Transurethral Resection Of A Bladder Tumor Research Articles

Current Potential for Outpatient Care in Urology: What the IGES Report Means if Applied to Real Data

The hospital reform initiated through an expert opinion of the German research institute IGES places great emphasis on the aspect of outpatient care. In this context, the current IGES guidelines extend further than has previously been the case. There are only very isolated instances where this theoretical potential has been translated into practical application in urology. This study aims to reflect the theoretical potential calculated using real data from urology with a view to practical application. Using the algorithm of the "Hospital Structure Navigator" of DKTIG (Deutsche Krankenhaus TrustCenter und Informationsverarbeitung GmbH), focused on the extension of the AOP (Ambulatory Operations and Procedures) catalogue, section-21 data of the year 2022 from the Clinic for Urology at the University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein was analysed. The inclusion and exclusion criteria provided by IGES were applied, along with a limitation of the length of stay to two days and a minimum case number of 30 cases per year. Since this resulted in a very low potential for target DRGs (Diagnosis-Related Groups), the criteria were further modified. With this approach, a plausibility check for the outpatient treatment capability of identified cases was conducted. After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, only one applicable DRG (L18B) emerged, but with the expanded criteria, eight DRGs were identified. From the case flat rates determined, three appropriate OPS codes were identified:1.) Ureterorenoscopic removal of stones from the kidney with lithotripsy (5-550.31)2.) Transurethral resection of a bladder tumour, not fluorescence-supported (5-573.40)3.) Bougienage of a ureter, transurethral (5-560.2) CONCLUSION: With the current set of criteria defined by IGES for urology, no significant outpatient potential can be achieved. However, the expansion of criteria has uncovered areas that could be well implemented with a broader set of criteria and are currently seen more systematically in the realm of measures replacing inpatient procedures or hybrid DRGs. In addition to the need to clarify the fundamental outpatient feasibility of the methods on an individual case basis, there are limitations here, especially for multimorbid populations. Therefore, in expanding the catalogue, the legislator must take into account the higher risk and monitoring effort required for these patients.

Assessing Trifecta and Pentafecta Success Rates between Robot-Assisted vs. Open Radical Cystectomy: A Propensity Score-Matched Analysis.

This study aimed to evaluate the surgical and oncological outcomes of robot-assisted radical cystectomy (RARC) versus open radical cystectomy (ORC) using trifecta and pentafecta parameters. The clinical data of 41 patients who underwent RARC between 2018 and 2022 were prospectively collected and retrospectively compared to those of 330 patients undergoing ORC using 1:1 propensity score matching. Trifecta was defined as simultaneous negative surgical margins (SMs), a lymph node (LN) yield ≥ 16, and the absence of major complications (Clavien-Dindo grade III-V) within 90 days postoperatively. Pentafecta additionally included a 12-month recurrence-free rate and a time between the transurethral resection of a bladder tumor (TURBT) and radical cystectomy (RC) ≤ 3 months. The continuous variables were compared using the Mann-Whitney U test, and the categorical variables were analyzed using the chi-squared test. No statistically significant differences in trifecta and pentafecta success rates were observed between the RARC and ORC cohorts after propensity score matching. However, the RARC group exhibited significantly reduced blood loss (RARC: 317 mL vs. ORC: 525 mL, p = 0.01). RARC offers distinct advantages over ORC in terms of reduced blood loss, while trifecta and pentafecta success rates do not differ significantly between the two surgical approaches.

Abstract 3669: Clinical application of urinary DNA methylation biomarkers for identifying patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer

Abstract Introduction Differences in DNA methylation along cell-free DNA (cfDNA) fragments are known to exist between cancer patients and healthy individuals. Profiling these aberrant methylation patterns in urinary cfDNA (ucfNDA) holds great promise for the non-invasive detection and monitoring of bladder tumors, including non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). Here, we analyzed fragment-level DNA methylation patterns in urine samples obtained prior to repeat transurethral resection of a bladder tumor (reTURBT) from a cohort of NMIBC patients. The results were compared to traditional clinical disease assessment and mutation-based tumor fractions. We found a strong concordance between DNA methylation abnormality and clinical diagnosis, as well as tumor fractions, highlighting the potential of epigenetic alterations as a non-invasive indicator of bladder cancer status. Methods Patients with high-risk NMIBC (n = 30) were prospectively enrolled prior to reTURBT. The PredicineEPIC™ genome-wide methylation analysis and PredicineBEACON™ MRD profiling was performed on pre-repeat TURBT urine samples. Abnormally methylated genomic fragments were detected against a background model built from a panel of plasma samples from healthy donors. Results DNA methylation abnormality was significantly higher (p = 4.8 × 10−6) in samples classified as NIMBC positive by a clinical pathologist (n = 19) compared to negative samples (n = 11), as well as compared to hold-out healthy donor samples (n=24; p = 7.0 × 10−9). Classifying the samples based on a DNA methylation score cut-off derived from healthy donor samples, 24/30 samples showed concordant disease status. Furthermore, DNA methylation abnormality scores correlated positively with mutation-based tumor fractions (r = 0.62), with higher grade samples showing a stronger correlation (r = 0.81; n = 13) than lower grade samples (r = 0.54; n = 17). Conclusion We demonstrate the utility of methylation patterns extracted ucfDNA samples obtained prior to reTURBT to detect and monitor NMIBC. Urinary DNA methylation patterns were highly concordant with clinical pathology status and as well as tumor fractions determined from mutation analysis. Citation Format: Giancarlo Bonora, Ziqi Zhu, Billie Gould, Binggang Xiang, Kemin Zhou, Shidong Jia, Roger Li, Pan Du. Clinical application of urinary DNA methylation biomarkers for identifying patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2024; Part 1 (Regular Abstracts); 2024 Apr 5-10; San Diego, CA. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2024;84(6_Suppl):Abstract nr 3669.

Case 322: Pyothorax-associated Lymphoma.

An 81-year-old man living in South Korea was referred to the pulmonology clinic because of abnormal findings at routine surveillance CT. His past medical history included right radical nephroureterectomy for ureteral cancer in 2016, transurethral resection of a bladder tumor in 2015, and tuberculous pleurisy in his third decade of life that was complicated by a chronic calcified empyema. He had been doing well clinically until 6 months prior, when he presented to an outside hospital with progressive right-sided chest pain and dyspnea and was found to have active tuberculosis. During that hospitalization, he underwent chest CT and CT-guided biopsy of an incidentally found thoracic lesion, which revealed chronic active inflammation. His symptoms improved after initiation of antituberculous medication, and he was discharged home to complete treatment. Because of interval growth of this lesion noted on a subsequent surveillance CT scan, he was referred to pulmonology for further evaluation. Laboratory tests obtained during his visit revealed mild leukocytosis (1258 cells × 109/L; normal range, 4000-10 000 cells × 109/L) with neutrophilic predominance (82% neutrophils; normal range, 50%-75% neutrophils), and a mildly elevated C-reactive protein level (3.17 mg/dL; normal range, 0-0.5 mg/dL). A sputum culture was negative for tuberculosis. The patient reported mild chest discomfort and dyspnea. Liver MRI was performed to further evaluate an abnormal lesion seen at CT. Given the patient's recent nonspecific biopsy results and tuberculosis treatment, no further work-up was pursued. Contrast-enhanced chest CT was performed 6 months later because the patient developed worsening chest pain and dyspnea. He remained afebrile, with persistent leukocytosis (1485 cells × 109/L) and an elevated C-reactive protein level (3.56 mg/dL). On the basis of the imaging findings, repeat CT-guided biopsy and PET/CT were performed, thereby enabling confirmation of the diagnosis, and appropriate treatment was initiated.

Cohort profile: COBLAnCE: a French prospective cohort to study prognostic and predictive factors in bladder cancer and to generate real-world data on treatment patterns, resource use and quality of life

PurposeBladder cancer is a complex disease with a wide range of outcomes. Clinicopathological factors only partially explain the variability between patients in prognosis and treatment response. There is a need...

Optimal interval timing between transurethral resection of bladder tumors and Bacillus Calmette-Guerin perfusion.

There is no consensus regarding the best interval time between transurethral resection of a bladder tumor and Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) perfusion. This study was to explore whether the interval time has an impact on the prognosis and adverse effects. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical data of patients who received BCG intravesical perfusion at Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center (SYSUCC) from September 2015 to October 2021. Recurrence-free survival (RFS) and progression-free survival were the primary endpoints. Cox regression was used to explore independent predictors. The association between interval time and adverse effect grade was detected by logistic regression. Propensity score matching (PSM) was performed. A total of 403 patients were enrolled, the median interval time was 24 days (6-163 days), and the follow-up was 28 months (7-82 months). Eighty-eight (20.9%) patients relapsed, and 40 patients (10.0%) suffered progression. The multivariate Cox regression analysis confirmed that interval time was an independent predictor of RFS (p = 0.017). Notably, when the interval time was less than or equal to 26 days, there was a trend toward better RFS, PSM resulted in 65 matched pairs in each group, and Kaplan-Meier analysis showed that there was a significant difference in RFS between groups (p = 0.009). The logistic regression analysis showed that there was no correlation between interval time and adverse effects and their grades (p > 0.05). We considered that the first BCG perfusion could be performed within 2-4 weeks after surgery.

Oncological outcomes of visibly complete transurethral resection prior to neoadjuvant chemotherapy for bladder cancer.

To evaluate the potential oncologic benefit of a visibly complete transurethral resection of a bladder tumor (TURBT) prior to neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) and radical cystectomy (RC). We identified patients who received NAC and RC between 2011-2021. Records were reviewed to assess TURBT completeness. The primary outcome was pathologic downstaging (<ypT2N0), with complete pathologic response (ypT0N0) and survival as secondary endpoints. Logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models were utilized. We identified 153 patients, including 116 (76%) with a complete TURBT. Sixty-four (42%) achieved <ypT2N0 and 43 (28%) achieved ypT0N0. When comparing those with and without a complete TURBT, there was no significant difference in the proportion with <ypT2N0 (43% vs 38%, P=0.57) or ypT0N0 (28% vs 27%, P=0.87). After median follow-up of 3.6 years (IQR 1.5-5.1), 86 patients died, 37 died from bladder cancer, and 61 had recurrence. We did not observe a statistically significant association of complete TURBT with cancer-specific or recurrence-free survival (p≥0.20), although the hazard of death from any cause was significantly higher among those with incomplete TURBT even after adjusting for ECOG and pathologic T stage, HR 1.77 (95% CI 1.04-3.00, P=.034). A visibly complete TURBT was not associated with pathologic downstaging, cancer-specific or recurrence-free survival following NAC and RC. These data do not support the need for repeat TURBT to achieve a visibly complete resection if NAC and RC are planned.

Investigation on the Usefulness of Photodynamic Diagnosis-assisted Targeted Bladder Biopsy: Japanese Real-world Study.

Photodynamic diagnosis (PDD)-assisted transurethral resection of a bladder tumor (PDD-TURBT) in a patient receiving 5-aminolevulinic acid improved the detection of micro- and flat lesions of the bladder. This study used real-world data in Japan to examine the diagnostic accuracy of PDD-assisted targeted biopsies and white-light (WL) random biopsies and reevaluated the necessity of random biopsies. A total of 133 patients diagnosed with bladder cancer who underwent TURBT from April 2020 to March 2022 were included in the study. Biopsy specimens obtained from 407 flat lesions or normal-like lesions, excluding biopsies from elevated lesions and TUR specimens, were used to analyze diagnostic accuracy in PDD and WL findings. The respective sensitivities, specificities, and negative predictive values of PDD vs. WL findings were 81.4% vs. 54.0% (p=0.0039), 70.4% vs. 81.4% (p=0.0012), and 96.4% vs. 90.6% (p=0.0144), indicating that PDD was useful for a diagnosis of exclusion. Combining the PDD and WL findings improved the detection of malignant flat lesions. Ten (PDD-positive and WL-negative) specimens from 9 patients were diagnosed as malignant. The results of PDD-assisted targeted biopsy provided an accurate assessment of the risk classification for recurrence and progression of non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) as defined by the Japanese Urological Association (JUA) guidelines. For NMIBC treatment, a more accurate diagnosis is important for postoperative treatment decisions. PDD-assisted targeted biopsy may be necessary and sufficient for diagnosis of flat lesions in patients with bladder cancer for treatment decision making based on JUA risk classification.

Underutilization of intravesical chemotherapy and immunotherapy for high grade non-muscle invasive bladder cancer in California between 2006–2018: Effect of race, age and socioeconomic status on treatment disparities

ObjectiveAmong patients diagnosed with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), those with high risk disease have the greatest risk of recurrence and disease progression. The underutilization of intravesical immunotherapy with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) has been a longstanding concern in clinical practice. This study aimed to determine the disparities present in receipt of adjuvant intravesical chemotherapy and immunotherapy in treatment of patients with high grade NMIBC following initial transurethral resection of a bladder tumor (TURBT). MethodsThe California Cancer Registry data was used to identify 19,237 patients diagnosed with high grade NMIBC who underwent TURBT. Treatment variables include re-TURBT, re-TURBT and intravesical chemotherapy (IVC) and/or BCG. Independent variables include age, sex, race/ethnicity, neighborhood socioeconomic status (nSES), primary insurance payer and marital status at diagnosis. Multiple logistic regression and multinomial regression models were used to examine variation in the treatments received following TURBT. ResultsThe proportion of patients receiving TURBT followed by BCG was similar across all racial and ethnic groups (28%–32%). BCG therapy was higher in patients belonging to the highest nSES quintile (37% for highest vs. 23%–26% for the 2 lowest quintiles). In multiple variable analyses, receipt of any intravesical therapy (IVT) was influenced by nSES, age, marital status, race/ethnicity, and insurance type. Patients in the lowest nSES quintile had a 45% less likelihood of receiving IVT compared to the highest nSES group (OR [95%CI]: 0.55[0.49, 0.61]). Race/ethnicity differences in receipt of any adjuvant therapy were noted in the middle to lowest nSES quintile for Hispanic and Asian/Pacific Islander patients when compared to non-Hispanic White patients. When comparing variation in treatment by insurance type at diagnosis, those with Medicare or other insurance were 24% and 30% less likely to receive BCG after TURBT compared to those with private insurance, (OR [95%CI]: 0.76 [0.70, 0.82] and 0.70[0.62, 0.79]) respectively. ConclusionIn patients with a diagnosis of high risk NMIBC, disparities in utilization of BCG are seen based on SES, age, and insurance type.

Man With Abdominal Pain

A 72-year-old man presented to the emergency department with urinary retention and increasing abdominal pain hours after undergoing transurethral resection of a bladder tumor. His initial blood pressure was 146/104 mmHg, and his pulse rate was 97 beats/min. He had abdominal distension and diffuse tenderness. His potassium level was 6.1 mEq/L, and his serum creatinine level was 2.78 mg/dL, indicating an acute kidney injury. The emergency physician performed a point-of-care ultrasound (Figures 1 and 2), demonstrating free fluid at the liver tip, and confirmed the diagnosis with computed tomography imaging.

Can We Identify Patients in Danger of Delayed Treatment? Management of COVID-19 Pandemic Backlog in Urology Care in Poland.

The COVID-19 pandemic had a tremendous impact on healthcare systems around the world. This study aims to research the course of surgical treatment in urology during the pandemic in 2020, evaluate the volume of deferred treatment in urology in Poland, and indicate groups of patients that are especially vulnerable to a delay in the delivery of healthcare services. The National Health Found statistics (NHF) database was searched for information on procedures completed in urology departments from 2015 to 2020. Changes in hospital discharges of adults from 2019 to 2021 were investigated using monthly reports of NHF on patient billing groups. Statistics of PSA, testosterone, and creatinine testing were extracted from NHF reports. Annual changes in the number of surgeries were calculated. Then, the estimation of the expected quantity of procedures without the occurrence of the pandemic was performed using linear regression based on data from 2015 to 2020. The estimation was assumed reliable at R2 &gt; 0.8. The difference between collected and estimated data was analysed. In 2020, the volume of radical prostatectomies, cystectomies, and kidney surgeries noted downturns following lockdowns in March and November. All analysed procedures, except radical cystectomy, noted a reduction in the entire year. The declines reached -34% in shockwave lithotripsy, -13% in ureterorenoscopic lithotripsy, -22% in cystolithotripsy, -28% in percutaneous lithotripsy, -12% in transurethral resection of a bladder tumour (TURBT), -31% in transurethral resection of the prostate, -15% in nephrectomy and kidney tumorectomy, and -10% in radical prostatectomy. Among the analysed procedures, only radical cystectomy rates increased 5%. Prostate-specific antigen and creatinine tests fell -17%, and testosterone testing was down -18%. In conclusion, the patients most vulnerable to delayed treatment due to the post-pandemic backlog are those requiring TURBT, kidney cancer operations, and radical prostatectomies. Solving backlogs in urology should prioritise cancer patients and thus requires improved access to cystoscopy, TURBT, diagnoses and surgery of prostate and kidney tumours. Addressing the needs of patients suffering from benign diseases demands appropriate measures to increase the surgical productivity of urology departments.

Discrete red-brown crusted papules with a bladder cancer history

An 80-year-old male underwent transurethral resection of a bladder tumor and 6 intravesical bacillus calmette guerin (BCG) treatments for stage T1 high-grade bladder cancer. One year later, he presented with a 2-month rash consisting of numerous, discrete, red-brown crusted papules on his left abdomen, left lower extremity, and left buttock (Fig 1) with fatigue, generalized weakness, and neutropenia. Two punch biopsies revealed a papillary dermal neutrophilic and histiocytic infiltrate with deep necrotizing granulomas.

PD42-08 REAL-WORLD PERFORMANCE OF MRI AFTER TURBT IN PREDICTING FINAL PATHOLOGIC OUTCOMES IN BLADDER CANCER

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 May 2022PD42-08 REAL-WORLD PERFORMANCE OF MRI AFTER TURBT IN PREDICTING FINAL PATHOLOGIC OUTCOMES IN BLADDER CANCER Michael Chandra, Thomas Gerald, Suzanne Cole, Liwei Jia, Jeffrey Howard, Aditya Bagrodia, Xiaosong Meng, Vitaly Margulis, Yair Lotan, Alberto Diaz de Leon, and Solomon Woldu Michael ChandraMichael Chandra More articles by this author , Thomas GeraldThomas Gerald More articles by this author , Suzanne ColeSuzanne Cole More articles by this author , Liwei JiaLiwei Jia More articles by this author , Jeffrey HowardJeffrey Howard More articles by this author , Aditya BagrodiaAditya Bagrodia More articles by this author , Xiaosong MengXiaosong Meng More articles by this author , Vitaly MargulisVitaly Margulis More articles by this author , Yair LotanYair Lotan More articles by this author , Alberto Diaz de LeonAlberto Diaz de Leon More articles by this author , and Solomon WolduSolomon Woldu More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000002603.08AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Bladder cancer staging by transurethral resection of a bladder tumor (TURBT) is often inaccurate due to limited sampling. For higher risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer, the current standard is to repeat TURBT, an invasive procedure with associated risk and cost. Additionally, interest in bladder preservation following systemic therapy is limited by concerns regarding the accuracy of cystoscopic assessment of response. Bladder MRI has emerged as a potential non-invasive and accurate means of bladder cancer staging. We sought to examine the ability of MRI after TURBT to predict residual tumor and muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) in a real-world cohort of patients subsequently undergoing re-TURBT or cystectomy. METHODS: This prospectively maintained cohort evaluated 70 patients with bladder cancer who received a multiparametric pelvic MRI from 2019-2021 after TURBT. The MRI was protocoled for bladder cancer evaluation and included T2-, diffusion, and T1-weighed images with and without IV contrast. MRIs were evaluated for restricted diffusion, enhancement and signal intensity features indicative of residual tumor and MIBC. These results were then compared to final pathology at subsequent re-TURBT (n=42) or cystectomy (n=28). RESULTS: Among re-TURBT cases, 24 (57.1%) and 3 (7.1%) had residual tumor and MIBC, respectively. Among cystectomy cases, 22 (78.6%) and 18 (64.3%) demonstrated residual tumor and MIBC, respectively. In detecting residual tumor among patients undergoing cystectomy, MRI showed a sensitivity, specificity, AUC, and positive post-test probability (PTP) of 90.9%, 66.7%, 0.788 (p=0.033), and 91%, respectively. In detecting MIBC among patients undergoing re-TURBT, MRI had a sensitivity, specificity, AUC, and negative PTP of 100%, 82.1%, 0.910 (p=0.019), and 0%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: In this real-world setting, MRI showed high performance in ruling out MIBC in patients undergoing re-TURBT and in predicting the presence of residual disease prior to cystectomy. Performance characteristics in other settings were less accurate. These findings support the continued refinement of MRI in bladder cancer and as a potentially important adjunct in specific scenarios. Source of Funding: None © 2022 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 207Issue Supplement 5May 2022Page: e698 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2022 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Michael Chandra More articles by this author Thomas Gerald More articles by this author Suzanne Cole More articles by this author Liwei Jia More articles by this author Jeffrey Howard More articles by this author Aditya Bagrodia More articles by this author Xiaosong Meng More articles by this author Vitaly Margulis More articles by this author Yair Lotan More articles by this author Alberto Diaz de Leon More articles by this author Solomon Woldu More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...

MP06-06 ESTABLISHMENT AND EVALUATION OF A SIMPLIFIED APPROACH TO PATIENT DERIVED BLADDER CANCER ORGANOIDS USING URINE

You have accessJournal of UrologyCME1 May 2022MP06-06 ESTABLISHMENT AND EVALUATION OF A SIMPLIFIED APPROACH TO PATIENT DERIVED BLADDER CANCER ORGANOIDS USING URINE Paul Pollehne, Ivonne Aidee Montes Mojarro, Johannes Schneider, Bastian Amend, Falko Fend, Arnulf Stenzl, Wilhelm K. Aicher, and Niklas Harland Paul PollehnePaul Pollehne More articles by this author , Ivonne Aidee Montes MojarroIvonne Aidee Montes Mojarro More articles by this author , Johannes SchneiderJohannes Schneider More articles by this author , Bastian AmendBastian Amend More articles by this author , Falko FendFalko Fend More articles by this author , Arnulf StenzlArnulf Stenzl More articles by this author , Wilhelm K. AicherWilhelm K. Aicher More articles by this author , and Niklas HarlandNiklas Harland More articles by this author View All Author Informationhttps://doi.org/10.1097/JU.0000000000002523.06AboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationsTrack CitationsPermissionsReprints ShareFacebookLinked InTwitterEmail Abstract INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVE: Patient derived organoids (PDO) are a promising tool for research and individualized therapy. The cells that are used to culture organoids are commonly retrieved from invasive surgery, requiring general anesthesia. In this study we evaluate a simplified approach through PDOs out of rinsing urine from patients with urothelial carcinoma. METHODS: Urine cells were isolated and after using an erythrocyte lysis buffer were resuspended with Matrigel® (BME) and covered with an PDO medium containing the wnt-agonist r-spondin, fibroblast-growth- factors 2, 7 and 10, the ROCK-inhibitor Y-27632 dihydrochloride and epidermial growth factor. The growth of the PDOs was observed by measuring the diameters by light microscopy. When the PDOs ceased to grow, the cells were passaged. After 5 passages the PDOs were confirmed as established organoid cell lines. For characterization the cells were transferred into chamber slides and stained using primary antibodies against urothelial and epithelial markers (GATA-3, AE1/AE3, CK5, CK7), tumor markers (p53, TP63, CD276, CK20, FGFR-3, Vimentin, S-100-P, Ki67) and stem cell markers (CD24, CD44). RESULTS: In 35 out of 35 samples (100%), cells were isolated without any contamination in cell cultures. Spheroid growth was observed in 27 samples in primary culture (77%), in 18 samples in 1st passage (51%) and in 10 samples in 2nd passage (29%). One of the samples (3%) reached the 5th passage (UCO#33). In 23 associated solid tumor samples were retrieved during transurethral resection of a bladder tumor. Out of these, PDOs were established in 19 samples in primary culture (83%), 9 samples in 1st passage (39%) and 3 samples in 2nd passage (13%)). None of the samples (0%) reached the 5th passage. Compared tocell cultures which ceased growth before the 5th passage UCO#33 increased in diameter in later passages and showed a significant higher expression of CD276 and as the only culture a coexpression of CD24 and CD44. The expression of CK7 and Ki67 increased from 3rd to 5th passage while the expression of TP63, CK20, Vimentin and CD24 decreased. CONCLUSIONS: In this project we were able to grow PDOs out of rinsing urine from patients with bladder cancer, whose growth are comparable to the ones out of solid tumor samples. We identified immune checkpoint CD276 and stem cell markers CD24/CD44 as potential markers for the success of organoid growth out of urine. PDOs out of rinsing urine are promising tools for research and as well for clinical use. Source of Funding: The work was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Graduiertenkolleg 2543/I) © 2022 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.FiguresReferencesRelatedDetails Volume 207Issue Supplement 5May 2022Page: e79 Advertisement Copyright & Permissions© 2022 by American Urological Association Education and Research, Inc.MetricsAuthor Information Paul Pollehne More articles by this author Ivonne Aidee Montes Mojarro More articles by this author Johannes Schneider More articles by this author Bastian Amend More articles by this author Falko Fend More articles by this author Arnulf Stenzl More articles by this author Wilhelm K. Aicher More articles by this author Niklas Harland More articles by this author Expand All Advertisement PDF DownloadLoading ...

Preventing Catheter Related Bladder Discomfort (CRBD) in male patients undergoing Lower Urinary tract surgery with Bilateral Pudendal Nerve Block:A Randomized Controlled Trial

Objective: To compare the frequency and severity of post-operative CRBD in patients undergoing TURP and TURBT with spinal anaesthesia with pudendal nerve block against spinal anaesthesia alone.&#x0D; Study Design: A randomized controlled trial (Clinical trials.gov: NCT05022160)&#x0D; Place and Duration of Study: Armed Forces Institute of Urology (AFIU), Rawalpindi Pakistan, from Aug to Nov, 2021.&#x0D; Methodology: The trial comprised 250 patients scheduled to have a transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP) or a transurethral resection of a bladder tumour (TURBT) under spinal anaesthesia. They were split into two groups: study (group-P) and control (group-C). After surgery, the patients in the study-group were given a bilateral pudendal nerve block. At 3, 8, 12, and 24 hours following surgery, the frequency and severity of catheter-related bladder discomfort (CRBD) were documented.&#x0D; Results: CRBD frequencies were significantly lower in pudendal group at 3 hours 42 (33.8%) vs 72 (58.5%), p &lt;0.001), 8 hours 81 (65.3%) vs 111 (90.2%), p&lt;0.001 and 12 hours 53 (42.7%) vs 73 (59.3%), p=0.009 after the surgery. The postoperative pain score in pudendal group was lower at 3 hours (p&lt;0.001), 8 hours (p &lt;0.001), and 12 hours (p=0.02) but there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups at 24 hours (p=0.06).&#x0D; Conclusion: When used in conjunction with spinal anaesthesia, a pudendal nerve block reduces the frequency and severity of catheter-related bladder discomfort for up to 12 hours after surgery.

The bladder epicheck test and cytology in the follow-up of patients with non-muscle-invasive high grade bladder carcinoma.

The management of non-muscle invasive bladder carcinoma (NMIBC) after transurethral resection of a bladder tumor consists of adjuvant intravesical therapy and strict and long surveillance with urine cytology and cystoscopy. The Bladder EpiCheck test (Nucleix Ltd) (BE) is a newly developed urinary markers based on DNA methylation changes in a panel of 15 genomic biomarkers, with a promising performance in term of non-invasive NMIBC detection.In this study we prospectively enrolled 151 consecutive patients with high grade NMIBC, treated with intravesical BCG and mitomycin C therapy and evaluated during the follow-up by voided urine cytology and white-light cystoscopy, according to the European Association of Urology Guidelines. The Bladder EpiCheck test was performed at the same time of urine cytology in voided specimen. In all cases with positive cytology the diagnosis was confirmed by histology and a diagnosis was made according to the 2017 tumor, node, metastasis (TNM) classification and graded using both the 1973 and the 2004 World Health Organization (WHO) classifications.At three months of follow-up, we reported similar overall specificity rates for BE and urine cytology (85,1% vs 86,3%). In the group of patients with carcinoma in situ (CIS), we found the same specificity for BE and urine cytology (81,4%), while in the groups of patients with papillary high grade NMIBC, the specificity of BE was higher compared to cytology (96,3% vs 90,4%). The sensitivity of BE was always higher compared to cytology during all the follow-up both for papillary NMIBC and CIS.In the early follow-up of NMIBC the EpiCheck test might replace urinary cytology.

Prognostic Significance of the Neutrophil-to-Lymphocyte Ratio in Patients with Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer treated with Intravesical Bacillus Calmette-Guérin and the Relationship with the CUETO Scoring Model.

In this study, we evaluated the predictability of a modified Club Urológico Español de Tratamiento Oncológico (CUETO) scoring model and preoperative neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) in patients with non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC). From August 2005 to May 2016, a total of 281 patients received intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guérin therapy after transurethral resection of a bladder tumor. The pathologic stage of all patients was Ta or T1. Of 281 patients, 84 (29.9%) experienced recurrence and 14 (5.0%) developed progression. The mean follow-up period was 46 months. The cut-off value for NLRs was 2.29. One hundred-eight patients (38.4%) displayed a high NLR (> 2.29). In Kaplan-Meier curve analysis, a high NLR was associated with lower recurrence-free survival (RFS) (P < .001) and progression-free survival (PFS) (P = .002). CUETO scores were associated with RFS (P < .001), but not with PFS (P = .423). A combination of NLRs and the CUETO risk model correlated with RFS (P < .001) and PFS (P = .002). In multivariate analysis, female gender, concomitant carcinoma in situ (CIS), tumor number >3, recurrent tumors, and a high NLR were independent factors predicting recurrence (all P < .05). Concomitant CIS, recurrent tumors, and a high NLR were independent factors for predicting progression (all P < .05). In patients with NMIBC, an NLR >2.29 was identified as a significant factor for predicting tumor recurrence and progression. Inclusion of preoperative NLR enhanced the accuracy of the CUETO model to predict disease progression.

Low Preoperative Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio Is Predictive of the 5-Year Recurrence of Bladder Tumor after Transurethral Resection.

Many studies have investigated the prognostic significance of peripheral blood parameters—including lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR)—in several cancers in recent decades. We evaluated the prognostic factors for five-year tumor recurrence after the transurethral resection of a bladder tumor (TURBT). In total, 151 patients with non-muscle invasive bladder tumors who underwent TURBT under spinal anesthesia were selected for this retrospective analysis. The time to tumor recurrence was determined by the number of days from surgery until there was a pathological confirmation of tumor recurrence. The preoperative and postoperative laboratory values were defined as results within one month prior to and one month after TURBT. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were performed. Seventy-one patients (47.0%) developed recurrent bladder tumors within five years after the first TURBT surgery. The multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that preoperative LMR (hazard ratio, 0.839; 95% confidence interval, 0.739–0.952; p = 0.006) and multiple tumor sites (hazard ratio, 2.072; 95% confidence interval, 1.243–3.453; p = 0.005) were independent recurrence predictors in patients with recurrent bladder tumors within five years after the TURBT. A low preoperative LMR is an important predictor for the recurrence of a bladder tumor during a five-year follow-up period after surgery.

Clinicopathological Criteria Predictive of Recurrence Following Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Therapy Initiation in Non-Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer: Retrospective Cohort Study.

BackgroundBacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is currently the most clinically effective intravesical treatment for non–muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC), particularly for patients with high-risk NMIBC such as those with carcinoma in situ. BCG treatments could be optimized to improve patient safety and conserve supply by predicting BCG efficacy based on tumor characteristics or clinicopathological criteria.ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to assess the ability of specific clinicopathological criteria to predict tumor recurrence in patients with NMIBC who received BCG therapy along various treatment timelines.MethodsA total of 1331 patients (stage Ta, T1, or carcinoma in situ) who underwent transurethral resection of a bladder tumor between 2006 and 2017 were included. Univariate analysis, including laboratory tests (eg, complete blood panels, creatinine levels, and hemoglobin A1c levels) within 180 days of BCG therapy initiation, medications, and clinical and demographic variables to assess their ability to predict NMIBC recurrence, was completed. This was followed by multivariate regression that included the elements of the Club Urológico Español de Tratamiento Oncológico (CUETO) scoring model and variables that were significant predictors of recurrence in univariate analysis.ResultsBCG was administered to 183 patients classified as intermediate or high risk, and 76 (41.5%) experienced disease recurrence. An abnormal neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio measured within 180 days of induction BCG therapy was a significant predictor (P=.047) of future cancer recurrence and was a stronger predictor than the CUETO score or the individual variables included in the CUETO scoring model through multivariate analysis.ConclusionsAn abnormal neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio within 180 days of BCG therapy initiation is predictive of recurrence and could be suggestive of additional or alternative interventions.

Risk factors for residual disease at re-TUR in a large cohort of T1G3 patients

Introduction and objectivesThe goals of transurethral resection of a bladder tumor (TUR) are to completely resect the lesions and to make a correct diagnosis in order to adequately stage the patient. It is well known that the presence of detrusor muscle in the specimen is a prerequisite to minimize the risk of under staging.Persistent disease after resection of bladder tumors is not uncommon and is the reason why the European Guidelines recommended a re-TUR for all T1 tumors. It was recently published that when there is muscle in the specimen, re-TUR does not influence progression or cancer specific survival.We present here the patient and tumor factors that may influence the presence of residual disease at re-TUR. Material and methodsIn our retrospective cohort of 2451 primary T1G3 patients initially treated with BCG, pathology results for 934 patients (38.1%) who underwent re-TUR are available. 74% had multifocal tumors, 20% of tumors were more than 3 cm in diameter and 26% had concomitant CIS.In this subgroup of patients who underwent re-TUR, there was no residual disease in 267 patients (29%) and residual disease in 667 patients (71%): Ta in 378 (40%) and T1 in 289 (31%) patients. Age, gender, tumor status (primary/recurrent), previous intravesical therapy, tumor size, tumor multi-focality, presence of concomitant CIS, and muscle in the specimen were analyzed in order to evaluate risk factors of residual disease at re-TUR, both in univariate analyses and multivariate logistic regressions. ResultsThe following were not risk factors for residual disease: age, gender, tumor status and previous intravesical chemotherapy. The following were univariate risk factors for presence of residual disease: no muscle in TUR, multiple tumors, tumors > 3 cm, and presence of concomitant CIS. Due to the correlation between tumor multi-focality and tumor size, the multivariate model retained either the number of tumors or the tumor diameter (but not both), p < 0.001. The presence of muscle in the specimen was no longer significant, while the presence of CIS only remained significant in the model with tumor size, p < 0.001. ConclusionsThe most significant factors for a higher risk of residual disease at re-TUR in T1G3 patients are multifocal tumors and tumors more than 3 cm. Patients with concomitant CIS and those without muscle in the specimen also have a higher risk of residual disease.