Traditional Decoration Research Articles

Алтайский орнамент как элемент образной структуры в книжной графике В. А. Раменского

The article discusses the graphic heritage of the Altai book artist V. A. Ramensky in terms of the use of the traditional Altai ornament as an element of the image structure of works of fiction. The problematics of the article lie in the field of transformation of the traditional ornament in the space of the author’s artistic interpretation. The aim of the study is to identify the special features of the use of ornamental tradition by the artist V. A. Ramensky. The scientific novelty of the study consists in identifying and formulating the main principles of interpretation of the Altai ornament in the image structure of the works by V. A. Ramensky. As a result, the article gives the main principles of the use of the traditional Altai ornament by the artist V. A. Ramensky in the book design and illustration: 1) reproduction of ethnographic ornamental motifs of the Turkic peoples of Altai; 2) use of ornament as an element of design (decoration) of the book; 3) creation of an artistic image through ornamental stylization; 4) introduction of basic principles of ornamentation (rhythm, symmetry) into the compositional structure of works of art.

Local community perceptions on the conservation of hornbill (Family Bucerotidae) in West Kalimantan, Indonesia

Abstract. Kurniawan FH, Rahmansyah R, Rahman A, Hardiyanti, Kurniawan J, Putra ID, Hadiprakarsa Y. 2024. Local community perceptions on the conservation of hornbill (Family Bucerotidae) in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 25: 1702-1710. Effective wildlife conservation strategies must consider local community perceptions to develop effective actions. This study explored community attitudes toward hornbill conservation in West Kalimantan, Indonesia. Between November 2018 and August 2019, we interviewed 513 respondents in ten villages in Kapuas Hulu District, West Kalimantan Province, Indonesia. We collected data on respondent’s demographics, socioeconomic status, human-forest interactions, animal hunting trends, knowledge of hornbill, hornbill hunting, and hornbill-cultural knowledge. Most respondents were Dayak, relying on the forest for farming and harvesting for subsistence and commercial purposes. Seven out of eight Kalimantan hornbill species are targeted for hunting, with Helmeted hornbills being the most targeted species (80%) in the past five years. In addition, 12% of respondents reported hunting hornbills for food. Our result suggests that hunting is related to socioeconomic conditions, given that a significant proportion of respondents had no steady income (56%) and limited economic resources as farmers (38%), and a significant portion was unemployed (46%). A decline in the cultural value of hornbills was also recorded, with 61% of respondents did not know about it. The respondents who know, generally only understand the hornbill utilization in the traditional ornament matter and lost the sacred value. Additionally, in this study, cultural narratives were successfully recorded by some older respondents who were aware of the cultural value of hornbills from age >55 years old (27%). Hornbill ecotourism is suggested to enhance and fortify the socioeconomic well-being of sustainable conservation practices and mitigate the unsustainable use of hornbill. To enhance public awareness, we suggest conducting conservation education activities and awareness campaigns targeted at individuals within the age <35 years old, where a majority of respondents at these ages (45%) are unaware of the cultural value of hornbills. A community-based hornbill monitoring program is also recommended to raise public awareness, although funding for this aspect is currently very limited.

Ornament in the architecture of mosques in Jordan: traditions and innovations

The object of the study is ornaments in the architecture of ancient and modern mosques. Using the example of mosques in Amman (Jordan), traditional ornaments are considered from the point of view of their purpose, content and symbolism, location and plastic organization. The compositional techniques, stylization methods, images used in ornaments are analyzed. In the modern architecture of mosques, continuity in approaches to decoration is combined with the active use of modern technologies in the construction and interpretation of ornaments, their embodiment in the material. Since there are strong changes in the space-planning solutions of mosques in connection with modern functional tasks, it is ornaments that are the most important means of identifying religious buildings. New interpretations of the visual language and the purpose of the decoration of mosques are due to the processes of globalization and the use of computer technologies for the design of structures. The authors conclude that it is necessary to follow the canons of Islamic ornamental motifs when using them in modern architecture, especially in religious buildings. By offering engineering and artistic innovations, architects must preserve the structure, plasticity and symbolism of ornaments in which the philosophy of Islam accumulates.

Harmonizing culture and consumer psychology: optimizing color schemes for children’s product design inspired by traditional ornaments

Color is one of the vital components of product design and the choice of color combination is a critical factor that affects consumer reaction and purchase decisions. However, the impact of traditional colors on color extraction and product design has seldom been studied. The purpose of this study is to discover suitable colors from traditional patterns to create color schemes that will be used in the design of children’s products. Colors were extracted from five major traditional ornaments obtained from Turkmenistan’s national carpets, each representing one of the main Turkmen tribes, using tools like Photoshop, Adobe Color, and EasyRGB, with the objective of investigating psychological-emotional attachment, reaction, and attitudes towards the colors obtained. This initial extraction provided 124 color data points. Initially, extracted colors were refined and used to develop novel color schemes by two independent survey studies. The first survey, based on a sample of 104 parents of preschool children, identified colors that have a positive emotional effect on consumer preferences and provided the basis to develop color schemes. As a result, 25 colors were identified for use in developing 14 color schemes. The second survey, based on a sample of 48 parents of preschool children, identified which color schemes have an attraction for consumers. The survey indicated that 11 out of these 14 schemes were highly favored by the respondents. Based on these results, this study proposed new color schemes for children’s products, extracted from traditional patterns of Turkmenistan and aligned with the psychological perception of the consumers.

Pecipaw (Peci Angpaw): Adding a Wallet in Traditional Peci with Enhancement of Betawi Gigi Balang Ornament

This paper sets out the additional value of peci, a hat usually worn by Muslim males in Jakarta during the celebration of Eid al-Fitr, as a symbol of Indonesian cultural identity and modesty. It is common practice for individuals to store money (angpau) in the peci for easy access, however, there is a problem with the existing traditional peci design. Money will scatter when the peci falls off, thus, compromising user comfort and safety. The peci design was explored by introducing an additional wallet feature with a zipper that allows customization and versatility. Additionally, the use of Betawi traditional ornaments further enhances the peci value, making it suitable as an iconic souvenir from Jakarta. This research applied the design thinking approach of the Hasso Platner Institute (HPI) Stanford model with five steps comprised of empathize, define, ideate, prototype, and test as a problem-solving tool to provide a better understanding of the needs and perspectives of peci users. The results show that pecipaw innovation could cater to the added value of traditional peci products as an iconic souvenir of Jakarta. Further research will help to expand more explorative design and conduct user evaluation to establish objective measurements of the final prototype.
 Keywords: peci, gigi balang, betawi, ornament, wallet

Reducing Carbon Emissions from Prefabricated Decoration: A Case Study of Residential Buildings in China

Since decoration is an essential part of buildings, the carbon emissions generated by decoration work should not be ignored. In recent years, prefabricated decoration has attracted much attention as efforts are made to pursue green, low-carbon, and waste-reducing buildings. However, research on carbon emissions assessment of prefabricated buildings has focused mainly on the structural aspect of prefabricated buildings, with few studies having considered prefabricated decoration. This study therefore focuses on assessing the carbon emissions of prefabricated decoration from the life cycle perspective of a case study residential building and explores the potential for reducing carbon emissions by decorating buildings with prefabricated components. The results show that using prefabricated decoration in the case study building reduced carbon emissions by 29.08% at the building material production stage compared to traditional decoration, and using an optimized design of prefabricated decoration, the building’s energy consumption over its design life could reduce carbon emissions by 1046 kgCO2/m2. These findings demonstrate the benefits of prefabrication decoration for reducing carbon emissions. This study provides decoration companies with robust data and insights to guide future decisions and practices, helping to transform and achieve the carbon neutrality goal for the building decoration industry.

Understanding and documenting decorated façades of the Coquimbo Region in Chile

The present contribution aims at documenting decorated earthen architecture in the Coquimbo Region of Chile, in the provinces of Limarì and Elqui, specifically in Tulahuèn and Pisco Elqui. The peculiarity of these decorated façades is their rich ornamental composition, resulting in interesting patterns and textural realizations. These decorated façades witness the significance of Chilean earthen heritage and thus deserve an in-depth investigation. The vernacular buildings observed in the Limarì Valley present irregular and non-formal geometric decorations and graphic representation, engraved motifs and tiling, and wavy patterns, creatively interpreting the façade as the owner's canvas. The earthen architecture of Pisco Elqui shows a formal façade decorative composition, which could be associated with the presence of a school of masters and artisans with decorative expertise. The latter façades present classical features and stuccoes combined with geometrically composed pattern textures and engraved elements. The vernacular decorations of Limarì buildings' façades enclose immaterial values and express themselves through the anonymous touch of the inhabitants, revealing intimate stories and ancient local memories. The present paper also promotes the possibility of reviving this decorative tradition as a tool for contemporary projects for the renovation of earthen houses at the urban scale, enhancing the importance of using local and sustainable materials.

Retracted: Innovative Application of Nano-Organic Photochromic New Materials in Hakka Traditional Decorative Pattern Design

Retracted: Innovative Application of Nano-Organic Photochromic New Materials in Hakka Traditional Decorative Pattern Design

The Nomenclature of Traditional Ornaments in Latvian and Lithuanian

Abstract The traditional ornaments, characteristic for the Latvian and Lithuanian ethnographic regions, are an essential part of traditional Baltic culture. Since the 19th century researchers have studied their technical aspects and semiotics (Brastiņš, 1923; Dzērvīts, 1925; Celms 2007) but little attention has been paid to empirical terminology. The name is an integral part of the sign, it often carries semantic information helping to reveal its usage and significance. In Latvia, the names of traditional signs have been influenced by the work of Brastiņš and dievturi (“Keepers of Dievs”) who attributed the names of Baltic mythological deities to ornaments linking them to the manifestations of the deity mentioned in the denominations. While these denominations are very popular in Latvia, in Lithuania very similar ornaments are called and interpreted differently. This research focuses on collecting and analysing Baltic ornament nomenclature published in Latvia and Lithuania in the first half of the 20th century. It compares the ornament naming traditions in both countries and highlights the main parallels and differences. It also reviews previous research of ornament in Latvia and Lithuania where significant differences can be seen – while semiotic research dominates in Latvia, in Lithuania more attention has been paid to the nomenclature, although in both countries the nomenclature has often been viewed separately from the visual form, making the research of ornament evolution and typology difficult. It has been found that the spectrum of ornament nomenclature at the beginning of the 20th century in Latvia was more diverse than it is now; that it is common for Latvians and Lithuanians to view ornament as a pattern rather than separate graphic elements and that geometric, plant, animal, artefact and celestial body denominations dominate the nomenclature of both languages. Symbols appearing in Baltic culture are also present in ornament nomenclature.

Traditional Decorative Symbols and User Behavior: Experiences of Ghanaian and Chinese Seat Users

Traditional Decorative Symbols and User Behavior: Experiences of Ghanaian and Chinese Seat Users

Hubungan Pola Perilaku Pengunjung dengan Karakteristik Arsitektur Istana Datu Luwu Kota Palopo

Title: The Relationship between Visitor Behavior Patterns and the Architectural Characteristics of Datu Luwu Palace, Palopo City The research aims to find the relationship between visitor behavior patterns and the architectural characteristics of the Datu Luwu Palace in Palopo City. Datu Luwu Palace has important historical and cultural significance as a historical building complex in South Sulawesi. Factors such as the layout, visual design, and architectural elements within the palace can influence visitor behavior patterns. The research used a qualitative approach with a survey of visitors. Data were analyzed using spatial techniques to identify visitor behavior patterns and their relationship to the architectural characteristics of the palace. The results show a significant relationship between visitor behavior patterns, visit time, activities, and space preferences with the architectural characteristics of the Datu Luwu Palace. Architectural characteristics, such as traditional ornamentation, room layout, and materials, play an important role in shaping visitors' experiences and their activities within the palace. Research provides new insights into the management and development of historic tourist destinations. By better understanding the influence of architectural characteristics on visitor behavior patterns, tourism authorities and managers can take more effective steps to maintain, preserve, and enhance the visitor experience. The results of the research can be the basis for better planning in maintaining historical and cultural values, and on the other hand, fulfilling visitors' expectations in exploring tourist destinations. Research has a positive impact on the development and promotion of South Sulawesi's cultural heritage.

Exploring Ethnomathematics in Batak Toba Carvings for Locally-based Mathematics Teaching Material

As one of the traditional ornaments of the Batak Toba tribe, "gorga" carries philosophical meaning and serves to embellish the decoration of traditional houses. The gorga motif has its own distinctive characteristics, with closely arranged patterns and symmetrical designs. This indicates the presence of mathematical aspects within these carved gorga patterns. This research aims to analyze the symmetries embedded in the gorga motifs that can be utilized as locally-based mathematics teaching material. The study is conducted by exploring various gorga motifs and analyzing their types of symmetry. The research is employing an ethnographic research approach. Data is collected through observing buildings adorned with gorga motifs, studying literature, and conducting interviews with gorga carvers. Qualitative data analysis can be started with data reduction, data presentation, drawing conclusions and verification. The research findings reveal the existence of seven types of symmetry obtained from all gorga motifs. These symmetry types include translation symmetry, glide reflect symmetry, vertical symmetry, rotation 180° symmetry, vertical and rotation 180° symmetry, horizontal symmetry, and vertical and horizontal symmetry.

THE GENERATION OF ORNAMENTS USING ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE

The article considers the results of artificial intelligence testing to pursue the goal of stylizing traditional Indonesian ornament on gringsing fabric. The process of testing the Dream artificial intelligence by WOMBO is described in detail on the example of the stylization of the Cemplong ornament on gringsing fabric; the testing consisted of four stages. At the first stage, a photo of the ornament was uploaded, providing input data for further analysis and correction of the original image. At the second stage, the rendered ornaments in the original colours were uploaded to determine the effectiveness of the stylization process and further correction of the uploaded image. The third stage included uploading parts of the ornament, previously repainted in contrasting, nuanced and monochrome colours; variations were created which made it possible to predict the behaviour of the artificial intelligence Dream by Wombo at different specified settings, as well as to identify the colours that artificial intelligence recognizes best. At the last stage, 450 samples of stylizations were analysed and optimal visual styles and distortion level settings, at which the uploaded image is transformed, developing integral forms without artefacts, with clear contours in which the original symbolism is read, were identified. The best stylizations, applicable for use as elements of patterns for decorating industrial design products, including textiles, were selected. Using the tracing method, these elements were transferred to a vector format and repainted for more convenient application in practical projects. This made it possible to improve the quality of the stylized parts of the pattern. Further, the logic of pattern construction was set in the program and a 3D visualisation of the application of this pattern in textile production was created. It allowed us to get a visual idea of how the final product would look using a stylized with the help of artificial intelligence ornament. As a result of the research, an optimal algorithm for working with the Dream artificial intelligence by WOMBO, which can be used for high-quality stylization of traditional ornaments of different peoples, was created. This opens up new opportunities for innovative design solutions and inspires the creation of unique and attractive designs in various industries.

Recognition of Balinese Traditional Ornament Carving Images with Convolutional Neural Network and Discrete Wavelet Transform

Balinese carvings are less known to the public due to the lack of information about Balinese carvings. Minimum information about Balinese carvings can be overcome by utilizing advances in information technology in the field of image processing, namely the introduction of Balinese carving patterns. In the pattern recognition model of an image, there are several things that can be analyzed, such as the recognition method used, feature extraction, including the model in preprocessing to reduce noise in a Balinese carving image. In this study, the Convolutional Neural Network (CNN) was used to classify Balinese carving images combined with Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) in extracting image features. The introduction was made to 25 categories of Balinese carving ornaments. Tests are generated based on the level of accuracy generated in the testing process. Analysis of the results was carried out on the resulting model, namely the analysis of the combination of CNN with DWT and without DWT. Testing the data set with 212 training data and 129 testing data using all DWT channels. Based on the results of the tests that have been carried out, it is found that using the DWT extraction feature produces a higher testing accuracy value, namely 35.66% for 25 classes and 74, 42% for 3 carving classes. Meanwhile, without using DWT, it produces an accuracy value of 32.56% for 25 classes and 66.67% for 3 carving classes. In future research, it is hoped that there will be an improvement in the data set and good shooting with a balanced and adequate number for the 25 carving classes that have been obtained.

A new record of Sternocera chrysis (Fabricius 1775), the jewel beetle from Rajasthan's semi-arid region and its cultural significance as a traditional ornament

Sternocera chrysis (Fabricius, 1775), also known as the jewel beetle, was recorded for the first time in the Central Aravalli foothills of semi-arid Rajasthan in India. Previously, the species was discovered in the arid region of Rajasthan and in Southern India based on data available in published research papers and on the Global Biodiversity Information Facility, a citizen science platform. This article also discusses the traditional use of beetle heads as ornaments by local people and nomadic.

Formation and perception of the national traditional ornament: the complexity and the simplicity

Formation and perception of the national traditional ornament: the complexity and the simplicity

Research on the Design Method of Traditional Decorative Patterns of Ethnic Minorities under the Trend of AIGC

Research on the Design Method of Traditional Decorative Patterns of Ethnic Minorities under the Trend of AIGC

К ВОПРОСУ О ФИГУРАТИВНЫХ МОТИВАХ В ФАСАДНОМ ДЕКОРЕ ПАЛАЦЦО ПОДЕСТА В БОЛОНЬЕ

The article focuses on the structure and semantic analysis of figurative reliefs in the façade decoration of the Bologna palazzo del Podestà (13th – 15th c.), which was rebuilt in Renaissance style in the epoch of Giovanni II Bentivoglio (ruled in 1463–1506) and presents an important example of Quattrocento palace architecture in the northern Italian region of Emilia Romagna. The problem of the palace reconstructions makes it necessary to look at its decoration in the broader context of 15th century secular buildings in Bologna and Emilia Romagna. Consequently, firstly, three groups of reliefs are discerned (prevailing floral reliefs, zoomorphic and anthropomorphic reliefs, reliefs on historical subject). Secondly, the “retrospective” character of many elements concerned seems obvious and may be explained as inspired by local as well as tramontane Romanesque decorative tradition. Thirdly, semantic interpretation in the historical context of Bologna is accepted as applicable not only to the reliefs on historical subject here, but also to other carvings.

Open for Business?

This article takes a comparative approach, looking to two small cities in the Ottoman East – Mardin and Bitlis – and a group of mansions constructed by a new Armenian bourgeoisie in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. Mardin and Bitlis were similar owing to the important position that Armenian merchants held in prosperous local markets that were booming in the period following the Tanzimat reforms. Members of this Armenian bourgeoisie were committed to their locality and showed this by playing an active role in new councils. However, they also displayed their commitment through the stylistic choices and symbolic vocabulary of their homes. This article shows how in both cities a rise in mansion-building took place in the aftermath of social turmoil and argues that this was a way for wealthy Armenians to reaffirm their presence. In Bitlis, this was in the 1880s in the wake of the Russo-Turkish War, amid problematic relations with missionaries and Russian-Armenian incursions. In Mardin, it was in the 1890s to 1900s following the (averted) Hamidian Massacres. At these crucial junctures, local decorative traditions were used as a show of support for authority and to reinforce a social alliance.

Separation or integration? Further insights from a study on chemical datasets of ancient bronze drums from South and Southeast Guangxi, China

Bronze drums of Types Beiliu and Lingshan, two of the eight types of bronze drums in China, represent the highest level of bronze industry in Guangxi during the Han and Tang dynasties. Because of their distinctive ethnic features and generous size, they have received significant attention. Through the study of 12 drums of Type Beiliu and 7 drums of Type Lingshan, the provenance of ore sources, ethnic characteristics, and their correlations are further discussed. According to the analysis results, the above two types of bronze drum share some common features in alloying patterns, lead isotope ratios, and trace elements. However, they exhibit differences in decorative traditions. This research concludes that although the above two types of bronze drums belong to different local powers, extensive communication existed regarding the boundary. A complex relationship of integration, separation, and confrontation existed among them, which was typical of ancient ethnic society.