Trafficking In Indonesia Research Articles

A scoping analysis of collaborative governance in preventing and dealing with the crime of human trafficking in Indonesia

The present study analyzed the extant literature about the phenomenon of human trafficking in Indonesia. The Scope Analysis examined scholarly journals and publications from 2012 to 2020. We obtained databases from internationally recognized journals such as Scopus and Web of Science. We restricted the time frame based on the available evidence at that moment. The methodology employed in this study involved the identification, collection, and organization of peer evaluations that were published with pertinent details or by delineating the fundamental concepts that constitute the domain of a research investigation concerning chronology, location (nation or setting), source (literature review), and provenance. The findings of the analysis indicated the existence of articles that delved into the circumstances and current state of persons who fell victim to human trafficking, specifically from Indonesia to different regions throughout the globe. The analysis approach was utilized in this study, following the methodological parameters outlined by Arksey and O’Malley in 2005. Moreover, it is anticipated that the Scoping Analysis will generate policy recommendations for policymakers, practitioners, and researchers seeking to combat and address the illicit trafficking of individuals in Indonesia.

Kejahatan Perdagangan Orang Dalam Perspektif Kejahatan Lintas Negara

Regulations regarding cases of cross-border human trafficking in Indonesia have long existed and were confirmed with the ratification of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women (CEDAW) in 1979. Based on Law Number 7 of 1984 concerning Ratification of the Convention on the Elimination of All Forms of Discrimination against Women. This was then strengthened by the passing of Law no. On the 21st of 2007, legislation was passed to eradicate the crime of human trafficking. Compliance with the Palermo Protocol and the implementation of Law Number 21 of 2007 concerning the Eradication of the Crime of Human Trafficking is expected to increase legal protection for victims of transnational human trafficking, especially women.

Challenges for Anti-Trafficking NGOs in Indonesia

NGOs play a crucial role in safeguarding human dignity, especially in developing countries like Indonesia, where they strategically work to address pressing human rights issues. However, NGOs encounter various challenges that impede their efforts. This research specifically focuses on the challenges faced by NGOs working in human trafficking and exploitation in Indonesia. The analysis is based on data obtained from interviews conducted with four NGOs and an independent worker specializing in the exploitation and trafficking of underage individuals. Moreover, this study delves into the socio-economic problems underlying human trafficking in Indonesia. Drawing inspiration from Marxist theories of labor and poverty, it posits that the issue of human trafficking in Indonesia is closely intertwined with socio-economic instability�particularly affecting the most impoverished segment of the population. The research identifies poverty as a key factor fueling exploitation and trafficking in Indonesia. Furthermore, the study reveals implementation challenges and a lack of alignment with international conventions, such as the Palermo Protocols, in enforcing Indonesia's national law against human trafficking (Law No. 21/2007). These issues are particularly apparent in cases involving underage victims. Keywords: exploitation, human trafficking, NGO, Indonesia

Enhancing Legal Safeguards for Human Trafficking Victims in Indonesia

Human trafficking constitutes one of the most egregious forms of human rights violations, characterized by extensive criminal networks operating at both individual and group levels. This phenomenon is not new, and certain countries, including Indonesia, report high incidences of human trafficking-related crimes. The purpose of this research is to provide an evaluation and understanding of the legal protections available to victims of human trafficking in Indonesia. This study is classified as normative legal research, involving an examination of theories, concepts, legal principles, and relevant statutory provisions pertaining to the topic. Despite significant efforts by the Indonesian government to combat human trafficking, minimum standards for eradication have not been fully met. While there have been notable advancements compared to previous periods, especially in response to the challenges posed by the COVID-19 pandemic, substantial deficiencies remain. Indonesia's upgrade to Tier 2 reflects progress in the investigation, prosecution, and adjudication of human trafficking offenses, including cases of forced labor in palm oil plantations and cyber fraud operations abroad. Additionally, there have been efforts to enhance compensation for victims of human trafficking.

Legal Policy Against the Crime of Women Trafficking in Indonesia

The National Commission Against Violence against Women, also known as Komnas Perempuan, was established over a decade ago in Indonesia. The ratification of numerous policies to protect women also applies in this situation. Paradoxically, there continues to be a significant number of crimes targeting women, with one such crime being the act of trafficking women. The problem is being defined as follows: 1. What is the legal framework governing the offence of human trafficking in women in Indonesia? The implementation of legal policy against the crime of trafficking in women in Indonesia is assessed. Indonesia's legal policy on criminal trafficking of women has been regulated, but its implementation has not been optimal. This is evident from the increasing number of trafficking cases in the country. The Indonesian government needs to take appropriate measures to reduce or minimize these criminal acts. This can enhance underlying variables, such as economic, social, cultural, and political advancements.

Optimizing The Role Of The Community Against Drug Abuse as a Form Of Countermeasure In Realizing a Clean Village From Drugs

The rise of drug trafficking in Indonesia based on the results of BNN data processing still shows a high crime rate, which in the last 2023 reached 4,244,267 people exposed to drugs. Of course, drug crime is a problem that must be strictly prevented and supervised, because gen z is one of the targets of this crime. This is very necessary to be aware of, considering that gen z is the hope of the nation which will be able to advance, develop and educate the nation. The implementation and participation of the role of the community that is carried out optimally can be an effective step in trying to tackle drug abuse. Qualitative method is the method used by researchers. Through observation and literature study, it is possible to know factually about the level of understanding and behavior of the community with the holding of socialization supported by books and journals as research sources. This study aims to determine the role of the community against drug abuse in realizing a clean village from drugs.

Drugs are Nation’s Enemy: BNN Demanded to Implement P4GN Policy in Reducing Prevalence Rate

The government's efforts to reduce drug trafficking in Indonesia by establishing the National Narcotics Agency (BNN), a law that regulates narcotics and rehabilitation for victims of drug abuse. This study uses a qualitative descriptive approach to investigate the implementation of the Prevention Policy for the Eradication of Abuse and Illicit Circulation (P4GN) policy by BNN Cirebon City. The research was conducted purposively, using information from the prevention division personnel and P4GN targets of school students. The results of this research can be analyzed using theory according to George C. Edward III in Saufi & Nim (2016) which explains that there are four supporting variables that affect the success of a policy, namely Communication, Resources, Disposition, and Bureaucratic Structure.

Juridical Analysis of Judges' Considerations in Denying the Rights of Restitution to Victims of Human Trafficking Crimes (Study Decision No. 359 / Pid.Sus / 2020 / PN Cbi)

The implementation of providing restitution is not easy for the court to grant. assist in fulfilling the rights of restitution to victims because prosecutors in carrying out loans have difficulty presenting evidence of expenditure to determine the size of compensation. Settlement case No. 359 /Pid.Sus/2020/PN Cbi is one of the cases where the panel of judges rejected the request for restitution requested by public submission. This research aims to determine the legal provisions governing restitution as a right for victims of human trafficking crimes in Indonesia, analyze the considerations of judges who deny the right to restitution for victims of TIP and enforce the judge's decision that refuses to grant the right to restitution for victims of TIP in the case of Decision No. 359 / Pid.Sus / 2020 / PN Cbi. This research is included in normative juridical research with data obtained from literature studies or library research. The results of this research are that the legal provisions governing restitution as a right of victims of criminal acts of human trafficking in Indonesia are regulated in Article 48 of Law 21/2017 which basically regulates a series of mechanisms for implementing provisions for providing restitution for criminal acts of human trafficking. The panel of judges was correct in providing a legal opinion in rejecting the request for restitution. This causes general lending to not follow the terms, procedures and procedures for requests for restitution, and the panel of judges cannot decide on its own general order regarding the amount of restitution without being based on the provisions regarding restitution which are considered correct and in accordance with applicable regulations so that the panel of judges must request restitution. what is being requested is not in accordance with the applicable law and the impedance of a judge's sentence who refuses to grant a TIP victim the right to restitution. The victim will suffer either physical injury or physical or mental deterioration due to the absence of compensation given to him as a victim of the criminal act of trafficking in persons.

Enforcement of the Criminal Act of Trafficking in Women

Cases of human trafficking in Indonesia are currently very widespread. Apart from being used as sexual exploitation in Indonesia, the most common cases of human trafficking in Indonesia are cases of prostitution where people are trafficked in providing sexual services that can be ordered online. This of course creates unrest among the wider community. There are so many cases of human trafficking in cyberspace that occur and of course many of these cases have not been revealed because apart from the performance of law enforcement officers, it is also due to the inadequate legal regulations and criminal sanctions in dealing with human trafficking cases in cyberspace. cyberspace. The provisions in Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions and Law Number 21 of 2007 concerning the Eradication of the Criminal Act of Human Trafficking do not regulate in detail all aspects regarding sanctions, elements and other matters regarding human trafficking. in cyberspace, both from Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions and Law Number 21 of 2007 concerning the Eradication of the Crime of Human Trafficking and it is felt necessary to revise or further refine existing regulations so that later criminal sanctions can be imposed. These regulations can be used as a countermeasure. In this research, researchers try to examine the case of Decision Number 841/Pid.Sus/2019/PN Mdn and Decision Number: 180/Pid.Sus/2016/PN Psp, Decision Number 841 / Pid.Sus / 2019 / PN Mdn and in the research This time, researchers tried to examine the case of Decision Number 841/Pid.Sus/2019/PN Mdn and Decision Number: 180/Pid.Sus/2016/PN Psp, Decision Number 841 / Pid.Sus / 2019 / PN Mdn with the defendant named Mujiono alias Edak is an entrepreneur whose address is Hamlet III, Liberia Village, Kec. Mengkudu Bay District. Serdang Bedagai. The public prosecutor has submitted the defendant to trial on the charge of declaring that the defendant MUJIONO als EDAK has been legally and convincingly proven to have committed a criminal act ", who carried out recruitment, for the purpose of exploiting said person in the territory of the Republic of Indonesia" as regulated and punishable by crime in Article 2 of the Law Number 21 of 2007 concerning Eradication of the Crime of Human Trafficking.

PERLINDUNGAN PEKERJA MIGRAN ILEGAL INDONESIA KORBAN PERDAGANGAN ORANG DI MALAYSIA MENURUT PROTOKOL PALERMO TAHUN 2000

Human trafficking has been a crime that has existed for a long time. In the present era, human trafficking in Indonesia involves illegal migrant workers moving to other countries without proper documentation. The Indonesian government has ratified the Palermo Protocol as a commitment to combat human trafficking. The issues addressed in this research are the obligations of Indonesia as a signatory to the Palermo Protocol of 2000 and the efforts made by the Indonesian government to prevent and protect Indonesian migrant workers who become victims of human trafficking in Malaysia. This study is a normative research using secondary data. The data is analyzed qualitatively and concluded using deductive methods. Based on the research findings and analysis, it is evident that Indonesia's obligations as a signatory to the Palermo Protocol of 2000 include taking legislative. The Indonesian government protects Indonesian migrant workers who are victims of human trafficking by keeping the victims' identities confidential, providing restitution to the victims, rehabilitating them, offering legal assistance, ensuring social reintegration, and assisting in the repatriation of victims. The conclusion is Indonesia has fulfilled the obligations ordered the 2000 Palermo Protocol by making a number of efforts to prevent and protect illegal Indonesian migrant workers.

Government Efforts in Overcoming the Crime of Trafficking in People Behind Rohingya Refugees

The crime of human trafficking is no longer an unfamiliar event to be discussed. This crime is international in scale and very difficult to detect. Even though they have to be willing to pay a high price, they often use human smuggling methods because formal ways to enter other countries are not possible. The act of human smuggling is a criminal offense in the Smuggling Protocol in which countries visited by Rohingya refugees such as Thailand, Bangladesh, and even Indonesia have become party countries. As a result, the Thai and Bangladeshi governments often arrest Rohingya refugees who enter their countries and even expel them to return to Myanmar. In fact, as asylum seekers who are threatened with persecution, the Rohingya are protected by human rights law, especially the principle of non-refoulement. This research discusses obstacles to resolution in handling the crime of human trafficking and government policies regarding Rohingya refugees who are victims of the crime of human trafficking. The conclusion of this research is that although the Smuggling Protocol is able to provide a balance between law enforcement of human protection crimes and protection of asylum seekers, in the end it all depends on government policy in tackling criminal acts of human trafficking in Indonesia.

Social Reintegration of Victims of Human Trafficking in Indonesia

Victims of trafficking in persons are understood as Victims of crime are persons who have suffered personal or collective harm, including physical or mental injury, mental suffering, financial loss, or substantial damage to their basic rights, as a result of acts or omissions that violate applicable criminal laws and laws. That prevents criminal abuse of power. Victims of human rights crimes, namely the right to obtain restitution, medical rehabilitation, social rehabilitation, social reintegration, and refoulment. This study uses normative legal research methods with a research approach, namely the statutory approach and the legal concept analysis approach. As well as the data analysis technique used is a qualitative descriptive analysis technique. the result of the social reintegration of victims of trafficking in persons as a process of reuniting victims with their families or communities includes physical, psychological and rehabilitation protection and ensures that the reintegration process of applicable social norms can be understood by victims who wish to return to their hometowns. In the Indonesian context, especially the Social Service in Malang, victims must also ensure that they have identity cards, family cards, and other supporting data as tools for identification and a complete assessment of human trafficking victims. However, considering that human trafficking victims are vulnerable, especially in population data and administration, other identification options are needed to make integrating human trafficking victims easier.
 Keywords: Social Reintegration; Victims; Human Trafficking; Indonesia.

Marketing Channel Strategies of Drug Trafficking Rats in Indonesia

The dark market distribution channels for drug trafficking have become a chronic problem and a promising market in Indonesia. This circulation has reached remote villages and hamlets, regardless of individuals' identities or social statuses, making them potential quick recipients of narcotics. The National Narcotics Agency (BNN) states that preventing its distribution is more challenging than dealing with the culprits who use drugs. This research utilizes a systemic investigation method designed to understand the strategies of the dark market distribution channels for drug trafficking in Indonesia, employing a qualitative approach. For the current study, the researcher will commence the investigation in the Sumenep Regency, focusing on the location of the Sumenep Regency Penitentiary (LAPAS). The informants interviewed for the required data include detainees with drug abuse cases, former drug users and traffickers, the narcotics unit of the Sumenep Police Resort (Polres), the BNN of Sumenep Regency, and other informants believed to have knowledge about the dark market distribution channels for drugs in Indonesia. From the conducted research, it can be explained that the distribution of drug marketing does not use existing e-commerce platforms but relies on direct marketing to consumers or patients. Meanwhile, the marketing distribution extends through Surabaya, Bangkalan, Sampang, Pamekasan, and even from Kalimantan and Malaysia. As for the island regions of Banyuwangi and Bali, the distribution is also part of the marketing channels.

Regulation of Sanctions and Supporting Measures for the Enforcement of Laws against Human Trafficking in Indonesia

Law Number 21 of 2007 concerning the Criminal Act of Human Trafficking has been enacted in Indonesia. Nevertheless, the government of this country cannot independently eradicate human trafficking and requires collaboration with other countries, given the organized nature of this criminal act, where one country may function as the sender, and another as the recipient. This paper employs a normative juridical method that prioritizes literature review, emphasizing legal regulations and literature pertaining to the crime of human trafficking. The occurrence of human trafficking is not solely attributed to the weakness in law enforcement but is also influenced by factors such as poverty, patriarchal culture, and economic incentives. Law enforcement in Indonesia cannot operate independently but requires cooperation with other countries, considering Indonesia's geographically strategic position as both a transit hub and a source of human trafficking. This collaboration is crucial in the processes of apprehension, extradition, and prosecution of individuals involved in human trafficking, making a significant contribution to the efforts to eradicate this crime.

The Role of the Embun Pelangi Batam Foundation in Assistance to Victims of the Crime of Human Trafficking (TTPO)

This research analyzes the role of Yayasan Embun Pelangi in assisting victims of trafficking in persons (TTPO) as a response to the serious issue of human exploitation and trafficking in Indonesia. TTPO practices include human rights violations, including physical, sexual, and economic violence. The foundation provides assistance and protection through a mentoring program, aimed at the physical and emotional recovery of victims, as well as social reintegration. Holistic support includes counseling, psychological recovery, skills training, and legal awdvocacy. This research adopts a qualitative method with a literature review and semi-structured interviews, as well as Robert King Merton's theory of anomy, which describes the gap between social goals and the legitimate means of achieving them. This is influenced by social limitations that encourage individuals to achieve goals without legal channels.

The Early Warning System in Preventing Human Trafficking: Border (In) Security and Challenges for Indonesia

This article aims to find out how the early warning system is constructed in detecting human trafficking. This research discusses human trafficking in Indonesia, where most of the victims were trafficked to neighboring countries in the border area. One of the unsolved problem exist today is human trafficking in frontier areas; hence, there are three major factors causing the number of human trafficking in Indonesia is in high level according to data from the International Organization for Migration. This article is using empirical legal research method. The results show that the construction of an early warning system can be formed by studying the methods or modes used by the perpetrators in committing the crime of human trafficking. However, for this concept to succeed, good synchronization is needed between filters that include potential victims, agencies or institutions that can represent administrative functions, and officers at border area guard posts.

Criminal Responsibility for Human Traffickers

Human trafficking is a criminal practice that is quite widespread in Indonesia and threatens the lives of society. This research aims to discuss the law in Indonesia regarding human trafficking and discuss criminal responsibility for perpetrators of human trafficking in Indonesia. The research method used is normative juridical research, with data collection techniques from literature studies which refer to literature, law books, scientific works, and scientific articles that are sourced from secondary data. The results found that legal regulations regarding human trafficking certainly refer to Law Number 21 of 2007 concerning the Eradication of the Criminal Act of Human Trafficking. Then, criminal responsibility links the basis for imposing criminal sanctions with the burden of responsibility that burdens people who commit criminal acts. Law Number 21 of 2007 concerning the Eradication of the Crime of Human Trafficking contains criminal penalties for those who commit acts of human trafficking. As well as the maximum and minimum for imposing criminal sanctions on those involved in human trafficking under Law Number 21 of 2007.

Corporate Accountability for the Illegal Crimes of Human Trafficking in Indonesia

The progress of human trafficking crime in Indonesia, since the beginning of Indonesia has categorized human trafficking asa form of criminal action under article 297 of the criminal code. However, since human trafficking is an organized transnational crime, it is necessary to bring about a renewed commitment to fight and eradicate, the 2007 act of no. 21 was enacted on the elimination of criminal trafficking. So based on the background it has been raised to a corporation's responsibility for the criminal trafficking of human trafficking in Indonesia. The type of research used is normative legal research. Normative legal research is a process to find a rule of law, legal principles, and legal doctrines in order to answer the legal issues faced. In determining corporate accountability for the crimes of the people's trade, the result of the accountability of the common acetypical criminal (subjective terms) such as the presence of responsible assets, the absence of errors of both arson and negligence, the absence of those that constitute the reason for the removal of the criminal. Certainly in determining how the accountability of the corporation is adjusted according to the theory of criminal trafficking of human trafficking it would be appropriate to use the theory vicarious liabillity for holding corporate accountability in the criminal crime of human trafficking.

Optimization of Website and Mobile Based Applications Drug Counseling Media to Support the Anti-Drug Movement in Indonesia

The massive drug trafficking in Indonesia has threatened the resilience of society, especially the younger generation. Indeed, the government through the National Narcotics Agency has intensified various efforts to educate the community to raise awareness about the dangers of drugs in line with the increasing number of drug trafficking among the younger generation. The implementation of anti-drug counseling activities faces some obstacles such as the limited counseling personnel, time, and cost. Supporting the anti-drug movement becomes the obligation of all parties, especially academics to optimize the counseling website media in cooperation with related NGOs and to provide training on the use of the website as a personal counseling media that can be used anywhere and anytime.

Development of a Restitution Model in Optimizing Legal Protection for Victims of Human Trafficking in Indonesia

This study aims to develop a model for the effective implementation of restitution criminal sanctions against individuals involved in trafficking in persons. The findings of this research hold strategic significance in terms of providing legal protection to victims and enhancing the concept of restitution. The study focuses on evaluating the effectiveness of imposing restitution sanctions on traffickers through judicial decisions in Indonesia. By employing a sociological juridical approach, this research examines legal norms and court rulings pertaining to prosecutors' charges against individuals involved in trafficking crimes. The analysis of these judicial decisions reveals that out of the cases reviewed, only seven included restitution sanctions, and none of the perpetrators fulfilled their restitution obligations. Instead, the offenders prioritized serving prison sentences over compensating the victims. Consequently, it is essential for prosecutors to prioritize the prosecution of perpetrators under the Law on the Eradication of Criminal Acts of Individuals. Furthermore, judges should consider utilizing the Law on the Eradication of Non-Criminal Persons and emphasizing imprisonment as an alternative to restitution.