Treatment Of High-strength Effluents Research Articles

Influence of heavy metal Cr (VI) containing effluents on anaerobic microbiome in a novel hybrid anaerobic reactor: Linking with reactor performance for enhanced treatment

The study investigated anaerobic treatment of high strength effluents polluted with Cr (VI), in hybrid anaerobic reactor (HAR) developed at IIT Delhi. Performance was evaluated by a time-course analysis, conducted for two different phases i.e. granulation and treatment, linked with the microbiome dynamics. During granulation higher methane was generated while, it was substantially hindered during the second phase. Genera with degradation abilities were identified viz- Methanobacterium, Clostridium, Halorhodospira, Oscillibacter, Pseudomonas, Stenotrophomonas, Methylobacterium. Bioaugmentation with such keystone species will help maintain microbially active centers. The findings indicated extreme bacterial reduction (R = −0.986, CI = 0), coupled with hindered acidogenesis. Methanomicrobiales prevailed in the treating phase while, aceticlastic families flourished during granulation. Further, non-metric multidimensional scaling, principal component analysis explored the interactions between environmental, microbial and chemical variables. With the focus on the applicability of anaerobic treatment with tannery-type of effluents, the study provided a comprehensive investigation for superior monitoring.

Concentrated wastewater treatment studies using an anaerobic hybrid reactor

The treatment performance of an anaerobic hybrid reactor was investigated for different types of concentrated wastewater using a laboratory scale model reactor. Its performance was first examined using synthetic wastewater at different hydraulic retention times (0.5, 1 and 2 days) and organic loading rates (1–10 kg chemical oxygen demand (COD) m −3 per day) over 2 years. COD removal efficiencies ranging from 77 to 90% were achieved. Baker's yeast and meat processing industry wastewater was fed to the model reactor, consecutively. HRT and OLR values were 2 days—9.0 kg COD m −3 per day and 2 days—1.0 kg COD m −3 per day, and about 78 and 75% COD removal efficiency was obtained for yeast and meat industry wastewater, respectively. The methane content of the biogas produced was about 58, 58, and 70% for synthetic, yeast industry and meat processing wastewater, respectively. The organic matter removal efficiency of the reactor indicated that this type of reactor is suitable for treatment of high strength effluent.

Anaerobic Treatment of Low, Medium and High Strength Effluent in the Agro-industry

Based on the widely applied UASB system for anaerobic wastewater treatment a new generation of more advanced anaerobic reactor systems have recently been developed, according to the so-called expanded sludge bed concept. A successful version of this concept is the Internal Circulation (IC) reactor, characterized by the biogas separation in two stages within a reactor with a high height/diameter ratio and the gas-driven internal effluent circulation. The IC system can handle high upflow liquid and gas velocities, which makes treatment of low strength effluents at short hydraulic retention times, as well as treatment of high strength effluents at very high volumetric loading rates feasible. During the past years the IC technology has been successfully applied at full scale on a variety of industrial wastewaters. This article describes the design and operational results of three full scale anaerobic treatment plants with Internal Circulation reactors treating low, medium and high strength effluents from a dairy industry, food processing plant and brewery respectively.

Anaerobic treatment of low, medium and high strength effluent in the agro-industry

Based on the widely applied UASB system for anaerobic wastewater treatment a new generation of more advanced anaerobic reactor systems have recently been developed, according to the so-called expanded sludge bed concept. A successful version of this concept is the Internal Circulation (IC) reactor, characterized by the biogas separation in two stages within a reactor with a high height/diameter ratio and the gas-driven internal effluent circulation. The IC system can handle high upflow liquid and gas velocities, which makes treatment of low strength effluents at short hydraulic retention times, as well as treatment of high strength effluents at very high volumetric loading rates feasible. During the past years the IC technology has been successfully applied at full scale on a variety of industrial wastewaters. This article describes the design and operational results of three full scale anaerobic treatment plants with Internal Circulation reactors treating low, medium and high strength effluents from a dairy industry, food processing plant and brewery respectively.