Canine Transmigration Research Articles

Prevalence, etiology, clinical features and management associated with impacted and transmigrated mandibular canines: a systematic review

BackgroundThe occurrence of mandibular canine impaction and/ or transmigration is a rare clinical entity but diagnosis and treatment planning is of clinical significance. The associated etiological factors and the clinical guidelines for the management are still not clear.The aim of this systematic review was to summarize the available data to report the prevalence and identify the etiological factors, clinical features, and various treatment outcomes in patients with mandibular canine impaction and/or transmigration.MethodsThe review protocol was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42021222566) and was conducted and reported according to the PRISMA and Cochrane Handbook / Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses statement. A computerized search of studies published up to April 30, 2023, was conducted using the following databases: Medline, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Scopus, Web of Science, and Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature. A manual search of the reference and citation lists of eligible articles and existing systematic reviews for any additions were also conducted. The Newcastle–Ottawa Scale quality assessment tool was used to assess the studies' quality.ResultsAfter removing 6 duplicates, 3700 articles were identified. For the final analysis, 19 studies published between 1985 and 2023 met all the eligibility criteria and were included. A total of 7 studies presented as good and 12 studies presented as satisfactory. Patients were screened in ten studies and diagnostic records from archives were retrieved in nine studies. The total number of diagnostic records screened was 138.394, and the total number of patients from the included studies was 43.127.ConclusionsBased on the findings from this systematic review, the prevalence of mandibular canine impaction ranged from 0.008% to 1.29% while canine transmigration from 0.12% to 0.98%. Crowding of the mandibular arch, the presence of a retained deciduous canine, and odontoma or cyst are the etiological factors more commonly associated with mandibular canine impaction and or transmigration. Surgical extraction and surgical exposure followed by orthodontic traction are the two most frequently carried out treatment modalities in the management of mandibular canine impaction and or transmigration.

Comparisons of Dental Anomalies in Orthodontic Patients with Impacted Maxillary and Mandibular Canines.

To assess the presence and possible associations between the type of dental anomalies and maxillary and mandibular canine impactions in orthodontic patients treated for canine impaction, panoramic radiographs of orthodontic patients treated for canine impaction were assessed for the presence of associated dental anomalies. A random sample of orthodontic patients without canine impaction matched for age and gender served as controls. Descriptive and exact inferential statistics were implemented in order to assess potential associations between canine impaction and dental anomalies. A total of 102 orthodontic patients with 70 maxillary (MaxCI) and 32 mandibular (ManCI) canine impactions were assessed. The control group included 117 orthodontic patients. Dental anomalies were present in more than 50% of patients with impacted canines and in 20% of the controls. Tooth agenesis was significantly more common in the MaxCI group when compared to the ManCI group, while supernumerary teeth and canine transmigration were registered more often in the ManCI group. When compared to the control group, peg-shaped maxillary lateral incisors and tooth agenesis were significantly more prevalent in the MaxCI group, while canine transmigration, supernumerary teeth, the agenesis of mandibular incisors and tooth transpositions were significantly more prevalent in the ManCI group. The impaction of other teeth was significantly more common in both canine impaction groups when compared to the controls. The prevalence of dental anomalies in orthodontic patients with impacted canines was higher than in orthodontic patients without canine impaction. Different types of tooth anomalies were found in the MaxCI and ManCI groups.

Impacted Permanent Mandibular Canines: Epidemiological Evaluation.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the epidemiology of impacted and transmigrated mandibular canines in a large orthodontic population referred to the University of Turin. Panoramic radiographs, intraoral photographs, and dental casts of 2119 patients referred to the Department of Orthodontics at the University of Turin, Italy, between 1995 and 2022 were reviewed. These patients were divided into two groups. Group A included 1479 patients found in the Dental School archive before 2017, more specifically between 1995 and 2017. These patients were examined in order to calculate the prevalence of impacted and transmigrated mandibular canines. From 2017 to 2022, the records of 640 new patients were examined (GROUP B) in order to calculate the incidence of these occurrences. The prevalence of mandibular canine impaction in Group A was found to be 1.7%, with a total of 25 patients having mandibular canine impaction. A prevalence of 0.3% was found for mandibular canine transmigration (Group A). The incidence of mandibular canine impaction was found to be 2%, with a total of 13 patients with mandibular canine impaction (Group B). Mandibular canine transmigration was found in 1 of 640 participants (Group B). Twenty-five of 1479 patients had impacted mandibular canines, resulting in a prevalence value of 1.7%. The incidence was found to be 2%, with 13 of 640 patients having impacted mandibular canines. These results show higher prevalence and incidence rates of mandibular canine impaction when compared with previously published data.

The findings of impacted and transmigrated maxillary and mandibular canines: a retrospective cone beam computed tomography study

The aim of this study was to examine and evaluate the maxillary and mandibular impacted and transmigrant canines, their relationship with neighboring tissues and pathology with cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). CBCT data of 217 patients, between January 2018 and December 2019, with a total of 293 impacted canines were retrospectively reviewed. Clinical records were also evaluated. Maxillary or mandibular localization, angulations, transmigration, lateral and premolar tooth resorption, apical dilacerations, pathological formations, presence of persistent deciduous canines and treatment methods were investigated. For 293 impacted canines, 237 were in the maxilla and 56 in the mandible, with this difference being statistically significant (P<0.05). Among the 293 impacted canines, 14 (4.8%) transmigrated canines were detected. From the 14 transmigrant canines, 13 were in the mandible and 1 was in the maxilla. This difference was found statistically significant (P<0.05). Eighteen dentigerous cysts (10 maxilla, 8 mandible) and 4 odontomas (3 maxilla, 1 mandible) were found in impacted canines. For a total of 293 impacted canines, 57 were extracted, 13 were referred to orthodontics and a follow-up decision was made for 223 teeth. Transmigration incidence is statistically significant, on a higher area of the lower jaw, compared to the upper jaw (P<0.05). In patients with impacted canines, taking CBCT together with a detailed clinical examination is effective in correct treatment planning and in minimizing complications that may occur during surgical extraction.

Dental Transmigration: An Observational Retrospective Study OF52 Mandibular Canines.

The aim of this study was to analyze the prevalence of transmigrated canines in a Spanish population by evaluating their clinical and radiological characteristics. The descriptive observational study obtained 6840 orthopantomographs from all patients seeking dental care in the years 2017-21 via the Patient Reception Service and Dentistry Service at the Faculty of Dentistry at the Complutense University of Madrid and the Central Hospital of the Red Cross of Madrid (Spain). In total, 52 patients presented transmigrated canines, establishing a prevalence of 0.76%. This sample comprised 28 women and 24 men. Whenever a transmigrated canine was identified, a CBCT scan was obtained and used to evaluate the clinical and radiological variables associated with canine transmigration. The predominant side of the transmigration was the left (57.69%) compared to the right side (42.30%). The position of the canine, in order of frequency, according to the Mupparapu classification, corresponded to type IV (42.30%), type II (36.53%), type I (15.38%), and type V (5.76%), with no type III transmigrations found. Clinical manifestations were only recorded in 17.30% of cases, and 11.53% of the radiological findings showed the presence of tooth cysts that were confirmed by histopathological studies. Other impactions, in addition to the transmigrated canine, were found in five patients (9.61%), with the majority being the presence of third molars.

Association of vertical growth pattern with canine impactions in Dravidian subjects.

Canine impaction, ectopic canines, canine transposition, canine transmigration, and agenesis are all caused by disturbances during development and eruption of the teeth. The position of the canines is of utmost importance, and they should be carefully inspected as they follow the longest path during eruption in the oral cavity and their shape and position play a major role in occlusal guidance. The prevalence of canine impaction may also be connected to the pattern of facial growth. The objective of this study was to analyze the association of vertical growth pattern and canine impaction in Dravidian population. The dental records were consulted for information. The patient information was gathered from the outpatient data records of patients who were treated with fixed orthodontic treatment at the private dental setup. Patients with canine impactions were shortlisted. Malocclusion, growth pattern, and type of impaction were recorded. The data obtained were tabulated and analyzed using statistical software. Out of 1385 subjects, 35 patients had impacted canines. Among 35 patients with impacted canines, 23 (65.71%) have a vertical growth pattern, 6 (17.14%) have an average growth pattern, and 6 (17.14%) have a horizontal growth pattern. According to the findings of this investigation, there was no gender-related difference in canine impaction. The canine impaction prevalence in Dravidian subjects was found to be 2.53%. Most of them with impacted canines had a vertical growth pattern.

Intra osseous transmigration of mandibular canines – A report of two cases

Background: A canine is classified as "transmigrated" when it crosses the midline. Transmigration of mandibular canines bilaterally is an extremely rare developmental dental ectopia with obscure etiology. Case Description:A 13 year old female and 10 year old male patient reported to the department with the chief complaint of missing teeth in the upper front teeth region and retained deciduous tooth in the lower front teeth region respectively. Panoramic radiographs revealed horizontally impacted permanent mandibular canines crossing the midline and located below the apices of the incisors. Based on the clinical, radiographic and CBCT findings, a diagnosis of transmigration of mandibular canines was established.Conclusion: Dental anomalies and pathologies such as cystic lesions, odontoma and root resorption of the adjacent teeth have been reported to be associated with transmigrated canines. Early diagnosis by radiographic evaluation and correction either by orthodontic intervention or by surgical transplantation is important to protect oral structures and preserve the canines to ensure facial harmony and improved function.

Carpenter syndrome: cone beam computed tomography pictorial review

Objective: To describe dentoalveolar findings in one pediatric patient with a very rare Carpenter syndrome or acrocephalopolysyndactyly type II, and using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).&#x0D; Case report: We found a syndromic oligodontia, upper canine transmigration, and an exceptional agenesis of four lateral incisors. We also described the fourth case in the literature of a single solitary lower incisor on the midline, and the first case ever illustrated on CBCT.&#x0D; Conclusions: We proposed and illustrated the use of the system of progressive numbering of teeth on CBCT axial views to better understand complex dental clinical situations such as syndromic oligodontia.

Bilateral Transmigration of impacted maxillary canines - Kissing Canines- Case study

An un-erupted permanent canine crossing the midline is called transmigration and is considered to be an unusual event.1 The incidence of maxillary canine impaction ranges between 0.8–2.8%. The proper diagnosis of the transmigrated canines is achieved by radiographic evaluation. In this case report a rare phenomenon of bilateral impacted and migrated maxillary canines in a kissing position is discussed.

SURGICAL ACCESS OF BILATERAL TRANSMIGRATED IMPACTED MANDIBULAR CANINES: A RARE PHENOMENON - CASE REPORT

Bilateral transmigration of impacted mandibular permanent canines,an extremely uncommon occurrence.The mid-symphyseal region is where,the intraosseous tooth migration takes place.The tooth does not erupt in its usual occusal position and it crosses the mandible\'s midline. Here, a 28 year old male reported to the department of oral surgery,with chief complaints of pain and sensitivity in the lower front teeth region since 1 month. The mandibular right and left deciduous canines were seen to be retained on intraoral inspection. Orthopantomogram revealed mandibular right and left horizontal impacted permanent canines migrated towards the midline and situated below the apices of incisives.The two impacted canines were surgically removed,along with retained deciduous canines were also extracted out normally under local anaesthesia and under preoperative intravenous antibiotic medications. A follow-up on the patient is underway.

A review on prevalence rate, etiology, and management of impacted and transmigrated mandibular canines

Aim: To identify and analyze recently available data related to the incidence of occurrence, etiology, and treatment options for transmigrated mandibular canines. Materials and Methods: A computer-based search of studies published from January 2010 to May 2020 was conducted. The studies were selected from various electronic databases such as Medline, Google Scholar, Epub, Embase, and Cochrane on the basis of their title, study, design, keywords, Cochrane methodology, supplemented by a gray literature search, and reference lists of selected papers were manually scanned. Results: A total of 503 transmigrated mandibular canines were reported from 53 articles and 19 different countries. Based on the number of articles published, India topped with 22 publications followed by Turkey with eight publications. Based on the number of transmigrated mandibular canines reporting, Turkey topped the list with 167 teeth, followed by Poland with 99 canines. The frequency of canine impact in the mandible ranges from 0.92% to 5.1%, according to the results of our study, whereas that of canine transmigration ranges from 0.1% to 0.3%. The quest for literature also reveals that canine transmigration is almost limited to the mandible. The etiology of this disease has been due to several causes. Cone beam computerized tomography helps to provide specific information about their position, relationship with adjacent structures, and associated pathology. Conclusion: Early diagnosis, appropriate treatment plan, and prompt intervention to maintain the appearance of the esthetic and functional stability are the conclusions drawn.

Three-Dimensional Analysis of Impacted Maxillary and Mandibular Canines and Evaluation of Factors Associated With Transmigration on Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Images

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of canine transmigration in the maxilla and mandible and to perform a 3-dimensional examination of impacted canines (ICs) on cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images. CBCT images of 35 transmigrated and 35 nontransmigrated canines (control group) were analyzed. Associations between gender, jaw, dental anomalies associated with ICs, adjacent lateral status, the status of deciduous canine, contact of the apical region with the cortex, contact of the crown with the cortex, canine location, resorption of adjacent teeth and severity, periodontal contour of adjacent teeth, odontoma, root status of the canine, cyst formation, and age groups of patients with transmigration were evaluated. The prevalence of unilateral canine transmigration was 1.14%. Unilateral canine transmigration was less common in the mandible (0.52%) than in the maxilla (0.62%). ICs were significantly more frequently located on the lingual side. Resorption, the absence of contact between permanent and deciduous canines, and older age were significantly associated with transmigration. Resorption of adjacent teeth did not show significant differences according to transmigration status and gender, whereas nontransmigrated canines were significantly more commonly associated with periodontal destruction. The status of associated deciduous canines, location on the lingual side, and older age may be associated with transmigration of ICs. Conversely, transmigration is not significantly associated with the destruction of adjacent structures. CBCT is a valuable tool for comprehensive evaluations of impacted and transmigrated teeth.

Transmigration of a mandibular canine: case report

Transmigration of mandibular canine is an uncommon clinical condition in which impacted canine crosses the midline. Etiology of this phenomenon is unknown, but in some cases the presence of follicular cyst may be one of the causes. Canine transmigration is more prevalent in the mandible and women seem to be more affected than men. Mandibular canines play a crucial role in the oral cavity. Therefore, an early diagnosis is required, by the use of radiographs, especially orthopantomography or computed tomography. In case of transmigrated canine associated with follicular cyst, although several treatment options are described in literature, surgical extraction along with the enucleation of the cyst is the only treatment of choice. The present study describes the case report of a transmigrated canine associated with a follicular cyst located near the inferior border of the mandible in a 15-year-old female patient.

Transmigration of mandibular canines - A review of the literature and a report of five cases

Transmigration of mandibular canines - A review of the literature and a report of five cases

Transmigration of mandibular canines - A review of the literature and a report of five cases

Transmigration of the mandibular canine is very uncommon, the etiology of which isn't clear. A cuspid is classified as "transmigrated" when it cross the mid-line. We present five instances of transmigrated mandibular canines together with an audit of the writing etiology, clinical highlights, treatment alternatives, case reports and conclusion at the end.

Effect of Diagnosis by Two-Dimensional Radiography Versus CBCT on Surgical Aspects of Transmigrated Impacted Mandibular Canines.

The transmigration of mandibular canines is a rare clinical finding. The present study aimed to compare the effect of diagnosis by two-dimensional radiography and cone beam computed tomography on surgical aspects of transmigrated impacted mandibular canines. A total of 20 patients (mean age 20.18 ± 3.36years; male/female = 1.5:1), reporting to the Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery with transmigrated impacted mandibular canines and planned for surgical removal, were randomly divided into two groups of ten patients each. Group A patients were diagnosed using 2D radiographs (orthopantomograms and occlusal view radiographs), and Group B patients were diagnosed using CBCT scans. The effects of the diagnosis on surgical aspects were compared in both the groups using various intraoperative and post-operative parameters. The operating surgeons experienced lesser operating time and more accuracy in terms of prediction of surgical approach in Group B patients than in Group A. Post-operative complications, including post-operative vitality of the adjacent tooth and lower lip paraesthesia, were seen to be more in Group A patients than in Group B. Increased precision in localization of transmigrated impacted mandibular canines was seen by using CBCT, leading to better surgical experience and lesser post-operative complications.

Transmigration of cuspids: Report of three rare cases

The pre-eruptive and intraosseous migration of teeth across the midline is called as transmigration. This rare phenomenon is common in the mandible compared to the maxilla. The occurrence of bilateral transmigration of mandibular canine is even rarer than unilateral transmigration. In these three cases, two of them were unilateral transmigration and the third was bilateral transmigration. In unilateral transmigration cases, one among them showed compound odontome-induced transmigration of canine and displaced premolar toward the third molar of the same side and another with unilateral transmigration of canine just crossing the midline. The case had bilaterally transmigrated canines. The occurrence of bilateral transmigration of the mandibular canine is very rare than the unilateral transmigration. Many factors had been suggested as causative agents for transmigration of mandibular canines, but there is no clear, established etiology for this phenomenon. Mupparapu proposed classifications for unilateral and bilateral transmigration of mandibular canines after reviewing literature.

Transmigration of mandibular cuspids: Review of literature

Aim: The aim of this review was to summarize currently available data related to the prevalence and etiology of transmigrant mandibular canines and the different treatment options. Materials and Methods: A computer-based search of studies published from January 2016 to April 2020 was conducted. The studies were selected from various electronic databases such as Medline, Google Scholar, Epub, Embase, and Cochrane based on their title, study, design, keywords, Cochrane methodology, supplemented by a grey literature search and manually searched the references lists of the selected articles. Results: A total of 180 citations were searched initially and after proper screening, 19 relevant articles were included. According to the findings from our review, the incidence of canine impaction in the mandible ranges from 0.92% to 5.1%, whereas that of canine transmigration ranges from 0.1% to 0.31%. The literature search also shows that transmigration of canine almost exclusive in the mandible. Multiple factors have been attributed to the etiology of this condition. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) helps in giving clear details about their location, relation with adjacent structures, and pathology related to them. Conclusion: Early identification, proper treatment plan, and timely intervention needed to preserve the esthetic appearance and functional stability.

Transmigraţia caninilor mandibulari incluşi – prezentare de caz clinic

Transmigraţia caninilor mandibulari incluşi – prezentare de caz clinic

Investigation of transmigrated mandibular canines.

ABSTRACTIntroduction: Canine transmigration is a rare orthodontic condition and it is relevant to perform the proper diagnose at an early age. Objective: The aim of the current study was to find out the frequency of transmigrated mandibular canines (TRC) in orthodontic patients obtained from South Asian population of Pakistan origin. Methods: Panoramic radiographs of 2,550 untreated orthodontic patients (1,248 males; 1,302 females) were included, to investigate the presence, site, and type of TRC. Any permanent mandibular canine that was found to be crossing the midline in panoramic radiographs was considered as TRC. Results: The frequency of TRC was found to be 0.98%. TRC were only found unilaterally. No significance regarding gender and side was found. Nineteen TRC displayed a type 1 transmigratory pattern, while type 2 and type 5 transmigratory patterns were encountered in three patients.Conclusion: Frequency of transmigrated mandibular canines in the studied sample was 0.98%.