Traditional Migration Research Articles

Managing Large-Scale Internal Platform Evolution: AI-Assisted Tools and Techniques for Enterprise Engineering Teams

As software organizations scale, the migration of internal platforms becomes increasingly critical yet exponentially more complex than traditional external platform migrations. This paper presents a comprehensive framework for managing large-scale internal platform migrations, addressing the unique challenges of transitioning business-critical systems used by thousands of engineers. We explore how organizational scale fundamentally transforms the nature of platform migration, requiring sophisticated approaches to maintain business continuity while preserving organization-specific workflows. The paper presents a comprehensive framework for approaching architectural design, development methodology, and migration execution, emphasizing the crucial role of automation and tooling infrastructure. We discuss the emerging role of AI in augmenting traditional migration approaches while maintaining the strict reliability requirements of internal platforms. By examining these various aspects of platform migration, we provide technical leaders with actionable frameworks for evolving critical internal infrastructure at scale. The paper demonstrates that successful internal platform migrations require a carefully orchestrated approach that balances standardization with organizational specificity, supported by comprehensive tooling and validation frameworks.

Image-domain least-squares imaging in an elastic vertically transversely isotropic medium: Multiparameter point-spread function deconvolution

By solving a linear inverse problem, least-squares migration (LSM) can provide higher-precision images of complex subsurface structures than traditional adjoint-operator-based migration. LSM can be conducted in the data domain and the image domain (IDLSM). IDLSM in acoustic media has been extensively studied, commonly using single-parameter point-spread function (PSF) deconvolution. For high-accuracy imaging of complex media, we develop an image-domain elastic least-squares imaging method using multiparameter PSF deconvolution for vertically transversely isotropic (VTI) media. The multiparameter PSFs, including P-P, P-S, S-P, and S-S components, are calculated on a sparse grid using elastic VTI wave equation Born modeling and migration. The traditional migration result is then decomposed into individual local results, each corresponding to the size of a single PSF, through unit partitioning. Finally, a set of filters is derived from four elastic VTI PSF components to approximate the Hessian inverse, which are subsequently assembled to reconstruct an entire deconvolved image. The numerical experiments confirm that our method can significantly decrease multiparameter crosstalk artifacts and improve spatial resolution and amplitude fidelity.

Field application of near-borehole fracture acoustic imaging using a three-dimensional scanning inversion method

Borehole acoustic remote imaging can help identify and evaluate abnormal geological bodies within tens of meters of a well, which has a very important application prospect in fracture imaging. Compared to the borehole mode wave, the echo amplitude from a near-borehole fracture is considerably small, and the currently used wave field separation method cannot completely filter the borehole mode wave. Due to the influence of the large amplitude of the remaining borehole mode wave, several artifacts are often produced near the well when using traditional migration imaging. Thus, imaging and characterizing near-borehole fractures via acoustic imaging becomes difficult. To overcome this, we propose a three-dimensional scanning inversion method that attenuates the effects of remaining refracted waves on borehole acoustic imaging. We then perform data processing and imaging of field-logging data based on this method, and multimode echoes are used to identify and evaluate fractures. Finally, a comparison of the inversion results of the borehole acoustic and borehole electrical imaging showed that the three-dimensional scanning inversion method can effectively attenuate the remaining refracted wave and better realize the clear imaging of near-borehole fractures. Different modes of echoes illuminate different areas of fractures near wells. Therefore, based on scattered S-waves, the proposed imaging method can effectively detect fractures that cross-cut a well. Moreover, based on multimode waves, the method can suppress artifacts and highlight the azimuth characteristics of near-borehole fractures. Using the proposed method, high-precision positioning and fine characterization of formation fractures in near and far wells can be achieved simultaneously. Further, near-borehole fracture parameters—such as tendency, dip, and depth—can be inverted, and the results are consistent with the inversion results obtained through borehole electrical imaging. Thus, the proposed method enables the quantitative evaluation of near-borehole fractures.

Looking for Lost Proficiency in East Polynesian Voyaging Traditions and Ethnology

ABSTRACT The lost proficiency hypothesis holds that ancient voyaging technology in East Polynesia was superior to that recorded historically. It provides an indispensable assumption for modern experimental voyaging and associated research, but its origins in traditional migration narratives and associated ethnology are uncertain. Inspection of Maori voyaging traditions, published between 1840 and 1970, implies lost proficiency in the supernatural abilities of ancestors but not in technological change, except by comparison with post-European contact evidence. Ethnological considerations extending to the late 18th century also indicate that no greater technical capability in ocean-going canoes existed before European arrival than was observed in the early decades afterwards. These results suggest that the early historical record of East Polynesian canoes might provide more useful information about ancient voyaging technology than the assumptions involved in current experimentation and simulation. They also underline the role of lost proficiency in the cultural politics of conjecture about ancient voyaging.

A longitudinal analysis of arrival infrastructures: The geographic pathways of EU labour migrants in the Netherlands

AbstractAlthough traditional migration research focuses predominantly on large cities as ports of entry for migrants, increasingly more migrants start in smaller cities and rural areas. These mobility patterns give access to specific arrival infrastructures with differentiated and often unequal opportunities. Current research has addressed the multiplicity and political nature of arrival infrastructures, but what happens after arrival remains a black box. By building on micro register data, this study employs a longitudinal approach to trace the trajectories of EU labour migrants in the Netherlands across time and space. Our findings indicate that among those who choose to remain in the Netherlands, internal migration is largely characterized by geographical immobility. When people did move to a different type of residential location, it was often to more urbanized places. As mostly migrants with a higher income made these moves, this strengthened the dualization of more precarious migrants in rural areas and more well‐off migrants in larger cities.

Adaptive focus beam migration method in visco-acoustic media

Abstract Owing to the prevalent viscosity in the subsurface medium, seismic waves experience amplitude attenuation effects during their propagation in visco-acoustic media. Therefore, it is crucial to develop a method that can compensate for wavelet amplitude attenuation and enhance imaging quality. In this paper, we derive an expression for corrected ray complex travel time by introducing the quality factor Q. Additionally, we modify the classical Gaussian beam propagation operator to an adaptive focus type propagation operator. Our research presents an adaptive focused beam migration imaging method specifically designed for viscous acoustic media, incorporating a combination of traditional Gaussian beam migration imaging methods. In comparison to traditional migration methods, the proposed approach achieves energy focusing along the phase axis and significantly improves imaging quality. The validity and effectiveness of our method are confirmed through the obtained imaging results.

From Odessa to “Little Odessa”: Migration of Food and Myth

Abstract National cuisine represents an important part of our identity. Being able to cook or eat familiar foods when living abroad becomes nearly as important as being able to use one’s mother tongue. This article discusses the phenomenon of Odessan cuisine both in Odessa and in Brighton Beach, Brooklyn, a Russian-speaking enclave where more than 10,000 ex-Soviet citizens, many of whom were Odessans. The aim of the study is to explore the migration of the Odessan culinary tradition, the gastropoetic aspect of Odessan food narration and the embodiment of the myth of Odessa in food discourse. The study analyses the websites, social media, the menus of two restaurants labelling themselves as Odessan, and the clients’ comments related to said restaurants. The gastropoetic aspect of Odessan culinary tradition is presented through examples from the literary works of Odessan authors.

Migration Processes in Austria: Features and Trends

The article deals with the current migration situation in the European Union with an emphasis on Austria. The article analyzes the key prerequisites and factors that caused demographic and social changes in Austrian society after World War II, contribute to the preservation of the migration attractiveness of the state at the current stage. The regulatory and legal instruments for regulating migration, including the stay and employment of foreign citizens, as well as the parameters of the functioning of integration mechanisms and ensuring national security against the background of the crisis events of 2015 are summarized. In the context of increasing external pressure on the European Union, Vienna's approaches to managing migration processes are analyzed, which are traditionally characterized by a tough position and often contrast with the official course of Brussels, especially with regard to the reception of refugees. Austrians, in order to prevent irregular cross–border movements of people and secondary migration, minimize threats to national security, actively interact with neighboring states and countries – migration donors. On the domestic political track, of particular interest is the situation associated with a new phenomenon – the mass arrival of Ukrainian refugees. This flow is qualitatively and quantitatively significantly different from traditional migration (gender, educational and social level, significant number of minors). Despite the rigidity of its migration policy, Austria is forced to quickly look for solutions to a complex of problems related to the accommodation and financing of the stay of immigrants from Ukraine, as well as to explain to its electorate the reasons for negative socio-economic changes in the conditions of the chosen foreign policy course. A side effect of providing broad social and legal guarantees to Ukrainians, along with a low level of integration into society, is the growing discontent of the titular population and migrants who arrived from other countries.

PBCLR: Prediction-based control-plane load reduction in a software-defined IoT network

The exponential growth of devices and applications in Internet of Things (IoT) networks has caused control-plane traffic to escalate. Experts have suggested Software-Defined Networking (SDN) as a solution for complicated IoT network management. Nevertheless, SDN encounters obstacles in managing the substantial control-plane traffic many IoT devices produce. Prior findings have identified the dynamic switch migration technique as a viable solution for control plane load oscillation. However, their tendency to migrate switches during instances of controller overload restricts the efficiency of traditional migration strategies. As a result, these approaches lead to inefficiencies in the switch migration process, resulting in elevated latency. The present study introduces a prediction-based novel approach for mitigating the control-plane workload by leveraging the dynamic switch migration technique. The proposed method proactively and predictively migrates the switches anticipated to generate excessive control-plane traffic to an alternative controller. We use the learning technique along with time-series analysis to predict the future workload based on the historical control-plane traffic data. The proposed methodology is evaluated through simulation and the results demonstrate that the proposed method outperforms conventional techniques in enhancing load balancing efficacy on a distributed control plane and decreasing migration cost and controller response time by 30.6% on average.

THE MIGRATION OF THE POPULATION OF UKRAINE DUE TO A FOREIGN INVASION

The Russian invasion of Ukraine in February 2022 led to the mass displacement of the Ukrainian population. It is estimated that more than 14 million people were forced to leave their homes, including nearly 8 million people, primarily women and children, who went abroad. The analysis of the dynamics, directions, and composition of forced migration flows from Ukraine abroad is the focus of this article. Based on the available statistical and sociological data, the author identifies the patterns of the current migration process and its principal characteristics. Traditional migration channels, in particular the inclusion of Ukraine in the European migration system as one of the elements of the country’s European integration, are taken into account when examining the decision-making process, the choice of destination, and the plans of displaced persons for the future.
 The current situation does not enable predictions regarding whether displaced persons will remain in their destinations, return home, or migrate further within the country or abroad. Despite this lack of clarity, it can be assumed that the number of international migrants from Ukraine will increase for security and economic reasons. The intensification of migration will occur due to the non-repatriation of portions of refugee populations and the growth of temporary labor migration abroad, which may become a vital strategy among Ukrainians to overcome the consequences of war, accumulate funds to rebuild destroyed housing, and compensate for lost property.
 As migrants from Ukraine are typically working age, active, and educated people, the outflow of them can significantly complicate and decelerate the post-war reconstruction of the country. Therefore, creating conditions for the return of refugees and internally displaced persons (IDPs) should be the central task of the state as well as the crucial subject of cooperation between Ukraine and the host countries.

Trading Nontradables: The Implications of Europe’s Job-Posting Policy

Abstract This article examines the labor market implications of the EU posting policy, a large temporary migration program facilitated by the liberalization of the free provision of services in Europe. Posting allows EU firms to send (post) their employees abroad to export customer-facing services. Combining administrative data and quasi-experimental policy variation, I find that the policy permanently increased total factor mobility in Europe without crowding out traditional migration. This result suggests that unrealized gains from trade in factor services remained despite the absence of regulatory barriers to trade and migration in the EU. Furthermore, posted workers are mostly sent from low-wage countries to perform manual tasks in sectors formerly insulated from trade, and they represent a substantial share of EU migrant workers. In receiving countries, posting had persistent negative effects on employment for domestic workers in the more exposed sectors and local labor markets, but it had no effects on domestic wages. In low-wage sending countries, firms in formerly “nontradable” sectors experienced increased sales, profits, and tax payments when exporting services through posting. Posted workers earn more once sent abroad but remain paid at lower wages than comparable domestic workers in the receiving country. Wage gains for posted workers are mostly explained by minimum wages enforced by the EU policy, highlighting the role of labor market regulations in shaping the way gains from globalization are shared between labor and capital owners in origin countries.

Growth in High-Skilled Mexican Migration Northward: American and Canadian Destinations

As migration of university-educated Mexicans to both the United States and Canada has begun to increase, the greater opportunities Canada’s expanding points-based selection system offers for the highly skilled to become permanent residents highlights a question: which factors may induce high-skilled Mexicans to prefer Canadian destinations versus American? Using traditional migration theories to frame interviews with a volunteer sample of 40 young university-educated Mexicans, this study confirms that reasons of proximity, climate, and culture often favor American destinations, while reasons of social acceptance, social welfare, and personal security favor Canadian. Importantly, urban-specific preferences matter. Those factors favoring U.S. destinations in general lead many to prefer southern-tier U.S. cities traditional for less-skilled Mexican migration. Those considering northern U.S. cities often prefer a Canadian choice. Canadian competitiveness in the northern urban market suggests that increased awareness of Canadian immigration opportunities could significantly boost skilled Mexican migration to Canada.

Parametric scatterer extraction method for space‐target inverse synthetic aperture radar image CLEAN

AbstractOwing to the time variance of the inverse synthetic aperture radar (ISAR) imaging plane of space targets, scatterers with large heights relative to the imaging plane migrate through several Doppler cells. This defocussing in the azimuth direction of each scatterer cannot be compensated via the traditional migration through the resolution cell (MTRC) compensation method because the height of each scatterer is quite different and independently distributed in the ISAR image. In this study, a parametric azimuth‐defocussing model‐based CLEAN method is proposed for the space‐target ISAR image. First, high‐order defocus parameters and their influences on the image of space targets were analysed at different arc segments. Subsequently, a mathematical azimuth‐defocussing expression of the ISAR image scatterers was derived after MTRC and azimuth high‐order phase compensation, and an approximate defocus expression based on the Fresnel integral was provided for computational efficiency. This model can estimate the complex amplitude, coordinates and defocus parameters of each scatterer in the image domain by applying a sequential quadratic programing algorithm. Finally, the validity and stability of the proposed algorithm for the isolated and coupled scatterer extraction were verified at different signal‐to‐noise ratios, and different defocus parameters were verified through simulations.

A New Methodology Combining Geophysical Calculations and Geological Analysis to Identify and Characterize Carrier Systems for Vertical Hydrocarbon Migration in the Central Diapir Zone of the Yinggehai Basin, China

To understand hydrocarbon migration in terms of the mechanisms, accumulations and exploration targets, it is essential to correctly identify and characterize the carrier systems that control fluid-migration history and oil/gas reservoir formation. The Yinggehai Basin in China is an important area for natural gas exploration and production. However, due to the argillaceous sand sedimentary environment and the absence of faults from the Neogene thermal subsidence period, traditional migration pathways are absent in the Yinggehai Basin, posing significant challenges to target evaluation in this area. Exploration shows that most of the existing gas reservoirs are associated with vertical migration. In this work, coherence cube and curvature seismic techniques are used in the central diapir zone of the Yinggehai Basin to identify diapir-associated fractures and regional stress. Together with geological analysis, two categories of carrier system are discussed in detail to explain the complex migration and accumulation patterns that have puzzled the area. Diapirs have five evolutionary phases, i.e., pressurization, piercing, equilibrium, release and collapse, which have different fracture development patterns, leading to different mechanisms of hydrocarbon migration and accumulation. The carbon isotopes of gaseous hydrocarbons in DF shallow layers and mid-deep layers have an inverted order distribution, indicating mixed accumulation with different maturity, whereas in the mid-deep layers of the diapir-affected areas, there is a single accumulation with low maturity. Early diapiric activity allowed the natural gas produced from deep source rocks to migrate upward along the diapiric carrier system and accumulate in suitable traps to form gas reservoirs. For regional-stress related fractures, the gradual loss of overpressure and fluids from deep to shallow in high-pressure fractures results in the gas accumulation time of deep traps in the regional stress-related carrier system being relatively late and the gas accumulation time of shallow traps being relatively early.

Least-Squares Kirchhoff Depth Migration With Fast Point-Spread-Function Computation

Seismic migrations are generally formulated as the adjoint operators of linear forward modeling and often lead to images with degraded resolution, unbalanced illumination and migration artifacts, especially in surveys with geologic complexity and irregular acquisition geometry. Least-squares migration (LSM) is able to mitigate these problems and produce better resolved images that are suitable for subsequent AVO/AVA inversion. However, no matter what domain LSM is implemented in, the computational cost is still several times or even one order of magnitude more than that of traditional migration. In this paper, we present an efficient image-domain least-square Kirchhoff depth migration (LSKDM), in which the Hessian matrix is approximated by a grid of point-spread-functions (PSFs). Traditional PSF computing algorithm requires a non-negligible cost caused by a successive operation of modeling and migration, and has to satisfy a sampling restriction to avoid interference between nearby PSFs. We present in this paper that, by using the ray-based Green’s functions and the linear traveltime approximation, the PSFs can be constructed explicitly at a significantly reduced computational cost and is able to adapt flexible spatial sampling that is fine enough to detect small-scale illumination variation. With the constructed PSFs, we formulate an image-domain LSKDM to iteratively solve for the optimal reflectivities. Numerical tests on synthetic and field data examples demonstrate that the proposed LSKDM is highly efficient and is capable of producing images with enhanced spatial resolution and amplitude fidelity when compared with the Kirchhoff depth migration (KDM) image.

Internal migration in India: Trends, relationship with MGNREGA and policies

People do migrate from one place to another for various socio economic or non-economic reasons. Census 2011 found 450 million people in India are migrants, a sharp increase of 45% from the previous census. The government of India launched MGNREGA (Mahatma Gandhi National Rural Employment Guarantee Act) in 2005 to arrest out migration of unskilled landless labor force from the rural areas to urban areas by ensuring them 100 days of wage employment within their own areas. This paper actually reviews the trends and characters of internal migration in India and found that the migration is intrastate in nature and marriage is still the key reason behind it. MGNREGA couldn’t become an alternative of traditional migration from rural to urban areas in India till now. While comparing among Indian states regarding their policies towards migrants by using Interstate Migrant Policy Index (IMPEX) score of 2019, this paper found Kerala in the top of the list followed by Goa and Rajasthan.

How academic performance influences social integration: The moderation effect of cultural distance among Chinese cross-borderers.

BackgroundInternal migration or cross‐border migration differs from traditional migration. The influence of academic performance on social integration among migration or cross‐border student groups has drawn attention.MethodA survey collected data from cross‐border students in Mainland China.The sample included 616 university students (bachelor's, master's, and doctoral students) coming from Hong Kong studying in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province.ResultsThe moderating effect of cultural distance in the relationship between academic performance and social integration was significantly negative (β = –0.081, p < 0.05). The effect of academic performance on social integration was significantly positive (β = .104, p < .05). Length of time studying in the Mainland, social status, entrance exam score (which might affect the current academic performance), and acquiescence are as the control variable in examining the role of cultural distance in the effect of academic performance on social integration. This result embodies the functionalist theory.ConclusionThe host society is the structural whole requiring the function of social integration, whereas education is the structural component fulfilling the function. When cultural distance is large, the function of education for social integration decreases. The practical implication for enhancing social integration is relieving or bridging the distance.

Understanding Intercity Mobility Patterns in Rapidly Urbanizing China, 2015–2019: Evidence from Longitudinal Poisson Gravity Modeling

Whereas much academic effort has been devoted to the physics and geographies of daily intraregion individual movements using new big data on human locations, systematic econometric modeling of the spatiotemporal logic of periodic interregional mobility has received limited attention. Using a multiyear, location-based service data set of daily intercity mobility from the Internet company Tencent, this study systematically examines China’s intercity mobility patterns between 2015 and 2019 for the first time. Following a conceptual framework, a Poisson pseudo-maximum likelihood estimation (PPML) gravity approach is applied. It reveals a stable “diamond” pattern of high-value mobility flows among the four vertexes of Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou/Shenzhen, and Chengdu, embedding radiation patterns of flows connecting some large cities to their neighbors. The econometric results indicate the influence of gravity factors, short-term trips, long-term mobility tendencies, and transportation facilities. Factors of origin and destination exert the same effects on mobility, implying a circulation character. Results of subsample heterogeneity analysis (urban agglomerations vs. nonurban agglomerations, larger cities vs. smaller cities) and the moderating effects of time, distance, and economy are discussed. Our findings reveal differences between intercity mobility and traditional migration under the hukou system and propose implications for urban governance in the postepidemic era.

Climate migration, resilience and adaptation in the Anthropocene: Insights from the migrating Frafra to Southern Ghana

Climate-induced indigenous migration has become a radical adaptation vision in the Anthropocene. The article focuses on the problematic of representation of indigenous traditional knowledge and imagination in the Anthropocene, in Frafra ethnic group especially. The article does so by critically examining how indigenous traditional knowledge politicise anthropogenic climate change and migration conceived as a struggle between regimes of governing. It analyses alternative approaches to adaptation and resilience, from the Western scientific knowledge and modernist ontologies, often relying on the engagement of local communities, actively produced through the possibility of the existence of multiplicity in the sense of contemporaneous plurality, understood as a relational outcome and contingent relation. I argue that indigenous traditional knowledge approaches to resilience and adaptation in the Anthropocene disrupt, contest and subvert modernist discourses of climate-induced migration. It is suggested that contemporary discourses of resilience and adaptation appear to be drawing to a close as it lacks an adequate agential, transformative and also opening up alternative possibilities.

Animation Costume Style Migration Based on CycleGAN

The traditional style migration of animation costumes is mainly performed between two paired animation costumes. However, the generalization ability is weak, and the migration effect is not good when the gap between the training and testing costumes is large. To address the above problems, this paper proposes a style migration method for animated costumes combining full convolutional network (FCN) and CycleGAN, which enables the instance style migration between animated costumes with specific targets. It is also verified that the training dataset is not the factor that causes the poor style migration of CycleGAN. The experiments demonstrate that the animation costume style migration method combining full convolutional network and CycleGAN increases the recognition ability and can achieve the local style migration of the animation costume while maintaining the integrity of the rest of the elements, and compared with CycleGAN, the method can effectively suppress the style migration in areas outside the target.