Transmission Of Text Data Research Articles

Voice over internet protocol codec performance in interactive streaming environment

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is an interactive telecommunication technology that suggests shared, cooperative, and quality transactions in the form of communications over the internet. VoIP normally differs from traditional and conventional circuit-based networks in the form of a low rate because all the communication takes place through the internet. The user has to pay only for an internet connection. Real-time voice data transmission is very difficult when compared with ordinary text data transmission. A main challenge in telecom engineering is maintaining quality. The VoIP transmission faces a lot of inconvenience. It suffers from packet loss, low quality, jitter, delay, and on-time delivery. These parameters influence and degrade performance. The codec plays a major role in VoIP transmission. This paper reports on the fundamental functionalities of VoIP, including coder and decoder operations for quality output, broadcast technology, VoIP connection setups, advantages, applications, and emerging trends in VoIP. The performance of various codecs was analyzed to identify the most suitable codec for voice transmission.

PCSS: Privacy Preserving Communication Scheme for SDN Enabled Smart Homes

Smart home technology, also known as home automation system, allows the homeowner and residents to control and monitor the smart devices like heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC), refrigerators, doors, cameras etc. These features facilitate the users by providing a safe and well-suited environment. However, at the same time these connected devices could be exploited by cybercriminals due to overlooked inbuilt security and privacy concerns of these devices. Because of no authentication and plain text data transmission, intruders can get user profiles, learn user behavior, and can even inject malwares in an unauthenticated devices. Therefore, authentication and privacy preserving user queries remain the key issues in wide adaptation of such technologies. Because of the above mentioned problems, the traditional security solutions cannot be deployed in the low processing devices. Therefore, to overcome the security issues of these low processing gadgets, a network level, lightweight cryptographic security mechanisms are necessitated where the processing is done at the network level middle box rather than low resources end devices. In this aspect, the evolving networking paradigm Software Defined Networking (SDN) offers such properties like programmability, agility, centralized management, and vendor neutrality that overcome the conventional networking control, management, and security problems. The controller of SDN at the control layer manages all the computation and complexities at the network level, rather than at the smart devices. Therefore, in this research, we present a privacy preserving communication scheme for SDN-enabled smart homes (PCSS), which aims at provisioning user and smart device authentication, privacy for data (rest and transit), and user queries. It hinders the learning and modification of data by an intruder during the transmission and features mutual authentication of user, controller, and smart device. PCSS, also offers privacy preserving user queries for the smart homes. This is achieved by proposing a symmetric key based lightweight authentication and searchable encrypted queries protocol. We further highlighted that the experimental results show the efficacy and usefulness of PCSS scheme as compared with the existing secure smart home/system protocols.

WITHDRAWN: Performance analysis of VoIP codecs in interactive streaming data environment

Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) is a novel interactive telecommunication equipment. A main challenge of telecom engineering is maintaining quality. VoIP suggests shared, cooperative and quality transactions in the form of communications over the internet. VoIP normally contracts from traditional and conventional circuit based networks in the form of low rate communication. Real time voice data transmission is very difficult when compare with ordinary text data transmission. The VoIP transmission faces lot of inconvenience. It suffers from packet loss, low quality, jitter, delay and delivery. These parameters influence and degrades the performance. The codec plays major role in VoIP transmission. This paper reports the elementary functionalities of VoIP, coder, decoder functioning in the form of quality output, the broadcast technology, and set up connections of VoIP, advantages, applications and forthcoming crazes of VoIP.

ESIM‐OFDM‐based transceiver design of a visible light communication system

SummaryVisible light communication (VLC) system has been becoming a potential technology for short‐range data communication over wireless optical channel. In this paper, a real‐time state‐of‐the‐art VLC system prototype is implemented mainly based on enhanced subcarrier index modulation orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (ESIM‐OFDM) modulation scheme. The prototype has been designed using NI cDAQ hardware equipment programmed in matlab/labview. In other words, the developed VLC transceiver labview model is loaded into cDAQ to perform real‐time transmission of text data. The design mainly comprises VLC transmitter, VLC receiver, interfacing NI cDAQ with labview, and implementation of ESIM‐OFDM. It should be noted that the direct output of ESIM‐OFDM is not suitable to drive VLC transmitter circuit; therefore, the key contribution lies in making use of sigma–delta modulator to modify ESIM‐OFDM output to produce constant current signal which in turn could drive VLC transmitter. The second main contribution of the work targets the luminous properties of the designed transmitter that have experimentally been characterized using a LUX meter. Finally, the last contribution of the work is the simulation carried out to analyze the performance of the proposed system with other existing VLC modulation schemes. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Secure transmission of images based on chaotic systems and cipher block chaining

The ever-growing penetration of communication networks, digital and Internet technologies in our everyday lives has the transmission of text data, as well as multimedia data such as images and videos, possible. Digital images have a vast usage in a number of applications, including medicine and providing security authentication, for example. This applicability becomes evident when images, such as walking or people’s facial features, are utilized in their identification. Considering the required security level and the properties of images, different algorithms may be used. After key generation using logistic chaos signals, a scrambling function is utilized for image agitation in both horizontal and vertical axes, and then a block-chaining mode of operation may be applied to encrypt the resultant image. The results demonstrate that using the proposed method drastically degrades the correlation between the image components and also the entropy is increased to an acceptable level. Therefore, the image will become greatly resistant to differential attacks. However, the increasing scrambling rounds and the decreasing number of bits of the blocks result in increasing the entropy and decreasing the correlation.