Transport Mode Choice Research Articles

Understanding Tourists’ Behavior Toward Transport Mode Choice by Using Machine Learning Methods

Understanding Tourists’ Behavior Toward Transport Mode Choice by Using Machine Learning Methods

Urban Transportation Mode Choice Model in Bali

Urban Transportation Mode Choice Model in Bali

A Literature Survey On Signalized And Non-Signalized Corridors

Random traffic flows and the influence of traffic signals at intersections often cause significant variations in travel times. This has implications for signal control planning and design. This study aims to compare the variability between signalized and unsignalized corridors in Lahore and identify the challenges faced by road users. The study was conducted through a literature survey that collected data on trip purpose, frequency, travel time, and transportation mode choice from various sources. Results show that signalized corridors have lower accident rates and shorter travel times compared to unsignalized corridors. Unsignaled corridors, on the other hand, offer better access and lower fuel costs. Although signalized corridors are more effective in managing traffic flow and improving safety, further research is needed to explore alternative solutions such as roundabouts that can improve mobility and sustainability. The results of this study can serve as a reference for transportation planners and policy makers in designing a more efficient traffic system. This study also suggests the need for further evaluation of traffic control in various urban contexts to optimize safety and efficiency.

Analysis of the Choice of Transportation Modes from Lhokseumawe City to Medan City Using the Analytical Hierarchy Process Method

Interprovincial movement activities from the city of Lhokseumawe to the city of Medan is a busy travel route because land routes connect many cities. Minibusses and buses serve transportation needs across these cities. Travelers tend to choose minibusses because of their convenience, fast travel time, and the excellent level of comfort provided. The bus mode also offers smooth and comfortable travel, making it a popular choice among travelers on the Lhokseumawe to Medan route. This research aims to determine the characteristics and percentage of transportation mode choices by travelers. The approach used is the analytical hierarchy process method. The results of the analysis showed that the percentage of travelers interested in choosing a particular mode resulted in 42% of passengers choosing the Hiace Minibus, 24% choosing the Sempati Star Bus, 20% choosing the Putra Pelangi Bus, and 14% choosing the Kurnia Bus. The criteria that influence the choice of transportation mode are convenience with a percentage of 22%, time with a percentage of 19%, comfort with a percentage of 16%, cost with a percentage of 15%, headway and safety with a percentage of 14%.

Health enhancement through activity travel participation and physical activity intensity

IntroductionPast studies investigate the impact of health parameters on activity and transport options. However, limited research has been done on how activity-travel participation influences health outcomes. Physical activity has the potential to improve health characteristics; however, its intensity (duration and frequency) and optimal mode are yet to be determined. Therefore, the current study aims to use physical activity intensity (PAI) as an intermediate variable to study the correlation among daily activities, transport mode choice, and health parameters to pursue sustainable transportation and improve health parameters. MethodsIn September 2013, a multidimensional three-week household survey was used to collect the data containing 191 households and 732 individuals representing 0.029% of the total population of Bandung, Indonesia. SPSS was used for the data normalization and descriptive analysis, whereas R was used for the multilevel regression and structural equation modeling (SEM). Four models were developed between endogenous, mediator, and exogenous variables. ResultsA significant correlation was found between daily activities, transport mode choice, and health parameters with exceptionally acceptable R2 and p-values. The appraised results indicate that strenuous PAI is 2.1% and 0.3% positively correlates with physical health (PH) and social health (SH), showing that it mediates the correlation among transport-related daily activities and health parameters. High-income households are dependent on motorized transport which is 0.1% and 0.2% negatively associated with PH and SH. Whereas, active transport is 2.0% and 0.2% and public transport is 0.2% and 1.5% positively associated with PH and SH. Replacing short car trips with a sustainable transportation system enhances health parameters and reduces GHG emissions from the transportation sector. ConclusionThe current study concluded that the association was mediated by transport-related PAI which enhances health parameters. Policymakers and practitioners promote transport-related physical activity which may help to enhance health parameters and provide a sustainable transportation system.

Exploring intercity travel decision-making in a developing country: Insights from COVID-19 impacts in Iran

This study examines the impact of COVID-19 on intercity travel mode choices in Mazandaran province, Iran, addressing critical gaps in understanding how pandemics affect travel behavior in developing countries. The research focuses on how socio-economic factors, perceived health risks, and travel time influence individuals’ choice of transportation modes during the pandemic. Using a stated preference survey method with 669 participants, the study assessed how concerns about virus transmission and adherence to health protocols shape travel decisions. Discrete choice modeling was employed to predict travel mode shares between public transport and personal vehicles. The findings reveal that COVID-19 risk perception, socio-economic factors, and travel time significantly impact travel behavior. Specifically, heightened perceived risk of infection resulted in a 25% reduction in public transportation use, with individuals increasingly opting for personal vehicles. Additionally, strict adherence to health protocols, such as mask-wearing and vehicle cleaning, improved safety perception, leading to a 40% increase in confidence in public transport. The study also found that socio-economic factors like age, income, and education significantly shaped travel preferences. These insights provide valuable guidance for public health policymakers and transportation authorities to enhance the safety and management of intercity travel during ongoing and future pandemics.

Applying Ant Colony Optimization to Reduce Tram Journey Times

Nature-inspired algorithms allow us to solve many problems related to the search for optimal solutions. One such issue is the problem of searching for optimal routes. In this paper, ant colony optimization is used to search for optimal tram routes. Ant colony optimization is a method inspired by the behavior of ants in nature, which as a group are able to successfully find optimal routes from the nest to food. The aim of this paper is to present a practical application of the algorithm as a tool for public transport network planning. In urban public transport, travel time is crucial. It is a major factor in passengers’ choice of transport mode. Therefore, in this paper, the objective function determining the operation of the algorithm is driving time. Scheduled time, real time and theoretical time are analyzed and compared. The routes are then compared with each other in order to select the optimal solution. A case study involving one of the largest tramway networks in Poland demonstrates the effectiveness of the nature-inspired algorithm. The obtained results allow route optimization by selecting the route with the shortest travel time. Thus, the development of the entire network is also possible. In addition, due to its versatility, the method can be applied to various modes of transport.

Synchromodal transport vs. conventional hinterland transport: a stakeholder theory analysis

ABSTRACT Synchromodality aims to reduce costs, emissions and delivery times by offering a flexible and adaptive mode choice and seamless integration of transport modes, both horizontally and vertically. The concept, which has hardly been applied in practice, poses significant requirements for the involved stakeholders and their interactions. However, there has been limited research on how stakeholder dynamics should be shaped and adapted compared to the conventional hinterland transport stakeholder dynamics to facilitate synchromodal transport. Our study fills this gap by presenting an overview of the stakeholders that should be involved in synchromodality, their decision-making responsibilities and relations (referred to as stakeholder dynamics), illustrated in a conceptual synchromodal stakeholder network. Then, this network is compared to the conventional port-hinterland transport stakeholder network, which is the transport chain in which synchromodality is likely to be applied. To this end, this paper analyses and integrates literature on three topics: synchromodality, stakeholder dynamics in the port-hinterland transport chain and stakeholder theory. Our analysis reveals that facilitating synchromodal transport necessitates adaptations such as the inclusion of additional stakeholder roles, the delegation of decision-making power, and the evolution towards collaborative relationships. However, examining these requirements through the lens of stakeholder theory exposes significant complexities, such as an increased risk of opportunism, thereby giving rise to the formulation of an extensive future research agenda. The findings were tested against industry experts’ views in a workshop and focus group. This analysis should enhance the understanding of synchromodal stakeholder dynamics and its challenges from a stakeholder theory perspective, contributing to further developing dynamic stakeholder management strategies.

The deeper and wider social impacts of transportation infrastructure: From travel experience to sense of place and academic performance

Traditional transportation planning emphasized the direct economic benefits of transportation infrastructure. While there is a growing awareness of the environmental consequences, social impacts are frequently overlooked due to methodological complexities and political neglect. Although existing literature acknowledges the existence of transportation-related social exclusion, it primarily concentrates on quantifiable and immediate short-term social outcomes arising from improved accessibility and affordability, which facilitate place-to-place interactions and activities. There has been limited exploration of the more intricate and indirect societal impacts associated with transportation. This paper argues that new transportation infrastructure not only affects mobility and travel experiences but also has deeper social impacts on the sense of place. These effects may extend to broader benefits, including academic performance, by influencing place identity, attachment, and dependency, which in turn affect daily activities unrelated to travel. Our study focuses on a university student community (N = 323), a pivotal future workforce, and investigates how the introduction of a new metro line passing through the campus reduces commuting time, subsequently enhancing academic productivity. Employing structural equation modeling method, our analysis reveals that sense of place acts as a mediator between travel experience and student engagement under the influence of transportation mode choice. These findings may have broad applicability in identifying indirect social impacts of transportation infrastructure, thus providing insights for investment decisions.

Flood risk awareness and transportation mode choice in communities with varying flooding frequencies: The cases of Bozkurt, Kastamonu, Turkey and Malanday, Marikina, Philippines

This study investigates the post-flood transportation mode choices (TMC) of communities exposed to floods of varying frequencies, focusing on Bozkurt, Turkey, recently afflicted by a major flood, and Malanday, Philippines, which endures an average of 10 floods annually. The study considers 17 factors affecting TMC, including age, occupation, income, housing type, flood experience, education level, changes in travel time, primary transportation mode, duration of residence, gender, marital status, relocation status, personal losses, disruption of daily activities, time to return to routine, satisfaction with road maintenance, and satisfaction with flood measures. Data were collected through surveys and analysed using regression analysis.The findings indicate that personal and cultural characteristics, and flood frequency, have limited effects on TMC. The most impactful factors on post-flood TMC are changes in travel time (42.11 %), personal losses (23.75 %), and satisfaction with road maintenance (11.30 %). The study demonstrates that flood risk awareness is directly related to education level and flood experience. In Malanday, where 84 % of the population are university or high school graduates, floods are regarded as routine events. In contrast, in Bozkurt, where only 37 % have similar education levels, the community experienced panic under flood conditions, adversely affecting decision-making processes.The research provides insights into how communities exposed to floods adjust their TMC, offering essential information for mitigating flood risks and increasing flood awareness. Moreover, the findings deliver suggestive information for local governments and planners in developing more effective flood management and transportation planning strategies.

Public transport mode choice behavior of different-income passengers during large-scale public health incidents

Public transport ridership has been hit hard by the COVID-19 pandemic in many countries. Investigating passengers' public transport mode choice behavior during large-scale public health incidents can uncover the major influential factors and help propose policies and strategies to reduce the pandemic transmission and recover the public transport revenue. This study develops an integrated choice and latent variables (ICLV) model by income based on structural equation model to model passengers' public transport choice behavior during the normalized stage of the pandemic. The model considers passengers' socioeconomic attributes, travel attributes, and attitude-perception attributes, and can appropriately capture passengers' psychological latent attributes. Taking Beijing China as an example, we collect some revealed preference survey data online. The modeling results show that the risk perception as a mediator variable has a significant impact on mode preference. Moreover, the convenience of public transport has the largest influence on risk perception. These findings suggest that risk perception and the convenience of public transport play a major role in passengers' mode choice behavior. In addition, the impacts of the various influential factors on the public transport mode choices are significantly different across different income groups. Further, the ICLV model can achieve better performance and is superior to the traditional Multinomial Logit model. The modeling framework can help propose targeted and instructive strategies during the normalized stage of the pandemic by uncovering the major influential factors in passengers’ public transport mode choices, which is applicable to similar pandemics in the future.

Segmenting the potential users of MaaS by combining latent class cluster analysis and structural equation modeling

To reduce problems caused by the excessive use of private vehicles, transportation planners have been actively looking for sustainable transport related solutions. Mobility as a Service (MaaS) is gaining popularity due to its capability to integrate transport opportunities into one platform. Studies on travelers’ acceptance of MaaS have been conducted, but there remains a gap in understanding heterogeneity regarding intentions of using MaaS particularly concerning attitudinal factors. Based upon the extension of the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology, we plan to reveal travelers’ segmentation by using latent class cluster analysis and to examine path heterogeneities in the identified traveler clusters by applying a structural equation modeling. The results confirm that the traveler clusters consider the importance of the relatives and media's viewpoints toward MaaS, while the car user cluster is more interested in adopting MaaS if the service could promise enough flexibility of traveling in terms of time and destination. The results related to the heterogeneity in transport mode choice are useful for constructing MaaS packages. This study could be advantageous for MaaS operators as it enables them to understand some attitudinal factors influencing willingness to take up MaaS thus realizing suitable, effective promotions.

Post-Purchase Trip Heterogeneity: Exploring the Impact of Free and Paid Return Deliveries on Shopping and Transport Mode Choices in the USA

This paper explores aspects of the post-purchase trips generated by the necessity to return purchased clothing to the shops. Particular focus is given to online shopping that has become common for clothing purchases. This study’s novelty lies in delving into the underlying reasons behind post-purchase trips, particularly those initiated when customers seek to return clothing to retailers. It examines the impact of free and paid return delivery options as key factors driving consumers’ decisions in relation to clothing returns. The study consists of two branches and leverages the random utility maximization theory. The first branch focuses on the impact of free and paid return options on the preferred shopping channels by utilizing a stated preference dataset collected from 507 US online shoppers. The second branch of this study employs the revealed preference dataset and aims to explore the return trip behavior. The willingness-to-pay values estimated for the free return delivery option are higher among female online shoppers compared with males—$7.42 and $6.65 per delivery, respectively. It was found that among the identified “returners,” 84.62% of males and 79.91% of females showed a strong reliance on private cars for their return trips. The potential environmental consequences of return trips were evaluated, focusing on the case of the USA. Additionally, the estimated marginal probability effect revealed that factors such as an aging population, car ownership, and number of children in households positively influence car usage for post-purchase trips. The study’s implications for stakeholders are discussed.

Perceptions on Public Transportation Safety Among Female Users in Malaysia

Public transport in Malaysia has grown through government investment aimed at alleviating traffic congestion in urban areas. However, the safety of women using public transport is often viewed as less significant and is generally treated as a universal design issue. Ironically, past research strongly indicates that women face safety and security concerns in public spaces and while using public transportation services, traveling differently from men in terms of mobility and accessibility. These gendered and socio-economic inequalities affect women’s choice of transportation mode, negatively impacting their overall health, safety, and well-being. These elements must be planned thoroughly to achieve inclusive planning and gender equality in transportation. The main challenges to women's mobility in Malaysia include gender-based violence and issues related to the safety and access to public transportation. This paper is based on a Focus Group Discussion (FGD) regarding public transport safety attitudes and perceptions among female users aged 15 to 70 in Malaysia, focusing on variables such as safety, women-friendly facilities, and expectations vs. perceptions. The findings highlighted gender-based issues such as sexual assault, harassment, and child trafficking as major concerns impeding women's access to public transportation services in Malaysia. Participation by stakeholders in the provision of a holistic and inclusive public transport infrastructure remains a bureaucratic obstacle in Malaysia's planning and implementation of public transport services. Public transportation strategies need to be holistic, ensuring that the physical design and other strategies employed prevent security breaches and provide a sense of safety, especially for women and children. Post-incident support by designated and relevant agencies is also crucial. Infrastructure improvements need to be accompanied by awareness campaigns and advocacy to cultivate a more secure environment for everyone in public spaces.

A conceptual framework for understanding behavioral factors in public transport mode choice in Southeast Asia

Public transportation is vital for meeting the mobility demands of rapidly expanding Southeast Asian countries. To create effective transportation policies and support sustainable urban movement, it is essential to understand the factors driving individual’s choice decisions about transportation modes. This review paper seeks to establish a behavioral theory-based conceptual framework that thoroughly examines and finds the primary influences on individual mode choices within Southeast Asia. We propose a two-stage framework that blends the ‘Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)’ with the ‘capability, opportunity, and motivation-behavior (COM-B) model’. This synthesis enables the consideration of a broad spectrum of individual-level factors affecting public transport preferences. Ultimately, this review enhances existing knowledge and provides guidance for future research and policy initiatives aimed at fostering sustainable transportation systems across Southeast Asia.

Energy policies and pollution in two developing country cities: A quantitative model

We study the effect of energy and transport policies on pollution in two developing country cities. We use a quantitative equilibrium model with choice of housing, energy use, residential location, transport mode, and energy technology. Pollution comes from commuting and residential energy use. The model parameters are calibrated to replicate key variables for two developing country cities, Maputo, Mozambique, and Yogyakarta, Indonesia. In the counterfactual simulations, we study how various transport and energy policies affect equilibrium pollution. Policies may induce rebound effects from increasing residential energy use or switching to high emission modes or locations. In general, these rebound effects tend to be largest for subsidies to public transport or modern residential energy technology.

ANALYSIS OF TRANSPORTATION MODE CHOICE IN MALANG CITY USING MULTINOMIAL LOGISTICS METHOD

In every urban area, especially in the Malang area, modes of transportation are increasingly diverse, ranging from private vehicles, public transportation, to online-based transportation. This research aims to determine the choice of transportation mode using the multinominal logistics method. With this type of quantitative research and data sources through surveys conducted in 5 sub-districts of Malang City using the multinominal logistics method. The research results showed that 11% of respondents went from home to another place for work using private transportation, 3% of respondents were still students. 88% of working respondents and housewives chose public transportation, 97% of whom were still students. 9% of respondents who work and are housewives use online vehicles while 0% are still students. Keywords: Daily Activities; Household; Multinomial Logistic Regression; Mode Choice; Spatial.

Research on optimization of multimodal hub-and-spoke transport network under uncertain demand

In the cargo transportation system, the hub-and-spoke transport network can make full use of the scale effect between logistics hubs and reduce logistics costs. Joint transportation of multiple modes of transportation can give full play to the advantages of different modes of transportation, which not only reduces logistics costs but also improves transportation efficiency. Therefore, this paper combines the advantages of multimodal transportation and hub-and-spoke network, and establishes an optimization model of multimodal hub-and-spoke transport network under demand uncertainty. The model takes into account hub capacity constraints and customer satisfaction with respect to transportation time, and to facilitate the model solution, we utilize the fuzzy expected value method and the fuzzy chance constraints based on credibility to clarify the uncertain variables in the model. We use mixed coding to describe the selection of hubs, assignment of nodes, and choice of transportation modes in this study and use the NSGA-II algorithm with local reinforcement to solve the problem. Finally, numerical experiments are designed to verify the validity of the model and algorithm through sensitivity analysis of relevant parameters, determine the reasonable number of hubs and confidence level, and obtain the influence of the change of hub capacity limit and the ratio of single and double hub transit on the research objectives. The results show that: the NSGA-II algorithm with local reinforcement can significantly improve the convergence speed of the algorithm; There is benefit inversion between economic cost and time cost, and the pursuit of economic cost minimization and time cost minimization, respectively, will lead to different choices of the number of hubs; Increasing the ratio of goods transfer between hubs is beneficial for fully utilizing the scale effect between hubs, achieving the goal of reducing economic costs, but at the same time, it will increase time costs.

PEMILIHAN MODA TRANSPORTASI OLEH MAHASISWA MENUJU KAMPUS 1 UNIVERSITAS PGRI SEMARANG

Transportation activities themselves require facilities and infrastructure to be used by the community in carrying out transfer activities to their destination. Congestion is a transportation problem caused by the increasing volume of motorized vehicles without being matched by road capacity. The choice of transportation mode is a separate reason for each person and will reflect the interest of one of the modes of transportation itself. Data collection used an online questionnaire, namely via the Google form which was distributed randomly to students studying at Campus 1 Universitas PGRI Semarang. And data processing of travellers was analyzed using descriptive statistics, and vehicle modes were analyzed using a binary difference logit model with the help of multiple linear regression equations. And produce student profile data that has been obtained, that the dominant student is from the FTI faculty, the dominant one is traveling, namely semester 4. The sex is dominated by male, the dominant mode of vehicle used is motorcycle, and the dominant driver's license is SIM C. Characteristics of ability found that students travel based on the amount of pocket money, expenses or vehicle operations and considerations for traveling.

Transportation Mode Choice and Sustainability

This study conducted in Bandung Regency delves into the factors influencing the choice of transportation modes for tourists and provides practical insights. Specifically, the research examines the influence of park-and-ride security, travel time savings, and travel costs on the selection of private vehicles and shuttle buses. The findings emphasize the importance of sustainable transportation facilities and efficient public transport services, offering a practical roadmap for addressing transportation needs for tourists in Bandung Regency. With a focus on the park-and-ride concept, this research identifies and analyzes the factors influencing mode choice between private vehicles and public transportation. The study was conducted in Ciwidey, a natural tourism area in Bandung Regency, which offers diverse attractions such as nature-based tourism, ancient sites, culinary experiences, and water tourism. The findings of this research aim to contribute to the improvement of sustainable transportation and mobility choices for tourists while alleviating traffic congestion and environmental impact in Bandung Regency's tourism areas.