Transmission Of Digital Information Research Articles

Identifying core IoT technologies using ARM and FCM: A comprehensive data-driven method

The internet of things (IoT) technology has garnered significant attention in recent years due to its wide-ranging applications. IoT, with its high connectivity capabilities, integrates various industrial, domestic, and agricultural devices into a smart and remotely controllable software and hardware platform. The field of IoT technology is expansive and encompasses a multitude of sub-technologies. Identifying core technologies in this domain is crucial for guiding research and development efforts by companies. Given the interrelation of these core technologies and their combination with recent decision-making approaches, network-based strategies have recently received special attention. The developed methods are based on static conditions and the assumption of stability, while in emerging technologies like IoT, the pace of changes over time is high. This leads to changes in the importance of technologies under various scenarios.In this study, in order to analyze the extracted patent data, association rule mining (ARM) algorithms were applied to identify the relationships between technologies and social network analysis was used to analyze the relationships between technologies and estimate their initial weights. Finally, fuzzy cognitive map (FCM) were used to estimate the final weights of technologies and rank them. The fcm approach allows for simultaneous modeling of both static and dynamic states of the system and, on the other hand, by calculating under various scenarios, suggests a core technology that is sustainable.The research results show that digital information transmission technologies, digital or electrical data processing, and wireless communication networks are the most important sub-technologies of Internet of things.

Разработка и исследование подхода к обработке сигналов цифровых измерительных трансформаторов тока и напряжения

During the development of secondary systems of stations and substations, including relay protection, automation, control, electricity metering, etc., qualitative changes have recently occurred due to the introduction of digital technologies. The introduction of digital technologies is supported by innovative development programs such as “Digital Transformation 2030”. The introduction of digital technologies is associated with the use of digital data transmission channels according to uniform standards. Projects of “digital substations” are being actively implemented with the transmission of digital information at all levels, including the primary equipment, the transmission of information both from current and voltage measuring transformers, and from switching devices. Currently, digital instrument transformers are actively being developed and implemented, in which information about measured currents and voltages is presented in digital code. New approaches to measure primary currents and voltages, and transmit information pose new challenges, and open prospects for improving signal processing methods used for relay protection purposes. Thus, the relevant aim of the study is the development and research of approaches to digital processing of signals of digital instrument current and voltage transformers. To solve the problems posed within the framework of this study, analytical and numerical solution methods have been used. Numerical methods are applied using software products such as MathCAD and the Python programming language to generate signals and display them on graphs. To substantiate the reliability, verification of the results obtained by different methods is carried out. The authors have formulated an approach to digital processing of signals obtained using current sensors of a digital instrument transformer. The authors have studied the approach to determine synchronized current vector values by processing information received from primary current converters. The characteristics of the algorithm for obtaining a vector have been analyzed and the dependences of errors on the influence of distorting factors have been plotted. The proposed approach is a development of the existing approach to obtain a vector by getting information from current sensors operating on different physical principles. The results show the advantages of the proposed method. The proposed digital signal processing algorithm is more technically expensive since it contains at least two metrologically calibrated measuring channels instead of one. However, all other things being equal, it allows to increase the accuracy and speed of the digital processing algorithms taken as a prototype. The results obtained can be used to formulate algorithms for measuring relay protection devices.

Designing and Implementation of a Digitalized Intersectoral Discharge Management System and Its Effect on Readmissions: Mixed Methods Approach.

Digital transformation offers new opportunities to improve the exchange of information between different health care providers, including inpatient, outpatient and care facilities. As information is especially at risk of being lost when a patient is discharged from a hospital, digital transformation offers great opportunities to improve intersectoral discharge management. However, most strategies for improvement have focused on structures within the hospital. This study aims to evaluate the implementation of a digitalized discharge management system, the project "Optimizing instersectoral discharge management" (SEKMA, derived from the German Sektorübergreifende Optimierung des Entlassmanagements), and its impact on the readmission rate. A mixed methods design was used to evaluate the implementation of a digitalized discharge management system and its impact on the readmission rate. After the implementation, the congruence between the planned (logic model) and the actual intervention was evaluated using a fidelity analysis. Finally, bivariate and multivariate analyses were used to evaluate the effectiveness of the implementation on the readmission rate. For this purpose, a difference-in-difference approach was adopted based on routine data of hospital admissions between April 2019 and August 2019 and between April 2022 and August 2022. The department of vascular surgery served as the intervention group, in which the optimized discharge management was implemented in April 2022. The departments of internal medicine and cardiology formed the control group. Overall, 26 interviews were conducted, and we explored 21 determinants, which can be categorized into 3 groups: "optimization potential," "barriers," and "enablers." On the basis of these results, 19 strategies were developed to address the determinants, including a lack of networking among health care providers, digital information transmission, and user-unfriendliness. On the basis of these strategies, which were prioritized by 11 hospital physicians, a logic model was formulated. Of the 19 strategies, 7 (37%; eg, electronic discharge letter, providing mobile devices to the hospital's social service, and generating individual medication plans in the format of the national medication plan) have been implemented in SEKMA. A survey on the fidelity of the application of the implemented strategies showed that 3 of these strategies were not yet widely applied. No significant effect of SEKMA on readmissions was observed in the routine data of 14,854 hospital admissions (P=.20). This study demonstrates the potential of optimizing intersectoral collaboration for patient care. Although a significant effect of SEKMA on readmissions has not yet been observed, creating a digital ecosystem that connects different health care providers seems to be a promising approach to ensure secure and fast networking of the sectors. The described intersectoral optimization of discharge management provides a structured template for the implementation of a similar local digital care networking infrastructure in other care regions in Germany and other countries with a similarly fragmented health care system.

Metasurface-based wireless communication technology and its applications

Metasurfaces, due to their outstanding ability to control electromagnetic waves, have great application prospects in the field of wireless communication. This paper provides a comprehensive review of research work based on metasurface in three aspects: wireless power transfer, wireless information transmission, and novel wireless transceiver architectures. In the domain of wireless power transfer, several focusing metasurfaces and systems with unique performance are presented along with a new formula for calculating wireless power transfer. Concerning wireless information transmission section, the direct digital information transmission based on metasurface and the information transmission based on space-time-coding digital metasurface are introduced. Lastly, a simplified wireless transceiver with metasurfaces was introduced. The paper concludes with a discussion on the future directions of metasurfaces in the wireless communication domain.

Formation of sets of five-fold Gold-type sequences for digital information transmission systems

Formation of sets of five-fold Gold-type sequences for digital information transmission systems

Способы снижения рисков адвокатской деятельности в цифровую эпоху

The author of the article draws attention to the new risks faced nowadays by the advocates providing qualified legal assistance to citizens and organizations. These risks are associated with the storage and transmission of digital information. According to the author, despite the fact that technology has made it much easier for both advocates to provide qualified legal assistance and for clients to receive it, technology has also created a num-ber of risks that must be taken into account in order to avoid disclosure of confidential information. First of all, it is important to be able to identify potentially dangerous situations in order to timely assess and then reduce the level of riskiness of advocacy. The author of the article provides a number of possible measures, the imple-mentation of which will reduce technological threats arising in the course of the implementation of the advo-cate’s professional duties, as well as offers other measures aimed at minimizing the risks associated with the storage and transmission of digital information as part of the advocate’s activities.

Logic Gate Circuits Based on CeOx/WOy Memristor for the Odd/Even Checker and Encryption/Decryption of Image Applications

AbstractDue to its powerful brain‐like parallel computing and efficient data processing capabilities, memristors are considered to be the core components for building the next generation of artificial intelligence systems. In this study, the CeOx/WOy heterojunction is employed as the functional layer, and various metal materials are utilized as the top electrode to fabricate the memristor. The results indicate that the memristive performance of the Ag/CeOx/WOy/ITO device can be improved by using Ag as the top electrode. By studying the conductivity mechanism of the device, a conductivity model is established that regulates oxygen vacancies and Ag conductive filaments. Furthermore, using the as‐prepared memristor, it is constructed four basic digital logic circuits: OR, AND, XOR, and XNOR, as well as a half adder and a full adder that can be used for digital arithmetic operations. Specifically, an odd/even checker is developed based on XOR and XNOR logic circuits to verify the correctness of data transmission. Finally, it is also designed and implemented a cryptographic array based on a memristor, which can be applied to encrypt and decrypt a series of numbers and images. Therefore, this work extends the application of memristor toward digital circuits, information transmission, data processing and image security encryption.

Research on the evolution and determinants of knowledge transfer network in patent-intensive industries

PurposeThis study aims to investigate the structural characteristics, spatial evolution paths and internal driving mechanisms of the knowledge transfer (KT) network in China’s patent-intensive industries (PIIs). The authors' goal is to provide valuable insights to inform policy-making that fosters the development of relevant industries. The authors also aim to offer a fresh perspective for future spatiotemporal studies on industrial KT and innovation networks.Design/methodology/approachIn this study, the authors analyze the patent transfer (PT) data of listed companies in China’s information and communication technology (ICT) industry, spanning from 2010 to 2021. The authors use social network analysis and the quadratic assignment procedure (QAP) method to explore the problem of China’s PIIs KT from the perspectives of technical characteristics evolution, network and spatial evolution and internal driving mechanisms.FindingsThe results indicate that the knowledge fields involved in the PT of China’s ICT industry primarily focus on digital information transmission technology. From 2010 to 2021, the scale of the ICT industry’s KT network expanded rapidly. However, the polarization of industrial knowledge distribution is becoming more serious. QAP regression analysis shows that economic proximity and geographical proximity do not affect KT activities. The similarity of knowledge application capacity, innovation capacity and technology demand categories in various regions has a certain degree of impact on KT in the ICT industry.Originality/valueThe current research on PIIs mainly focuses on measuring economic contributions and innovation efficiency, but less on KT in PIIs. This study explores KT in PIIs from the perspectives of technological characteristics, network and spatial evolution. The authors propose a theoretical framework to understand the internal driving mechanisms of industrial KT networks.

New opportunities for studying digital information transmission technologies using Cisco equipment

New opportunities for studying digital information transmission technologies using Cisco equipment

Building a fashion influencer image on Instagram

This article examines the shift from analogue to digital transmission of information; the metaphor of virtual community, and the everyday life of social networks. It also studies the construction of virtual identity taking place under the influence of the influencer system on the Internet. Viewing fashion as a process of constant production and reproduction of the social, of imitation as a means of social adaptation, the text examines the transformation of fashion into a primarily digital representation through influencer marketing. The analogue and digital evolution of codes is distinct, and the need of media and digital literacy are a growing challenge for modern society. This work will provide a clearer delineation of the fluid nature of identity and social belonging as well-articulated behaviors.

Formation of sets of ternary Kasami-like sequences for digital information transmission systems

Formation of sets of ternary Kasami-like sequences for digital information transmission systems

Formation of sets of ternary Gold-like sequences for digital information transmission and processing systems

Formation of sets of ternary Gold-like sequences for digital information transmission and processing systems

Method for the Formation of Non-Binary Gordon–Mills–Welch Sequences for Digital Information Transmission Systems

Method for the Formation of Non-Binary Gordon–Mills–Welch Sequences for Digital Information Transmission Systems

Method for the Formation of Non-Binary Gordon – Mills – Welch Sequences for Digital Information Transmission Systems

In this paper, we develop a method for the formation of non-binary Gordon–Mills–Welch sequences (GMWSs) with a period of N = p^(mn) – 1 that are formed over field GF(p) based on the generalization of the binary sequence formation method. An expression for calculating the vector of decimation indices А_m,n,r of the basic M-sequence (MS) for summable sequences in the synthesis of GMWS is obtained. A method for the formation of non-binary GMWSs for arbitrary MSs is presented. The values of the components of the C_m,n,r shift vector of a basic MS are shown to depend on the distribution of digits at the positions of the pth representation of the corresponding decimation indices.

Global governance for digital sequence information on genetic resources: Demand, progress and reforming paths

AbstractThe cross‐border transmission of digital sequence information (DSI) on genetic resources is an emerging global governance issue, particularly since its inclusion in the post‐2020 framework of the Convention on Biological Diversity. Based on a brief review of the value of DSI and the need for global governance, this paper identifies three elemental regimes on ‘physical’ genetic resources that are in conflict: divergent principles of sovereignty claim, global multilateral sharing and intellectual property rights protection. It then traces the progress of each elemental regime on DSI and describes their ongoing conflicts. Two reform strategies for better governance are suggested: one gradual and path‐dependent and one more radical. The basis of the radical strategy is to promote labour division and cooperation among institutions of different elemental regimes within a three‐layered system of DSI values.

Exploring the Effects of LED-Based Visible Light Communication on Reading and Color Perception in Indoor Environments: An Experimental Study.

Visible light communications (VLC) is a technology that enables the transmission of digital information with a light source. VLC is nowadays seen as a promising technology for indoor applications, helping WiFi to handle the spectrum crunch. Possible indoor applications range from Internet connection at home/office to multimedia content delivery in a museum. Despite the vast interest of researchers in both theoretical analysis and experimentation on VLC technology, no studies have been carried out on the human perceptions of objects illuminated by VLC-based lamps. It is important to define if a VLC lamp decreases the reading capability or modifies the color perception in order to make VLC a technology appropriate for everyday life use. This paper describes the results of psychophysical tests on humans to define if VLC lamps modify the perception of colors or the reading speed. The results of the reading speed test showed a 0.97 correlation coefficient between tests with and without VLC modulated light, leading us to conclude that there is no difference in the reading speed capability with and without VLC-modulated light. The results of the color perception test showed a Fisher exact test p-value of 0.2351, showing that the perception of color is not influenced by the presence of the VLC modulated light.

Sets of Nonbinary Sequences with a Low Level of Mutual Correlation for Systems of Digital Information Transmission

The sets of nonbinary pseudorandom sequences (NPSs) for periods N = p^S– 1 20 000 (p = 3, 5,7, and 11) generated in finite fields GF(pS) whose power is V = N + 1 and the maximum of the module of peaks of the periodic autocorrelation function (PACF) and periodic cross-correlation function (PCCF) satisfy the bounds obtained by Sidel’nikov. In addition to the minimal polynomials of elements α and α^2 , where α is a primitive element of field GF(p^S), the minimal polynomials of elements α and α^(i_d)(i_d is the decimation index) are determined on the basis of which the new sets of NPSs can be formed with the equivalent correlation properties. Sets of indices i_d 2 are determined for various combinations of parameters p and S. The cases of even and odd values of parameter S are considered, for which the values of the PACF and PCCF with the maximum module are obtained and the number and values of different levels of correlation functions are determined.

Sets of Nonbinary Sequences with a Low Level of Mutual Correlation for Systems of Digital Information Transmission

Sets of Nonbinary Sequences with a Low Level of Mutual Correlation for Systems of Digital Information Transmission

Experiments on direct chaotic differentially coherent data transmission in a wired communication channel

Methods of differentially coherent information transmission using noise signals are of interest because of the impossibility of implementing the known methods of correlation reception for such signals. With a potentially higher noise immunity compared to the methods of information transmission based on chaotic synchronization, however, they have a feature that does not allow transceivers to be implemented in practice. The transmitter and receiver of the scheme, based on already known methods of differentially coherent transmission, require a time delay comparable to the duration of the transmitted bits. With an analog implementation of the scheme this leads to a physical length of the delay line of tens of meters or more. Previously, the authors proposed and studied a differentially coherent transmission scheme in which there are no long delays. In this scheme, the duration of delays in the transmitter and receiver is determined not by the duration of the bit, but by the decay time of the autocorrelation function of the chaotic signal. Purpose of this work is to experimentally demonstrate the possibility of physical implementation of a direct-chaotic differentially coherent information transmission scheme in a wired communication channel. Methods. For this, a layout of the communication scheme, transmitting a binary data stream in the frequency range from 200 to 500 MHz, was designed and assembled. The layout is an ultrawideband differentially coherent transmitter and receiver connected via a wired channel. Results of the experiment are in full agreement with the previously obtained results of the analytical evaluations, as well as with the data of computer simulation. Conclusion. In the course of the research, a transceiver layout of a differentially coherent ultra-wideband direct chaotic communication scheme was developed, designed and manufactured. For the first time, experiments on the transmission of digital information were carried out on it, and thereby the practical feasibility and operability of the proposed direct chaotic differentially coherent transmission scheme were proved.

FEATURES OF MODERN TV PRODUCTION TECHNOLOGY

Modern television production is characterized by the use of information technology and the transition to high-definition formats Ultra HD 4K and 8K. This entails high speeds of digital information transmission and large volumes of media information storage. In television production and broadcasting, two main trends can be identified – improving image quality, its resolution and increasing frame rates and the transition to IP and open communication standards, which indicates the merging of television and information technologies. After the advent of digital TV, it became even more obvious how much the impact of television on the viewer depends on the method of presenting the material, and therefore on the choice of technical means for producing TV programs. The improvement of TV production indicators was facilitated by the widespread introduction of non-linear editing technologies, which initially involve working with video and audio materials in digital format. An important step in the development of television technologies is the use of modern data storage systems based on information and network methods. The article discusses the technologies and features of TV production and the use of network systems, including Network Attached Storage and Storage Area Network.