Treatment Of Gynecologic Infections Research Articles

Antibakterijska aktivnost eteričnog ulja Origanum compactum testirana na vaginalnim i cervikalnim kliničkim bakterijskim izolatima

Origanum compactum (O. compactum) is an endemic Moroccan medicinal herb. Numerous studies have shown that O. compactum organic extracts, essential oil and its main components possess a broader spectrum of pharmacological and therapeutic activities such as antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant and antitumour activity. This research was designed to examine the antibacterial activity of O. compactum essential oil tested on clinical bacterial strains isolated from vaginal and cervical swabs. First, antibacterial activity was tested against standard bacterial cultures: Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 25923, Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 51299, Escherichia coli ATCC 25922, and after that on clinical strains. For testing the antibacterial activity, agar diffusion and microdilution methods were used. The inhibition zones (IZ) for standard bacterial cultures were from 31.0 ± 0.57 mm to 35.0 ± 1.15 mm. The minimum inhibitory concentracion (MIC) for essential oil was tested using the broth dilution method. The values were in the range of 0.098 mg/ml - 1.562 mg/ml. O. compactum essential oil provided strong antibacterial activity for all tested microorganisms. The antibacterial activity of essential oil depends largely on the main components: carvacrol and thymol. Clinical isolates, which are more resistant in comparison with laboratory strains, are almost equally sensible to O. compactum essential oil. This essential oil could be an ideal replacement for conventional antimicrobial products, especially if we consider the increasing resistance to implemented antibiotics. In the future, O. compactum essential oil could be an option in the treatment of gynecological infections.

Peptidomic Analysis of Female Reproductive Tract Secretion to Identify Putative Anti-Infection Peptides in the Female Genital System via Nanotechnologies.

The female genital system infections have high-incidence among various gynecological diseases. The role of endogenous peptides in female reproductive tract secretion has been rarely investigated regarding gynecological infections. To identify gynecological infections associated endogenous peptides, a comparative peptidomic profiling of vaginal secretion from sexually mature and perimenopause women was conducted in this study using nanoflow liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer. A total of 3096 peptide fragments originating from 1364 precursor proteins were identified, 102 of which were discrepantly expressed, which included 60 over-expressed peptides and 42 under-expressed peptides in the sexually mature group compared with the perimenopause group. 6 differentially expressed bioactive peptides were identified to be related to immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infections, human papillomavirus (HPV) infections, bacterial vaginosis (BV) and vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC). MUC4, MUC5A, MUC5B, MUC6, MUC17 and MUC19 peptides originating from mucin family were identified to enhance vaginal mucous immunity against infections. Moreover, with remarkable development of biomedical nanotechnology, the identified potential anti-infection peptides in our study will be useful in diagnosis and treatment of gynecological infections, especially when combined with nanoparticles. In conclusion, our findings will fill the gap on peptidomics for female genital system infections and pave the way for future studies about reproductive tract diseases management.

Military women’s perspectives on health care during deployment

Approximately 367,000 women serve in the U.S. military and regularly deploy with their units to austere military environments. A survey was used to describe 841 military women’s perceptions about the health care provider that is available them during deployment and their perceptions of barriers to adequate diagnosis and treatment of gynecologic infections in these austere environments. The study findings have implications for military provider training, sick call policy, predeployment training, and development of self-care alternatives for military women during deployment.

Sulbactam/ampicillin versus cefoxitin in the treatment of gynaecological infections: an antibiotic therapeutic study

Seventy-six women with gynaecological infections such as endometritis, salpingitis, tubo-ovarian abscess and pelvic peritonitis were treated with sulbactam/ampicillin (SBT/AMP) (50% of patients) or cefoxitin (CFN) (50% of patients) in a randomized, controlled study. The diagnosis was based on the history, clinical findings and microbiological culture findings. The disease was assumed to be of bacterial origin if leukocytosis was present with a left shift or if the causative organism was identified. Of the group of patients treated with SBT/AMP, 33 (87%) were cured and 4 (10.5%) showed improvement; 1 patient (2.5%) failed to respond to treatment. The equivalent figures for the CFN group were: 30 patients (79%) cured, 4 (10.5%) showed improvement and 4 (10.5%) failed to respond to treatment. The causative organism was eradicated in 29 (91%) patients in the SBT/AMP group and 20 (59%) patients in the CFN group. Reinfection occurred in 1 (3%) patient in the SBT/AMP group and 4 (12%) patients in the CFN group. The causative organism persisted in 1 (3%) patient in the SBT/AMP group and 4(12%) patients in the CFN group. The superiority of SBT/AMP in microbiological terms was statistically significant, but the superiority of SBT/AMP in terms of clinical efficacy was not. The combination of SBT and AMP was efficacious and well tolerated in the treatment of gynaecological infections. This combination offers the advantage of being effective against Streptococcus faecalis and β-lactamase producing organisms.

Sulbactam/ampicillin versus cefoxitin in the treatment of gynaecological infections: an antibiotic therapeutic study

Sulbactam/ampicillin versus cefoxitin in the treatment of gynaecological infections: an antibiotic therapeutic study

Clinical Experience with OPC-17116 in the Treatment of Gynaecological Infections and Its Penetration into Gynaecological Tissues

Clinical Experience with OPC-17116 in the Treatment of Gynaecological Infections and Its Penetration into Gynaecological Tissues

Penetration of Cefonicid into Serum, Salpinges, Cervix and Vaginal Tissue

Cefonicid is a new cephalosporin that, given in adequate concentrations is able to kill some pathogens such as Gram-positive cocci and many Enterobacteriaceae. In this study we have evaluated 40 patients receiving 1 g of cefonicid i.m. at various times before abdominal or vaginal hysterectomy. The results of the present study indicate that a single dose of 1 g of cefonicid given intramuscularly is useful as prophylaxis and treatment of gynecological infections.

In-vitro activity of pristinamycin and its components against Gram-negative anaerobic bacilli and Gardnerella vaginalis

The comparative in-vitro activities of pristinamycin, its components pristinamycins I and IIA, erythromycin, clindamycin and metronidazole were studied against 174 clinical isolates of Gram-negative anaerobic bacilli and 24 strains of Gardnerella vaginalis. Susceptibilities were determined with an agar-dilution method. Against Bacteroides and Fusobacterium, pristinamycin was slightly less active than both clindamycin and metronidazole and more active than erythromycin. Against G. vaginalis, the activity of pristinamycin was similar to that of clindamycin and slightly inferior to that of erythromycin. Both pristinamycins I and IIA alone were generally inactive against the strains tested. Additionally, MICs for the B. fragilis group determined by a broth microdilution technique were one to two log2 lower than MICs obtained by agar-dilution. The bactericidal activity of pristinamycin and clindamycin was moderate and varied according to the strains tested. The chequerboard broth microdilution test against 20 strains of the B. fragilis group confirmed the synergy between pristinamycins I and IIA at every PI/PIIA ratio. Along with the activity against Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis, Mycoplasma and both aerobic and anaerobic Gram-positive bacteria, our results suggest that pristinamycin could be an effective drug in the treatment of gynaecological infections.

Aminoglycosides in gynecologic infections

Animoglycosides have always had a major role in the treatment of gynecologic infections. This therapeutic emphasis has been based upon the bactericidal activity of the aminoglycosides against gram-negative aerobes. This group of organisms is important to the gynecologist because of their frequent isolation from soft tissue, urinary sites, and the bloodstream in women with nosocomial or community-acquired pelvic infections. In the past decade, there has been increasing clinical awareness of the multi-bacterial nature of these soft tissue pelvic infections. A major therapeutic change directed against gram-negative anaerobes has been the substitution of more effective agents like clindamycin or metronidazole for the penicillin arm of the older penicillin-aminoglycoside combination. The majority of intra-abdominal and pelvic infections treated by gynecologists occur in patients who are younger and usually healthier than those with similar infections who are treated by general surgeons. Consequently, in many instances, single drug therapy with a cephalosporin (usually cefoxitin) is adequate, if combined with surgical drainage when indicated. However, there is an increasingly larger group of patients who are significantly older and who may also have pelvic malignancies. In addition, they may be immunocompromised. Infections in this group mandate the use of the most effective antimicrobial agents that will cover the broadest spectrum. When anaerobic bacteria are involved, either clindamycin or metronidazole are acceptable choices; for aerobic gram-negative organisms, an aminoglycoside should be used. Recent studies suggest that amikacin may be the best choice, since it is associated with a low level of bacterial resistance and has been shown to reduce levels of resistance to other aminoglycosides. Amikacin has become the “gold standard” for comparisons with any new cephalosporins or penicillins. New developments will modify the use of aminoglycosides in the future. The expansion of oncology care with immune-system-modifying chemotherapy and radiation will expose patients to the dangers of gram-negative sepsis. Aminoglycosides are a logical part of the initial therapeutic regimen for these septic patients. On the other hand, the majority of gynecologic patients with pelvic infections are young and healthy. Recent studies have demonstrated that as many as 40 percent of these women will be underdosed by standard treatment regimens based upon ideal body weight. This means that patients receiving aminoglycosides will require monitoring of peak and trough levels to insure therapeutic drug levels. In serious gynecologic infections, especially those that are life-threatening, a known effective agent such as amikacin should be employed as part of the combined therapy of the infection. The current treatment role of aminoglycosides in salpingitis and post-gynecologic surgical infections is discussed in this article.

Temocillin treatment of gynaecological infections with special reference to blood and tissue concentrations.

Tissue concentrations of temocillin were determined in samples from gynaecological surgical patients. Measurable concentrations of temocillin were observed during the entire time period investigated (up to 7 hours post administration). Inhibitory concentrations for the majority of susceptible bacteria were achieved. The therapeutic results observed in 40 patients with various infections (90% fully effective, 5% partially effective) confirm the high efficacy of temocillin in the treatment of gynaecological infections.

Treatment of gynecological infections with sisomicin

Treatment of gynecological infections with sisomicin

Fosfomycin in the treatment of gynecological infections.

Here we present the results obtained in the treatment with fosfomycin of 58 patients of diverse obstetric-gynecological infections manifested by clinical symptomology and by the initial isolation of 70 strains of different germs, all of them sensitive to this antibiotic. The types of infections were urinary, abdominal wall, perennial septicemias, and endometritis; 45 of them motivated by or resulting from pregnancy, and the remaining 13 from gynecological causes. The most frequent treatment was 1 g/6h during 10 days, using sodium salt intramuscularly in 33 cases, and calcium salt taken orally in 26. The clinical results were good in 50 cases (86.2%) with improvement in 3 (5.1%) and persistency of the infection in 5. The bacteriological evolution was good on 34 occasions (58.6%), partial in 4 (6.8%), and poor in 6 (10.3%). In 14 cases no control could be made since the wound healed. The tolerance to the antibiotic was good and no manifestations of toxicity were observed.

Effect of intravenous oleandomycin in the treatment of gynecological infections

Effect of intravenous oleandomycin in the treatment of gynecological infections