Transplantation Of Endometrial Tissue Research Articles

Inhibition of TP signaling promotes endometriosis growth and neovascularization.

Endometriosis is highly dependent on angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis. Prostaglandin E2, an arachidonic acid metabolite, has been shown to promote the formation of new blood and lymphatic vessels. However, the role of another arachidonic acid metabolite, thromboxane A2 (TXA2) in angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis during endometriosis remains largely unexplored. Using a murine model of ectopic endometrial transplantation, fragments from the endometrium of WT donor mice were transplanted into the peritoneal walls of recipient WT mice (WT→WT), resulting in an increase in both the area and density of blood and lymphatic vessels. Upon transplantation of endometrial tissue from thromboxane prostanoid (TP) receptor (TXA2 receptor)‑deficient (TP‑/‑) mice into TP‑/‑ mice (TP‑/‑→TP‑/‑), an increase in implant growth, angiogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis were observed along with upregulation of pro‑angiogenic and lymphangiogenic factors, including vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGFs). Similar results were obtained using a thromboxane synthase (TXS) inhibitor in WT→WT mice. Furthermore, TP‑/‑→TP‑/‑ mice had a higher number of F4/80+ cells than that of WT→WT mice, with increased expression of genes related to the anti‑inflammatory macrophage phenotype in endometrial lesions. In cultured bone marrow (BM)‑derived macrophages, the levels of VEGF‑A, VEGF‑C, and VEGF‑D decreased in a TP‑dependent manner. Furthermore, TP signaling affected the polarization of cultured BM‑derived macrophages to the anti‑inflammatory phenotype. These findings imply that inhibition of TP signaling promotes endometrial implant growth and neovascularization.

Endometriosis and regional lymph node involvement in a rat model

To establish an experimental bowel endometriosis model in the rat and to investigate regional lymph node involvement. Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to autologous transplantation of endometrial tissue to the ileocecum by laparotomy. After two months, endometriotic lesions and mesenteric lymph nodes were harvested by repeat laparotomy subjected to histologic assessment regarding the histologically verified presence of endometriosis in the ileocecum and in mesenteric lymph nodes. A total of 20 rats were subjected to autologous transplantation of endometrial tissue to the ileocecum. Ileocecal endometriosis was successfully induced in 19/20 (95%) rats. In 18/20 animals, the mesenteric lymph node was identified and resected. Regional lymph node involvement by endometriosis was identified in 0/18 mesenteric lymph nodes. Endometriosis can be successfully induced in a rat model by autologous transplantation of endometrial tissue. In this experimental rodent endometriosis model, regional mesenteric lymph node involvement by endometriosis was not identified.

Extrapelvic endometriosis in Nigeria

Reported are five cases of extrapelvic endometriosis encountered in Black women who presented with inguinal or abdominal nodules to the Jos University Teaching Hospital in central Nigeria during 1988-95. In each case endometriosis was confirmed at microscopic examination. In four cases extrapelvic endometriosis followed uterine surgery (myomectomy cesarean section and hysterectomy). Transplantation of endometrial tissue during uterine surgery may have occurred. Pelvic endometriosis should be considered in African women with subcutaneous nodules especially those with cyclic pain or bleeding or a history of recent uterine surgery.

THE EFFECT OF HYSTERECTOMY UPON THE OVARY WITH REFERENCE TO A POSSIBLE HORMONAL ACTION OF THE ENDOMETRIUM UPON THE OVARY

THE PROBLEM of the fate of the ovaries following hysterectomy is still underdiscussion. Many believe that the removal of the uterus initiates atrophic changes in theovaries with subsequent onset of menopausal symptoms. Others maintain that the uterus hasno direct influence upon ovarian function, and that whatever changes are brought about are subsequent either to mechanical trauma, or to interference with ovarian blood supply following operation. Early workers (1–5) established the fact that abnormal changes occur in the ovary of laboratory animals following hysterectomy. Others (6, 7, 8) attempted to prevent the development of such changes by transplantation of endometrial tissue. Within recent years the suggestion has appeared that the uterus elaborates a hormone with a definite action upon the ovary (9, 10). In an experimental study on rabbits, Sessums and Murphy (11) concludedthat a degenerative effect upon the ovaries is produced by removal of the uterus and thatautotransplantation of endometrial tis...