Transformation Of Rural Space Research Articles

Transformation of Rural Space under the Impact of Tourism: The Case of Xiamen, China

Tourism plays a key role in sustaining economic development. Previous research has established the connections between tourism and urban growth, as well as the influence of tourism on population and social structure, and the impact of tourism on the landscape. Fewer studies have been conducted on the impact of tourism on the process of rural development change, especially how rural spatial transformation and local community development are driven through tourism. This paper investigates the link between tourism and rural spatial development in China, using in-depth interviews. The research demonstrates that the ambiguity of collective land ownership in China is a key factor in the process of village development. The transformation of villages from “production space” to “consumption space” is driven by tourism based on the land institution arrangement. It is hoped that this research will contribute to a deeper understanding that tourism should be valued in the future as part of the village development process, especially when tourism plays a long-term role in promoting village development.

RETHINKING THE RURAL IN ANCIENT MAYA STUDIES

AbstractThis Special Section provides a glimpse into the vitality of rural investigations in the Maya area by presenting recent archaeological research and interpretive perspectives on the ancient rural Maya. This introduction serves to contextualize the articles of this Special Section within and outside of academic discourse and practice. I start by reviewing the common ways in which rural people and places are essentialized, to underscore that these now unpopular ideas continue to implicitly pervade research priorities, definitions, and interpretations. I then provide a brief historical summary of rural research in the Maya area and some of its significant contributions to our current understandings of ancient rural Maya peoples. Finally, drawing from rural studies, I argue for greater theorization of rurality—including how it was constituted, experienced, perhaps even perceived in the past, and its relationship to periurban, conurban, and urban life, and the continued existence and transformation of rural spaces and lifeways within increasingly urbanized societies. This introduction aims to invigorate further theoretical elaboration with regard to ancient Maya rurality and elicit archaeologists to place themselves and their work within the broader historical and cultural trends of how the rural is perceived and addressed.

Rural spatial transformation and governance from the perspective of land development rights: A case study of Fenghe village in Guangzhou

AbstractUrban expansion and the demand for sustainable regional economic development make rural land a resource base for spatial regeneration, transformation, and upgrading. From the perspective of land development rights, this paper analyzes the rural spatial transformation mechanism and rural governance logic in Fenghe village, Guangzhou. The results show that: (1) Fenghe village has experienced three stages of rural forming development, “hollowing” and space transformation. The subject of land development rights has shifted from rural collectives and villagers to external capital enterprises. Rural development pathways and land‐use patterns have changed from single to diversified. The space presents trends of community, commercialization and modernization. (2) Changes in the subjects of land development rights have caused the diversification and transformation of rural space. Homesteads, idle agricultural land, industrial formats, and infrastructure have gradually become standardized, market‐oriented, diversified, agglomerated, and systemized. With the diversification, complexity and consumerization of rural living groups, social relations, subject connections and rural spaces tend to be modern development models. (3) The reconstruction of rural space contains the logic of capital games and negotiated governance. Urban capital reaches a benefit balance between rural collective and villagers, obtains the right to rural land development, and forms multi‐subject collaborative governance.

Writing in from the periphery: Partition narratives from Rurban Delhi

The concern of Partition narratives has generally been with displacement, loss of identity, alienation, gender and violence, as well as the rehabilitation of refugees. What is elided in them is the tragedy of those villagers who lost their land and livelihood in order to make space for the thousands of refugees who were resettled in “refugee” colonies. This article explores a key aspect of the impact of the Partition of India; namely, the rapid transformation of rural spaces in the periphery of the capital city of Delhi, which saw a massive influx and resettlement of refugees. It does this by looking at the novels of a lesser-known Hindi novelist, Jagdish Chandra, to foreground the alienation and uprooting of members of rural communities from their traditional moorings.

Especialización olivarera, cambios institucionales y desigualdad agraria en la Alta Campiña de Córdoba (siglos XVIII-XX)

This article examines from several angles the evolution of inequality since the end of the Ancien Regime in a rural Andalusian village. Our research is mainly based on fiscal sources, aided by data from private accounting registries, land registry documents, texts from agrarian engineers, etc. The transformation of rural spaces and of local agricultural production is discussed first. Second, the evolution of property distribution, agricultural surplus and income are addressed. Last of all, this study explains the inequality effects derived from both socio-institutional transformations begun during the crisis of the Ancien Regime and specialization in wine or olive oil production –combined with intensification in other types of production processes– that took place in Aguilar and the surrounding area much earlier than in the rest of Cordoba Province.

Revisiting the model of creative destruction: St. Jacobs, Ontario, a decade later

Ten years ago, the model of creative destruction was developed to predict the fate of communities that base their development on the commodification of rural heritage (Mitchell, C.J.A., 1998. Entrepreneurialism, commodification and creative destruction: a model of post-modern community development. Journal of Rural Studies 14, 273–286). Its application to the village of St. Jacobs, Canada, demonstrated that entrepreneurial investment had fostered the creation of a setting for aestheticized consumption. In this paper we demonstrate that creative destruction has continued to unfold in the village over the course of the past decade. The evolutionary path taken is assessed in light of current literature on rural space. It is concluded that to fully understand the transformative process, one must integrate the demands of myriad sub-cultures, whose social relations, ideologies and actions will contribute to the development of a contested landscape of consumption. This finding necessitates that modifications be made to the model and its various stages. The most significant is recognition that the “heritage-scape” is an interim state of landscape change; one that displaces the productivist landscape of the industrial period, and precedes the creation of the “neo-productivist” leisure-scape of post-industrialism. Whether or not such a “final” state is achieved is dictated by the power struggle that inevitably arises amongst sub-cultures engaged in the transformation of rural space.

Les prospections ACO en vallée de Somme.

ACO is a multy-period field survey carried out by the Universities of Amiens, Cambridge and Oxford in the valley of the Somme. This interim report summarises the aims and research design of the project, and reports on the seasons held in September 1991 and September 1992. The aims are to assess how complete and how representative a record of the ancient landscape is provided by aereal photography ; to investigate the transformation of the late prehistoric landscape into the Roman one, and to date the end of this classical landscape ; to investigate the links between the transformation of rural space and the growth and decline of Samarobriva. The method is to survey four designated transects, each one kilometre wide and ten in length, running north-south, at equidistant distances (ten kilometres) from Amiens, giving a sample of the landscape and of the structures (native farms, villae) known by R. Agache records. The fields are surveyed on a twenty metres grid, the aim being to assess variations in the density of artefacts distributions, rather than to identify and to delineate sites as such. After the identification and datation of the finds, a computerised archive is created, which will provide the basis of the final report. It is difficult to draw conclusions after only two seasons, where just over 300 ha. have been surveyed, in a project planned to last over five seasons. It seems that the number of previously unknown sites is very small ; there are indications that some native farms remained occupied well into the Ilnd century at least, some villae into the IVth century and possibly beyond ; it seems that the dispersed settlement pattern continued to structure the landscape, in spite of the development of urbanisation. But we must stress the provisional nature of these findings.

The New Geography of Land and the Transformation of Rural Space

La distinction traditionnelle entre ville et campagne n'est plus en mesure de saisir le type de développement chaotique que connaissent les Etats-Unis de nos jours. La terre n'appartient plus aux petits exploitants mais aux géants de l'agribusiness. Les économies rurales sont dominées par des activités du secteur tertiaire autrefois concentrées dans les centres urbains. Les industries de fabrication (elles-mêmes souvent en déclin) se sont répandues à travers les campagnes. Les promoteurs immobiliers ont contribué à cet effet de pastiche en créant des banlieues loin des tandis que les retraités et les amateurs de résidences secondaires — dans une quête désespérée d'une nature que leur présence dégrade — ne font qu'accentuer la crise. La ligne de partage ne passe plus entre ville et campagne mais entre les intérêts qui produisent ces changements, et ceux qui, sur place, sont obligés de les « consommer ».