Participation In Training Research Articles

School leaders’ innovation-related self-efficacy: professional development and learning networks make a difference

ABSTRACT Many studies point to the relevance of school leaders’ self-efficacy for the successful organisation and management of schools. However, to date, there are only a few findings on which factors have a positive influence on this characteristic. This study therefore examines the extent to which the use of formal and informal learning opportunities, in addition to the antecedents mentioned by Bandura (mastery experience, vicarious experience, social persuasion, physiological and emotional states), have a direct positive effect on school leaders’ innovation-related self-efficacy, as well as an indirect effect on self-efficacy mediated by mastery experience. Analyses of a survey with a representative sample of N = 405 school leaders in Germany using structural equation models confirmed the effect of mastery experience (i.e. perceived achievement), vicarious experience (i.e. encouragement from a team), and emotional states (i.e. exhaustion) on school leaders’ self-efficacy. Regarding professional development, the analyses revealed a direct positive effect of participation in university training and professional learning networks, which were not mediated by mastery experience. Our results demonstrate the value of leadership preparation programmes that enable the participants to explore different work-related tasks and promote feelings of mastery, as well as the importance of team coherency and potential value of distributed work.

Exercise training-induced speeding of kinetics is not intensity domain-specific or correlated with indices of exercise performance.

This study examined the effect of 3 and 6weeks of intensity domain-based exercise training on kinetics changes and their relationship with indices of performance. Eighty-four young healthy participants (42M, 42 F) were randomly assigned to six groups (14 participants each, age and sex-matched) consisting of: continuous cycling in the (1) moderate (MOD)-, (2) lower heavy (HVY1)-, and (3) upper heavy-intensity (HVY2)- domain; interval cycling in the (4) severe-intensity domain (i.e., high-intensity interval training (HIIT), or (5) extreme-intensity domain (i.e., sprint-interval training (SIT)); or (6) control (CON). Training participants completed two three-week phases of three supervised sessions per week, with physiological evaluations performed at PRE, MID and POST intervention. All training protocols, except SIT, were work-matched. There was a significant time effect for the time constant ( ) between PRE (31.6 ± 10.4s) and MID (22.6 ± 6.9s) (p < 0.05) and PRE and POST (21.8 ± 6.3s) (p < 0.05), but no difference between MID and POST (p > 0.05) and no group or interaction effects (p > 0.05). There were no PRE to POST differences for CON (p < 0.05) in any variables. Despite significant increases in maximal ( ), estimated lactate threshold (θLT), maximal metabolic steady state (MMSS), and peak power output (PPO) for the intervention groups (p < 0.05), there were no significant correlations from PRE to MID or MID to POST between and (r = - 0.221, r = 0.119), ΔPPO (r = - 0.112, r = - 0.017), ΔθLT (r = 0.083, r = 0.142) and ΔMMSS (r = - 0.213, r = 0.049)(p > 0.05). This study demonstrated that (i) the rapid speeding of kinetics was not intensity-dependent; and (ii) changes in indices of performance were not significantly correlated with .

Does training improve the action research skills of STEM teachers? Examining the mediating roles of attitude and knowledge

Professional development programs are essential for supporting STEM teachers in improving their teaching practices by creating engaging and effective learning experiences for students. One of the professional development programs referred to is their participation in action research training. However, while there is a growing number professional development program relating to it, there is no substantial amount of reports regarding its impact toward developing teachers' action research attitude, knowledge, and skills. In this regard, this study aims to empirically investigate the influence or impact of training programs on the development of STEM teachers' action research skills, knowledge, and attitude. Driven by Evans' (2014) concept of professionalism and professional development as a guiding framework, a structural model was proposed and validated using a quantitative cross-sectional survey design. There were 214 STEM teachers who participated in an online survey. Results revealed that from five hypotheses proposed in the structural model, four are supported except the causal path between training and action research skills. The paths between training to action research knowledge and attitude are supported as well as the paths between action research knowledge and attitude to skills. This indicates that teachers’ action research knowledge and attitude fully mediate the causal path between training and action research skills. The findings of this study imply that the focus of the training programs should go beyond the mechanical aspects or skills development of teachers but on developing their knowledge and shaping a positive attitude toward action research. Over time, both provide an enabling environment to practice and develop action research skills. The finding also offers a new perspective or guiding framework as to how teacher training programs particularly action research can be evaluated.

Improving primary healthcare quality in China through training needs analysis

The diagnosis and treatment capability levels of healthcare professionals directly affect the overall quality of medical services. Enhancing these capability levels requires strengthening the professional skill training of healthcare workers, especially those in primary care settings in economically underdeveloped areas. To understand the actual needs for professional skill training among primary healthcare workers, thereby providing data support for targeted training initiatives. An online survey was conducted using convenience sampling and subsequently, snowball sampling from May 10, 2023 to January 31, 2024. The survey included 3811 healthcare workers across China, and 3617 valid questionnaires were recovered. Descriptive analysis was used to compare the professional backgrounds and training needs of healthcare workers at different medical facility levels. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to explore factors influencing the training of primary healthcare workers. The survey revealed that 70.1% of respondents were female, and 94.2% were from medical facilities below the provincial level, with 43.2% from township-level or lower medical facilities. Significant differences were found in age distribution, work experience, professional titles, educational levels, and training needs among provincial/national, prefectural/county, and township levels (P < 0.05). Busy clinical work schedules were the primary barrier to training participation. Most healthcare workers (78.7%) expected more than four training sessions per year, with the optimal frequency being quarterly. The most anticipated training topics among primary care workers were latest medical guidelines, new technologies/skills, and advanced management concepts, with over 80% interest. Compared with prefectural/county-level facilities, primary care workers at grassroots facilities are more significantly impacted by lower professional titles, lower education levels, weaker medical/technical skills, and insufficient specialized funding (odds ratio > 1, P < 0.001). Training should be tailored to the needs of healthcare workers at different medical facility levels. Particularly for primary care settings, providing special funding support and training in the latest medical guidelines, new technologies/skills, and advanced management concepts are important to improve the composition of titles, education, and professional technicians.

Practical Attribute Reconstruction Attack Against Federated Learning

Existing federated learning (FL) designs have been shown to exhibit vulnerabilities which can be exploited by adversaries to compromise data privacy. However, most current works conduct attacks by leveraging gradients calculated on a small batch of data. This setting is not realistic as gradients are normally shared after at least 1 epoch of local training on each participant's local data in FL for communication efficiency. In this work, we conduct a unique systematic evaluation of attribute reconstruction attack (ARA) launched by the malicious server in the FL system, and empirically demonstrate that the shared local model gradients after 1 epoch of local training can still reveal sensitive attributes of local training data. To demonstrate this leakage, we develop a more effective and efficient gradient matching based method called cos-matching to reconstruct the sensitive attributes of any victim participant's training data. Based on the reconstructed training data attributes, we further show that an attacker can even reconstruct the sensitive attributes of any records that are not included in any participant's training data, thus opening a new attack surface in FL. Extensive experiments show that the proposed method achieves better attribute attack performance than existing state-of-the-art methods.

Actionability of Synthetic Data in a Heterogeneous and Rare Health Care Demographic: Adolescents and Young Adults With Cancer.

Research on rare diseases and atypical health care demographics is often slowed by high interparticipant heterogeneity and overall scarcity of data. Synthetic data (SD) have been proposed as means for data sharing, enlargement, and diversification, by artificially generating real phenomena while obscuring the real patient data. The utility of SD is actively scrutinized in health care research, but the role of sample size for actionability of SD is insufficiently explored. We aim to understand the interplay of actionability and sample size by generating SD sets of varying sizes from gradually diminishing amounts of real individuals' data. We evaluate the actionability of SD in a highly heterogeneous and rare demographic: adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer. A population-based cross-sectional cohort study of 3,735 AYAs was subsampled at random to produce 13 training data sets of varying sample sizes. We studied four distinct generator architectures built on the open-source Synthetic Data Vault library. Each architecture was used to generate SD of varying sizes on the basis of each aforementioned training subsets. SD actionability was assessed by comparing the resulting SD with their respective real data against three metrics-veracity, utility, and privacy concealment. All examined generator architectures yielded actionable data when generating SD with sizes similar to the real data. Large SD sample size increased veracity but generally increased privacy risks. Using fewer training participants led to faster convergence in veracity, but partially exacerbated privacy concealment issues. SD is a potentially promising option for data sharing and data augmentation, yet sample size plays a significant role in its actionability. SD generation should go hand-in-hand with consistent scrutiny, and sample size should be carefully considered in this process.

Ideal EduTech Model based on Qur’anic Perspective (Implementation at The Center for Education and Training of Administrative)

This Qur’an-based ideal Edutech model research aims to identify the best studies and practices in facilitating learning and improving work performances by creating, using, and managing processes and proper technologies. The research used a qualitative descriptive method as the research method. As for the Qur’anic interpretation method, at-Tafsir al Maudhu’i (thematic interpretation) was used since it is considered capable of addressing contemporary issues and providing a comprehensive perspective of the Qur’an in solving problems that continue to emerge along with the times. The results of satisfaction evaluation and measurement of training participants in 2023 scored 89,56 signifying the improvement after the implementation of Edutech. It showed, through the library research, several ideal models of the implementation of the Qur’an based Education Technology, such as prophet Yusuf model in the implementation of the resilience of Pusdiklat Tenaga Administrasi (The Center for Education and Training of Administrative Staff), and the Quran-based ADDIE model (analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation). The advantage of this research lies in Quran-based Edutech, as many verses of the Quran encourage the implementation of innovation and creativity by utilizing technology in education.

Training on Strengthening Fishery Business Groups in Development In Lambusa Village, Konda District, South Konawe Regency

The Training on Strengthening Fishery Business Groups in Lambusa Village, Konda District, South Konawe Regency, succeeded in improving the skills and knowledge of villagers in the cultivation, processing, and marketing of fishery products. Participatory training methods involving counseling and practice have proven to be effective in building internal group relationships as well as connectivity with governments, financial institutions, and market participants. The training includes fishery resource management, sustainable aquaculture techniques, marketing, and financial management, which supports increasing the productivity and income of fishery business groups. As a result, there has been an increase in solidarity and cooperation between members, as well as village social and economic welfare. The training also strengthens the concept of community empowerment through a participatory and sustainable approach, providing applicative skills to overcome concrete problems and achieve self-reliance. The evaluation showed the high enthusiasm of the participants and the significant application of knowledge, contributing to the sustainable development of the village and the capacity building of the fishery business group.

Advantages and disadvantages of laboratory lessons in mathematics teaching methodology under emergency remote teaching conditions

Certain features of the Ukrainian system for the methodological training of future mathematics teachers at a pedagogical university are described. The aim of this study is to identify the key advantages and disadvantages of conducting laboratory lessons in the methodological training of future mathematics teachers under emergency remote teaching conditions caused by unforeseen circumstances. The technologies developed by the authors of this article for conducting laboratory classes in the methodology of teaching mathematics in the conditions of emergency distance learning have been experimentally tested. A survey of the participants in such training was conducted. We found that conducting laboratory lessons for future mathematics teachers in a remote learning environment has not only disadvantages but also certain advantages. In particular, the advantages include: teachers more actively using access to new resources and applying new opportunities during specific classes; increased personal responsibility of students for focus and engagement in the class; an additional component of technology-techniques is added to the traditional teacher-student partnership. Based on the results of the study, we concluded that the possible need for emergency distance learning should encourage teachers to pursue professional development and to form skills for the operational and creative use of digital technologies in managing learning. In this article, we describe our own experience of conducting laboratory work in the methodology of teaching mathematics in the conditions of emergency distance learning. The forced conditions of emergency distance learning in the course on the methodology of teaching mathematics allowed us to significantly expand and diversify the usual tools for forming the methodological competencies of future mathematics teachers. Our experience may be useful to interested parties to better prepare for possible future needs in implementing emergency distance learning under unforeseen circumstances (quarantines, natural disasters, etc.).

PEMBERDAYAAN IBU RUMAH TANGGA DALAM PEMANFAATAN MICROGREEN DAN HEALTHY JUICE UNTUK GIZI KELUARGA

Microgreens and healthy juice are closely related to family nutrition and a healthy lifestyle. This community service activity aims to empower homemakers to use microgreen vegetables in the form of kale and kale and make healthy juice from these vegetables to fulfill family nutrition needs as part of efforts to live a healthy lifestyle. Community service activities regarding the introduction of microgreens and healthy juices were held on June 13, 2024, in Limau Manis Selatan Village, Unand Block B lecturer housing complex, Ulugadut, Pauh District, Padang, which was attended by 50 members of Majlis Taklim Darul Ulum. Implementation methods include socialization, discussion, and direct practice. As many as 90% of participants showed increased knowledge about microgreens, and 85% better understood the importance of healthy juice and how to make it. Awareness regarding participants' nutritional knowledge increased, with greater interest in including microgreens and healthy juices in their daily diet. Activities achieved satisfactory results as demonstrated by high participation and enthusiasm during socialization, discussion, and practice sessions. At the end of the activity, interviews were conducted with participants. Live demonstrations and independent practice are proven effective in teaching new knowledge and skills. Challenges such as time and material limitations were overcome with a follow-up plan, including forming small working groups and follow-up sessions to evaluate progress. This activity increased the knowledge, skills, and enthusiasm of Majlis Taklim Darul Ulum members to live a healthy lifestyle. Post-training, the results show the potential for sustainability in encouraging healthy lifestyles of training participants and strengthening communities.

Soybean Bio-fertilizer Technology Promoting Through Cluster Based Demonization in the Mima Learning Watershed from Assosa Western Ethiopia

Soil fertility depletion and soil acidity are critical problems for soybean production in western Ethiopia. Therefore, a cluster based biofertilizer technology was demonstrated to improve the depleted soil fertility on Nitisols of Assosa Agricultural Research Centre during 2022 to 2024 cropping season to investigate the response of soybean yield to biofertilizer. The treatment consists of: farmers practice (100 kg NPS ha&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;-1&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;) and biofertilizer plus 100 kg NPS ha&amp;lt;sup&amp;gt;-1&amp;lt;/sup&amp;gt;. Multidisciplinary team had given participatory training from the composed of Soil fertility researcher, soybean breeder and agricultural extension and communication for the selected participates. The training was delivered for different stake holders and farmers on agronomic management of soybean production techniques and management, cluster based bio fertilizer technology demonstration approach. Around 830 packets of bio-fertilizer are distributed for the farmers in last four years cropping season. In order to evaluate the performance share the lesson with different stakeholders’ field day and experience sharing were organized in the fields of beneficiary farmers. In the field day and experience sharing famers, development agents (DAs), experts, heads of agricultural and rural development office, researchers were participated. The cluster based demonstrated biofertilizer technology was compared with farmers practice and the field data recorded and analyzed by descriptive statics. The participant farmers and different stake holders preferred biofertilizer plus NPS fertilizer during the field day and experience sharing. The application of recommended NPS plus inoculation was higher in seed yield of maize by 14% compared to the application of recommended NPS fertilizers alone. The yield advantage relative to NPS alone indicating the depletion of the soil microorganism and its strong response to bio fertilizer application.

Virtual Reality Audio Game for Entertainment and Sound Localization Training

Within the gaming and electronics industry, there is a continuous evolution of alternative applications. Nevertheless, accessibility to video games remains a persistent hurdle for individuals with disabilities, especially those with visual impairments due to the inherent visual-oriented design of games. Audio games (AGs) are electronic games that rely primarily on auditory cues instead of visual interfaces. This study focuses on the creation of a virtual reality AG for cell phones that integrates natural head and torso movements involved in spatial hearing. Its assessment encompasses user experience, interface usability, and sound localization performance. The study engaged eighteen sighted participants in a pre-post test with a control group. The experimental group underwent 7 training sessions with the AG. Via interviews, facets of the gaming experience were explored, while horizontal plane sound source localization was also tested before and after the training. The results enabled the characterization of sensations related to the use of the game and the interaction with the interfaces. Sound localization tests demonstrated distinct enhancements in performance among trained participants, varying with assessed stimuli. These promising results show advances for future virtual AGs, presenting prospects for auditory training. These innovations hold potential for skill development, entertainment, and the integration of visually impaired individuals.

Application of Highly Optimised Structured Teaching Method in Training of Trainer Programme

The growing awareness of the big differences between teachers has led to an ongoing dialogue among educators, researchers, and policy makers on how to improve teaching practices. The highly optimised structured teaching (HOST) teaching method is an effective and efficient teaching framework using evidence-based strategies and an innovative teaching structure. This study introduces the result of using the HOST teaching method in a train the trainer programme. A random group of trained participants in the training of trainer program was selected and asked to self-assess their learning by answering a questionnaire about their knowledge and skills they gained from the programme. Then the effect size of HOST intervention is calculated by comparing the pre and post self-assessment scores. The result shows a very high effect of the HOST teaching method. The study concluded that the HOST method is recommended to be used in training.

The impact of professional development training on faculty’s integration of universal design for learning in daily teaching practices

ABSTRACT Even though Inclusive Education (IE) is required both legally and socially, it is often not implemented in the day-to-day teaching practice of faculty in higher education (HE) institutions. Professional development (PD) training is considered an important means to address this discrepancy, however, its impact on the long-term implementation of IE is unclear. This exploratory study is the first of its kind to systematically investigate the impact of three factors – PD training design, participant characteristics and organisational culture – on faculty’s subjective learning gains and the sustained integration of universal design for learning (UDL). Utilising a quasi-experimental design, we administered a survey to faculty members who had engaged in various PD trainings related to UDL at a prominent Norwegian university. Our findings indicate that HE institutions should establish two conditions to support faculty in the implementation of UDL in their teaching practice: extended training rather than brief sessions and creating platforms for ongoing discussions on UDL even beyond the training.

The Effect of Competency Needs and Training Facilities on the Participation Rate of Competency-Based Training Participants at LLK Selong East Lombok Regency

One of the serious challenges facing Indonesia is unemployment. Statistical data published by BPS in 2020 recorded the number of unemployed people in Indonesia at 9.77 million people. The Global Competitiveness Index explains that Indonesia is far behind compared to neighboring countries Indonesia is still in 50th position with a score of 64.5 while Malaysia is in 27th position with a score of 74.6. Singapore alone is in first place in the world with a score of 84.8. One of the efforts to overcome this problem is to provide PBK activities to the community, so that they can be absorbed in the world of work and industry. This study aims to analyze how competency needs and the availability of training facilities affect the level of participant participation. The research method used is a survey approach with a questionnaire as a data collection instrument. The sample of this study was 106 respondents out of 144 participants. Data analysis was conducted using multiple linear regression. Data analysis was conducted with multiple linear regression. The results showed that competency needs have a significant effect on the level of participant participation (p-value: 0.002 &lt;?.0.05). Likewise, the existence of training facilities has a significant effect on the level of participation of PBK participants at LLK Selong (p-value: 0.049 &lt;?.0.05). Based on the conclusions of this study, it is recommended to pay attention to the competency needs of participants and provide adequate training facilities to increase participation in PBK activities at LLK Selong, East Lombok Regency

Features of Germany’s Participation in Training of Afghan, Malian and Ukrainian Armies

Features of Germany’s Participation in Training of Afghan, Malian and Ukrainian Armies

Pelatihan Penyusunan Soal HOTS Berbasis Kurikulum Merdeka Belajar bagi Guru MTs. Muhammadiyah Tajurhalang Bogor

This service aims to increase the understanding and competence of MTs Muhammadiyah Tajurhalang teachers in preparing HOTS questions based on the independent learning curriculum. The method for implementing this service used participatory training, with the stages of giving a pretest on the HOTS concept, training material and practice in preparing HOTS questions, giving a posttest, and giving an evaluation sheet for the implementation of the training. The data analysis technique employed descriptive statistical techniques using a percentage and graphic approach in presenting the data. This service partner was a teacher at MTs Muhammadiyah Tajurhalang Bogor. The results of this service showed that MTs Muhammadiyah Tajurhalang Bogor teachers had a good conceptual understanding of HOTS questions and increased skills in preparing HOTS questions based on the Merdeka curriculum, so that they could be practiced in every learning evaluation in class.

Pelatihan Pembuatan Eco-Friendly Light-Brick dari Sekam Padi sebagai Bata Ringan Tahan Gempa di Dusun Mriyan Utara Kabupaten Bantul

This community service activity aims to enhance the skills of the Karang Taruna in Dusun Mriyan Utara, Bantul Regency, in making eco-friendly light bricks from rice husk as earthquake-resistant lightweight bricks. The method used in this community service involves participatory training, where youth groups actively make light bricks from natural waste. The evaluation instruments for this activity include direct observation and post-tests, which are analyzed descriptively to measure the participants' improvement in skills and knowledge. The results of this community service indicate that the people of Dusun Mriyan Utara are very enthusiastic and have successfully improved their skills in making light bricks, which can be developed as a flagship product of the village and a preventive measure in earthquake disaster mitigation.

Current methods for the exercise dose equalization in resistance training drive to markedly different session-induced efforts.

Effects comparison of resistance exercises may require equalizing the exercise-induced dose, this is currently done by using methods based on total weight lifted or on sets performed until failure. Dose equalization of resistance training sessions by these methods was analyzed in the present study. Twelve trained participants performed five bench-press sessions with a similar relative endpoint determined by the inability to complete a set of 50% of the maximum repetitions number (MNR). Sessions were performed at 50 or 85% of one-repetition maximum (1-RM) with sets until failure or sets prescribing 50% of MNR. The last session was performed with a reduced recovery pause to match the exercise density (total weight lifted/pause duration) of a previous session. Sessions resulted in different total weight lifted (3158±1592 kg at 85% of 1-RM vs. 5330±1967 at 50%, P<0.001) and number of sets until failure (5.1±1.9 at 85% of 1-RM vs. 2.9±1.1 at 50%, P<0.001). Matching of sessions' density suppressed the differences in the number of sets performed (P=0.50). Protocols' equalization based on the total weight lifted is likely to result in exercise volumes close to maximums when performed with heavy loads, whereas equalization based on sets to failure could induce a sets number close to the maximum when performed with light loads. Current methods for protocols equalization rely on gross values of exercise volume without considering maximums, that can result in markedly unbalanced efforts and biased results. Prescribing each exercise volume according to its maximum might optimize the training protocols' equalization.

PEMANFAATAN MEDIA SOSIAL SEBAGAI SARANA INFORMASI DAN PROMOSI DI SDN SUMBER 2

The use of social media as a means of information and promotion has become an important strategy in the world of education, including in elementary schools. The purpose of this community service is to provide training on the use of Social Media as a Means of Information and Promotion in order to improve the ability of human resources responsible for managing Social Media, in this case we focus on Instagram. The methods used in this activity include training, mentoring, and evaluation of the use of school social media. This training has succeeded in improving the understanding and skills of teachers and school staff in using social media and managing digital assets of SDN Sumber 2. In addition, training participants now understand how to use social media effectively as a tool for information and promotion. They learned about the importance of consistency in posting, how to create interesting content, and strategies to increase audience engagement.