Initial Training Research Articles

Stakeholders’ Training Initiatives by Neo-Pentecostal Churches can Alleviate Domestic Water Scarcity in Tigania West Constituency

Church teachings and doctrines are expected to be all-inclusive. Therefore, Neo-Pentecostal Churches (NPCs) in Tigania West should incorporate water stakeholder training into their spiritual and community responsibilities. By partnering with NGOs, Bible schools, and technical institutions, NPCs can equip leaders with skills in sustainable water management to address domestic water scarcity, improve access, reduce diseases, and enhance livelihoods. This study explored the training initiatives for water stakeholders by Neo-Pentecostal churches on alleviation of domestic water scarcity in Tigania West constituency, where 97% of the population faces severe water challenges. Despite biblical mandates in Matthew 28:20 and Ezekiel 34:17-19, which call for addressing both spiritual and practical needs, NPCs however perceive water stakeholder training as outside their biblical mandate. This narrow focus on spiritual matters highlights a gap in their involvement in addressing water scarcity menace. Using the Theological Reflection Theory, the study adopted a qualitative approach and phenomenological research design. It targeted 22 registered NPCs in Tigania West, with a sample of 59 participants who were sampled using cluster sampling technique. Respondents were pastors and church members. Data was collected through interviews, focus group discussions, and document analysis, with pre-testing ensuring validity and reliability. Thematic analysis technique was applied to analyze the collected data. Findings revealed that NPCs lacked formal water management training programs, although some churches expressed interest in vocational initiatives like rainwater harvesting and infrastructure development. The study concluded that NPCs’ limited engagement with water scarcity represents a missed opportunity to align spiritual teachings with community development. The study recommends collaboration of NPCs, Faith-Based Organizations (FBOs), NGOs, and Bible schools, with technical institutions in organizing workshops, seminars, and other capacity-building initiatives regarding water management and access. These initiatives would provide practical knowledge on water catchment protection, rainwater harvesting, and infrastructure development, thus enhancing NPCs' role in bridging faith and social responsibility.

Enhancing Research Through Image Analysis Workshops: Experiences and Best Practices.

Modern microscopy systems allow researchers to generate large volumes of image data with relative ease. However, the challenge of analyzing these data effectively is often hindered by a lack of computational skills. This bottleneck negatively impacts both research reproducibility and efficiency, as researchers frequently rely on manual or semi-automated analysis methods. Interactive image analysis workshops offer a valuable solution, equipping researchers with the skills and tools needed to automate image processing tasks. In this paper, we share our experiences and best practices from conducting such workshops, which emphasize the use of open-source software like ImageJ, FIJI, and Python-based tools such as JupyterLab and napari. We discuss key considerations for workshop design, logistics, and outcomes, while highlighting common pitfalls to avoid. Using two recent workshops as case studies, we also present strategies for optimizing participant engagement and learning. Our insights offer practical guidance for planning and conducting image analysis workshops and serve as a starting point for researchers looking to establish similar training initiatives and enrich their local imaging communities.

ENHANCING NURSE-PATIENT COMMUNICATION: A COMPREHENSIVE SYSTEMATIC REVIEW OF EFFECTIVE STRATEGIES

Background: Practical communication skills are imperative in nursing to ensure patient safety and comfort. Studies reveal that nurses often fail to implement therapeutic communication fully, resulting in dissatisfaction from beginning to end patient care. Objective: This study seeks to pinpoint strategies to enhance nurses' communication proficiency with patients. Method: Employing a systematic review approach, this research delved into journals archived in the EBSCO E. Journal, Elsevier Science Direct, Pubmed, CINAHL Complete, and Google Scholar databases, alongside nursing management and leadership literature. The operational definition encapsulates the endeavors undertaken by nurses to refine communication strategies with their patients. The study was conducted across diverse clinics and hospitals, encompassing all nurses within these settings, with the research sample comprising those lacking robust communication strategies. Data was gathered through the administration of questionnaires and the utilization of observation sheets. Results: Findings underscored that training initiatives bolstered nurses' confidence in delivering comprehensive patient care. Furthermore, culturally sensitive communication skill guides proved instrumental in augmenting nurse-patient communication and patient satisfaction. Moreover, tailored therapeutic communication programs designed for pediatric nurses yielded favorable outcomes, fostering secure and healthy interactions, nurturing trust, and expediting recovery. Short workshops emerged as another effective avenue for refining nurses' communication skills. Consequently, implementing training sessions, comprehensive guides, specialized programs, and brief workshops is pivotal in elevating communication between nurses and patients.

A scriptwriting incubator course in South Africa: the ‘educational dividend’ in a rapidly evolving media landscape

Increased competition among global media conglomerates entering Africa’s largely underserved and potentially huge market in search of audience numbers results in increased demand for locally produced African stories. This article considers the educational and pedagogic approach to training screenwriters in a year-long script incubator course funded by a South African media corporate with involvement of industry and the Film and Television Department at the University of the Witwatersrand in Johannesburg. The article describes the incremental nature of the script incubator process, while providing anecdotal observations about how participants responded to course content and its roll-out. Grappling with the educator’s role in such industry-funded training initiatives, the article avoids dismissing the ‘educational dividend’ as simply another path to profit for commercial broadcasters seeking suitable skills for industry employment. This raises important considerations for film educators working within local socio-economic realities.

A systematic review of training for mainstream mental health professionals working with people with intellectual disabilities and mental health needs

Purpose Policy in the UK and many other countries states that mainstream mental health services should be accessible to people with intellectual disabilities (ID). The purpose of this paper is to systematically review training and development needs assessments and delivered training and development for professionals working in mainstream mental health services who may work with people with IQ. Design/methodology/approach A systematic search of four databases (Web of Science; PsychInfo; PubMed; CINAHL) over the period of 2011–2023 was used. Papers were included if they described training or development delivered to, or specific training or development needs analyses of, mainstream qualified staff to support working with adults who have an ID. Findings Two papers were found that described training and development initiatives and six that described training and development needs analysis, five of these papers originated from Australia and were part of the development of a comprehensive workforce competency framework. Research limitations/implications Training and development approaches for mainstream mental health services to facilitate the support of people with IQ should be systematically developed and trialled. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this is the first study to review training and training needs analysis in this area since 2012. The review finds only a small number of papers in what is an important area for service development.

The effectiveness of health promotion (audiovisual and leaflet) on adolescents' behavior regarding breast self-examination

Introduction: Breast cancer is a leading cause of mortality among women worldwide. Early Breast Self-Examination (BSE) detection can be crucial in reducing late-stage diagnosis and improving survival rates. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of audiovisual media and leaflet-based health promotion on adolescents' knowledge, attitudes, and practices regarding breast self-examination. Research Methodology: This type of research is quantitative. The design used is the pre-test-posttest control group design, which is considered relevant to the assessment of health education or training initiatives. The sampling method used is random sampling. The paired t-test was used for data analysis, and the independent t-test was used to compare the variation in knowledge scores between the two treatments. Result: Paired tests showed that the average knowledge score of the V2 group was higher than that of the V1 group (20.934 vs. 10.208) in the pre-test to post-test-1, with a significant increase in knowledge (p<0.05) between the two groups. Similarly, the average knowledge score of the V2 group was higher than that of the V1 group (19.646 vs. 7.183) in the pre-test to post-test-2, and their attitude change was more significant than that of the V1 group (7.980 vs. 2.765). However, in the pre-test to post-test-1, the attitude change between the V1 and V2 groups was insignificant (p>0.05). Likewise, the average attitude change score of the V2 group in the pre-test to post-test-2 was higher than that of the V1 group (6.555 vs. 2.009), although the difference was not statistically significant (p>0.05). Conclusion: This study concludes that the leaflet approach to adolescents' behavior regarding breast self-examination (BSE) substantially impacts improving knowledge and attitudes about the effectiveness of health promotion before and after its implementation.

Plagiarism and text-matching software: awareness, attitude and knowledge of research students in India

Higher educational institutions in India actively address plagiarism through policies, training, and library initiatives. Despite efforts, frequent plagiarism incidents leading to retractions suggest gaps in understanding policies or their effectiveness. This study explores research students' awareness of anti-plagiarism norms and differences by gender. Findings reveal misconceptions about unintentional versus intentional plagiarism. Notably, 31.1% of respondents didn't recognise content similarity as plagiarism. Interestingly, gender showed no significant difference in intentional plagiarism incidents. Awareness of policies correlates with text-matching software use. The role of university libraries in educating students on ethics and plagiarism prevention is crucial for fostering integrity in research and education.

Empowering lecturers: How culture, training, and rewards drive performance with Islamic work ethics as the key

This research aims to address the gap in understanding key factors influencing Lecturer Performance in Islamic-based higher education, particularly the roles of Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB), Employee Engagement, and Islamic Work Ethic (IWE). The study explores how Cultural Change and Training impact Lecturer Performance through OCB and Employee Engagement as mediators, with IWE moderating these relationships. Using survey methodology, data were collected from lecturers in Islamic-based institutions in Aceh through structured questionnaires measuring these variables. The analysis, conducted using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) with AMOS, highlights the significant roles of OCB, Employee Engagement, and IWE in enhancing performance. The findings also reveal how Islamic values influence the interplay between management practices and performance outcomes. While the reliance on self-reported data and focus on specific variables may limit the study, it contributes valuable insights into the importance of strategic Cultural Change and Training initiatives in fostering a supportive organizational culture, aligning employee behavior with institutional goals, and advancing lecturer development and institutional success.

Improving primary healthcare quality in China through training needs analysis

The diagnosis and treatment capability levels of healthcare professionals directly affect the overall quality of medical services. Enhancing these capability levels requires strengthening the professional skill training of healthcare workers, especially those in primary care settings in economically underdeveloped areas. To understand the actual needs for professional skill training among primary healthcare workers, thereby providing data support for targeted training initiatives. An online survey was conducted using convenience sampling and subsequently, snowball sampling from May 10, 2023 to January 31, 2024. The survey included 3811 healthcare workers across China, and 3617 valid questionnaires were recovered. Descriptive analysis was used to compare the professional backgrounds and training needs of healthcare workers at different medical facility levels. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were employed to explore factors influencing the training of primary healthcare workers. The survey revealed that 70.1% of respondents were female, and 94.2% were from medical facilities below the provincial level, with 43.2% from township-level or lower medical facilities. Significant differences were found in age distribution, work experience, professional titles, educational levels, and training needs among provincial/national, prefectural/county, and township levels (P < 0.05). Busy clinical work schedules were the primary barrier to training participation. Most healthcare workers (78.7%) expected more than four training sessions per year, with the optimal frequency being quarterly. The most anticipated training topics among primary care workers were latest medical guidelines, new technologies/skills, and advanced management concepts, with over 80% interest. Compared with prefectural/county-level facilities, primary care workers at grassroots facilities are more significantly impacted by lower professional titles, lower education levels, weaker medical/technical skills, and insufficient specialized funding (odds ratio > 1, P < 0.001). Training should be tailored to the needs of healthcare workers at different medical facility levels. Particularly for primary care settings, providing special funding support and training in the latest medical guidelines, new technologies/skills, and advanced management concepts are important to improve the composition of titles, education, and professional technicians.

Evaluating Approaches Employed by the Ministry of Finance in Tanzania to Enhance the Effectiveness of On-Job Training Programs

This paper evaluates the approaches employed by the Ministry of Finance in its on-the-job training programs using a qualitative approach. Specifically, the paper intended to; investigate the approaches employed by the Ministry of Finance in the design, implementation, and management of its on-job training initiatives, to assess the extent to which knowledge and skills acquired through OJT programs are successfully applied to employees' daily roles and responsibilities and to examine challenges and barriers faced by the Ministry of Finance in implementing OJT programs. The theory which was adopted in the paper is Human capital theory which suggests that investments in employee training and development can improve their productivity and skills, benefiting both the individual and the organization. The target population for this study was the 550 Ministry of Finance Employees at the headquarter. A case study research design was adopted, with a combination of random and purposive sampling techniques yielding a sample of 55 respondents. Data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and documentary reviews, and analyzed using both quantitative and content analysis methods. The findings reveal that the Ministry has employed several strategies in designing, implementing, and managing these training programs. These strategies include tailoring training to specific job roles and career paths (90% of respondents), promoting continuous professional development (90% of respondents), offering leadership development programs (85% of respondents), providing performance-based training incentives (85% of respondents), integrating emerging technologies (82% of respondents), fostering cross-departmental collaboration, and promoting diversity and inclusion in training initiatives (75% of respondents). Employees have largely applied the skills and knowledge gained from these trainings; however, their effectiveness is often hindered by challenges such as limited managerial support, lack of time, insufficient feedback and recognition, and inadequate resources. Moreover, the overall effectiveness of the Ministry’s on-the-job training implementation is constrained by factors including time constraints, difficulties in identifying skills gaps, resource limitations, resistance to change, and a lack of training infrastructure. In conclusion, while the Ministry of Finance has demonstrated a commitment to implementing on-the-job training programs, the paper recommends that management should focus on ensuring the allocation of adequate financial resources, conducting effective training needs assessments to accurately identify skills gaps, and hiring more qualified and adequate professional trainers to enhance the effectiveness of these programs.

Perceived clinical competence and its related factors among registered nurses employed at selected outpatient clinics in Egypt.

Nurses' clinical competence is a significant concern in all healthcare settings due to the necessity of delivering high-quality patient care. Understanding and addressing the factors related to competence are crucial for promoting nurses' clinical competence and ultimately improving patient outcomes. Producing and maintaining a skilled nursing workforce is essential to protect communities. This study aimed to assess the level of self-evaluated clinical competence and its correlation with demographic and occupational variables among registered nurses employed at selected outpatient clinics in Egypt. The study utilized a descriptive cross-sectional design with a self-administered, two-part questionnaire that assessed participants' demographic and occupational variables as well as perceived clinical competence in various healthcare settings. It took place at outpatient clinics of two governmental hospitals and five primary healthcare centers in Mansoura City, Egypt between January, and June 2023. A purposive sample of 450 nurses took part in this study. The average score of nurses' clinical competence was 155.3±7.2 out of 230, indicating a "moderate level". In terms of professional behaviors and general performance, the average score for clinical competence was 48.4±3.6 and 40.7±4.1 respectively. Additionally, the average score for clinical competence regarding core and advanced nursing skills were 43.4±3.0 and 22.8±1.5 respectively. Among the domains of clinical competence, the highest average score was associated with "professional behaviors" as it forms the backbone of nursing practice. There was a highly significant relationship between the average score of clinical competence and the participant's age, sex, level of education, and years of clinical work experience (P<0.001). Nurses perceived their level of clinical competence as moderate. To enhance nurses' clinical competence, future studies and interventions should focus on promoting supportive work environments, providing ongoing education and training in advanced nursing skills, and the fostering development of critical thinking skills in nurses. Healthcare organizations should implement educational interventions to enhance nurses' clinical competence. These interventions should include continuous professional development opportunities, mentorship programs, inclusive training initiatives, and structured feedback mechanisms. These measures will help nurses stay up-to-date with the latest practices and technologies, create a supportive learning atmosphere, and address the unique needs and challenges faced by nurses of different genders and specialties.

An Examination of Methodological Approaches in Applied Technology Classrooms: A Reflective Perspective from Vocational and Training Educators

This research exposes the pertinent methodological considerations regarding digital competence for educators in Vocational Training Applied Technology classrooms. The study employs deductive thematic analysis, a well-established design recognised for effectiveness in examining and validating specific theoretical frameworks. To uphold the thematic analysis's rigour, it incorporates thorough preparation, systematic methodologies, and meticulous record-keeping, particularly when handling extensive datasets. Instruments were used for research in six vocational education and training (VET) institutions with Applied Technology Classrooms (ATCs) in Catalonia's Tarragona, Barcelona, and Lleida provinces. The study included interviews and focus groups with twenty-five participants, and two classes were observed after data collection was processed with the Turboscribe.ai application and uploaded to the ATLAS.ti system Version 24.1.1 for analysis of the participants' discourse. Participants have addressed integrating advanced technologies, including 3D printing, virtual reality, and laser cutting, into the educational framework of ATC as the pivotal seeker to transform and modernise vocational education. This strategic incorporation has the potential to revolutionise teaching methodologies, allowing students to engage in experiential learning and directly apply theoretical knowledge. However, some significant challenges have been identified: (1) the pressing need for VET teachers to improve their digital competencies. (2) Furthermore, there is a need to address the implementation of digital mentorship and training initiatives and the practical digital instructional skills of educators and their official certifications. (3) A frank methodological approach is needed to develop better actions in the ATCs. This research exposes the pertinent methodological considerations regarding digital competence for educators in Vocational Training Applied Technology classrooms. The study employs deductive thematic analysis, a well-established design recognised for effectiveness in examining and validating specific theoretical frameworks. To uphold the thematic analysis's rigour, it incorporates thorough preparation, systematic methodologies, and meticulous record-keeping, particularly when handling extensive datasets. Instruments were used for research in six vocational education and training (VET) institutions with Applied Technology Classrooms (ATCs) in Catalonia's Tarragona, Barcelona, and Lleida provinces. The study included interviews and focus groups with twenty-five participants, and two classes were observed after data collection was processed with the Turboscribe.ai application and uploaded to the ATLAS.ti system Version 24.1.1 for analysis of the participants' discourse. Participants have addressed integrating advanced technologies, including 3D printing, virtual reality, and laser cutting, into the educational framework of ATC as the pivotal seeker to transform and modernise vocational education. This strategic incorporation has the potential to revolutionise teaching methodologies, allowing students to engage in experiential learning and directly apply theoretical knowledge. However, some significant challenges have been identified: (1) the pressing need for VET teachers to improve their digital competencies. (2) Furthermore, there is a need to address the implementation of digital mentorship and training initiatives and the practical digital instructional skills of educators and their official certifications. (3) A frank methodological approach is needed to develop better actions in the ATCs.

The impact on users of an unfamiliar AED following a recent training experience: A randomized cross over simulation study

ObjectiveThis study examined the impact of prior familiarity with automated external defibrillator (AED) models on the time of defibrillation and the emotional experiences of laypersons. MethodsWe conducted a randomized cross over simulation study with 123 participants to assess their reactions to both familiar and unfamiliar AED models. The time to first defibrillation was measured using three different AED training models, two of which were previously unknown to the participants. Additionally, semi-structured interviews were held with the participants to gather further insights. ResultsParticipants took longer to initiate defibrillation with unfamiliar (M = 34 s) AEDs compared to familiar (M = 27 s) ones. This delay was accompanied by feelings of confusion, nervousness, and anxiety. Factors such as the design of the AED covers, electrodes, and buttons were identified as sources of confusion. Nonetheless, clear instructions and similarities between devices helped facilitate their use. ConclusionThe findings suggest that AED design and familiarity with different AED designs may affect performance by laypersons. To improve user confidence, it would be useful to familiarize users with a variety of AED models as part of training initiatives. Understanding the impact of AED familiarity on rescuer’s response can guide CPR training strategies and improve outcomes for OHCA. As more AED models become available to the public, the user-friendliness of AEDs may also be improved. It is beneficial for AED manufacturers to consider the results of research when developing new models.

EXAMINING THE FACTORS THAT AFFECT INTERNSHIP STUDENT TEACHERS' USE OF TECHNOLOGY: A STUDY OF UNIVERSITAS NEGERI MAKASSAR

This study investigates the factors influencing internship student teachers' use of technology at Universitas Negeri Makassar. The research aims to identify key determinants that shape their preferences and attitudes toward integrating technology into teaching practices. Data were collected and analyzed using Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), revealing several critical factors with varying levels of influence based on their loading factors. The strongest predictors of technology use included Student Interest and Motivation (0.81), Perceived Value (0.79), and Self-Efficacy (0.76). These highlight the importance of student engagement, personal confidence, and the perceived utility of technology in driving adoption. Other significant factors were Resources and Infrastructure (0.72), Alignment with Curriculum Goals (0.64), and Administrative Support (0.63), underscoring the role of institutional and logistical support. Moderate contributions were noted from Societal and Cultural Influences (0.61), Government Policies and Mandates (0.57), and Professional Development Opportunities (0.54). These indicate external and professional contexts shaping technology integration. Meanwhile, Innovative Teaching Practices (0.53) and Professional Development (0.43) demonstrated lower impacts, suggesting room for improvement in training initiatives.

The Role of Networking in the Relationship between Entrepreneurial Training and Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises among Manufacturing Firms; Kenyan Context

The Role of Networking in the Relationship between Entrepreneurial Training and Performance of Small and Medium Enterprises among Manufacturing Firms; Kenyan Context

Large scale utility solar installation in the USA: Environmental impact and job creation

Large-scale utility solar installations in the United States have gained momentum as a key component of the nation's renewable energy transition. This review examines the environmental impact and job creation associated with these projects, focusing on their contribution to decarbonizing the energy sector and stimulating economic growth. Utility-scale solar installations offer significant environmental benefits, particularly in reducing greenhouse gas emissions and displacing fossil fuel-based energy sources. They also contribute to improving air quality and mitigating climate change. However, challenges such as land use, habitat disruption, and water usage in arid regions present potential environmental concerns. To address these, mitigation strategies such as dual-use projects and siting solar farms on degraded lands are becoming more common. In addition to environmental advantages, utility-scale solar installations play a pivotal role in job creation and economic development. These projects generate a wide range of employment opportunities, particularly in construction, operations, and maintenance. The solar energy sector has grown rapidly, creating tens of thousands of jobs across various regions, including economically disadvantaged and rural areas. The economic ripple effect of solar job creation extends to local communities and related industries, further boosting economic activity. Workforce training and development initiatives are crucial for preparing workers to meet the demands of this growing sector, ensuring that job creation benefits are widespread and inclusive. Despite the positive impacts, challenges related to regulatory barriers, grid integration, and financing remain. This review underscores the importance of supportive policy frameworks and continued innovation to overcome these obstacles and maximize the potential of large-scale solar installations. Looking ahead, advancements in technology, energy storage, and grid infrastructure will be essential for sustaining the environmental and economic gains from utility-scale solar energy in the U.S.

Bridging the Gap in Interactive Education: A WordWall Training Initiative for MGMP Instructors in Padang Panjang

Bridging the Gap in Interactive Education: A WordWall Training Initiative for MGMP Instructors in Padang Panjang

Navigating Human Resource Challenges and Key Success Factors in the Transition to Integrated Logistics Systems: A Change Management Perspective

This study examines the process of change management, identifies human resource obstacles, and explores critical success factors in deploying an integrated logistics system at PT Kubota Indonesia. Employing a qualitative approach and case study methodology, data were gathered via semi-structured interviews, observations, and document analysis. Findings reveal that PT Kubota Indonesia employs a systematic change management strategy that considers human and cultural dimensions. Despite encountering challenges like deficiencies in technical expertise and resistance to change, the company effectively addressed these issues through proactive communication, staff engagement, training initiatives, and strong management backing. Key drivers of success identified encompass executive support, transparent communication, employee involvement, comprehensive training, and adept cultural change management. This study contributes insights into a comprehensive approach to change management, emphasizing the synchronization of technical aspects with human and cultural factors to ensure the triumphant integration of an advanced logistics system.

Assessment of eye care practices and health belief model factors among adult intensive care unit nurses in public hospitals of Amhara Region, Ethiopia

BackgroundEye care is a vital aspect of overall patient health, especially in intensive care units (ICUs) where patients face a heightened risk of ocular complications. Approximately 60% of patients with tracheal tubes and lagophthalmos develop severe ocular surface diseases, such as corneal abrasions, conjunctivitis, and exposure keratopathy, due to insufficient eye protection and lubrication. These complications can adversely affect patient outcomes, including increased mortality rates, extended hospital stays, and reduced satisfaction with care. Despite the importance of effective eye care, practices among intensive care unit nurses can be inconsistent, often influenced by their beliefs and perceptions. The Health Belief Model (HBM) offers a framework to understand these influences, highlighting how nurses’ attitudes toward eye care are shaped by their perceptions of patient severity, susceptibility to complications, perceived benefits and barriers to care, cues to action, and self-efficacy.ObjectiveThis study aims to assess eye care practices among adult intensive care unit nurses in public hospitals in the Amhara Region of Ethiopia and to identify factors influencing these practices based on the Health Belief Model.MethodsA facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted among 213 nurses working in adult ICUs using simple random sampling. Data were collected through a structured, self-administered questionnaire and an observation checklist utilizing Kobo Collect. The data were analyzed using SPSS. Bivariable and multivariable logistic regression models were employed to identify relationships between the constructs of the Health Belief Model and eye care practices.ResultsIn this study, 213 of the 222 respondents participated, resulting in a 96% response rate. Among the participants, 113 nurses (53.1%; 95% CI: 46.5–59.6) demonstrated a high likelihood of providing eye care, while 100 nurses (46.9%; 95% CI: 40.4–53.5) exhibited a lower likelihood based on constructs of the Health Belief Model. Additionally, 125 nurses (58.7%; 95% CI: 52.1–65.3) had inadequate eye care practices, while 133 (62.4%; 95% CI: 55.4–69) possessed adequate knowledge about eye care. Furthermore, 113 participants (53.1%; 95% CI: 46–60.1) held a favorable attitude toward eye care. The multivariable analysis identified several factors associated with eye care practices: monthly salary (AOR = 2.4, 95% CI: 1.1–5.7), educational level (AOR = 0.2, 95% CI: 0.06–0.8), knowledge of eye care (AOR = 2, 95% CI: 1.1–3.4), and availability of eye care equipment (AOR = 0.3, 95% CI: 0.1–0.5).Conclusion and recommendationThe study reveals that fewer than half of the nurses working in adult intensive care units in public hospitals in the Amhara region provide adequate eye care, despite a strong intention to do so. Key factors influencing eye care practices include monthly salary, knowledge level, educational qualifications, and the availability of necessary equipment. To improve eye care delivery, it is essential for relevant authorities to implement targeted training and educational initiatives for nurses, thereby enhancing their skills and knowledge in eye care practices.

Empowering Women through E-Learning: The Role of Waqf in Supporting Digital Education for Girls and Women in Northern Nigeria

This study aims to investigate how women in Northern Nigeria might benefit from digital education through waqf, an Islamic endowment. To increase girls and women's access to education, the study focuses on determining how waqf institutions may aid in creating e-learning infrastructure, materials, and training initiatives. The study aims to eliminate social and economic hurdles that restrict women's access to education in the area, advance gender equality, and provide women with the skills necessary for socioeconomic development by utilizing waqf monies. The ultimate objective is to demonstrate how integrating digital education programs with Islamic charitable frameworks can establish long-term avenues for women's empowerment and promote wider community development in Northern Nigeria. Women's education greatly aids Social and economic progress, especially in areas with large gender gaps. Women's access to formal education has been hampered in Northern Nigeria by long-standing obstacles such as early marriage, poverty, and cultural conventions. However, the emergence of e-learning offers a special chance to close this gap by giving women and girls remote access to educational materials. This study uses a mixed-methods approach, this study investigates how Waqf supports e-learning for women in Northern Nigeria by integrating qualitative and quantitative research approaches. The results indicate that women's educational chances can be greatly improved by combining Waqf with online learning programs, enabling them to better their socioeconomic circumstances and make a positive impact on their communities. The study's conclusion emphasizes the necessity of deliberate actions to optimize Waqf's effectiveness in resolving gender-based educational disparities in Northern Nigeria.