Treatment Of Gastroenteritis In Children Research Articles

Outcomes of ondansetron use in children with gastroenteritis in the emergency department: a literature review.

In the UK, the use of antiemetics in children with gastroenteritis is not standardised. The antiemetic ondansetron is often administered, in clinical practice, to children presenting with gastroenteritis. However, it is not listed in the British National Formulary for Children for use in gastroenteritis and it is not included in the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence algorithm for the management of gastroenteritis in children under 5 years. This article discusses the findings of a literature review of the outcomes of ondansetron use in children with gastroenteritis in the emergency department. The article concludes that ondansetron appears to be a beneficial and useful adjunct to the treatment of gastroenteritis in children.

The Effectiveness of Pleuran in Treatment of Acute Gastroenteritis in Children

The Effectiveness of Pleuran in Treatment of Acute Gastroenteritis in Children

Diagnosis and treatment of eosinophilic gastroenteritis in children: A report of 10 cases and literature review

Diagnosis and treatment of eosinophilic gastroenteritis in children: A report of 10 cases and literature review

The Prevalence of Rotavirus and Adenovirus in the Childhood Gastroenteritis.

BackgroundAcute gastroenteritis stemming from viral causes is very common during the childhood period. Rotavirus and enteric adenovirus are the most common factors of acute gastroenteritis encountered in infants and children. However, the epidemiology of rotavirus and enteric adenovirus gastroenteritis in the east Anatolia region is not well-known.ObjectivesWe aimed to evaluate the relationship between the distribution of antigen positivity in rotavirus and enteric adenovirus antigen tests required cases and demographic data retrospectively in pediatric patients admitted to our hospital.Patients and MethodsThe records of stool sample analyses for 1154 patients admitted to our hospital from June 2011 to December 2011 with complaints of diarrhea were retrospectively examined. The presence of rotavirus and enteric adenovirus antigens in stool specimens was investigated by means of an immunochromatographic test.ResultsViral antigens were detected in 327 (28.3%) stool specimens out of 1154. Among the positive results, the frequency was 73.7% for rotavirus and 26.2% for adenovirus. While the detected rotavirus antigen rate was high for all age groups, it was highest for children under the age of 2, with a rate of 57.1%. Moreover, the rotavirus infections were observed at a rate of 44.3% in winter and of 24.6% in autumn.ConclusionsThe most important factor in childhood acute gastroenteritis in east Anatolia is the rotavirus. Rotavirus and adenovirus antigens should be routinely investigated as a factor in fresh stool samples for the accurate diagnosis and treatment of gastroenteritis in children in the winter and autumn months.

Análisis de costo efectividad de ondansetrón para el tratamiento del vómito en niños menores de cinco años con gastroenteritis en Colombia

IntroductionOndansetron reduces hospitalization rates for diarrhea and vomiting in children, but is not yet routinely used. ObjectiveTo estimate from a social perspective the relative cost-effectiveness of ondansetron for the treatment of vomiting in children with gastroenteritis and at risk of dehydration in Colombia. MethodsCost-effectiveness analysis from a social perspective, including direct medical costs and costs for caregivers. With a decision tree we compared costs and health outcomes of usual treatment without antiemetic to usual treatment plus ondansetron in children under 5 years with gastroenteritis and vomiting. Effectiveness of intervention was measured as reduction in hospitalization rates, and the time horizon of the model was the episode. Probabilities were obtained from clinical trials and systematic reviews, measurement of resources use was based on protocols and expert opinions, while unit costs were obtained from Colombian tariff manuals. We performed a survey to estimate indirect costs for caregivers (n=81) that included questions about wage loss, transportation, meals expenditures and other out-of-pocket payments. Deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analyses were performed. ResultsUsual treatment plus ondansetron is a dominant strategy compared to usual treatment without antiemetic yielding fewer hospitalizations and saving $44.562 Colombian pesos (23,98USD) per episode. Ondansetron was dominant in 98,91% of simulations of the probabilistic analysis. ConclusionsOndansetron is a dominant intervention that reduces hospitalization rates and costs for health system and caregivers. We recommend assessing the inclusion of this drug in the Colombian Health Benefit Plan for the treatment of gastroenteritis in children under 5 years.

Quantitative Risk from Fluoroquinolone-Resistant Salmonella and Campylobacter Due to Treatment of Dairy Heifers with Enrofloxacin for Bovine Respiratory Disease

The objective of this study was to evaluate the human health impact of using fluoroquinolones to treat bovine respiratory disease (BRD) in dairy heifers less than 20 months of age. Specifically, this study quantified the probability of persistent symptoms in humans treated with a fluoroquinolone, for a fluoroquinolone-resistant Campylobacter, Salmonella, or multidrug-resistant (MDR) Salmonella infection acquired following the consumption of ground beef. To comply with a Food and Drug Administration requirement for approval of enrofloxacin use in dairy heifers, a binomial event tree was constructed following Food and Drug Administration guidance 152. Release was estimated from the slaughter of dairy cattle carrying fluoroquinolone-resistant bacteria attributed to the proposed use in dairy heifers. For exposure, human foodborne exposure to Campylobacter, Salmonella, and MDR Salmonella after consumption of ground beef was estimated. The consequence assessment included illness, fluoroquinolone treatment, and persistent symptoms in patients treated with a fluoroquinolone. Using best available data to estimate the parameters and probabilities of each event, stochastic simulation was used to represent uncertainty and variability in many of the parameters. A scenario analysis was performed to evaluate the uncertainty of the following parameters: (1) probability of resistance development in treated animals, (2) portion of illnesses attributable to ground beef, and (3) probability of persistent symptoms in patients 18 years of age and over treated with a fluoroquinolone. The population at risk was restricted to people 18 years of age and over, as fluoroquinolones are not labeled for treatment of gastroenteritis in children. The mean annual increased risk of cases in the U.S. population (18 years of age and over) where compromised fluoroquinolone treatment resulted in persistent symptoms was estimated to be 1 in 61 billion (one case every 293 years) for Salmonella, 1 in 33 billion (one case every 158 years) for MDR Salmonella, and 1 in 2.8 billion (one case every 13 years) for Campylobacter.

Early Versus Late Re-Feeding in the Treatment of Acute Gastroenteritis in Children: A Systematic Review

Early Versus Late Re-Feeding in the Treatment of Acute Gastroenteritis in Children: A Systematic Review

Treatment of Gastroenteritis in Children: Possible Risk of Reye's Syndrome?

Treatment of Gastroenteritis in Children: Possible Risk of Reye's Syndrome?

Treatment of gastroenteritis in children.

Mortality and morbidity in gastroenteritis in children is the result of fluid loss, acid-base and electrolyte imbalance. Hence therapy should be aimed at preventing or correcting this imbalance. The use of intestinal antibiotics to treat the condition should not be a routine, but parenteral antibiotic therapy in the presence of septicaemia is mandatory.