Training Injury Research Articles

Injury incidence, prevalence, and burden in an Argentinian male youth soccer academy: one-season descriptive study.

To prospectively describe the incidence, severity, and burden of injuries in the youth divisions of an Argentinian professional soccer club during a competitive season. 212 male soccer academy players were grouped by age categories and maturity offset as pre-peak height velocity (PHV), circa-PHV and post-PHV. Injury characteristics were recorded as the International Olympic Committee suggests. A total of 235 time-loss injuries were sustained by 101 different players. The overall injury incidence rate was of 5.8 injuries per 1000 hours (h), with a training and match injury incidence rate of 4.9 and 9.7 injuries per 1000 h, respectively. The prevalence over the season was 47%. Most of the injuries (202) affected the lower limbs (86.6%) and most of them were classified as muscle/tendon injuries (n = 117, 49.8%). Hamstring structural injury was the diagnosis with the highest burden in both circa and post-PHV groups. The incidence, prevalence and injury burden reported in this study would add valuable information to Argentinians' youth soccer institutions. Post-PHV players had higher incidence, severity and burden compared to circa-PHV. Structural/functional injuries to the muscle/tendon represented the highest burden for type of injuries (41.1 per 1000 h), suggesting a need for implementing preventive measures.

Standardising health history and injury surveillance of participants in endurance events: a modified Delphi consensus statement from the AMSSM runner health consortium.

Endurance events are popular worldwide and have many health benefits. However, runners and Para athletes may sustain musculoskeletal injuries or experience other health consequences from endurance events. The American Medical Society for Sports Medicine (AMSSM) Runner Health Consortium aimed to generate consensus-based survey items for use in prospective research to identify risk factors for injuries in runners and Para athletes training and competing in endurance events. The study design employed a modified Delphi approach, with a panel comprising 28 experts, including healthcare professionals, coaches, and athletes. Potential survey items were generated by panel members who subsequently engaged in three rounds of voting using Research Electronic Data Capture. Items were graded by clarity, relevance, and importance. Items achieving 80% consensus on all three aspects were retained. The response rate was 100% in R round 1 and 96% in Rrounds 2 and 3. Of 124 initial survey items, consensus was reached on 53, 34 and 22 items during Rrounds 1, 2, and 3, respectively. Two accepted items were removed due to redundancy. Combined with 10 non-voting items, 117 items covered key domains, including training and injury history, dietary behaviours and associated factors (such as menstrual function), footwear, mental health, and specific considerations for Para athletes. The consensus-based survey items should be considered by researchers to better understand the health of runners and Para athletes who train and compete in endurance sports to identify risk factors for injury.

Help Young Ballet Dancers with Knee Injuries in Training

Help Young Ballet Dancers with Knee Injuries in Training

Analyzing Sports Biomechanics of Hurdling Training: A Systematic Review

Background. Hurdling is a dynamic and technically demanding sport within athletics. It requires a unique combination of speed, agility, coordination, and strength to support good technique and achievement. The ability to excel in this sport depends on the athlete’s mastery of these components, making it an interesting subject for sports science research. Objectives. This study aimed to evaluate existing research on sports biomechanics as it relates to improving hurdling performance. Materials and methods. The study was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) methodology of the relevant literature. A total of 15 articles published between 1990 and 2023 were identified as relevant to the focus of the study and selected for in-depth analysis. Results. The findings showed that sports biomechanics research in hurdling training has mainly concentrated on the following key areas: kinematics analysis, the application of technology, and the potential injury studies. Although significant progress has been made in understanding the biomechanics of hurdling training, this study suggests the need for further and more comprehensive research. The research mentioned should delve deeper into the biomechanical factors influencing performance in order to develop optimal training methods and injury prevention strategies. Conclusions. This review underscores the importance of continued research in this area, as it has the potential to enhance training approaches and improve athletic performance in hurdling.

Towards Automatic Object Detection and Activity Recognition in Indoor Climbing

Rock climbing has propelled from niche sport to mainstream free-time activity and Olympic sport. Moreover, climbing can be studied as an example of a high-stakes perception-action task. However, understanding what constitutes an expert climber is not simple or straightforward. As a dynamic and high-risk activity, climbing requires a precise interplay between cognition, perception, and precise action execution. While prior research has predominantly focused on the movement aspect of climbing (i.e., skeletal posture and individual limb movements), recent studies have also examined the climber’s visual attention and its links to their performance. To associate the climber’s attention with their actions, however, has traditionally required frame-by-frame manual coding of the recorded eye-tracking videos. To overcome this challenge and automatically contextualize the analysis of eye movements in indoor climbing, we present deep learning-driven (YOLOv5) hold detection that facilitates automatic grasp recognition. To demonstrate the framework, we examined the expert climber’s eye movements and egocentric perspective acquired from eye-tracking glasses (SMI and Tobii Glasses 2). Using the framework, we observed that the expert climber’s grasping duration was positively correlated with total fixation duration (r = 0.807) and fixation count (r = 0.864); however, it was negatively correlated with the fixation rate (r = −0.402) and saccade rate (r = −0.344). The findings indicate the moments of cognitive processing and visual search that occurred during decision making and route prospecting. Our work contributes to research on eye–body performance and coordination in high-stakes contexts, and informs the sport science and expands the applications, e.g., in training optimization, injury prevention, and coaching.

Exposure misclassification: an “immortal time” bias in observational studies of training load and injury

Several observational studies of the relationship between training load and injury have found increased risks of injury at low loads. These associations are expected because load is often assessed at the end of the injury follow-up period. As such, athletes who get injured earlier in the follow-up period will have systematically lower loads than athletes who get injured later in the follow-up period. In this commentary, we identify this problem as a type of exposure misclassification occurring from the misalignment of exposure measurement and start of follow-up. This methodological issue has previously been recognized in other areas of epidemiology as “immortal time bias”. We discuss how this bias can be prevented by aligning the measurement of load with the start of follow-up for injury.

Competitive Surfers Training Profile And Injury Prevalence And Patterns: Data From Brazilian National Youth Championship

Competitive Surfers Training Profile And Injury Prevalence And Patterns: Data From Brazilian National Youth Championship

A Single Bout of On-Ice Training Leads to Increased Interlimb Asymmetry in Competitive Youth Hockey Athletes.

Interlimb asymmetry (ILA) refers to an anatomical or physiological imbalance between contralateral limbs, which can influence neuromuscular function. Investigating the influence of neuromuscular fatigue on ILA may be critical for optimizing training programs, injury rehabilitation, and sport-specific performance. The purpose of this study was to determine if a single bout of ice hockey-specific exercise creates or exacerbates lower-limb ILA. Before and after an on-ice training session, 33 youth ice-hockey athletes (14.9 [1.7]y; 11 females) performed 3 repetitions of a maximal vertical countermovement jump (CMJ), an eccentric hamstring contraction, and maximal isometric hip adduction and abduction contractions. Force- and power-related variables were analyzed to determine limb-specific neuromuscular function. The on-ice session reduced maximal isometric hip adduction (left: 7.3% [10.3%]; right: 9.5% [9.6%]) and abduction (left: 4.9% [6.9%]; right: 5.0% [8.1%]) force, but did not impair (P ≥ .10) CMJ performance (jump height, relative peak power, braking duration, and total duration). After the on-ice session, ILA was greater for CMJ propulsive impulse (6.3% [2.9%] vs 5.1% [2.6%]), CMJ braking rate of force development (19.3% [7.6%] vs 15.2% [6.4%]), and peak isometric hip adduction force (6.7% [5.5%] vs 6.1% [4.1%]). In conclusion, hockey-specific exercise leads to increased ILA for multiple force-related metrics, which may be a compensatory mechanism to maintain bilateral task performance when fatigued.

A biomechanics research on drug therapy in the rehabilitation of sports training injuries

In the process of sports training and competition, if sports injury occurs, it not only has a serious impact on the physical and psychological of athletes, but also has a negative impact on the overall training and competition. During the competition, if effective treatment is not obtained, it can have an irreversible impact on athletes’ future participation in sports. Nowadays, many athletes lack knowledge on the prevention and treatment of sports injuries during physical exercise. Therefore, it is urgent to conduct research and analysis on the treatment methods for training injury rehabilitation. In this paper, the visual analogue scale (VAS) and cell landscape analysis technology were used to analyze and compare the therapeutic effects of platelet rich plasma (PRP) injection technology, diclofenac, indomethacin, Qili San and placebo tablets. Focusing on how these drugs promote rehabilitation by affecting mechanical parameters and tissue mechanical properties, it is concluded that PRP injection technique, diclofenac and indomethacin improve the treatment effect of pain after rehabilitation of sports injuries. The number of people who completely recovered with Indomethacin was 4 and that with placebo was 2. The results show that these drugs significantly improve the mechanical properties of the tissue and contribute to the rehabilitation process. This study has further explored the drug treatment of sports injury, explored several drug treatment mechanisms and efficacy and has guiding significance for subsequent drug treatment of sports injury.

The patterns and prevention of injuries in college table tennis training

This paper conducts a detailed investigation and analysis of injuries among table tennis athletes from college sports academies, and preliminarily explores some general patterns of sports-related injuries that have occurred, summarizing some preventive measures and solutions.

The Relationship between Training Load and Injury Risk in Basketball: A Systematic Review.

The relationship between training load and injury risk in basketball is an important area in sports injury prevention and performance enhancement; however, there is limited conclusive evidence of their associations. The aim of this systematic review was to examine the evidence of the relationship between training load and injury risk in basketball, which is one of the most common sports worldwide. This systematic review was conducted according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. A comprehensive literature search was conducted on the PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science databases up until March 2024. The search aimed to identify studies that prospectively and/or retrospectively examined the relationship between training load and injury risk in basketball. Inclusion criteria were limited to studies published before February 2024. The quality of each study was assessed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Quality Assessment Scale and Oxford Centre for Evidence-Based Medicine levels of evidence. A narrative synthesis of the findings was performed. A total of 14 articles met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Of these, 11 studies reported at least partially statistically significant results, providing evidence of a relationship between training load and injury risk. In conclusion, the findings of this review suggest a clear relationship between training load and injury risk in basketball.

Analysis of artificial intelligence medical treatment for closed muscle skin nerve injury caused by aerobics training

In aerobics training, closed myocutaneous nerve damage needs to be paid attention to, especially high-intensity training may cause minor damage to muscles and nerves. With the help of AI medical technology and the understanding of molecular and cellular biomechanics, we can more accurately explore the mechanism of injury, such as the effects of nerve tensile stress and microenvironment changes on nerve regeneration. This helps to develop scientific rehabilitation methods, such as AI-assisted personalized training, neural regeneration technology, and real-time monitoring of training intensity to speed up athletes’ rehabilitation and reduce the risk of future injuries. Purpose: Aerobics training is very strict and requires high physical fitness of dancers. During long-term training, dancers can easily cause closed musculocutaneous nerve injury. Traditional medicine is difficult to guarantee the treatment effect of patients with musculocutaneous nerve injury. The use of artificial intelligence medicine for closed musculocutaneous nerve injury treatment can improve the treatment effect of aerobics training induced closed musculocutaneous nerve injury. Method: This article utilized artificial intelligence medicine for the treatment of musculocutaneous nerve injury, and used artificial intelligence technology to analyze patient imaging and other data to assist doctors in accurate diagnosis. Utilize intelligent algorithms to predict medication plans, reduce medication errors, and intelligently adjust the course of treatment based on the patient’s condition. In artificial intelligence healthcare, high-quality online medical services can be created through intelligent technology, providing convenient medical consultation for patients. Result: This article selected 200 patients with musculocutaneous nerve injury caused by aerobics training for grouping experiments. The average diagnostic accuracy of traditional medicine and artificial intelligence medicine were 84.2% and 95.6%, respectively. Conclusion: Artificial intelligence medicine can achieve medical informatization and intelligently analyze patients’ medical information, which helps to improve the accuracy of medical diagnosis for aerobics training injuries.

Athlete Health Implications of Match Injuries in Portuguese Rugby Union.

Our aim was to report time-loss match injuries in Portugal's "Divisão de Honra" (Portuguese first tier) in the 2022/2023 season, focusing on injury incidence, burden, anatomical region, and type, to assess their impact on athletes' health and availability to play. A prospective cohort study was conducted monitoring injuries via an online form filled in by each team's medical department, categorizing player position, as well as injury type, location, and severity. Incidence and burden were calculated per 1000 player-match-hours. The overall injury incidence was 54.4 injuries per 1000 player-match-hours (95% CI 30.3-96.2). Forwards had higher injury incidence than backs. Lower limbs were the most affected locations-29 injuries/1000 h of exposure (95% CI 13.7-52.0). Sprain/ligaments injuries were the most common type of injury (14.4 injuries/1000 h (95% CI 3.7-30.0), followed by muscle injuries (8.1 injuries/1000 h 95% CI 4.9-11.5). Injury incidence was higher than what is reported in amateur competitions and lower than for professionals. Injury severity was similar to that in other studies. Our study suggests a lower injury burden than in other semi-professional and elite leagues. These findings highlight the need for targeted injury prevention strategies in the Portuguese Rugby Union to increase athletes' availability by decreasing injury incidence and/or burden. Further research with broader participation and training injury data is needed.

Advances in Intelligent Sports Based on Triboelectric Nanogenerators

In the realm of intelligent sports, the integration of triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) marks a transformative approach toward energy sustainability and more advanced athletic monitoring. By leveraging the principle of triboelectricity, TENGs ingeniously convert mechanical energy from athletes’ movements into electrical energy, which offers a green and efficient power solution for wearable technology. This paper presents an innovative study on the application of TENG technology in sports science, with the results illustrating the potential utility of TENGs in revolutionizing the way we monitor, analyze, and enhance athletic performance. Through the development of self-powered wearables and equipment, TENGs facilitate real-time data collection on physiological and biomechanical parameters, ultimately enabling personalized training adjustments and injury prevention strategies. Our findings underscore the dual benefit of TENGs in promoting environmental sustainability by reducing the overall reliance on traditional energy sources and growing the capabilities of intelligent sports systems. This research contributes to the burgeoning field of nano-energy sports applications while setting the stage for future explorations into the optimization of TENG integration in athletic performance enhancement. Finally, the paper concludes by discussing remaining challenges in this area and opportunities for further research.

Prevalence, severity, and predictors of self-reported depression in ultra-distance runners: An online survey based on 265 athletes.

BackgroundLiterature suggests a high prevalence of mental health disorders among athletes practicing elite and extreme sports. One of the most commonly encountered disorders in this group of individuals is depression. ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to examine the prevalence, severity, and risk factors of symptoms of self-reported depression among ultra-distance runners. MethodsData was collected using an online survey (February to April 2023) and included 265 (age 48.35 ± 10.52 years) adult ultra-runners. The Beck Depression Inventory-II (BDI-II) was used to measure self-reported depression. Additional variables comprised basic sociodemographic information and information regarding training, ultramarathon experience, and previous injury. Descriptive and interferential statistics were performed using JASP Version 0.16.4. ResultsWe found that 21.9 % (n = 58) of ultra-runners suffered from self-reported depression (i.e., BDI-II score ≥ 14) with an average BDI-II score of 22.7 ± 7.1 (moderately severe symptoms). Female ultra-runners had a higher prevalence (30.8 %) of self-reported depression than males (16.2 %, p = .001). Logistic regression revealed that ultra-runners without previous sports injury (p = .01) and those of increasing age (p = .003) had a significantly lower risk of self-reported depression. Similarly, linear regression showed the absence of injury (p < .001) and increasing age (p = .02) resulted in significantly lower BDI-II scores. Training volume in distance and hours per week as well as ultra-running experience did not show any significant association. ConclusionsAffecting more than one-fifth of our collective, depressive symptoms appear to be highly prevalent among ultra-runners. Our findings underline the importance of screening for clinical depression, especially among injured athletes. However, the previously assumed peculiarities of the sport in the area of high training volume do not appear to be a significant factor.

Analysis of Mechanical Damage in Dance Training Under Artificial Intelligence Behavior Constraints

This study focuses on the application of artificial intelligence behavior constraints in the analysis of mechanical injuries in dance training, aiming to accurately analyze and effectively prevent mechanical injuries during dance training through the introduction of artificial intelligence technology. Dance, as a highly dependent art form on physical skills, often comes with a certain risk of mechanical injury during its training process. In this study, we first reviewed the relevant theories of mechanical injuries in dance training and analyzed the inherent relationship between dance movements and mechanical injuries. Subsequently, we utilized artificial intelligence technology to conduct behavior constraint analysis on the dance training process. By constructing a dance action recognition model, we achieved real-time monitoring and evaluation of dance training actions. On this basis, we further utilize the principles of mechanics to quantitatively analyze dance movements and extract key factors that affect mechanical damage. Through in-depth analysis and comparison, this study found that mechanical injuries in dance training are mainly influenced by various factors such as movement standardization, training intensity, and individual differences. We applied the theory of sports biomechanics to study sports dance injuries and analyzed the causes of athlete injuries. By exploring more scientific training methods and means, the correlation coefficients between main joint muscle strength, proprioception, tibialis anterior muscle imbalance response time, and rotational stability were measured to study proprioception training suitable for sports dance, adhering to the principle of gradual progression. In future sports dance rotation training, corresponding training should be carried out according to the characteristics of different rotation steps, providing reference for strengthening leg training and ankle training.

Clinical efficacy of double-bundle and double-tunnel enhanced reconstruction in the treatment of anterior cruciate ligament injury

To explore the clinical efficacy of double beam double tunnel enhanced reconstruction technique in the treatment of knee anterior cruciate ligament(ACL) training injuries. Twenty-nine cases of ACL injury of knee joint from January 2021 to December 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. All the cases were underwent ligament reconstruction surgery. Cases were grouped by surgical technique:there were 14 patients in conventional reconstruction group, including 13 males and 1 female, aged from 22 to 31 years old with an average of (27.07±7.28) years old, autogenous hamstring tendon was used for ligament reconstruction. There were 15 patients in the enhanced reconstruction group, including 13 males and 2 females, aged from 25 to 34 years old with an average of (29.06±4.23) years old, double tunnel ligament reconstruction, the autogenous hamstring muscle was used as the anteromedial bundle, and the posterolateral bundle was replaced by a high-strength line. The difference between knee tibial anterior distance, Lysholm score, International Knee Literature Committee (IKDC) subjective score, Tegner motor level score and visual analog scale (VAS) at 6th and 12th months after the surgery, limb symmetry index (LSI) were recorded at the last follow-up and surgery-related adverse effects during follow-up. All patients were followed up, ranged from 13 to 15 months with an average of (13.7±0.8) months. There were no serious adverse reactions related to surgery during the period. There was no statistical difference between the preoperative general data and the observation index of the two groups (P>0.05). The difference in tibial anterior distance at 6 and 12 months in the enhanced reconstruction group (1.45±0.62) mm and (1.74±0.78) mm which were lower those that in the conventional reconstruction group (2.42±0.60) mm and (2.51±0.63) mm(P<0.05). There was no significant difference in postoperative Lysholm score, Tegner motor level score, IKDC score, VAS, and limb symmetry index at the last follow-up(P>0.05). The enhanced reconstruction technique can more effectively maintain the stability of the knee joint and has no significant effect on the postoperative knee joint function compared with the traditional ligament reconstruction technique. The short-term curative effect is satisfactory, and it is suitable for the group with high sports demand.

An Investigation of the Current Insights of Vietnam National Athletes’ Sport Injury Anxiety

Injury in sport training and competition is considered to be one of the critical factors that greatly affect an athlete’s sport performance, training and post training outcomes. The purpose of this study is to provide insights into the sport injury anxiety currently existing among the Vietnam National Athletic Team Members. Analysis of the study’s findings reports that 78% of the participants indicating at least once during their sport practice that they experienced injury. Additionally, there maintains a high level of anxiety about getting reinjury among the Vietnam National Athletes (TB = 4.54 ± 0.43). The findings also reveal that there are significantly statistical differences by gender and sports in some factor groups.

Maximizing the performance of badminton athletes through core strength training: Unlocking their full potential using machine learning (ML) modeling

Core strength training plays an essential role in maximizing performance for badminton athletes. The core muscles in the abdominal, back, and hip regions provide stability, enable efficient power transfer between the upper and lower body, and allow for rapid changes in direction - all crucial components for success in badminton. However, optimizing core training requires an understanding of its impact on sport-specific skills. A variety of exercises targeting the abdominal, back, and hip muscles are discussed. Incorporating core strength training into regular regimens can improve athletes' overall strength, endurance, balance, control, and prevent injuries. This study investigates the effects of various core exercises on stability, agility, and power in badminton players. A comprehensive literature review was conducted to explore the biomechanical demands of badminton and how core musculature contributes to movements like serving, smashing, and lunging. Studies assessing the effects of core training programs in related racquet sports were also examined. The results indicate that targeted core exercises significantly improve athletes' stability, agility, and power output. Exercises targeting the abdominal, back, and hip muscles enhance performance capabilities while reducing injury risk. Machine learning (ML) techniques are then applied to further analyze the relationship between core training and athletic performance. An Artificial Neural Network (ANN) is developed using a dataset of athletes' training histories, metrics, and injury profiles. The model predicts enhancements to stability, agility, and strength from optimized core strengthening routines. Validation confirms the network accurately captures the complex interactions between training variables and physical attributes. This integrated approach provides evidence-based guidelines for tailoring individualized training regimens to unleash players' full abilities. ANNs hold promise for analyzing large datasets on athletes' performance metrics, training variables, and injury histories to design personalized training programs. Linear regression analysis confirmed the ANN's accurate predictions. The findings emphasize integrating data-driven core strength training tailored for badminton into comprehensive programs can help optimize physical abilities and elevate performance levels.

Impact of an Integrated Human Performance Support Group: Evaluation of Air Force Special Warfare Candidate Training and Musculoskeletal Injury Outcomes Over Eight Fiscal Years.

The Special Warfare Training Wing and Special Warfare Human Performance Support Group (HPSG; all-co-authors) were established in fiscal year (FY) 2019 to consolidate and oversee all Air Force Special Warfare (AFSPECWAR) training and provide embedded medical and human performance support to candidates with the goal of improving graduation rates and the longevity of the AFSPECWAR operator. The purpose of this manuscript is to assess the impact of the HPSG on AFSPECWAR graduation rates, musculoskeletal injury (MSKI) incidence, and cost. Graduation rates, MSKI incidence (including incidence density and cumulative incidence probability), and MSKI-related health care costs were assessed across all AFSPECWAR training pipelines spanning 8 FYs 2015-22, including Indoctrination, Assessment, and Selection Courses (Selection); Tactical Air Control Party (TACP); Special Tactics (ST), and Guardian Angel (GA). A total of 5,728 distinct candidates were assessed over the time frame. There were significant decreases in attrition when comparing the HPSG era (FY 19-22) with the prior 4-year period for the ST (47% vs. 82% graduates) and TACP (34% vs. 41% graduates) training pipelines. The corresponding Selection (36% graduates) and GA (80% graduates) pipeline attrition rates remained stable. MSKI incidence rates (both incidence density and cumulative incidence probability) overall were not significantly different when comparing the pre-HPSG and HPSG time frames; however, they varied between the two time frames by course. GA candidates had a decrease in MSKI during the apprentice course in the HPSG era compared with the pre-HPSG era (2.4-1.0 cases per 100 trainee weeks; P < .001), which corresponds to a nearly 20% reduction in the cumulative incidence probability (i.e., proportion of trainees injured) after 10 weeks of course. For ST and TACP courses, however, significantly increased incidence of MSKI was observed when comparing the two time frames (P < .001), while for Selection courses, the rates remained stable. A significant reduction in the cost of MSKI-related management (62% total relative value units, 83% total costs) was observed. The impact of the HPSG on attrition, MSKI incidence, and cost-of-care was not consistent across all training pipelines; however, taken together, there were no increases in attrition, and the cost of MSKI management was significantly lower.