Traditional Teachings Research Articles

Therapeutic Dilemmas: Solving Sexual Difficulties in the Context of Religion

Working with religious issues in therapy is essential for those clients whose belief system is the basis for their difficulty. The foundation of sexual health is frequently hindered by the attitude of traditional religious understanding and teachings about sexuality. Religious beliefs often contribute to the formation of sexual difficulties, and can also interfere with the progress of therapy. Religious belief systems can broadly be categorized as fixed, or absolute, and process, or evolving. Each has a set of core values that influence conscience and behavior. Formation of conscience becomes difficult without guidelines for decision-making. The areas of scripture, tradition, reason, and experience are explored to gain a sense of where the authority for teaching and decision-making lies. Clinical examples illustrate the importance of understanding the role of religion-induced anxiety in interfering with the sexual response cycle and contributing to sexual dysfunction in both men and women. Homosexuality i...

Elder respect: exploration of ideals and forms in East Asia

As a step toward a systematic study of the undervalued subject of elder respect, this study explores the forms of elder respect practiced by East Asians and distinguishes a comprehensive set of 14 forms of elder respect ranging from care respect to ancestor respect. Traditional Confucian teachings associated with respect for parents and elders were reviewed, forms of elder respect practiced by Asians are explored based on findings from recent studies conducted in Asia, and the meanings of the forms are summarized. Changing expressions of elder respect and its continuing influence are discussed.

Nausea and vomiting during pregnancy: A prospective study of its frequency, intensity, and patterns of change

Objective: Our purpose was to provide a detailed description of patterns of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy. Study Design: A prospective study was performed with 160 women who provided daily recordings of frequency, duration, and severity of nausea and vomiting. Results: Seventy-four percent of women reported nausea lasting a mean of 34.6 days. “Morning sickness” occurred in only 1.8% of women, whereas 80% reported nausea lasting all day. Only 50% of women were relieved by 14 weeks’ gestation; 90% had relief by week 22. Data based on the McGill Nausea Questionnaire indicate that the nausea experienced by pregnant women is similar in character and intensity to the nausea experienced by patients undergoing cancer chemotherapy. Conclusions: Traditional teachings about nausea and vomiting of pregnancy are contradicted by our findings. Standardized tools for measuring the distribution, duration, and intensity of nausea are applicable to the study of nausea and vomiting of pregnancy and could be used in clinical trials to assess palliative measures. (Am J Obstet Gynecol 2000;182:931-7.)

Capacity-Building Partnerships Between Indigenous Youth and Elders

Various strategies are discussed for creating intergenerational research opportunities that support the rights of indigenous children and youth. These strategies were developed during an international workshop that brought together indigenous elders and youth from 20 nations to discuss a global intergenerational action plan. Specific workshop goals were to (a) explore traditional values and teachings that nurture children, and (b) identify ways in which the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child might support indigenous peoples in developing research and training initiatives for strengthening the rights of indigenous children. The workshop applied traditional methods of mediation and dispute management to discussions of key child-rights issues relevant to indigenous children. The plan of action developed in the workshop included specific strategies for community and national level research based on information provided by Indigenous elders, children, and youth. Issues appropriate for study by inter-generational researchers include those related to discrimination, health, child protection, and increased participation of children and youth in cultural traditions.

The treatment of head injury during the Renaissance.

During the Renaissance, a new spirit of rational inquiry, combined with renewed understanding of ancient Greek and Roman philosophy, encouraged many new developments in medicine and surgery. Traditional teachings, often...

From Lineage to Sexual Mores: Examining “Jewish Eugenics“

The ArgumentTo describe the attitude of the Jewish tradition toward eugenic ideology and policies, it is necessary to examine classical sources from a contemporary perspective. In the heyday of eugenics, Rabbi Max Reichler (1916) enthusiastically endorsed its ideology, supporting his position with numerous traditional texts. Similar views of traditional teachings on “chosen people” and on the importance of lineage have a certain contemporary following as well. The paper argues, however, that these views involve a one-sided reading of the Jewish tradition and, particularly, the suppression of traditional critiques of lineage and of the notion of a “Jewish race.”

Sexual Orientation and the Willingness of Catholic Seminary Students to Conform to Church Teachings

The willingness of seminarians to subjugate their personal views to church teachings is a key component of church renewal and change. The complex web of causes and effects surrounding seminarians' willingness to subjugate themselves to church teachings renders bivariate investigations incapable of determining the strengths of the numerous possible causal connections. We disentangle these effects by testing a structural equation model based on data from 203 Catholic seminarians about their sexual orientation, their willingness to subjugate themselves to the church, and their acceptance of traditional teachings. The model fits the data well and provides the surprising conclusion that only a few of the postulated effects are operative. Sexual orientation has no appreciable impact on willingness to subjugate oneself to church teachings, and no impact on whether the seminarians support a reform role for the church. The more the seminarians view their faith as mystical, and the more strongly they agree that Jesus Christ is God humbled, the more they are prompted to subjugate their personal views to church teachings. Having ever loved someone makes seminarians less willing to subjugate themselves, and progression through seminary training reduces seminarians' willingness to subjugate themselves.

Roman Catholic Tradition and Ritual and Business Ethics: A Feminist Perspective

Abstract:Clerical workers are an important segment of the work force. Catholic social teachings and eucharistic practice shed useful moral light on the increase in contingent work arrangements among clerical workers. The venerable concept of “the universal destination of the goods of creation” and a newer understanding of technology as “a shared workbench” illuminate the importance of good jobs for clerical workers. However, in order to apply Catholic social teachings to issues concerning clerical work as women’s work, sexist elements in traditional Catholic social teachings must be critically assessed. Participation in the Eucharist helps share a moral stance of inclusivity and sensitivity to forms of social marginalization. While actual practice fails fully to embody gender or racial inclusivity, participation in the inclusive table fellowship of the Eucharist should make business leaders question treating contingent workers as a peripheral work force.

Is “Buddha-Nature” Buddhist?

AbstractRecent controversies in Japanese Buddhist scholarship have focused upon the Mahāyāna notion of a “Buddha nature” within all sentient beings and whether or not the concept is compatible with traditional Buddhist teachings such as anātman (no-abiding-self). This controversy is not only relevant to Far Eastern Buddhism, for which the notion of a Buddha-nature is a central doctrinal theme, but also for the roots of this tradition in those Indian Mahāyāna sūtras which utilised the notion of tathāgatagarbha (Buddha-embryo or Buddha womb). One of the earliest Buddhist texts to discuss this notion is the Queen Śrīmālā Sūtra (Śrīmālādevīsūtra), which appears to display a transitional and revisionist attitude towards traditional Mahāyāna doctrines such as emptiness (śūnyatā) and no-abiding-self (anātman). These and related issues are examined as they occur in the Śrīmālā Sūtra and as they might relate to the issue of the place of Buddha-nature thought within the Buddhist tradition. Finally some concluding remarks are made about the quest for “true” Buddhism.

Surgery for paraclinoidal carotid artery aneurysms.

Aneurysms arising from the proximal carotid artery between the roof of the cavernous sinus and the origin of the posterior communicating artery pose conceptual and technical surgical problems with regard to acquisition of proximal control and safe intracranial exposure. Over the past 3 1/2 years, 89 patients with paraclinoidal aneurysms have been treated at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center. Thirty-nine (44%) of these patients presented with subarachnoid hemorrhage. A total of 149 aneurysms and six arteriovenous malformations have been identified in this patient group such that 38 (43%) of the patients suffered multiple vascular anomalies. Temporary artery occlusion has been employed during operation in 48 cases (54%), permanent carotid artery occlusion in four (4%), and hypothermic circulatory arrest in two (2%). Twenty-two patients harbored giant aneurysms, seven of which had ruptured. Outcome was considered good in 77 patients (86.5%), fair in eight (9%), and poor in three (3%); one patient died. This concentrated experience permitted a practical anatomical grouping of aneurysms into three types: carotid-ophthalmic artery aneurysms with a superior or superomedial projection (44 cases); superior hypophyseal aneurysms with a medial or inferomedial projection (26 cases); and proximal posterior carotid artery wall aneurysms projecting posteriorly or posterolaterally (19 cases). Despite the fact that paraclinoidal aneurysms often disobey the traditional teachings of aneurysm development, having no vessel of origin or clear hemodynamic cause, this practical grouping has allowed individualized and focused operative approaches unique to each aneurysm projection with good visual function and outcome in most patients.

The Beautiful and the Dangerous: Encounters with the Zuni Indians

Based on over twenty years' research at Zuni Pueblo in New Mexico, this honest and respectful book takes us into the heart of one Zuni family and allows us to witness the world through its members' eyes. We see the joys of love, marriage, and childbirth and the tragedies of illness, alcoholism, and death. We rediscover the South-western landscape, its plants and wildlife, in light of traditional Zuni teachings. 'The Beautiful and the Dangerous' was originally published in 1992.

Autonomy and Democracy in an Autocratic Organization: The Case of the Roman Catholic Church

This article examines data from surveys, historical records, position papers, minutes of group meetings, and other sources to shed light on the ways the laity of the Roman Catholic church in the United States are bringing about change, often in spite of the hierarchy and Vatican bureaucracy. A range of traditional teachings and policies focusing on sexuality, marriage, the priesthood, the locus of authority, and participation in decision making within church organizations, are examined in the light of Gallup surveys carried out nationally in 1987 and 1993. These data plus the qualitative data indicate the existence of a pluralism that pits the magisterium (teaching authority located in the Vatican) and most of the American bishops on one side and a growing majority of laity on the other. This pluralism raises questions about the possibilities for organizational change within the Church in America.

Centesimus Annus: A critical Jewish perspective

The author reviews a series of deep affinities between the Catholic social teaching embodied in Pope John Paul II's recent encyclical,Centesimus Annus, and traditional Jewish teachings about economic justice. At the same time, the author maintains that from a Jewish perspective there is a “disquieting” feature to this recent papal letter. It presents twentieth century history in ways that mute or conceal the role some earlier papal teaching played in the rise of corporatist states, with their authoritarian regimes and xenophobic nationalism.Centesimus annus thus obscures the complex contribution Catholic social teaching made to the events leading up to the Holocaust of European Jewry.

"In the Name of God and Profit": Jan van Eyck's Arnolfini Portrait

Research Article| October 01 1993 "In the Name of God and Profit": Jan van Eyck's Arnolfini Portrait Margaret D. Carroll Margaret D. Carroll Search for other works by this author on: This Site PubMed Google Scholar Representations (1993) 44: 96–132. https://doi.org/10.2307/2928641 Views Icon Views Article contents Figures & tables Video Audio Supplementary Data Peer Review Share Icon Share Twitter LinkedIn Tools Icon Tools Get Permissions Cite Icon Cite Search Site Citation Margaret D. Carroll; "In the Name of God and Profit": Jan van Eyck's Arnolfini Portrait. Representations 1 October 1993; 44 96–132. doi: https://doi.org/10.2307/2928641 Download citation file: Ris (Zotero) Reference Manager EasyBib Bookends Mendeley Papers EndNote RefWorks BibTex toolbar search Search Dropdown Menu toolbar search search input Search input auto suggest filter your search All ContentRepresentations Search This content is only available via PDF. Copyright 1993 The Regents of the University of California Article PDF first page preview Close Modal You do not currently have access to this content.

Taboo topics in addiction treatment: An empirical review of clinical folklore

This article reviews 11 taboo topics, that is, research findings that question traditional assumptions and teachings of addiction treatment. These topics include: (1) the lack of empirical support for the Minnesota Model; (2) question about the necessity of Alcoholics Anonymous for maintaining abstinence; (3) the existence of spontaneous remission; (4) the detrimental aspects of labeling; (5) the value of addicted individuals' self-reports; (6) the lack of empirical support for the addictive personality concept; (7) cue exposure as an underutilized intervention; (8) the interactional nature of motivation; (9) the value of smoking cessation in early recovery; (10) the overuse of the addiction concept; and (11) the lack of empirical support for the disease concept of codependency. Misconceptions arise due to the lack of communication between disciplines and the experiential bias of current addiction treatment modalities. Emphasis is placed on the importance of empiricism in order to advance the addiction field beyond faith and supposition.

Recovering Native Identity: Developing Readers' Advisory Services for Non‐Reservation Native Americans

Native peoples living within their cultures find themselves the focus of increased attention and are renewing their own ties in a cultural renaissance. Non‐Natives are becoming more intrigued with both scholarly and popular interpretations of some aspects of Native cultures. Those Native Americans living outside the culture are trying, in varying degrees, to recover old ways, thus attempting to reverse generations of assimilation. It is with the latter group that this article is concerned: the non affiliated Native Americans who are intellectually and/or spiritually as well as physically removed from traditional teachings. What kinds of assistance can libraries provide to Native Americans wishing to reclaim their cultural legacy?

Firmness and Accommodation: Impression Management in Institutional Roman Catholicism

This article examines institutional Roman Catholicism, particularly in the United States, as a complex organization seeking to maintain survival and relevance among constituents while preserving hierarchical power and traditional teachings. The limited change and accommodation to the modern world initiated at Vatican II, yet curtailed in recent years, serves to inoculate the organization from further and more drastic changes in Church structure ard teaching. The Church's response to issues of sexual morality on the official and local pastoral levels provides an example in which the organization attempts to manage impressions among the faithful and to forestall further institutional accmmodations to internal and external social forces. Through official pronouncements from Rome and bishops' conferences, as well as pastoral ministry on the local level, the institutional Church seeks to maintain organizational stability. First, Church leaders maintain a firm hold on organizational power and the production of Church teaching, particularly in the area of moral theology, while allowing controlled and limited participation in decision making by lower level clergy and laity on the local level. Second, while moral pronouncements are legitimated with values mandated by the Church's charter, that is, its official values and goals (Dingwall and Strong, 1985),1 they also are framed in language that suggests that the Church is to the modern world and to the perspectives advanced by the natural and social sciences. The Roman Catholic Church, like other institutional religious organizations, may be described as an open system (Benson and Dorsett, 1971; Scherer, 1980), in that it is an organization constantly responding to changes within its host environment. Yet, as Seidler (1986) maintains, organizational change within the Church occurs as contested accommodation. He states that the Church has attempted rapprochement with the wider culture, but also seeks to maintain social distance. While social forces pressure the Church to change, other forces within the Church resist accommodating to the host environment (see also Harris, 1969). It is conflict, Seidler argues, that initiates reform and

296 Latency After Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes: Do Traditional Teachings Apply?

296 Latency After Preterm Premature Rupture of Membranes: Do Traditional Teachings Apply?

Ecology and Religion: Christian and Hindu Paradigms

Neither Hinduism nor Christianity had or have 'ecology' as their central focus. A contemporary Hindu or Christian ecology can be developed by rethinking and restructuring traditional teachings, amplifying seminal statements and linking these up with the dominating concern of the late 20th century, to 'save the earth'. In the context of a 'science and religion' seminar some years back one of my colleagues from the life sciences remarked: 'What we need today is an ecological messiah'. The task before us is that of the one preparing the way for such an ecological messiah, pulling together strands of Hindu and Christian traditional symbolism and doctrine conducive to a religious ecology.

Buddhist Responses to Violence and War

In this article, Buddhist resources for a socially engaged spirituality are identified by outlining classical and contemporary Buddhist responses to violence and war. The basic teachings of the Buddha on violence and killing as well as transformative practices designed to eliminate the roots of violence are examined, considering also some historical Buddhist departures from nonviolence. Contemporary "engaged" Buddhism and its expansion of traditional teachings and practices to apply to contemporary social settings are discussed. The article closes with a discussion of some concerns and problems related to this latter approach.Violence never ceases through hatred. It is only through love that it ceases. This is an ancient law.-Gautama Buddha, in the Dhammapada