison of topical acyclovir and penciclovir in recurrent herpes labialis treatment

Purpose: The aim of this study is to compare the effects of acyclovir and penciclovir creams in the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis. &#x0D; Materials and Methods: Seventy patients with pre-diagnosed recurrent herpes labialis lesions were enrolled in this study. Diagnosis was confirmed with HSV-1 IgM antibody test. Patients were separated under 2 treatment groups as acyclovir and penciclovir cream. Both agents were applied until complete healing of the lesions was seen. Burning, itching and bleeding scores; time of erythema, vesicles, ulceration, crusting and crust loss of the lesions were recorded. Pain values of the patients were recorded using a visual analog scale (VAS) and DASS-21 scale was used to measure emotional state related to depression, anxiety and stress. &#x0D; Results: Pain level in the acyclovir group was significantly lower than the penciclovir group in the 3rd day, though with no difference in the following days. DASS-21 scores revealed signs of depression on 62.8% of the patients, anxiety on 34.2% of the patients, and stress on 41.4% of the patients in moderate or higher levels. While the pain level was higher in patients with high anxiety severity, it was observed that the pain level was low in patients with high stress intensity.&#x0D; Conclusion: Although it is not possible to cure recurrent herpes labialis completely, any methods and drugs that shorten the healing time of the lesion and reduce pain and discomfort gains importance. Our study showed that acyclovir is superior in reducing pain.

Photodynamic therapy and Acyclovir in the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis: A controlled randomized clinical trial.

Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1) is one of the most widespread infections that can effect the orofacial region. Recurrent infection is considered a life-long oral health problem, leading to pain, discomfort, and social restriction due to esthetic features when active. Effective therapies are needed. This study aimed to compare photodynamic therapy (PDT), Topical Acyclovir (AC), and the association of both in the healing process and self-reported symptomologies of HSV-1 recurrences. Patients were randomly assigned into 3 groups (n = 25): PDT (low-power laser, 660 nm, 40 mW, 120 J/cm2, 4.8 J, 120 s per point) and methylene blue (0.005 %) as photosensitizer; AC (5%); PDT + AC.Data concerning lesion size, healing time, and self-reported healing parameters, such as pain, tingling, and edema were taken every day up to complete healing for all studied groups. There was no significant difference in healing time and pain between groups. AC group showed a significant minor reduction of the lesion compared to the AC-PDT group on day 1. Regarding edema and tingling, the comparison of treatments showed a statistical difference only on day 1, where PDT showed better results. With all the limitations of this study, it can be concluded that only on day 1 PDT showed positive effects in the treatment of herpes lesions in comparison to AC.

TOPICAL DELIVERY OF DRUGS USING ETHOSOMES: A REVIEW

The skin is the largest organ of the human body that restricts the movement of drug to the systemic circulation. Topical drug delivery system is a system where the drug reaches the systemic circulation through the protective layer i.e. skin. The main disadvantage of this route is the low diffusion rate of the drugs which is across the stratum corneum layer of the skin. To overcome this problem to a certain extent, ethosomal delivery for drugs and herbal compounds has been recently introduced. Literature studies indicate that ethosomal formulation of acyclovir shows high therapeutic efficiency with shorter healing time in the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis than conventional Zovirax. Also, the ethosomes of minoxidil enhanced the skin permeation of minoxidil in vitro in comparison to its ethanolic or phospholipid ethanolic micellar solution or hydroethanolic solution. T he advantages of this system include increased drug permeation, increased drug entrapment and improved drug delivery. Ethosomal drug delivery system opens up doors for the development of new and novel therapies for treating male pattern baldness, as it is an easier way to prepare, in addition to its safety and efficacy. In this review article, we have focused on methods of preparation of ethosomes, characterization techniques, applications, details about the various research trials for the management of androgenic alopecia and various ethosomal products in market.

Efficacy of low-level laser therapy in management of recurrent herpes labialis: a systematic review.

Recurrent herpes labialis (RHL) is a highly prevalent viral infection that affects the oro-facial region. Current treatment options have limited efficacy in reducing healing time and recurrence rate of the disease. Recently, low-level laser therapy has been proposed as a potential treatment alternative for the management of RHL with no side effects. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effectiveness of laser therapy in the management and prevention of RHL. A comprehensive search of Medline/PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science was carried out to identify published clinical trials comparing laser intervention to active and/or non-active controls for the treatment of RHL. Due to marked heterogeneity of available data, studies were assessed qualitatively, and no statistical analysis was performed. Of the retrieved 227 articles, six clinical trials met the eligibility criteria. The wavelengths, the power output, and energy density ranged between 632.5-870nm, 5-80W, and 2.04-48J/cm2, respectively. All included studies found laser to be effective in the management and prevention of RHL, without any side effects. The findings of this review suggest that laser is potentially a safe and effective treatment alternative for the management of RHL. However, due to high variability in study designs and inconsistency in laser parameters among the included studies, more well-designed randomized clinical trials with standardized laser parameters are highly warranted.

Composición química del extracto de spilanthes americana

la flor del Spilanthes Americano ha sido comúnmente utilizada para el tratamiento del herpes labial recurrente mediante el uso del extracto de la flor en aceite amarillo, diluido en vaselina o alcohol. Objetivo: identificar y comparar los componentes químicos de la cabezuela de la flor con su diluido en alcohol y vaselina. Método: estudio descriptivo que identificó los componentes químicos de la cabezuela de la flor de Spilanthes americano, y del extracto diluido en vaselina y alcohol, mediante la aplicación de proceso de Espectroscopia Infrarroja Transformada de Fourier. Resultados: se identificaron grupos funcionales comunes a la cabezuela de la flor y a los diluidos en ambos vehículos como los grupos característicos del spilantol (N-isobutil-2,6,8-decatrienamida),compuestos químicos de hidrocarburos alifáticos lineales, gem dimetil, grupos carbonilos, y alquenos insaturados disustituidos. En el Spilanthes americano puro se encontró una amina secundaria, un grupo nitro, un ester, un nitrito y nitrato y azufre en forma de sulfonamida aromática. En los espectros de la muestra del sólido puro y el extracto diluido en vaselina se observaron alquenos insaturados disustituídos con isomería tipo trans, mientras que en el extracto diluido en alcohol se encontró una configuración tipo cis. Conclusiones: el análisis espectroscópico evidenció la presencia de grupos funcionales característicos del compuesto Spilantol, el cual cambió el tipo de isomería trans de la muestra pura y diluida en vaselina a cis en el extracto preparado en alcohol. Se encontraron como compuestos comunes a las 3 muestras azufre, y un grupo funcional orgánico tipo éster.

Efficacy and safety of nucleoside antiviral drugs for treatment of recurrent herpes labialis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of nucleoside antiviral drugs for the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis. Randomized controlled trials that examined the effectiveness and/or safety of nucleoside antiviral drugs for recurrent herpes labialis were identified via a literature search. The parameters used to measure efficacy were time to healing of classic and all lesions, time to resolution of pain, and percentage of aborted lesions. Safety was assessed by evaluating the adverse events reported during treatment. Subgroup analyses based on the mode of application (topical/systemic) and type of nucleoside antiviral drugs were performed, as were sensitivity analyses of studies with a low risk of bias. Our analysis included 16 publications reporting 25 randomized controlled trials (8453 patients). Nucleoside antiviral drugs decreased the time to healing of all lesions (mean difference: -0.74 days; 95% confidence interval: -0.86, -0.62), especially classic lesions (mean difference: -1.09 days; 95% confidence interval: -1.27, -0.92). They also reduced the time to resolution of pain (mean difference: -0.38 days; 95% confidence interval: -0.58, -0.18) and increased the percentage of aborted lesions (rate ratio: 1.15; 95% confidence interval: 1.07, 1.23). Valaciclovir more effectively reduced the time to healing of all lesions and the time to resolution of pain than did aciclovir. Both nucleoside antiviral drugs increased the percentage of aborted lesions, whereas penciclovir and famciclovir did not. Nucleoside antiviral drugs are safe and beneficial for the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis; both systemic and topical formulations are recommended. Valaciclovir is more effective than aciclovir, especially in reducing the time to healing of lesions.

Effectiveness of topical corticosteroids in addition to antiviral therapy in the management of recurrent herpes labialis: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BackgroundRecurrent herpes labialis (RHL) is one of the most common viral infections worldwide. The available treatments have limited efficacy in preventing the recurrence of ulcerative lesions and reducing the duration of illness. The objective of this review was to identify the effectiveness of topical corticosteroids in addition to antiviral therapy in the treatment of RHL infection.MethodsA systematic review of randomized clinical trials comparing the efficacy of combined therapy (topical corticosteroids with antiviral) with placebo or antiviral alone in the management of RHL was conducted. MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, Web of Science, the Cochrane library, and Google Scholar databases were searched. We used RevMan software to conduct the meta-analysis. A fixed-effects model was used for mild to moderate heterogeneity, whereas a random-effects model was used for significant heterogeneity. Heterogeneity among trials was established using I2 and chi-square test for heterogeneity.ResultsFour studies that fulfilled the selection criteria were included in this review. The total number of participants across included studies was 1,891 (range, 29 to 1,443). The antiviral drugs used were acyclovir, famciclovir, and valacyclovir. Corticosteroids used were 1% hydrocortisone and 0.05% fluocinonide. Pooled results showed that patients receiving combined therapy had a significantly lower recurrence rate of ulcerative lesions compared to those in both the placebo group (OR, 0.50; 95% CI, 0.39-0.66; P < .001) and the antiviral treatment alone group (OR, 0.73, 95% CI, 0.58–0.92; P = .007). The healing time was also significantly shorter in combined therapy in comparison to placebo (P < .001). However, there were no significant differences in healing time between combined therapy and antiviral alone. The adverse reactions in combined therapy were not significantly different than the placebo group (OR, 1.09; 95% C, 0.75-1.59; P = .85).ConclusionTreatment with combined therapy is safe and more effective than placebo or antiviral alone for preventing the recurrence of ulcerative lesions in RHL infection.

Laser treatment of recurrent herpes labialis: a literature review

Recurrent herpes labialis is a worldwide life-long oral health problem that remains unsolved. It affects approximately one third of the world population and causes frequent pain and discomfort episodes, as well as social restriction due to its compromise of esthetic features. In addition, the available antiviral drugs have not been successful in completely eliminating the virus and its recurrence. Currently, different kinds of laser treatment and different protocols have been proposed for the management of recurrent herpes labialis. Therefore, the aim of the present article was to review the literature regarding the effects of laser irradiation on recurrent herpes labialis and to identify the indications and most successful clinical protocols. The literature was searched with the aim of identifying the effects on healing time, pain relief, duration of viral shedding, viral inactivation, and interval of recurrence. According to the literature, none of the laser treatment modalities is able to completely eliminate the virus and its recurrence. However, laser phototherapy appears to strongly decrease pain and the interval of recurrences without causing any side effects. Photodynamic therapy can be helpful in reducing viral titer in the vesicle phase, and high-power lasers may be useful to drain vesicles. The main advantages of the laser treatment appear to be the absence of side effects and drug interactions, which are especially helpful for older and immunocompromised patients. Although these results indicate a potential beneficial use for lasers in the management of recurrent herpes labialis, they are based on limited published clinical trials and case reports. The literature still lacks double-blind controlled clinical trials verifying these effects and such trials should be the focus of future research.

High-Intensity Laser and Photodynamic Therapy as a Treatment for Recurrent Herpes Labialis

The aim of this study was to report the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis (RHL) using a high-intensity laser or methylene blue (MB)-mediated photodynamic therapy (PDT) in combination with low-level laser therapy (LLLT). Four clinical cases of patients diagnosed with RHL are described in this report. Two patients were subjected to high-intensity laser therapy (HILT) followed by LLLT, and two patients received MB-mediated PDT, again followed by LLLT. LLLT was conducted at 24, 48, 72 h, and 7 d after HILT or PDT. Patients were followed up after 6 mo. Throughout the follow-up period, all patients reported pain relief and did not show any signs or symptoms of RHL. A favorable healing process was observed in all cases. None of the patients reported pain as a consequence of the treatment. These results suggest that HILT and MB-mediated PDT, in combination with LLLT, may constitute a benefit when treating vesicles in RHL.

Prevention of Ulcerative Lesions by Episodic Treatment of Recurrent Herpes Labialis: A Literature Review

There are substantial difficulties involved in carrying out clinical studies of recurrent herpes labialis, since the disease has a rapid onset, short-lasting viral shedding period and is rapidly self-healing. The aim of this paper was to critically assess published reports of episodic treatment of herpes labialis and to review biological and methodological problems involved in such studies. Limited, but statistically significant, results have been shown with topical antivirals, such as acyclovir and penciclovir, improving healing times by approximately 10%. Orally administrated antivirals, such as valaciclovir and famciclovir, have subsequently found clinical use. However, these two oral medications have different profiles in phase 3 studies. Famciclovir showed additional improvement of efficacy in terms of lesion healing time, but no effect on prevention of ulcerative lesions, while valaciclovir appeared to have similar efficacy to that of acyclovir cream on lesion healing, but some additional efficacy with respect to prevention of ulcerative lesions. A formulation of acyclovir/hydrocortisone showed further improvement in prevention of ulcerative lesions, while retaining efficacy with respect to lesion healing.

Safety, tolerability, and pharmacokinetics of topical NB-001 (0.1%, 0.3%, and 0.5%) for the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis

METHODS 0 (0.0%) 1 (0.8%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) Subjects with Serious AEs 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) Subjects with AEs leading to discontinuation of drug 1 (0.9%) 0 (0.0%) 1(0.9%) 0 (0.0%) Subjects with drug-related AEs 7 (6.0%) 8 (6.6%) 9 (7.8%) 8 (6.2%) 2 (2.7%) 1 (0.8%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) Application Site Reaction 4 (3.4%) 2 (1.7%) 1 (0.9%) 0 (0.0%) Second Herpes Lesion 7 (6.0%) 9 (7.4%) 11 (9.5%) 13 (10.1%) Nasopharyngitis 4 (3.4%) 1 (0.8%) 0 (0.0%) 1 (0.8%) Headache 1 (0.9%) 3 (2.5%) 3 (2.6%) 0 (0.0%) Shoulder Pain 3 (2.6%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) 0 (0.0%) Background: NB-001 is a topically applied oil-in-water emulsion containing high energy nanometer-sized droplets that permeate skin pores and hair follicles to enter the epidermis and dermis where they kill virus on contact. At 180 nm, the droplets are excluded by tight junctions between epithelial cells and thus do not disrupt tissue matrices or enter blood vessels. This minimizes skin irritation and systemic absorption. We assessed the reported adverse events (AEs) including skin irritation and systemic drug absorption of 3 concentrations of NB-001 (0.1%, 0.3% and 0.5%) compared to vehicle. Method: 484 subjects with recurrent herpes labialis were randomized to NB-001 (0.1%, 0.3%, 0.5%) or vehicle. Subjects applied 200 µL of medication 5 times daily for a maximum of 4 days. Safety, including dermal irritation, was evaluated daily by AE query. A subset of subjects had pharmacokinetic sampling following application of medication to an open lesion (Day 3 �1 day). Samples were analyzed for circulating levels of a marker for the nanoemulsion using a validated HPLC method (limit of detection 1 ng/mL). Results: 482 subjects started treatment and were included in the safety population. There were no deaths, no serious AEs, no significant drug-related AE and no subjects to moderate in severity and as expected for this population. The most commonly reported AE was a second cold sore lesion, reported in 8% of subjects. Overall, all active treatments were well tolerated with only 1 subject in the 0.1% NB-001 group reporting application site irritation. There were negligible levels of active ingredient detected in plasma samples following topical application of NB-001, indicating a lack of systemic absorption. Conclusions: There were no significant safety or dermal irritation concerns in any of the treatment groups and pharmacokinetic sampling indicated no significant systemic absorption. NB-001 is safe and well tolerated in subjects with recurrent herpes labialis.

Silica gel is as effective as acyclovir cream in patients with recurrent herpes labialis: Results of a randomized, open‐label trial

Objective: To compare silica gel with acyclovir cream in the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis. Methods: In this randomized, open‐label, comparator‐controlled trial, 74 patients with recurrent herpes labialis applied silica gel or acyclovir cream respectively over a period of 10 days. The treatment started within 24 hours of the first symptoms of a new recurrence. Patients rated five symptoms (tautness, tingling, itching, burning sensation, pain), lesion stage, efficacy, tolerability, and duration until the onset of improvement. Their willingness‐to‐pay was assessed. Physicians rated the severity of the herpes recurrence and efficacy. Results: There was no significant difference between silica gel and acyclovir cream in the overall patients' assessment. There is evidence that silica gel relieved all investigated symptoms earlier than acyclovir cream. The efficacy and tolerability of both medications were rated as good to very good. Conclusions: Silica gel was as effective in the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis as acyclovir and equally well tolerated and tended to take effect more quickly. Therefore, silica gel could prove a useful alternative to topical acyclovir.

Use of deception to achieve double-blinding in a clinical trial of Melaleuca alternifolia (tea tree) oil for the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis

Double-blinding is an important and widely implemented feature of clinical trials although its success is rarely assessed. In a randomized, placebo-controlled trial of tea tree oil, an aromatic essential oil, for the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis (RHL), or cold sores, deception was used to prevent volunteers from identifying their treatment allocation. Volunteers received placebo ( n = 102) or tea tree oil ( n = 112) ointment in preparation for their next episode of RHL and were told, falsely, that the aroma of the ointments had been changed to prevent identification of the treatment group. At the trial's end, of the volunteers who had used their ointment and presented for treatment assessment ( n = 100), approximately 50% correctly guessed their treatment allocation ( P = 0.774). Amongst volunteers that had not presented for treatment assessment ( n = 114), 12 volunteers did not provide blinding data and 46 did not open their tube. For the 56 volunteers who opened their tube, less than half of those receiving tea tree oil (44.4%) and only a small proportion of those on placebo (17.2%) were able to correctly identify their treatment allocation. Among the volunteers that were not treated, the P-value was 0.083. This study showed that the ethical use of deception may provide effective blinding in challenging circumstances.

Are all aciclovir cream formulations bioequivalent?

Topical aciclovir cream (ACV, Zovirax Cream) containing 40% propylene glycol (PG), the optimum found for skin penetration, is clinically effective in the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis. One hundred and thirty-nine ACV generic creams were analysed and 80% of these contained less than 20% PG. From this, we hypothesised that these generics might be bioinequivalent to the innovator cream. A pilot in vitro skin permeation study compared the innovator cream with two generics containing about 15% PG. Next, 10 generics containing 0–15% PG were tested in an independent laboratory. Finally, a PG dose-ranging study was conducted in Zovirax cream base. In all studies, human skin was used and ACV analysed by LC-MS-MS. In the pilot study, the innovator cream delivered 7.5-fold more ACV than the two generics. Superiority was confirmed in the second study against all 10 ACV generic creams. By grouping the creams according to PG content, a relationship to ACV skin permeation was suggested. The PG dose effect was confirmed in the third study. These studies suggest that not all marketed ACV creams are bioequivalent to the clinically proven innovator. Given the magnitude of the differences seen, there is concern over therapeutic inequivalence of generic ACV creams to the innovator cream.

Topical treatment of recurrent herpes labialis

Oral DiseasesVolume 7, Issue 1 p. 1-1 Topical treatment of recurrent herpes labialis A Pedersen, A Pedersen Nørre Søgade, DK-1370, Copenhagen K, DenmarkSearch for more papers by this author A Pedersen, A Pedersen Nørre Søgade, DK-1370, Copenhagen K, DenmarkSearch for more papers by this author First published: 07 July 2008 https://doi.org/10.1034/j.1601-0825.2001.70101.x Dr A Pedersen, 41 Nørre Søgade, DK-1370, Copenhagen K, Denmark. E-mail: anne.l.pedersen@mail.tele.dk, Tel: 00 45 46 73 39 88, Fax: 00 45 46 73 39 87 Read the full textAboutPDF ToolsRequest permissionExport citationAdd to favoritesTrack citation ShareShare Give accessShare full text accessShare full-text accessPlease review our Terms and Conditions of Use and check box below to share full-text version of article.I have read and accept the Wiley Online Library Terms and Conditions of UseShareable LinkUse the link below to share a full-text version of this article with your friends and colleagues. Learn more.Copy URL Share a linkShare onFacebookTwitterLinkedInRedditWechat No abstract is available for this article. Volume7, Issue1January 2001Pages 1-1 RelatedInformation

Recurrent herpes labialis: efficacy of topical therapy with penciclovir compared with acyclovir (aciclovir)

This study compares the effects of topical acyclovir and penciclovir in the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis. The study patients were a population of 40 patients with in excess of five recurrences annually, and were separated into four homogeneous groups each of 10 subjects. The antiviral creams were used to achieve total lesional cover, every 2 h during waking hours. The effects on the time to lesion crusting and to resolution of pain, were assessed. The results not only confirmed that aciclovir is ineffective, but confirmed that penciclovir is effective, and that penciclovir is superior to aciclovir.

Recurrent herpes labialis: efficacy of topical therapy with penciclovir compared with acyclovir (aciclovir)

This study compares the effects of topical acyclovir and penciclovir in the treatment of recurrent herpes labialis. The study patients were a population of 40 patients with in excess of five recurrences annually, and were separated into four homogeneous groups each of 10 subjects. The antiviral creams were used to achieve total lesional cover, every 2 h during waking hours. The effects on the time to lesion crusting and to resolution of pain, were assessed. The results not only confirmed that aciclovir is ineffective, but confirmed that penciclovir is effective, and that penciclovir is superior to aciclovir.