Trans-Baikal Territory Research Articles

Liquidation of Illiteracy of Adult Population in the Far-Eastern Republic (1920-1922)

The article deals with the comparatively uninvestigated issue of education and edification policy concerning adult population in the Far-Eastern Republic which included the Amur, Trans-Baikal, Kamchatka, Primorsky and Sakhalin territories, as well as the Chinese Eastern Railroad (CER) right-of-way from 1920 till 1922. Taking into consideration the fact that the Far-Eastern Republic was established on the initiative of the representatives of the RCP (b) and RFSSR, certain directions of inner politics of the two states had similar features. But the objective peculiarities of the Far-Eastern Republic as an independent state determined the specifics of its practical implementation. The analysis of the records, both published and unpublished, achieved from historical sources of the Russian State Historical Archive of the Far-East, of the Russian State Historical Archive of Khabarovsk, and of the Russian State Historical Archive of Trans-Baikal Territory, allowed to find out that all the measures taken for the liquidation of illiteracy of adult population in the Far-Eastern Republic were arranged by the Government and authorities, but they were not wholly implemented because of some economic and organizational character. The comparative analysis of policy implemented in the Soviet Russia and the Far-Eastern Republic was made, the common features and differences were found.

Comprehensive assessment of factors affecting the operational reliability of low-voltage asynchronous electric motors of a coal mining complex

THE RELEVANCE of this study lies in solving the problem of reliable functioning of elements of energy systems and ensuring their effective operation during open-pit mining. The paper presents a methodological approach that allows us to assess the level of reliability of low-voltage asynchronous electric motors in a coal mine with complex mining, geological and climatic conditions of production. THE PURPOSE of the work is to quantify the operational factors affecting the service life of an asynchronous electric motor with a short-circuited rotor. Attention is focused on how influencing factors, different in physical basis, among which electrical parameters are highlighted – the coefficient of voltage asymmetry in the reverse sequence, the coefficients of harmonic voltage components and environmental parameters – temperature, air humidity and dustiness, affect the dynamics of changes in the service life of an asynchronous electric motor. Asynchronous electric motors used at one of the enterprises of JSC SUEK in the Trans-Baikal Territory are considered as an object of research. METHODS. The main tool for the implementation of research tasks is computer modeling based on the Matlab software package. RESULTS. The studies were performed on an asynchronous electric motor with a short-circuited rotor with Ph = 3 kW, rated speed 1500 rpm. The simulation of the operating mode of the electric motor under study was performed by changing the experimental parameters: the values of the total coefficient of harmonic voltage components (KU) – from 4 to 12% with a range of 2%; the values of the voltage asymmetry coefficient in the reverse sequence (K2U) – from 0 to 4% with a range of 1%; the ambient temperature (∆Tокr) – from -30°C to +30°C with a range of 10°C; air humidity values (Vc) – 20% and 60%; dust thermal conductivity coefficient values (Kт) – 0,12 and 0,28. Based on the obtained research results, diagrams are constructed that clearly illustrate the dynamics of changes in the service life of an asynchronous electric motor depending on the combination of influencing factors. CONCLUSION. The trends in solving the issues of reliable functioning of a coal mining enterprise with the presence of asynchronous electric motors and ensuring their efficient operation are the most priority, mainly focused on maintaining the stability of technological processes and maintaining the production volumes of a coal mining enterprise. The stability of the electric motor to certain influencing factors is estimated and their critical values are established. Recommendations on the use of asynchronous electric motors are formulated, taking into account their operating conditions.

Концентрация химических элементов в хвое Larix gmelinii и листьях Betula pendula

In the Trans-Baikal Territory, mining enterprises significantly pollute the environment with chemical elements. In these conditions, monitoring the state of the environment, including with the help of indicator plants, is of great importance. Among the woody plants, Gmelin larch (Larix gmelinii (Rupr.) Kuzen.) and silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.) are the most common in the region. Using the example of the Bystrinskoe Cu–Au–Fe skarnporphyry deposit, the concentrarion of 46 chemical elements in the needles of Gmelin larch and the leaves of silver birch, as well as the content of these elements in the soil, has been studied. The aim of the study is to identify plant species differences in the accumulation of elements and the prospect for using plants as indicators of environmental pollution. Scientific work has been carried out on 11 sample plots in natural plant communities near the enterprise’s facilities in August 2022. Soil and plant samples have been collected at the same time, at the same sites. The chemical analysis of the samples has been carried out using the “Methodology for measuring the metal content in solid objects by inductively coupled spectrometry” (FER 16.1:2.3:3.11–98). Differences in the concentration of elements in plants in relation to the clarke of terrestrial plants have been established. A statictically significant higher concentration of K, Ca, P, Mg, Fe, Ba, Zn, Na, Rb, Ni, Co, Ga, Sn, Y, Zr, Cd and Nb has been found in birch leaves compared to larch needles, and, conversely, a higher concentration of Sc, W and Hg – in larch needles than in birch leaves. Significant differences between plants have been established in the biological absorption coefficient of Se, P, Sn, Ca, Mn, Sr, Cd, Mg, K, W, Ni, Zn, Sc, Rb, Na and Nb. Knowledge about the peculiarities of accumulation of chemical elements in plant organs can be used for biomonitoring environmental pollution and, possibly, for phytoremediation of contaminated soils.

Model of Spatial and Sectoral Development of Regions on the Basis of Interregional Interaction

The article is devoted to the study of the problems of spatial and sectoral development of regions on the basis of interregional interaction. The main scientific research within the framework of the spatial approach carried out since 2000 is presented. It has been shown that the work of domestic modern scientists is focused on finding spatial and sectoral priorities for building effective models of mutually beneficial cooperation between the regions of the country. On the example of the Republic of Buryatia and the Trans-Baikal Territory (as regions with positive economic complementarity), an assessment of the localization coefficient of the type of activity and the per capita production coefficient was carried out. The main problems and threats similar to the analyzed regions are presented, including: relatively low growth rate of the average per capita gross regional product in comparison with the average Russian level; relatively low investment attractiveness and an unfavorable institutional environment; incomplete use of production facilities; and low efficiency of realization of economic potential. Spatial and sectoral priorities have been identified; a model of mutually beneficial interregional interaction between the Republic of Buryatia and the Zabaykalsky Krai was built, ensuring the growth of the economies of integrating regions. It was concluded that the territorial division of the Russian Federation into macro-regions makes it possible to consider all possible vectors of interregional interaction from the standpoint of effective implementation of the synergistic potential of their spatial and sectoral development.

Arterial stiffness and genetic polymorphism of some cytokines in normotensive patients with ankylosing spondylitis

Aim of the study was to identify the incidence of arterial stiffness in normotensive patients with ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in the Trans-Baikal region, to study polymorphism of genes for some cytokines and prognostic factors for increased arterial stiffness in this disease. Material and methods. We examined 100 patients with AS, natives of the Transbaikal region, HLA-В27 positive and 100 healthy controls, HLA-B27 negative; all included in the study were Caucasian. Arterial hypertension was an exclusion criterion. Determination of single nucleotide polymorphisms of the genes IL1B (‒31T/C, rs1143627), IL10 (‒592C/A, rs1800872), IL10 (‒819C/T, rs1800871), TNF (‒308G/A, rs1800629) was carried out in all patients with AS and healthy individuals. 74 patients with AS and 40 patients in the control group underwent applanation tonometry using SphygmoCor (AtCor Medical, Australia). Results. Pulse wave velocity on the carotid-femoral segment in patients with AS was 6.5 [4.1; 11.7] m/s, in the control group – 5.2 [3.9; 7.0] m/s (p = 0.0001). In 18 patients with AS (24.32 %) it was more than the age norm, these patients made up the group with elevated arterial stiffness. In patients with AS, carriage of the homozygous AA genotype of the IL10 gene (rs1800872, ‒592C/A) was 2.18 times more common, the homozygous GG genotype of the TNF gene (rs1800629, ‒308G/A) was 1.23 times more common, and the heterozygous ST genotype of the IL10 gene (rs1800871, ‒819C/T) was 1.5 times more common than in the control group. Prognostic factors for increased arterial stiffness in patients with AS were carriage of the IL10 rs1800871 polymorphism, age, and the radiological stage of changes in the sacroiliac joints. Conclusions. Increased arterial stiffness was detected in 24.3 % of normotensive patients with AS. The CT genotype of the IL10 gene (rs1800871, ‒819C/T), AA genotype of the of the IL10 gene (rs1800872, ‒592C/A), the G allele and the GG genotype of the TNF gene (rs1800629, позиция ‒308G/A) are associated with the development of AS in Caucasians. Multivariate regression analysis identified clinical and genetic factors that predict an increase in arterial stiffness in patients with AS, natives of the Trans-Baikal Territory.

Geoelectric Zoning and Chemical Composition of the Molybdenum Deposit Tailings (Village of Vershino-Shakhtaminsky, Trans-Baikal Territory)

A study of the Shakhtaminskoe tailings dump of the molybdenum deposit (village of Vershino-Shakhtaminsky, Trans-Baikal Territory) was carried out using the electrical tomography method with verification by geochemical testing. It has been shown that waste corresponds to a medium with a resistance of 1–300 Ohm·m. The location of the fault zone at the base of the storage facility has been clarified. The body of the technogenic system has been contoured, the resources of valuable and toxic elements are calculated.

Interpretation of ancient rock carvings of the Chita region (Trans-Baikal Territory)

Interpretation of ancient rock carvings of the Chita region (Trans-Baikal Territory)

Challenges of the Development of Procurement Regulations Using Trans-Baikal Territory Customers as an Example

Challenges of the Development of Procurement Regulations Using Trans-Baikal Territory Customers as an Example

DIFFERENTIATED VULVAR INTRAEPITHELIAL NEOPLASIA: A CLINICAL EXAMPLE OF INTERDISCIPLINARY PATIENT MANAGEMENT

Differentiated vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (dVIN) is an obligate precancer, develops during chronic vulvodermatoses, such as lichen sclerosus and lichen simplex chronicus. The epidemiological, clinical, pathomorphological, diagnostic, and prognostic features of dVIN are discusses. A clinical case of interdisciplinary management of a patient with dVIN, complicated by malignancy and urethral stricture, is presented. Early oncological alertness was demonstrated, microinvasive vulvar cancer in woman with of lichen sclerosus was diagnosed. It is actually, because there is high amount primary patients with advanced vulvar cancer. The joint work of oncologists, urologists, and gynecologists made it possible to successfully perform reconstructive plastic surgery for urethral stricture using a buccal graft for the first time in the Trans-Baikal Territory. Thanks to this the urinary function was restored and the quality of life improved.

Technogenic gold deposits of the Trans-Baikal Territory

Relevance. The need to expand the mineral resource base of the Trans-Baikal Territory. Aim. To study the geochemical composition of technozems of tailings dumps of gold deposits of the Trans-Baikal Territory, their correspondence, in terms of gold content, to technogenic deposits, to calculate the exceeding the maximum permissible concentrations of toxic elements in technozems of tailings dumps. Objects. Technozems of tailings dumps of gold deposits of the Trans-Baikal Territory. Methods. Silicate, X-ray fluorescence ISP-AES methods in analytical laboratories of the Geological Institute of the SB RAS (Ulan-Ude) and JSC "SGS Vostok Limited" (Chita). Results. It was found that in terms of gold content (Au>0.4 g/t), the technozems of the tailings of the gold deposits of the Trans-Baikal Territory, in general, correspond to technogenic gold deposits. The largest volumes and contents of gold (1.2 g/t) are characterized by technozems of the Baleysky tailings dam deposits with insignificant gold contents are technozems of Darasunsky (0.36 g/t) and Kariysky (0.35 g/t) deposits. It is determined that the chemical composition of the technozems of the tailings depends on the composition of the host rocks developed in the areas of deposits. They correspond to the rocks of both basic and medium compositions. The distinctive features of the content of impurity elements in the technozems of tailings are due to the different compositions of the initial ores of gold deposits. These differences are reflected in the values of exceeding the maximum permissible concentrations relative to soils. Among the toxic elements, arsenic is characterized by maximum exceedances of the maximum permissible concentrations. In the technozems of the Lyubavinsky deposit, the excess of the maximum permissible concentrations of arsenic relative to the soil is 933 times, and the Baley deposit is 397 times.

Опросник «Шкала воспринимаемого стресса для детей» (ШВС-Д): Адаптация и психометрические показатели

<p>The article presents the results of adapting and testing of the “Perceived Stress Scale for Children” (PSS-C) on a Russian-speaking sample of adolescents aged 11 to 16 (n = 612). The study sample consisted of students from grades 5 to 8 in secondary schools in various regions of the Russian Federation (Trans-Baikal Territory, Altai Territory, Moscow Region, Leningrad Region). The results of psychometric testing indicate that the questionnaire has good internal consistency with correlations between the final score and stand alone questions being rs = [0.4; 0.64], p < 0.01; the half-form reliability rt = 0.78; the Cronbach's α = 0.741. A direct relationship between the perceived stress level and situational anxiety was shown (rs = 0.67, p < 0.01), which persisted when taking into account the age, gender, and region of residence of the respondents. These findings suggest that PSS-C has convergent validity. Factor analysis of the questionnaire revealed the presence of two factors in the perceived stress structure: 1) “Tension” and 2) “Resources”. The two-factor model of perceived stress was confirmed using confirmatory factor analysis (RMSEA = 0.058, 90% CI [0.045, 0.072], CFI = 0.952, GFI = 0.977). The discriminativeness of the questionnaire was δ = 0.97. Gender differences in the level of perceived stress are shown; age differences are due to an increase in study load. The “Perceived Stress Scale for Children” questionnaire is a valid and reliable technique for diagnosing stress in adolescents aged 11 to 16. It can be used both in individual assessments and group diagnostics for monitoring of stress levels in adolescence.</p>

Assessment of the prospects for using pharmacopoeial plants of the Trans-Baikal territory

The work represents a preliminary stage of resource studies of the Daurian part of the Trans-Baikal Territory. The XIVth edition of the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation (2018) includes 102 species of medicinal plants, of which 30 species are found in the Trans-Baikal Territory. Using methods of approximate evaluation of the stocks of medicinal raw materials, we tentatively divided pharmacopeial species into three utilization groups: ten species can be harvested for the needs of the regional pharmacies, eight species can be collected for domestic use by local population, and only five widespread species (Pinus sylvestris L., Betula pendula Roth, Padus avium Mill., Vaccinium vitis-idaea L., Ledum palustre L.) can be used as a resource for the chemical and pharmaceutical industry of the Russian Federation. The remaining species Arctostaphylos uva-ursi (L.) Sprengel, Vaccinium myrtillus L., Carum carvi L., Dryopteris filix-mas (L.) Schott are found in sporadic locations, and Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., Rhodiola rosea L., Convallaria keiskei Miq. is included in the 2017 Red Data Book of the Trans-Baikal Territory. Harvesting of these species is prohibited. It has been established that for the resource studies the most promising are 15 medicinal plant species, and the most promising locations are Yablonovay Range and Argun Dauria floristic regions due to the greatest diversity of pharmacopoeial medicinal plants there.

MACRO- AND MICROELEMENT COMPOSITION OF THE HERB AND ROOTS OF HAPLOPHYLLUM DAURICUM (L.) G. DON.

Haplophyllum dauricum is a rich source of lignans with antitumor activity. It has been actively used in the practice of Traditional medicine. In addition to lignans, the chemical composition of the species is represented by coumarins, flavonoids, alkaloids and essential oils. However, the composition of the elements of the species, which are necessary for the development of quality criteria of medicinal plants, has not been studied before. In this regard, the purpose of the work was to study the content of macro- and microelements in the aboveground and underground parts of Haplophyllum dauricum of the flora of Buryatia and Transbaikal territory. The content of the following elements was determined by inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry: Li, Be, Na, Mg, Al, P, K, Ca, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Sr, Zr, Mo, Cd, Sb, Te, Ba and Pb. The content of Hg was determined by the "cold steam" method using an atomic absorption analyzer. According to the obtained data, Haplophyllum dauricum is a rich source of calcium, potassium, magnesium and phosphorus, which were dominant. Among the microelements, iron and titanium were in highest concentration, which were accumulated mainly in the underground part of the plant. The content of heavy metals did not exceed the maximum permissible concentration established by the State Pharmacopoeia of the Russian Federation.

Productive and reproductive traits of mares bred under conditions of Eastern Siberia

Herd horse breeding is a promising branch of productive livestock farming in Russia. On the territory of the Siberian-Far Eastern region, several breeds of horses of local importance have long been bred, perfectly adapted to the conditions of their breeding zone and in particular Transbaikal, Tuvan and Buryat breeds. The Trans-Baikal Territory is in fourth place in terms of the number of horses in the Russian Federation, the Republic of Tyva is in fi fth place, and the Republic of Buryatia is in seventh place. The purpose of the research was to conduct a comparative assessment of some productive and reproductive traits of mares of different breeds of local importance under the conditions of Eastern Siberia. The results of a study of productive, conformation and constitutional features and reproductive traits of mares of these breeds have been presented in the article. It has been established that mares of Transbaikal and Buryat breeds have an advantage in live weight over Tuvan mares by 5,0 % (p < 0,001). Assessment of the morphometric features of the conformation indicates that the best indicators are mares of the Transbaikal breed, which are signifi cantly superior to mares of Tuvan breed in all assessed measurements (p < 0,01–0,001), and superior to mares of Buryat breed in oblique length of the body and chest girth (p < 0,001). According to body indices, mares of the evaluated breeds are characterized as animals with expressed meat forms and according to their values are closer to heavy breeds. It was found when assessing reproductive trait that mares of the compared breeds are characterized by high reproduction rates. For example, the percentage of foals varies between 93–95 %, the yield of foals per 100 mares is 93–95 %. Consequently, horses of local breeds bred under the conditions of Eastern Siberia are distinguished by fairly high productivity indicators, and in terms of reproductive traits they are characterized by high reproductive ability under conditions of year-round grazing.

Prevalence and genetic diversity of the <i>Alongshan virus (Flaviviridae)</i> circulating in ticks in the south of Eastern Siberia

Introduction. Tick-borne infections are of great importance for many regions of Russia, including Eastern Siberia. This unfavorable epidemiological situation can be characterized not only by the circulation of well-known tick-borne infections, but also by the identification of new pathogens, the role of which remains little or generally unexplored. Multicomponent flavi-like viruses can cause infectious diseases in humans and pose a threat to public health. The purpose of the study was the identification and molecular genetic characterization of the Alongshan virus (Flaviviridae, ALSV) isolates, transmitted by ticks in the south of Eastern Siberia. Materials and methods. Total 1060 ticks were collected and analyzed from the territory of the Republics of Khakassia, Tuva, Buryatia, Irkutsk Region and Transbaikal Territory (Zabaykalsky Krai) in the spring-summer period 2023. ALSV RNA was detected by RT-PCR followed by nucleotide sequence determination and phylogenetic analysis for each segment of the genome. Results. The ALSV infection rate in Ixodes persulcatus ticks collected in the Republic of Khakassia was 3.3% (95% CI: 1.4–7.5); in Irkutsk Oblast – 1.0% (95% CI: 0.3–3.7); in the Republic of Tuva – 0.9% (95% CI: 0.3–3.4) and in Transbaikal Krai – 0.7% (95% CI: 0.2–3.6). Sequences of all four segments of ALSV genetic variants circulating in I. persulcatus ticks in the south of Eastern Siberia are grouped with sequences found in China and clustered into the Asian subgroup transmitted by taiga ticks. The level of difference in the nucleotide sequences of genome fragments among the identified genetic variants of ALSV ranged from 2 to 3%. Conclusion. The article shows the widespread distribution of ALSV in I. persulcatus ticks in the Republics of Khakassia and Tyva, Irkutsk Oblast and Transbaikal Territory. The obtained data actualize monitoring of changes in the area of distribution of potentially dangerous for humans flavi-like viruses and their vectors.

The Influence of Buddhist Institutions on the Formation of the Civic Identity of the Population of the Trans-Baikal Territory

The Influence of Buddhist Institutions on the Formation of the Civic Identity of the Population of the Trans-Baikal Territory

ANALYSIS OF THE POSSIBILITY OF USING MEDICAL CLAYS TO OBTAIN SORPTION DOSAGE FORMS

Introduction. Currently, medical clays in Russia are represented by the drug "Smectite dioctahedral", which accounts for 25% of all enterosorbents. Compared to 2014, the share of medical clays in the total structure of enterosorbents has increased fourfold. The search for new sources of medicinal mineral raw materials for the production of sorption dosage forms is an urgent task of pharmaceutical technology. The purpose of the work is to analysis of the possibility of using medical clays to obtain sorption dosage forms. Material and methods. Two medical clays were selected as objects of research: sample "X" – clinoptilolite clay of the Kholinsky deposit (Russia, Trans-Baikal Territory), sample "I" – zeolite clay of the Western Aftar deposit (Iran). The determination of the specific surface area and porosity was carried out by low-temperature nitrogen sorption on a TriStar II 3020 analyzer, microscopy was carried out on an electron–ion scanning microscope FEI Quanta 600 FEG. Results. A comparative analysis of technological and adsorption characteristics of clays was carried out. It was found that the clinoptilolite clay of the Kholinsky deposit is symmetrical equiaxed particles in the form of spherical formations, the average particle size is 6.33 microns, the specific surface area is 20.9227 m2/g, the pore volume is 0.058435 cm3/g, the average pore size is 11 nm, has mesopores (17-50 nm) and macropores. A study of the morphological characteristics of the zeolite clay of the Western Aftar deposit (Iran) shows that the clay consists of agglomerates of irregularly shaped particles with an average size of 2.00 microns. According to the obtained adsorption characteristics, clay has a specific surface area of 20.4654 m2/g, a pore volume of 0.065848 cm3/g, an average pore size of 13 nm, has mesopores (18-50 nm) and macropores. Conclusions. The studied clays are mesomacroporous sorbents with a predominance of mesopores. Satisfactory adsorption indicators show the pro-spects of using medical clays to obtain sorption dosage forms.

Traditional Buryat cuisine as a component of the ethnocultural identity of the Buryat population of the Trans-Baikal Territory

The subject of this article is the traditional cuisine of the Buryat people, the object is the ethnocultural identity of the Buryat population of the Trans–Baikal Territory. The author examines in detail such aspects of the topic as ethnocultural markers of the ethnos, traditions and cooking technologies, observance of the ancestral features of the national cuisine, recipes existing in the territory of the region and its individual parts. The author partially presents the developed theoretical materials concerning the issues of Buryat cuisine and thematic interviewing materials collected as part of expedition trips to the territory of the Aginsky district of the Aginsky Buryat district of the Trans-Baikal Territory, including the technology and recipe for cooking traditional Buryat dishes. The author lists the forms of events (festivals and holidays) that exist in the region, popularizing the traditional cuisine and culture of the Buryat population of the Trans-Baikal Territory. The main method of research was the analysis of thematic literature and materials, interviewing speakers of traditional culture within the framework of expedition trips. As the main conclusions, the author cites expediency, rationality, geographical and climatic features, conditions and place of residence of ethnic communities as main factors of shaping the local cuisine. And today, thanks to scientific and technological progress, ethnic identity, including in traditional cuisine, is gradually decreasing or disappearing completely. Therefore, the issue of fixing and transferring ethnic culture, including traditions, customs, etc., to future generations in order to preserve their ethno-cultural identity, is acute. Many people do not realize how important and existential this can be for some people who live and think through the prism of their ethnicity.

State and prospects of external economic activity in Russian horse breeding in 2015–2023

The article examines the dynamics of export and import indicators of horse breeding products (in the category of goods “Live horses”) from 2015 to 2022, both in absolute and monetary terms, including taking into account the categories of breeding and use animals. For the first time, the foreign trade balance of the horse breeding industry in 2019–2022 has been analyzed, and the prospects for domestic and foreign markets for the products of Russian horse breeding farms have been assessed. It has been established that the export flows of the eastern regions of the country, and primarily the Trans-Baikal Territory, the Republic of Tyva, the Altai Territory and the Altai Republic, are focused primarily on the Republic of Kazakhstan, which makes commercial farms for the production of horses for meat production in the Siberian Federal District dependent on the political situation in Central Asia and the general state of veterinary well-being of the region. The ban on the export of horses classified as luxury goods from the European Union, introduced as part of a package of anti-Russian sanctions, affected the import of breeding and use animals, significantly limiting the opportunities for domestic consumers focused on trained horses. The state program for the development of horse breeding in the Republic of Uzbekistan may influence the increase in demand for products from enterprises involved in breeding riding horses.

Reproductive ability and milk productivity of mares of different genealogical lines of Argaleisky type of Transbaikal breed

Productive herd horse breeding in Transbaikal region is one of the traditional branches of animal husbandry. The problem of preserving and improving local (aboriginal) horse breeds in our country is extremely important for their eff ective economic use and maintaining the diversity of the original gene pool of farm animals. Therefore, line breeding is an important aspect of horse breeding. The purpose of the research was to study the reproductive ability and milk productivity of mares of diff erent lines of Argaley type of Transbaikal breed. Research was carried out at the APC “Plemzavod imeni Kalinina” in the Aginsky district of the Trans-Baikal Territory. The objects of the study were mares of Transbaikal breed of Argaley type of diff erent genealogical lines origin, the age of the mares was 8–9 years after 4–5 foalings. The conformation and constitutional features and live weight of mares depending on their genealogical lines origin have been presented in the article. The average fertility performance rate for mares of different lines was 93,7 %, with foaling being 98,8 %. The greatest live weight was in mares belonging to the line Argali. It exceeded the indicators of herdmates from the lines Premier, Chetkiy and Kagor by 20,0; 15,0, 10,0 kg, respectively. During 5 months of lactation, mares of the line Argali produced 1854,0 kg of milk with an average daily milk yield of 12,36 kg. Mares of the line Argali over 5 months of lactation were superior to herdmates of other lines in terms of milk yield by 459,0; 336,0 and 223,5 kg and average daily milk yield by 3,06, 2,24 and 1,49 kg, respectively. It has been established that the physicochemical composition and environmental safety of milk from mares of the different lines of Argaley type of Transbaikal breed indicate its fairly high nutritional value.