Traditional Principles Research Articles

Efficacy of honey suppositories in treating paediatric functional constipation: A comparative study.

This study sought to assess the clinical efficacy of honey suppositories in managing functional constipation in pre-school children, with a focus on those exhibiting Yin deficiency and intestinal dryness according to traditional Chinese medicine principles. The investigation aimed to determine whether honey suppositories could serve as a safer and more efficacious alternative to standard treatments. A randomised controlled trial was conducted involving pre-school children diagnosed with functional constipation. They were allocated to either a control group or a treatment group. While both groups received standard care, the treatment group also received honey suppositories. The efficacy of the treatment was evaluated based on the 'Guiding Principles for Clinical Research of New Chinese Medicines', and statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 25.0. Following treatment, the treatment group demonstrated significantly lower constipation scoring system scores and higher bowel movement frequencies compared with the control group (P < 0.05). The clinical efficacy of the treatment group was notably superior, with a higher rate of complete recovery and effectiveness observed (P < 0.05). Additionally, no significant differences in baseline characteristics were found between the groups, confirming the comparability of the study cohorts. Honey suppositories offer a promising therapeutic intervention for paediatric functional constipation, with significant clinical benefits over standard care.

Physics-aware cross-domain fusion aids learning-driven computer-generated holography

The rapid advancement of computer-generated holography has bridged deep learning with traditional optical principles in recent years. However, a critical challenge in this evolution is the efficient and accurate conversion from the amplitude to phase domain for high-quality phase-only hologram (POH) generation. Existing computational models often struggle to address the inherent complexities of optical phenomena, compromising the conversion process. In this study, we present the cross-domain fusion network (CDFN), an architecture designed to tackle the complexities involved in POH generation. The CDFN employs a multi-stage (MS) mechanism to progressively learn the translation from amplitude to phase domain, complemented by the deep supervision (DS) strategy of middle features to enhance task-relevant feature learning from the initial stages. Additionally, we propose an infinite phase mapper (IPM), a phase-mapping function that circumvents the limitations of conventional activation functions and encapsulates the physical essence of holography. Through simulations, our proposed method successfully reconstructs high-quality 2K color images from the DIV2K dataset, achieving an average PSNR of 31.68 dB and SSIM of 0.944. Furthermore, we realize high-quality color image reconstruction in optical experiments. The experimental results highlight the computational intelligence and optical fidelity achieved by our proposed physics-aware cross-domain fusion.

Pattern‐moving‐based dynamic description and optimal control for non‐Newtonian mechanical systems with generalized cell mapping

AbstractThis article focuses on the problem of modelling and control for a non‐Newtonian mechanical system that may be subject to the statistical law instead of the traditional Newtonian principles mechanics. A discrete method, synthesizing the generalized cell mapping (GCM) together with dynamic programming (DP), with inverse search strategy, using pattern moving theory (PMT) framework, was proposed. The basic idea is to describe and control the system's dynamic peculiarity utilizing pattern class variable in ‘pattern moving space’. First, a few prior concepts were reviewed, including PMT, cell mapping, and optimal control for this kind system. Then, we articulated a cross‐mapping method to analyze the system dynamic behaviour, which takes into account the computational and statistical properties of pattern class variable simultaneously. For system optimal control, the improved GCM and cost function were performed to determine the discrete optimal control table (DOCT) in accordance with dynamic programming and inverse search. Finally, simulation results of two cases demonstrate the efficiency and practicality of the proposed approach. The study has resulted in a solution of describing and controlling based on pattern class variable for non‐Newtonian mechanical systems, and its main objective was to give a different perspective in term of research into non mechanistic principles modelling and application of nonlinear systems.

Traditional Chinese herbal compound as complementary treatment for nonspecific low back pain: A randomized controlled trial.

This prospective randomized controlled trial was designed to evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of Bu Shen Tong Luo herbal compound as a complementary treatment for nonspecific low back pain (NSLBP). A total of 76 patients with NSLBP included from January 2022 to June 2023 according to the criteria were randomly divided into Bushen Tongluo formula (BSTL) group (n = 38) and celecoxib group (n = 38). According to Traditional Chinese Medicine principles, patients of 2 groups were divided into 5 syndrome types. Celecoxib or BSTL herbal compound were used to treat NSLBP of each group for 3 weeks, every week the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), Oswestry Disability Index, and Japanese Orthopaedic Association scores of each patient was record and compared to evaluate the clinical efficacy, and adverse reaction was reported to evaluate the safety of 2 interventions. A total of 71 patients finished the follow-up, including 36 patients in BSTL group and 35 patients in celecoxib group. The result showed that within 3 weeks, both BSTL and celecoxib interventions were able to treat NSLBP, with improvements in VAS scores and waist function index. However, there were no significant differences in clinical outcomes between these 2 interventions. Then we divided the patients into 5 syndromes on the basis of traditional Chinese medicine principles and observed their clinical outcomes. We found that celecoxib had similar improvements in VAS score and waist function index for each syndrome type and most of the syndromes in the BSTL group, except for the SRBZ syndrome. In the treatment of SRBZ syndrome, BSTL prescription showed no statistically significant clinical improvement. Meanwhile, in the treatment of HSBZ syndrome of NSLBP, BSTL prescription showed better clinical results than celecoxib, although there was no difference in VAS scores between the 2 groups, patients in BSXL group had better waist function than those in celecoxib group. Both BSTL herbal compound and celecoxib are effective and safe in the clinical treatment of NSLBP, and BSTL herbal compound had unique advantages in the treatment of HSBZ syndrome type of NSLBP especially in waist function improvement.

Understanding the influence of Manasika Bhavas on Stanya Kshaya: A Conceptual Study

Breast milk stands as the foremost source of nutrition in every individual's early life. According to Ayurveda, Stanya is considered an Upadhatu of Rasa and is pivotal for the nourishment and development of infants. Ayurveda defines decreased breast milk or lactation insufficiency as Stanya Kshaya, primarily attributed to emotions like anger, grief, and excessive affection, alongside dietary influences. Psychological factors such as emotional stress, anxiety, and maternal health also significantly impact milk production, necessitating both psychological and medical interventions. Any disruption in Agni affects Ahara Rasa, leading to disturbances in Rasa Dhatu, thereby affecting Stanya. Psychological aspects play a crucial role in the proper formation of Ahara Rasa. The significance of Manasika Bhavas lies in their advocacy of Soumanasya as a primary treatment for Ksheerajanana. This paper explores the correlation between psychological well-being and lactation outcomes, drawing on both contemporary psychological research and traditional Ayurvedic principles. Psychological stress, anxiety, depression, and maternal bonding are examined as key factors affecting hormonal balance and neuroendocrine pathways involved in lactation. Understanding these influences is crucial for holistic approaches to maternal health and breastfeeding support. The integration of psychological interventions alongside conventional medical treatments could enhance maternal lactation success rates and overall maternal-infant health outcomes. Thus, managing Stanya Kshaya requires thorough consideration of both psychological factors and dietary practices.

The legacy of Kaviraj Gananath Sen: Bridging traditions in Ayurveda

Abstract Kaviraj Gananath Sen (1877–1945) was a distinguished scholar and physician who significantly refurbished Ayurveda knowledge and practice. He integrated traditional Ayurvedic principles with modern medical knowledge, becoming a licensed physician at the age of 20 years. He was instrumental in establishing the Ayurvedic Faculty at Banaras Hindu University (BHU), Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India, and founded the Vishwanath Ayurved Mahavidyalaya in Calcutta, now Kolkata, West Bengal, India. Despite resistance, he authored influential texts like Pratyaksa Sareeram and Siddantha Nidana, merging ancient Ayurvedic wisdom with modern anatomy. Globally, his paper on “Hindu Medicine” disseminated Ayurvedic principles. He served as the President of the annual conferences of the Akhila Bharata Varshiya Ayurveda Mahasammelan, held in Allahabad in 1911, Indore in 1920, and Mysore in 1931. Additionally, he was the President of the Nikhila Bharata Ayurveda Vidyapeeth for many years. In 1935, he also presided over the “Tridosha Sambhasha Parishad” at BHU. His enduring legacy continues to shape contemporary Ayurvedic practice and education.

The Role of Qawā’id Fiqhiyyah in Strengthening Waqf Law: A Review of Challenges and Solutions in Indonesia

The article addresses the various challenges that waqf (Islamic endowment) law faces in Indonesia. It specifically investigates how the application of Qawā'id Fiqhiyyah (principles of Islamic jurisprudence) can enhance waqf law considering obstacles such as public ignorance about waqf, inadequate legal frameworks, and the necessity for effective management strategies to improve the productivity of waqf assets. The aim of this research is to analyze how Qawā’id Fiqhiyyah can provide foundational support to enhance Waqf law, proposing viable solutions to existing issues. The novelty of this research lies in its integrative approach, which combines traditional Islamic legal principles with the contemporary challenges of waqf management. By focusing on Qawā'id Fiqhiyyah, the study proposes a framework that not only addresses legal and administrative issues but also highlights the cultural and social dimensions of waqf in Indonesia, an area that has not been extensively explored in existing literature. . The results of the research suggest that the application of Qawā'id Fiqhiyyah can provide practical solutions to the identified challenges in waqf law. The study outlines several strategies, including enhancing public education about waqf, improving legal frameworks, and fostering collaboration among various stakeholders such as government bodies, religious organizations, and the community. These strategies aim to create a more effective and sustainable waqf system in Indonesia, ultimately leading to increased productivity and a greater social impact of waqf assets

Padmasree Dr. P.R. Krishnakumar – A life truly ahead of time

Abstract This study details the life journey of Padma Shri Dr. P. R. Krishnakumar, a luminary who has contributed a lot to elevating Ayurveda’s global standing. This study unveils his childhood, education, and transformative journey through interviews with key informants and family members. It also presents his multi-faceted role as a researcher, manufacturer, academician, and administrator, emphasizing his commitment to maintaining traditional principles in Ayurveda while embracing modernization. Dr. Krishnakumar’s efforts facilitated the global acceptance of Ayurveda through collaborations, clinical trials, and international engagements. This study highlights Dr. P. R. Krishnakumar’s principles, ethos, and lasting legacy in Ayurveda. His life serves as a profound lesson on maintaining balance across diverse roles while contributing to the advancement of Ayurveda on a global stage.

Prophet in the (degrowth) wilderness: storytelling Herbert Gruhl as a far-right environmental lieu de mémoire

ABSTRACT In this article, we further the understanding of the contemporary far right’s politics of the environment by analysing the (re)construction of a key figure in the history of the modern environmental movement in Germany, Herbert Gruhl (1921–1993). The latter co-founded the Green party and, subsequently, two further right green organizations, as well as authoring bestselling books on the environmental crisis. Articulating themes also found in today’s degrowth movement, Gruhl eschewed green capitalism, ‘globalism’, and technological fixes while advocating for a relationship between humans and the environment consistent with traditional conservative principles of moderation and rootedness. Focusing on the far right’s storytelling of Gruhl-as-unheard-prophet—Gruhl as a lieu de mémoire of the contemporary German far right—we offer a first systematic interrogation of stories regarding the prophet as a type in far-right environmental communication more generally and, more specifically, on how his memorialization as a ‘sacred center’ reproduces contemporary far-right (eco-)politics, that is, the legitimation of such an agenda and the identities built through it. In so doing, we illuminate the far right’s story of the lost opportunity for a conservative/far-right ecology, one which was betrayed by the left-wing Greens, as well as its own vision of an alternative eco-future.

Balancing of Counterclaims as a Legal Construction Similar to Set-off

This article examines the application of set-off under Article 410 of the Civil Code of the Russian Federation within bankruptcy procedures, highlighting the limitations imposed by proportionality and claims priority rules. These restrictions often conflict with economic feasibility, leading to the emergence of a legal construction known as the balancing of counterclaims in judicial practice. Although balancing of counterclaims functions similarly to set-off, it circumvents the statutory limitations traditionally applied to set-off. Despite its practical utility in addressing set-off admissibility issues in bankruptcy, the concept lacks proper legal justification. This article explores the legal nature of balancing counterclaims, its distinctions from set-off, and its criteria and application procedures. The article begins by examining the historical evolution of balancing counterclaims and the rationale behind their distinct terminology. A comparative analysis with set-off under Article 410 of the Civil Code is conducted, focusing on the grounds for obligations termination, purpose, scope, and procedural applications. Key differences between the two concepts are in their goal and limited application scope, allowing balancing counterclaims to operate beyond the proportionality and claim priority constraints. Additionally, the article delves into potential penalties and the security functions associated with balancing counterclaims. In conclusion, balancing counterclaims can be best understood either as a legal construct derived from traditional set-off principles or as a criterion for determining transaction admissibility, including set-off, within bankruptcy contexts.

Perioperative Management of Tibial Spine Fractures in Pediatric Patients: A Delphi Study to Identify Principles of Treatment.

The Delphi technique is a structured, iterative group survey method utilized to reach a consensus among experts in a field regarding topics with evidence-based equipoise. Currently, there are few studies at the highest levels of evidence published on the perioperative tibial spine management, making it an ideal subject to utilize expert opinion to reach consensus decision. The purpose of this study was to utilize a Delphi-method survey to achieve consensus statements regarding the perioperative management of tibial spine fractures. Before study initiation, 3 rounds of surveys were agreed upon, maintaining the traditional Delphi principles. Consensus was defined as 75% agreement or disagreement on a Likert scale. An anonymous survey consisting of 50 statements describing the management of tibial spine fractures preoperative and postoperative in varying scenarios was distributed to a group of 44 pediatric sports medicine orthopaedic surgeons utilizing an electronic survey software system. Of 44 surgeons invited to participate, 24 responded to round 1, 28 responded to round 2, and 25 responded to round 3. Consensus was achieved for the following: use of x-ray to determine initial treatment; casting for a minimum of 3 weeks for nonoperative management, but <3 weeks if treated with surgical fixation; advanced imaging to avoid missing concomitant injury; the necessity of physical therapy, but not continuous passive motion (CPM); and for arthroscopic surgical intervention. It was also agreed that functional testing is important in return-to-play (RTP) decision-making, though the specific timelines and clearance criteria could not be agreed upon. There were statements that displayed continued disagreement, including the role of aspiration, preoperative range of motion management, and the timing of surgical scheduling. Utilizing a Delphi methodology with experienced surgeons on tibial spine treatment, consensus in the management of tibial spine fracture was achieved for definitive management strategies. Further study will be important to optimize our management of this youthful population with tibial spine fractures.

Membangun Karakter Murid Melalui Pendidikan Agama

Religious Education is an education process that has a purpose to form religious character of the religious tradition to individuals. This formation process includes an understanding of the Holy Book, religious traditions, and moral and spiritual development in accordance with religion culture and tradition. This religious education is the basis for students meditative thinking because it plays an important role in shaping human spiritual and moral development. As writers, we are using the literature review approach in writing this article in order to compile a deep understanding to improve the character education of the people based on the principles of religion culture and tradition. The results of this study confirm that Religious Education can form the students personality and character responsible individuals.

Electronic Commercial Contracts in Saudi Arabia: Legal and Regulatory Challenges

This study explores the legal and regulatory challenges associated with electronic commercial contracts in Saudi Arabia. As e-commerce grows globally, the Kingdom has witnessed rapid changes in commercial practices, necessitating a robust legal framework to regulate electronic contracts. The paper examines the historical development of e-commerce in Saudi Arabia, the regulatory framework governing electronic contracts, and the challenges that arise from their enforcement. Key issues include the compatibility of electronic transactions with traditional legal principles, the recognition of electronic signatures, and cybersecurity concerns that impact the validity and enforceability of these contracts. Additionally, the paper compares Saudi Arabia’s legal framework with international standards, highlighting gaps that hinder the effective regulation of electronic commerce in the Kingdom. Recommendations for reform include harmonizing local laws with global best practices and enhancing cybersecurity measures to foster trust in electronic transactions. The study emphasizes the need for legal clarity to support the growth of e-commerce while protecting both businesses and consumers in the digital age.

Model-free adaptive consensus design for a class of unknown heterogeneous nonlinear multi-agent systems with packet dropouts

This paper studies the consensus problem for a class of unknown heterogeneous nonlinear multi-agent systems via a network with random packet dropouts. Based on the dynamic linearization technique, novel model-free adaptive consensus protocols with the data compensation mechanism are designed for both leaderless and leader-following cases. The advantage of this approach is that only neighborhood input and output data of the agents are required in the protocol design. For the stability analysis, a new Squeeze Theorem based method is developed to derive the theoretic results instead of the traditional contraction mapping principle used in model-free adaptive control. It is shown that the consensus can be achieved for both leaderless and leader-following cases if the communication topology is strongly connected. Finally, numerical simulations verifying the correctness of the theoretical results are given.

Wilberforce, Nightingale and King Jr: The Wesleyan Tradition as a Basis for Social Justice and Ethical Living

Abstract This article probes the Wesleyan tradition’s contribution to ethical living and social justice in contemporary discussions. It provides a brief overview of the Wesleyan tradition, connects it to personal faith and social duty, emphasizes the Holy Spirit’s role in transforming people and groups, as well as the importance of communal holiness. Through critical analysis and theological reflections, this article demonstrates that key principles in the Wesleyan tradition can inform broader Christian engagement in ethical living and social activism in various contexts, with reference to the lives and examples of William Wilberforce, Martin Luther King Jr, and Florence Nightingale. Accordingly, it is demonstrated that Christians today can work towards a just, diverse, equitable, and inclusive society through an application of the key principles of the Wesleyan tradition.

Exploring prescriptive and agile management of university-based living labs

ABSTRACT University-based living labs serve as open innovation platforms that foster collaborative research and experimentation across various disciplines. These labs bring together academics, citizens, community organisations, companies, and other entities to collectively address complex contemporary issues. The labs’ managers are expected to adopt flexible, agile management approaches to support the openness of their lab to stakeholders. Flexible management approaches create various challenges, as the labs are often expected also to comply with traditional project management principles of deadlines, project deliverables, budget restrictions, and quality conditions as set by their project sponsors and host organisation. The combination of prescriptive and agile project management approaches in such open innovation settings has been relatively underexplored in higher education research. Drawing on the theoretical literature on boundary work and project management, we analyse how the managers of a Dutch university-based living lab execute flexible project management styles in a setting that is dominated by prescriptive project management traditions. Based on information from 20 interviews and document analysis we identify five areas of tension between agile and prescriptive project management. Living lab managers, supported by researchers, buffer these tensions through boundary work that shapes the openness of the projects in rather unexpected ways.

THE VOCAL HERITAGE OF JOHANNES BRAHMS WITHIN THE CONTEXT OF THE RELIGIOUS AND ETHICAL PRINCIPLES OF 19TH-CENTURY GERMAN CULTURE

The article is devoted to the exploration of spiritual and religious principles in the works of Johannes Brahms and their manifestation in the composer’s vocal and choral opuses. The aim of the study is to reveal the spiritual, ethical, and religious foundations of Brahms’ creative personality and their reflection in the composer’s vocal heritage (using A German Requiem and the vocal cycle Four Serious Songs as examples). The methodology combines intonational, genre-stylistic, etymological, and hermeneutical approaches. The scientific novelty of the study is marked by the introduction into musicology of not only materials concerning the religious worldview of Brahms but also their influence on the formation of the conceptual content inherent in his works, shaped at the intersection of Protestant-Lutheran principles of the German cultural-historical tradition and their metamorphoses during the spiritual quests of the Romantic era. The findings show that the generalization of bibliographic and analytical sources on Brahms’ works, including his vocal heritage, reveals the depth of the spiritual, ethical, and religious principles of his creative personality, which trace back to the German Protestant tradition and the culture formed on its basis. At the same time, these principles were enriched by the spiritual searches of German Romanticism and the Biedermeier period. The appeal to the age-old principles of past national culture and its illustrious representatives, combined with the revival of the “spirit” of the nation and the characteristic Protestant convergence and mutual spiritualization of sacred and secular genres, contributed to the consolidation of German society and its movement towards the unification of Germany. These aspects are also reflected in the poetics of Brahms’ A German Requiem and the vocal cycle Four Serious Songs, which exhibit the tradition’s characteristic focus on eternal themes of life and death in their Protestant interpretation, the use of relevant biblical texts and their authorial re-interpretation, as well as the appeal to the “intonational dictionary” of the Protestant chorale, ranging from direct citation to free compositional realization of broadly interpreted chorality.

Human Resource Management Based on Local Wisdom in Tourism Businesses in Panelokan, Bangli Regency

This research aims to explore how local wisdom can be integrated into human resource management (HRM) practices in tourism businesses in Panelokan Village, Bangli Regency. Specifically, this research seeks to understand the views and experiences of business actors, employees and local communities in implementing local wisdom-based HRM, as well as identifying challenges and strategies that can be adopted to overcome obstacles in its implementation. This research uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a case study method to understand the application of human resource management (HRM) based on local wisdom in tourism businesses in Panelokan Village. Data was collected through in-depth interviews with tourism business owners or managers, employees and local community leaders, as well as analysis of related documents, such as work guidelines and HR policies. Thematic analysis techniques were used to identify the main themes that emerged from the data. The validity of the data is guaranteed by triangulation of sources and methods, as well as member checking to confirm findings. The results of the research show that the application of local wisdom such as "ngayah," "menyama braya," and "Tri Hita Karana" in HRM is able to increase job satisfaction, loyalty, and employee productivity in tourism businesses in Panelokan. Integration of local cultural values in recruitment, training, performance appraisal and reward systems helps create a more inclusive and culturally appropriate work environment. However, this research also found several challenges in implementing local wisdom-based HRM, especially related to a lack of understanding and managerial skills in combining traditional principles with modern management practices, as well as pressure to meet international management standards.

The fall and rise of sovereignty

The aftermath of the Cold War signalled a decline of the international norm of sovereignty. The ‘triumph’ of the Liberal International Order during a brief unipolar moment challenged traditional principles of sovereignty, notably non-intervention. However, recent years have seen a resurgence of affirmations of sovereignty in political discourse, coinciding with a broader narrative on the Liberal International Order’s erosion. This article attempts to make sense of this fall and rise of sovereignty. Motivated by genealogical concerns, it historicises political and scholarly conversations on the concept. First, it examines the perceived decline of sovereignty following the Cold War. Second, it traces the proliferation of sovereignty discourses in the European 2000s and 2010s back to debates surrounding the 1992 Maastricht Treaty. Third, it explores the concept of sovereigntism, charting its move from political discourse into academic debates. Finally, the article concludes with a reflection on the trajectory of sovereignty in a post-Liberal International Order world.

Web Application for Recommendation of Ayurvedic Drugs and Medicine using ML

This project aims to develop a comprehensive Ayurvedic drug recommendation website that seamlessly integrates traditional Ayurvedic principles with modern technology. The platform will cater to both students seeking educational resources and practitioners offering personalized healthcare guidance. The website's key features include drug prediction algorithms, herbal drug recommendations based on individualized assessments on symptoms, and a user-friendly interface. The initial phase involves meticulous planning, scoping, and research to define project objectives, target audiences, and select an appropriate technology stack. Subsequent weeks focus on design and prototyping, incorporating user feedback to ensure an intuitive and engaging interface. The front-end development phase emphasizes responsiveness and usability, while the back-end development integrates sophisticated algorithms for drug prediction and drug recommendation. User authentication and authorization mechanisms will be implemented to cater to both students and practitioners, ensuring a secure and personalized experience. The website's robustness and reliability will be validated through comprehensive testing, addressing any identified issues to guarantee a seamless user experience. The refinement and optimization phase involve continuous feedback collection, iterative improvements, and performance optimization. Beta testing will be conducted to gather user insights, refining the platform further. The deployment and launch process will involve hosting the website on a reliable platform, setting up monitoring tools, and officially releasing the Ayurvedic drug prediction and drug recommendation website to the public. This project combines the rich heritage of Ayurveda with cutting-edge technology, offering a valuable resource for education and healthcare in the Ayurvedic domain. The website aims to empower both students and practitioners with accurate drug predictions and personalized drug recommendations based on symptoms, fostering a holistic approach to healthcare that aligns with traditional Ayurvedic principle.