Traditional Settlement Patterns Research Articles

The Cultural Codes of Home in Indian Cinema

The housing typology introduced by architects in India after independence departed dramatically from traditional settlement patterns. This break, as in Chandigarh, was an attempt to forge a new future. Concurrently, Indian cinema too set out to emphasize domesticity, yet one that alluded to real and imagined traditions. There were distinct differences, and between the two, it is cinema which ended up furnishing a more acceptable cultural and aesthetic model. Even today, cinema’s home contrasts sharply with the placeless geography of an actual house. This paper traces cinema’s typology of home in post-independence India.

(Re)imagining Ndau indigenous religion of Zimbabwe in the digital age

ABSTRACT The twenty-first century has been characterized by various digital communication technologies that are a major agent of globalization. Today Africans find themselves in new geo-cultural contexts within their countries and in the diaspora through migration triggered by many factors. These geographical dislocations disrupt the traditional clan settlement patterns and in turn challenge indigenous media of communication in indigenous African societies. Digitalization becomes a lifestyle in this globalizing world. African Indigenous Religions (AIRs) practitioners are embracing digital communication facilities. However, there are fears within some sections of African indigenous communities whether African Indigenous Religions could utilize the emergent communication technologies and remain unscathed. These sections hold the view that digital communication technologies are incompatible with the African indigenous worldview. There has been scanty literature on AIRs in general and Ndau religio-culture in particular to respond to these fears. Mindful of the variations that characterize AIRs, this article uses Ndau religio-culture of Zimbabwe to contend that AIRs are dynamic and have long been digital. In this regard, digitalization is neither new nor opposed to African indigenous religions. Rather, it is the amplification of the old as it fuses with the new. This empirical article employs the theological ethnography design to access the meaning embedded in the indigenous Ndau’s interaction with the digital communication services. Afro-centricity provides the lens to glean phenomena from the standpoint of the Ndau as key players in their life-worlds. The research findings were that the Ndau have a penchant for innovation and creativity in ways of thinking and doing things in order to survive in new circumstances. The article concludes that the Ndau religio-culture is an enduring heritage that has responded to the digital communication revolution by finding ways of reimagining and revitalizing its communication repertoire to be compliant with the dictates of the digital era.

Environmental adaptation of traditional Chinese settlement patterns and its landscape gene mapping

Traditional Chinese villages are a successful example of active adaptation and effective use and protection of the environment. Traditional Chinese settlement landscapes form under the influence of geographical environments and environment-friendly ideas and have specific regional identities. Core factors of these residential areas can be considered cultural landscape genes. Based on this, this paper used gene analysis to identify traditional Chinese habitat patterns and decipher their environmental significance and cultural connotations. The results show that: Living patterns can be divided into six categories: ‘north-sitting or south-facing’, ‘Yin and Yang harmony’, ‘mountain-backed or water-facing’, ‘square-surrounded’, ‘psychological induction’, and ‘site-specific’ modes. These patterns correspond to the laws of orientation: Yin and Yang, mountain and water, security, auspiciousness, and synthesis, respectively. In their process of formation and development, traditional Chinese living patterns were deeply influenced by the traditional Chinese philosophical ideas of ‘Yin and Yang’, ‘the living earth’, ‘unity of heaven and human’, and ‘harmony between human and earth’. This study utilised the logical framework of gene identification, decoding, and expression to examine the characteristics and values of residential landscapes in traditional Chinese settlement patterns, and extracted the genome map of settlement pattern from a cross-regional perspective. This study has important implications for the construction of green habitats.

Island Colonization and Human-Environment Interactions on the Edges of the Tropics: Archaeology of the Taíno Frontier (Northern Bahamas)

ABSTRACT Variability across frontiers and boundaries challenges the resilience of expanding populations. Here, we contribute to a broader understanding of global patterns of island colonization and expose the diversity of lifeways experienced across the Taíno culture area by exploring Lucayan settlement of the small subtropical islands of the northern Bahama archipelago. The results of this first comprehensive investigation document the rapid expansion and early arrival of humans in the northern zone (ca. a.d. 900); deviations from traditional settlement patterns and dietary practices, which reflect responses to the unique local environment, including the association of humans with extirpated/extinct animals; sources for pottery imported from the Greater Antillean Taínos; and, a previously unrecognized local pottery variety attributable to the quality of local clay sources. The frontier provides a new perspective on the Taíno core area and raises additional questions concerning life along a historically progressing frontier. Video : https://vimeo.com/363737943

Territorial exchange between Poland and the USSR in 1951: demographic development and settlement network transformation over a 70-year period

In this article, we present a comparative analysis of the demographic development and changes in the settlement network over the last 70 years in the territories exchanged in 1951 between the USSR and Poland. We found that, within the territory ceded to the USSR, the traditional settlement pattern was restored and the settlement network was renewed up to 90%. Industrialization in the area resulted in the population growth reaching, at maximum, 40% greater numbers than in 1939. The territory ceded to Poland featured a “colonizational” pattern of resettlement and the population size remained much smaller as compared to 1951, directly before the exchange. However, in Poland, local people faced no obstacles to returning to the area. Conversely, the USSR deported most of the local inhabitants to distant parts of Ukraine and prevented people from the neighbouring locations from entering the area. Overall, based on the resettlement policy comparison we argue that, on the part of the USSR, an important rationale behind the exchange was to strengthen totalitarian control over the western regions of Ukraine by means of deportation and population dispersion

Settlement Pattern Morphology of Ampera Village

Kampung Ampera is one of the traditional settlements in the modern era and still maintains its customs. The Malay ethnicity is a characteristic of the people of Kampung Ampera. A settlement formed for the royal, colonial and modern eras. This settlement pattern is interesting to study because its living is part of historical growth and a form of settlement pattern that continues to grow and develop all this time. Not only that, the existence of a settlement pattern that persists with the traditional settlement pattern is the identity of the Malay community's settlement pattern. The formulation of the problem studied is the morphology of settlement patterns in the three periods and the factors that influence changes in their development. This research aims to identify the morphology of settlement patterns and the factors that affect them. This research is a qualitative descriptive study with an explanatory approach, showing the perspective of looking for an explanation of how this phenomenon can occur based on facts. The analysis technique used in settlement morphology is mapping settlement patterns in the royal (1750-1860), colonial (1860-1870), and modern (1900-present) periods. The morphological study of the settlements of Kampung Ampera includes, namely: land use, building typology, road network (linkage), and plot pattern (district). The study found that the morphology pattern spread linearly following the original river network to become a road network, the effect factor in the settlement was the view through the ecistic element factors.

LOCAL WISDOM OF KINSHIP SYSTEM IN REMOTE AND ISOLATED COMMUNITIES ACCORDING TO CUSTOMARY LAW ON ENGGANO ISLAND

The purpose of the study is to explain and describe the local wisdom of the kinship system in remote and isolated communities according to customary law on enggano island. Research methods using qualitative approaches and legal anthropology. Data collection techniques are observation, in-depth interviews and secondary data collection. The determination of informants is carried out purposively, that is, key informants are determined by the researchers themselves based on considerations of adequate education, position, and experience. Data analysis is qualitative, which is carried out continuously from the beginning to the end of the study. The results of the study were: (1) tribal groups and tribal branches; (2) traditional settlement patterns; and (3) traditional leadership systems.

The Social and Economic Impact of Hadrian's Wall on the Frontier Zone in Britain

ABSTRACTRecent research projects, publications, and above all the results of developer-funded archaeology provide materials for a re-assessment of the impact of Hadrian's Wall on the indigenous peoples whose lands it transected. Previous analysis has been concerned with the greater or lesser degree of ‘Romanisation’ of an Iron Age society perceived as little changed under Roman rule, with the Wall seen as a bureaucratic border running through an homogeneous frontier zone, as described by C.R. Whittaker. Although the local settlement pattern survived the original Flavian conquest of the region intact, it is now apparent that the building of the Wall under Hadrian had profound and far from benign consequences for local people. To the north of the barrier the traditional settlement pattern was largely abandoned and new social authorities emerged, while to the south there is evidence for new economic structures imposed from outside and the settlement of immigrants. The paper considers the extent to which these developments were the outcome of conscious policies by the Roman authorities.

Opportunities and challenges of housing traditional Bali as supporting elements of tourism Village in the traditional Village of Pengotan, Bangli

<p>Traditional settlement patterns are often represented as places that still hold traditional and cultural values in everyday life that are related to beliefs or religions that are special or unique in a particular community rooted in a place outside of historical determination that supports tourist villages. . This research was conducted in Pengotan Village, which has a unique cultural dedication tourism village with traditional Balinese architectural settlements, culture and customs in Pengotan Traditional Village, Bangli. Pengotan Village is a Bali Aga village, one of which still maintains traditional mountain village values using the Tri Angga (Hulu-teben) settlement concept. This study uses a qualitative method with a case study approach. The purpose of this study is to analyze the opportunities for the development of Traditional Village Customary settlements which are supporting elements of a Traditional Village into a Tourism Village, as well as the challenges that occur in a Traditional Village after its development into a Tourism Village.</p>

Traditional Settlement Patterns on The Parapat Girsang Sipangan Bolon District

Settlement is one of the important elements including basic needs. Humans live their lives in the chosen area. Cultural and historical factors are factors that can form a settlement. Parapat is a village in the Girsang Sipangan Bolon sub-district, Simalungun Regency, North Sumatra. This village is one of the accesses to Lake Toba which is about 48 km from Pematangsiantar City. Parapat is one of the important stopover points of Jalan Raya Lintas Sumatera and has a lot of potentials, including the traditional ones in it. This research was conducted using qualitative methods through aerial map analysis to identify settlement patterns formed in Parapat. Through this research, it will be known the pattern formed in the Parapat sub-district in the context of geographical conditions as well as local social and cultural conditions

Environmental Influences on the Settlements Patterns of Communities in the Marshes of Iraq

In the field of residential community planning, one of the appropriate places to study the mutual influences between man and the environment, away from the influences, concepts and mechanisms of contemporary planning theories are isolated environments in rural areas, and the marshlands in Iraq represent one of these models. These areas still retain the planning patterns of residential communities for thousands of years. This research attempts to conduct a descriptive study of traditional settlement patterns, which relied on the capabilities of the surrounding areas to provide planning and architectural solutions based on the environmental factor. Establishing such a clear framework for these impacts can help in any future interventions or development processes in the region and ensure that any random or irregular interventions that may have occurred previously are not repeated. Which will preserve the components and sustainability of this ecosystem and maintain the harmony and integration between the elements of the architectural environment and the natural elements.

Study of indigenous village settings in Bali

Traditional villages in Bali are traditional villages that are unique, especially in their settlement patterns which are integrated with local culture. Currently these settlements still exist and are well maintained. The research objective of the study of settlement patterns in traditional villages in Bali is to determine the settlement patterns of traditional villages in Bali, namely Panglipuran village, Tengahan village and Trunyan village as well as the effort factors that affect the sustainability of settlement patterns in Bali. The research method used is descriptive qualitative method by observing and studying literature. From the results of the study, it can be seen that the formation of the settlement patterns of the three traditional villages are (1) based on the history of settlement formation, (2) regional cosmology, (3) characteristics of house shapes and (4) kinship systems as well as several factors that affect the sustainability of traditional village settlement patterns. in Bali.

Red Chalk Palimpsest: The Logic of Somba Landscape

This article presents the results of a study on the traditional settlement patterns of the Somba people, living in the department of Atacora, north-western Benin. Adopting a methodology based on both a generative approach and André Corboz’s (1983) territory–palimpsest analogy, the study specifically questions the ‘dispersed’ character of the Somba habitat. Built upon two hypotheses, according to which Tatas Somba settle approximately to pre-existing Tatas and near to watercourses, this study seeks to understand the reasons and conditions of this dispersal throughout history. By cross-checking on-site inventory and geographic information system data allowing to analyse the distances between Tatas, archaeological sites and nearby watercourses, and thus revealing the permanent, the persistent, and the disappeared landscape elements, this article aims to prove that the settlement of the Tatas Somba is not determined by geometrical compositions, landmarks, or infrastructures, but rather by a combination of social, agricultural, environmental, and subsistence factors.

Study of house orientation and their placement towards sustainable Islamic residential area

Indonesia is a country which exhibits full of dynamic in its physical development. There are existing kampongs, within the city rapid development growth, preserve with their abundant cultural and traditional potentials. Muslim kampongs are one of the traditional settlements embedded with significant Islamic characteristics. Religious or belief factor is one of the issues that determine occupational typology. In traditional society, this is a dominant aspect that signifies their community identity. In this research, the leading indicators include the nature of law, faith in religion and culture, design principal from Sharia law, and social principal. This study aims to investigate the relationship between traditional settlement patterns with religious influences, especially Islam in Indonesia through house orientation and their placement. This paper adopts a content analysis method to achieve the research objective of “Islamic Housing Typology.” From the content analysis, it is discovered that the orientation and house placement has a significant relationship with the Muslim worldview. The existence of mosques and boarding schools are some of the factors forming the orientation of Muslim residential areas. This study enhances the existing literature on the importance of house orientation and their placement in the Muslim residential area.

Post-disaster recovery through the evolution of the lakou, a traditional settlement pattern

PurposeHistorically, post-disaster reconstruction policies and practice ignore the embedded knowledge of the affected population; the process following the 2010 earthquake in Haiti followed this trend. This paper aims to examine the production of social space in self-settled post-disaster settlements in Leogane and Port-au-Prince, Haiti, the paper demonstrates the role that traditional settlement patterns played in the production of social capital.Design/methodology/approachA multi-sited case study approach was implemented to uncover the patterns of the lakou, which is a primary Haitian, traditional settlement pattern reflecting the familial social structure, present in self-settled post-disaster settlements. The study took place between February and June of 2012, two years after the 2010 earthquake across settlements in Leogane and Port-au-Prince. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 40 inhabitants across the settlements to uncover meanings attached to the creation of space. Together with behavior mapping and participant observations, the interviews were analyzed to validate the reproduction of the lakou.FindingsThis paper demonstrates that endogenous inhabitants create the lakou in post-disaster settlements in Haiti. This case study validates the resilience of the lakou, the inclusive nature of the lakou system, and the important role it plays in the production of social capital within post-disaster communities.Originality/valueThis study demonstrates the importance of traditional settlement patterns in post-disaster community well-being and it demonstrates the need to incorporate traditional settlement patterns into post-disaster planning strategies. Furthermore, the study validates that traditional settlement patterns support the production of social capital within a community.

Local Wisdom in Reducing Greenhouse Effect on Balinese Traditional Settlement Patterns in Bongli Village, Bali, Indonesia

In general, housing and settlement development will have the effect of global warming, with different scale of effects. Warming occurs, not only because of the dominant built area but also due to the use of materials and equipment that can increase the comfort of the inhabitants. In Bongli Village, settlement patterns are arranged in such a way based on traditional procedures, by structuring the building period, as well as the shape of the building. Can traditional settlement and building arrangements reduce the greenhouse effect? The article discusses the patterns of settlements and buildings arranged in a traditional way related to the occurrence of the greenhouse effect such as the construction of housing and settlements at the present time. To achieve this, an understanding of the greenhouse effect from housing construction activities was carried out. To get data on traditional Balinese settlement patterns, field observations were made in Bongli Village to observe settlement patterns and the arrangement of buildings and their effects on global warming. Field observations will be narrated qualitatively in relation to the greenhouse effect. The results of field observations and discussions showed that Balinese Architecture and traditional housing and settlement patterns in the Village of Bongli, the building layout, as well as the building period used local materials, open spaces, so as to reduce energy use. Energy reduction due to functional buildings, so that during the day save electricity. Likewise, natural energy can reduce energy usage which means it can reduce the possibility of a greenhouse effect.

Resilience Capacity Planning: A Strategy Requirement for Vernacular Architecture Existences as a part of Sustainable Development in Lampung

Facing vulnerability of vernacular architecture existences, resilience capacity planning is involved as a strategic requirement for new established ecosystems of human settlement. Resilient capacity planning concept implementation will help local community to reduce impact of climate change and disaster risk, and also increase safety management. The research is intended to measure the resilience of urban system according to sustainable development for historical heritage and resilient approach that has applied in vernacular settlement. Vernacular architecture of Lampung is a suitable example for this research. Lampung is an area that has multi-culture acculturation, which is seen, in the social system of society, cultural patterns, building typologies and traditional settlement patterns. On the other hand, vernacular architecture of Lampung provides outstanding shelter from climate change and disaster risk, meets the requirements of local food security, where the development adjusts the cultural landscape, the potential of food sources and other natural resources. In addition, the development process also uses local technology and construction that adapts the environment and its location to ease the production land. However, there is much vernacular architecture, which have high socio-cultural potential and are not identified by academic researchers. By studying architectural vernacular, we not only repeat the way of life of the past, but also as a first step to create new technologies and designs in the future by learning the knowledge and technology applied in the past especially in Lampung. In this paper, researcher takes lead by conducting a review of important part of the existence of vernacular architecture to conduct resilience capacity planning strategy as a part of sustainable development in Lampung.

Influence of traditional settlement patterns on urban design and planning: A case study of Zaria, Nigeria

Influence of traditional settlement patterns on urban design and planning: A case study of Zaria, Nigeria

PERMUKIMAN TRADISIONAL DI KAWASAN LANSKAP PANTAI DI SENDIKI, DESA TAMBAKREJO KECAMATAN SUMBERMANJING WETAN KABUPATEN MALANG

Traditional settlements are places that still hold customary and cultural values related to beliefs or religion that are specific or unique to a particular society. In each region of Nusantara there are various cultures, and in it there are traditional settlements as identities. This research is located in the Sendiki beach area which is a tourist attraction in the southern Malang district, precisely in the village of Tambakrejo. The problem is the diminishing public awareness in preserving the existence of settlement forms because of the current of modernization. The unique settlement pattern model in the village of Tambakrejo lined up along the road following the traditional settlement pattern of Tanean Lanjeng, because the settlements were dominated by Madura race. On the other hand because it is located in East Java, the formation of his house was also adapted to the building form of joglo. Another problem is the low public awareness in maintaining environmental quality which impacts the degradation of ecosystem quality. The aims of this research include identifying the architectural forms of houses, landscapes and traditional settlements in the village of Tambakrejo, as an effort to preserve them. The research method was conducted qualitatively by analyzing the data using Focus Group Discussion (FGD). The research thinking is adapted to the ideas of Rapoport. The stages of research start from the identification of physical, biophysical, socio-cultural and economic aspects, to the description of analysis and synthesis in settlement patterns and traditional homes. The results obtained in the form of a description of traditional settlement patterns, the formation of residential architecture and landscape patterns of settlements. The conclusions of this study include documentation of traditional architecture, landscapes and settlements as knowledge to respect the natural environment and culture of the people living.

Building resilience in heritage district: lesson learned from Kotagede Yogyakarta Indonesia

Kotagede, a heritage district in Yogyakarta and famous as a silver town and a destination for heritage tourism, is one of the vulnerable heritage resources in Indonesia. Its history, dates back to the Old Mataram Kingdom in 16th Century, has inherited many heritage properties, including traditional settlement patterns and Javanese traditional architecture of houses. As a vulnerable heritage area, Kotagede experienced several disaster attackks; with the last one was the Java biggest earthquake in 2006 that destroyed more than 200,000 houses in Yogyakarta and dozens of traditional houses in Kotagede collapsed. Ten years after the big disaster, Kotagede has significantly developed with some former earthquake impact can still be found.This paper aims to document and examine the way Kotagede built its resilience, particularly after the last earthquake, and how the reconstruction process relates to the broader concept of resilience. Descriptive and qualitative approaches are used based on historical data and field observation. This paper notes that although not as fast as other non-heritage areas, the reconstruction process in Kotagede has finally done. It is also argues that several factors contribute to the building resilience of Kotagede, and the most important factor is the collaborative actions among stakeholders in coping the disaster impact. Such collaboration can be effectively done when the local community have strong commitment and willingness to solve their problem and have a resilient Kotagede.