Transmission Control Protocol Tahoe Research Articles

A survey of transmission control protocol variants

TCP (Transmission Control Protocol), is a reliable connection oriented end-to-end protocol. It contains within itself, mechanisms for ensuring reliability by requiring the receiver to acknowledge the segments that it receives. The network is not perfect and a small percentage of packets are lost enroute, either due to network error or due to the fact that there is congestion in the network and the routers are dropping packets. TCP ensures reliability by starting a timer whenever it sends a segment. If it does not receive an acknowledgement from the receiver within the ‘time-out’ interval then it retransmits the segment. In this paper a review of various TCP is carried out. There are a number of TCP variants for application in the management of network efficiency in terms of network congestion and transmission efficiency. These variants include: - TCP Tahoe, TCP Reno, TCP New Reno, TCP Vegas, TCP SACK, TCP FACK, TCP Asym, TCP RBP, Full TCP and TCP CUBIC. Therefore, the main objective of this paper is to study the tcp types on the network performance variances. All have different features and advantages but with maximal throughput as main objective, which are termed as the clones of TCP, have been incorporated into TCP/IP protocol for handling congestion efficiently in different network scenarios.

Analysis of TCP Issues and Their Possible Solutions in the Internet of Things

The Internet of Things (IoT) is widely known as a revolutionary paradigm that offers communication among different types of devices. The primary goal of this paradigm is to implement efficient and high-quality smart services. It requires a protocol stack that offers different service requirements for inter-communication between different devices. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User Datagram Protocol (UDP) are used as transport layer protocols in IoT to provide the quality of service needed in various IoT devices. IoT encounters many shortcomings of wireless networks, while also posing new challenges due to its uniqueness. When TCP is used in an IoT system, a variety of challenging issues have to be dealt with. This paper provides a comprehensive survey of various issues which arises due to the heterogeneous characteristics of IoT. We identify main issues such as Retransmission Timeout (RTO) algorithm issue, congestion and packet loss issue, header overhead, high latency issue, link layer interaction issue, etc. Moreover, we provide several most probable solutions to the above-mentioned issues in the case of IoT scenarios. RTO algorithm issue has been resolved by using algorithms such as CoCoA, CoCoA+, and CoCoA++. Apart from these, the high latency issue has been solved with the help of a long lived connection and TCP Fast open. Congestion and packet loss issue has been resolved by using several TCP variants such as TCP New Reno, Tahoe, Reno, Vegas, and Westwood.

Performance Evaluation of TCP Vegas over TCP Reno and TCP NewReno over TCP Reno

In the Transport layer, there are two types of Internet Protocol are worked, namely- Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) and User datagram protocol (UDP). TCP provides connection oriented service and it can handle congestion control, flow control, and error detection whereas UDP does not provide any of service. TCP has several congestion control mechanisms such as TCP Reno, TCP Vegas, TCP New Reno, TCP Tahoe, etc. In this paper, we have focused on the behavior performance between TCP Reno and TCP Vegas, TCP New Reno over TCP Reno, when they share the same bottleneck link at the router. For instigating this situation, we used drop-tail and RED algorithm at the router and used NS-2 simulator for simulation. From the simulation results, we have observed that the performance of TCP Reno and TCP Vegas is different in two cases. In drop tail algorithm, TCP Reno achieves better Performance and throughput and act more an aggressive than Vegas. In Random Early Detection (RED) algorithm, both of congestion control mechanism provides better fair service when they coexist at the same link. TCP NewReno provides better performance than TCP Reno.

RESEARCH ON TCP/IP CONGESTION CONTROL BASED ON NS-2 NETWORK SIMULATION PLATFORM

The emergence of the Internet facilitates people's lives. Although the network bandwidth increases rapidly, channel resources are limited and network congestion is bound to occur. In order to alleviate network congestion and improve service quality, this paper simply introduced four transmission control protocol (TCP) congestion control algorithms and network simulation-2 (NS-2) network simulation platform for simulating the network environment. Then the performance of four TCP congestion control algorithms in congested network and high bandwidth networks is simulated and analyzed on NS-2 simulation platform. The results showed that TCP Vegas has stable performance in both congested and high-bandwidth networks, and not only the change of cwnd is stable, but also the total number of packets sent and the average throughput are more, and the packet loss rate is 0; the performance of the other three algorithms is consistent in high bandwidth network, In crowded networks, TCP Tahoe performs worst, TCP Reno performs generally, and TCP SACK performs well; TCP Vegas performs poorly on average latency. In summary, TCP Vegas can be used stably in congested networks and high bandwidth networks, but considering the average delay, it is more inclined to apply the other three algorithms in high bandwidth networks.

Performance analysis of different architectures and TCP congestion-avoidance algorithms using WMN-GA simulation system

In this paper, we evaluate the performance of two Wireless Mesh Networks (WMNs) architectures considering throughput, delay, jitter and fairness index metrics. For simulations, we used ns-3, Distributed Coordination Function (DCF) and Optimized Link State Routing (OLSR). We compare the performance of WMN for different Transmission Control Protocol (TCP): Tahoe, Reno and NewReno considering normal and uniform distributions of mesh clients by sending multiple Constant Bit Rate (CBR) flows in the network. The simulation results show that for normal and uniform distributions and both WMN architectures, the PDR values are almost the same. For Hybrid WMN, the throughput of TCP NewReno is good, but for I/B WMN, the throughput of TCP Tahoe is higher than other algorithms. For normal distribution, the delay and jitter of I/B WMN are lower compared with Hybrid WMN, while for uniform distribution, the delay and jitter of TCP NewReno are a little bit lower compared with other algorithms. The fairness index of normal distribution is higher than uniform distribution.

A Survey on TCP Congestion Control Schemes in Guided Media and Unguided Media Communication

Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is a widely used end-to-end transport protocol in the Internet. This End to End delivery in wired (Guided) as well as wireless (Unguided) network improves the performance of transport layer or Transmission control Protocol (TCP) characterized by negligible random packet losses. This paper represents tentative study of TCP congestion control principles and mechanisms. Modern implementations of TCP hold four intertwined algorithms: slow start, congestion avoidance, fast retransmits, and fast recovery in addition to the standard algorithms used in common implementations of TCP. This paper describes the performance characteristics of four representative TCP schemes, namely TCP Tahoe, Reno, New Reno and Vegas under the condition of congested link capacities for wired network as well as wireless

English

The employment of the existing protocols such as Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) cannot achieve the requirements of high-speed networks such as long term evolution advanced (LTE-A) due to the large-bandwidth and low-latency links used in this network. LTE-A network is the continuation of 3GPP-LTE (3GPP: 3rd Generation Partnership Project) and it is targeted to advanced development of the requirements of LTE in terms of throughput and coverage. Then, LTE-A is not new as a radio access technology, but it is an evolution of LTE to enhance the performance. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance the TCP variants such as improving the congestion control performance over LTE-A to make these variants fulfills the needs of the huge data which transferred over the secured links. This article offered comparative evaluation and estimation of the queue size performed by different TCP source variants over traffic model of LTE-A system using the Network Simulator 2 (NS-2).The queue size measurement proved that TCP Vegas performed better than TCP Tahoe and TCP Reno that are used in the simulation scenario.   Keywords: Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A), queue size, Transmission Control Protocol (TCP), Network Simulator 2 (NS-2).

Performance Comparison of Mobile Ad Hoc Network Routing Protocol and Transmission Control Protocol

In this work the Performance Comparison of Mobile Ad Hoc Network (MANET) Routing Protocols and Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) was investigated in order to evaluate the performance of Routing Protocols (AODV, DSR and TORA) and TCP (Tahoe, Reno and New Reno). The Model that represented the hypothetical network was developed and simulated using OMNet++ 4.1. The three Routing protocols were tested upon each of the three variants of Transmission Control Protocol. End to end throughput was the performance parameter (metric) used for the evaluation of Routing protocols and TCP performance.

Impact of Doppler spread and adaptive modulation on TCP throughput in Rayleigh fading channels

A number of wireless systems have recently adopted adaptive modulation (AM) schemes to improve its efficiency. In this letter, our aim is to study the impact Doppler spread and adaptive modulation has on transmission control protocol (TCP) throughput in Rayleigh fading channels. We consider a finite state Markov channel (FSMC) model, which is a useful model for analyzing radio channel with nonindependent fading. Furthermore, we use a Markov model for TCP evolution and evaluate the TCP performance by computer simulations. In our simulations we have compared the TCP Reno scheme with TCP Tahoe scheme. The results indicate that a large Doppler spread leads to lower TCP throughput due to more frequent transitions of channel states and modulation schemes which make it difficult for the TCP congestion control mechanism to accommodate the dynamic link characteristics.