Traditional Governance Structures Research Articles

Clash of Titans: Exploring the Contested Issues between Chiefs and Local Government Authorities in New Juaben, Ghana

Though post-colonial governments vowed to ban chiefs, they reconstructed governance systems to accommodate traditional governance structures due to the primacy of the institution. Chiefs and local government authorities have instrumental roles to play in community development. However, the relationship between them is characterised by tensions and conflicts. The hostilities between the two stakeholders and by extension officials of modern government are due to the role chiefs played in the indirect rule system. Chiefs prior to independence were labelled as collaborators of the imperial regime and obstacles to independence. In Ghana, agitations from the educated elites about allegations of corruption against Native Authorities characterised the pre-independence era. Chiefs have been debarred from local governance, creating a tempestuous relationship between the two stakeholders at the grassroots. However, the contested issues have not been given the needed attention. The article examined the contested issues between chiefs and local government authorities in New Juaben, Ghana. The study involved 25 participants selected through simple random and purposive sampling techniques. The contested issues between the two actors were over power and economic resources. Economically, chiefs contested for portions of the District Assembly Common Fund and land ownership. The desire for consultation in the nomination of government appointees, and election of MMDCEs were the politically contested issues. The article recommends the institutional representation of chiefs in the Assembly and the allocation of funds to chiefs to curtail the conflict between the two actors of community development.

Opportunities for the use of artificial intelligence in supply chain management

Aim. To evaluate the potential of generative artificial intelligence technology in the context of supply chain management.Objectives. To analyze how artificial intelligence is changing traditional management practices and structures in supply chain management; to identify fundamental shifts brought about by AI, including automation, data-driven decision making, and human empowerment; to examine current statistics on the effectiveness of artificial intelligence in management processes and conclude the potential, promise of this technology in the logistics industry; to provide strategic insight and practicalMethods. The research combines qualitative and quantitative methods to provide a deeper understanding of the problems considered. Based on these methods, an array of relevant statistical data and expert opinions in the field of generative artificial intelligence has been studied.Results. In today’s business environment, supply chains face a number of challenges: globalization, market volatility, changing customer expectations, and force majeure (natural disasters, pandemics, or wars). To meet these challenges and strengthen their market position, companies are increasingly turning to new technologies and innovations. These technologies have the potential to revolutionize the approach to supply chain management, increasing transparency, efficiency and responsiveness. All emerging technologies, from artificial intelligence and blockchain to the Internet of Things (IoT) and robotics, potentially offer opportunities to streamline operations, improve decision-making, and enhance supply chain collaboration.Conclusions. In this article, the authors have shown how artificial intelligence is changing traditional governance structures in supply chain management. Current statistical data on the effectiveness of artificial intelligence in management processes are analyzed, and a conclusion is made about the potential and prospects of this technology in the logistics sphere. Strategic understanding is formed and practical recommendations for organizations seeking to implement new tools of generative artificial intelligence are given.

Token-based platform governance

We develop a model to compare the governance of traditional shareholder-owned platforms to that of platforms that issue tokens. A traditional shareholder governance structure leads a platform to extract rents from its users. A platform that issues tokens for its services can mitigate this rent extraction, as rent extraction lowers the platform owners’ token seigniorage revenues. However, this mitigation from issuing “service tokens” is effective only if the platform can commit itself not to dilute the “service token” subsequently. Issuing “hybrid tokens” that bundle claims on the platform’s services and its profits enhances efficiency even absent ex-ante commitment power. Finally, giving users the right to vote on platform policies, by contrast, redistributes surplus but does not necessarily enhance efficiency.

Population Growth and Resource Scarcity: Implications for Conflict and Cooperation in Taraba State, Nigeria

Population growth has profound effects on resource availability and social dynamics in many regions across the globe. In Taraba State, Nigeria, the rapid increase in population has intensified resource scarcity, leading to heightened conflicts among communities, particularly those reliant on land and water for their livelihoods. This study examines how population growth intersects with resource depletion, conflict, and cooperation in Taraba State. A mixed-methods approach was employed, involving the analysis of questionnaire data from 294 respondents and qualitative insights from interviews with 10 local leaders, agriculturalists, and herders. The findings reveal that population growth significantly exacerbates the depletion of essential resources, such as land and water, with 72.8% of respondents indicating that population increases directly impact resource availability. This scarcity has led to a 78.3% occurrence of conflicts in areas experiencing severe resource depletion. The study also shows that resource scarcity forces communities into competition, often escalating tensions into violent disputes. However, the research accentuates the critical role of traditional governance structures, which were acknowledged by 64.3% of the respondents as key to fostering cooperation and mitigating conflicts in the state. The study concludes that integrating traditional governance systems with formal frameworks is essential for sustainable resource management and conflict reduction in Taraba State. Policymakers should prioritize these strategies to address the challenges posed by rapid population growth and resource scarcity, ensuring the long-term stability and well-being of communities in the state.

Pushing health data access boundaries - adapting NHS governance for 3 challenges: clinical free-text, safe commercial access and AI development

This presentation will demonstrate expansions to TRE governance frameworks developed to facilitate safe data access in three advanced areas: commercial access, clinical free-text, and innovation with AI/Machine Learning. NHS research governance frameworks - originally set up for clinical trials and expanded into the TRE and secondary data use space – are not an immediate fit for advanced techniques in data science research. Over 2 years, public, expert and user engagement approaches were utilised to support developing frameworks within DataLoch, a Health and Social Care TRE and data access service in South-East Scotland. Surveys, workshops and continuous user and data controller feedback allowed the testing of tools and assessments to adapt traditional NHS governance structures. These frameworks utilise the Five Safes framework to make NHS data controllers supportive of innovative research in the public and health service’s benefit. The presentation will summarise the challenges faced for one TRE and researchers working to support these areas, and the frameworks that are now are being tested within an NHS Scotland Health Board. The development and implementation demonstrates that governance structures can be adapted collaboratively and paves the way for more flexible TRE governance to allow the use of NHS patient data to remain legally and ethically robust while supporting advanced techniques of analysis.

IMPACT OF BRITISH COLONIALISM ON THE ỌDIONWERE CONFLICT MANAGEMENT INSTITUTION IN BENIN KINGDOM, NIGERIA

This study examines the profound impact of British colonialism on the Odionwere conflict management institution in Benin Kingdom, Nigeria. Before the colonial intervention, the Odionwere played a crucial role in resolving disputes and maintaining social harmony within the community. However, the advent of British colonial rule in the late 19th century significantly changed traditional governance structures. The imposition of indirect rule by the British colonial administrators altered the Benin Kingdom’s power dynamics, marginalizing the Odionwere’s authority. The establishment of colonial courts and the introduction of Western legal systems further undermined the traditional conflict resolution mechanisms. This study explores how the Odionwere, once central to dispute resolution, experienced a decline in influence and autonomy as colonial policies reshaped the socio-political landscape. By meticulously analyzing archival documents, oral histories, and ethnographic data, this research contributes to understanding the intricate interplay between colonialism and Indigenous institutions, shedding light on the lasting repercussions of colonial policies on local governance structures and conflict resolution practices in the Benin Kingdom.

Navigating role identity tensions — IT project managers’ identity work in agile information systems development

ABSTRACT While the management of traditional, plan-based information systems development (ISD) projects lies with the information technology project manager (ITPM), this role is challenged in agile ISD team settings, characterised by self-managed and autonomous teams. Driven by the potential for individual, project, and organisational benefits through a deeper comprehension of these challenges, our study draws upon role identity theories to uncover identity tensions that this role creates and ways in which ITPMs engage in identity work to resolve these tensions. We conducted an in-depth, qualitative study involving interviews with ITPMs operating within agile ISD teams embedded in traditionally-managed organisations. A central contribution of our paper lies in the development of a theoretical model that unpacks how ITPMs navigate identity work tensions by engaging in specific identity work activities. By revealing the interplay between ITPMs’ role identity tensions, identity work activities, and contextual factors, our study moves beyond purely descriptive accounts and offers a nuanced understanding of the emotional and behavioural dimensions of ITPMs in their liminal position. Additionally, our work underscores the pivotal role of ITPMs as boundary spanners, bridging the gap between traditional and agile governance structures to drive digital transformation. For practitioners, we provide agile ISD team design recommendations.

Performance of Governance by ABC Mosque Management: A Case Study of Historic Jami' Mosques in the Special Region of Yogyakarta

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to gain a better understanding of mosque management practices from the perspective of stewardship theory. This research discusses the governance of routine and incidental activities that mosque management organizes. Methodology: This research uses a qualitative approach with a case study research design. The qualitative approach is used to gain an in-depth understanding of the phenomenon under study. In contrast, the case study design allows researchers to develop an in-depth analysis of the events that occur. Data were collected through in-depth interviews, observation, and document analysis. This research was conducted at two mosques in the Special Region of Yogyakarta, with the research subjects including mosque management (takmir). Findings: The research examined the management practices of Masjid ABC and found that it follows a traditional and simple governance structure. Applying stewardship theory is crucial to clarifying the dynamics of mosque fund management. Novelty: This research uses the stewardship theory perspective to see the resilience of traditional mosque management in maintaining its commitment to the congregation.

Governance Models in Higher Education: Comparative Analysis Under the New Education Policy in India

Abstract The New Education Policy (NEP) 2020 marks a significant shift in the governance of higher education in India, aiming to transform the sector to better meet the needs of a modern, knowledge-driven economy. This research paper provides a comparative analysis of various governance models in higher education, focusing on their applicability, effectiveness, and alignment with the NEP 2020. By examining traditional and contemporary governance structures, this paper explores how different models can facilitate the objectives of the NEP, including greater autonomy, enhanced accountability, and improved quality of education.

Between Maroon Tradition and State Law in Jamaica: A Case Study of Challenges to Environmental Governance in a UNESCO World Heritage Site

In the quest for effective environmental governance, the integration of legal and cultural pluralism within conservation strategies emerges as a critical factor, especially in regions marked by rich ethnic diversity and complex historical legacies. This paper explores the symbiotic relationship between state conservation efforts and the engagement of local communities, with a particular focus on the Indigenous Maroon communities in the Blue and John Crow Mountains (BJCMs) of Jamaica. It underscores the imperative of aligning conservation objectives with the aspirations and traditional practices of these communities to foster sustainable ecosystems and safeguard Indigenous autonomy. Central to this discourse is the development of collaborative frameworks that respect and incorporate the legal and cultural dimensions of pluralism, thereby facilitating a co-managed approach to environmental stewardship. This study emphasizes the role of collaboration and trust as pivotal elements in cultivating a mutual understanding of the interdependencies between state law and Indigenous law. This research advocates for a reciprocal exchange of knowledge between the state and community members, aiming to empower the latter with the resources necessary for effective environmental protection while respecting their legal autonomy. This approach not only enhances conservation initiatives overall, but also ensures that these efforts are informed by the rich cultural heritage and traditional ecological knowledge of the Maroon communities. By examining the conservation practices and governance challenges faced by the Maroons in the BJCMs, this paper reveals the nuanced dynamics of implementing state-led conservation laws in areas characterized by cultural and legal pluralism. The findings highlight the necessity for state regulatory frameworks to enable collaborative governance models that complement, rather than undermine, the traditional governance structures of the Maroons. This research contributes to the broader discourse on environmental governance by illustrating the potential of culturally informed conservation strategies to address environmental threats while respecting and reinforcing the social fabric of Indigenous communities.

Sustainable Indigenous Governance: Catalysts for Economic Development in India

In India we have too many different communities with vast tradition and culture. In order to enhance their own way of life we have to protect the indigenous nature of governance. The idea of indigenous governance for economic development in India combines traditional knowledge and governance structures with modern development strategies. This model of indigenous governance is based on the central role of community-led initiatives, practices and management to promote sustainable economic growth. This research paper aims to make a correlation between indigenous governance and economic development. This paper also advocates a top-down approach to prioritizes the aspirations, needs and values of indigenous communities, to ensure their active participation in decision-making processes. This indigenous governance model is important to rethink development paradigms and make them more inclusive and equitable. By following this indigenous governance and leadership models, our country can find the way for a development strategy that is not only economically valuable but also socially and environmentally sustainable. India can harness the potential of its diverse cultures for inclusive and sustainable economic development by creating an enabling political environment that respects and takes into account indigenous governance systems. The principle of self-determination is a key to this indigenous model, which can allow different communities to follow their own development paths in accordance with their cultural heritage and environmental protection. To improve the economic well-being of indigenous peoples and to preserve their natural resources, cultural identity and traditional knowledge for future generations, the government should follow the indigenous approach of governance.

The power of implicit political capital on companies’ entry barriers

The paper distinguishes the political capital of private enterprises into three types, in terms of the political identity of entrepreneurs, partial state ownership, and government background of entrepreneurship. The first two are classified as explicit political capital, while the third is called implicit political capital. We investigated how political capital, the institutional environment, and access to protected industries intersect within private sector enterprises (PSEs). The data sample from 2011 to 2018 of listed private companies in China is employed. Firstly, the findings indicate political capital significantly enhances access to protected industries for PSEs. Second, implicit political capital shows a strong impact, while the effects of partial state ownership and entrepreneurs’ political identity are weak. Third, explicit political capital weakens the effect on access to protected industries, while implicit political capital still holds significant influence under the improvement of institutional environments. It reveals the situation under the imperfect environment of the market economic system and legal system in China. To be explicit, the concept of ruling by man or power is deeply rooted in the traditional Chinese social governance and social structure model. Therefore, there is enormous room for implicit political capital to function.

INTERDISCIPLINARY INSIGHTS INTO SYARIAH AND LEGAL DISCOURSE: NAVIGATING CRITICAL DIMENSIONS, CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES, AND GLOBAL IMPACT

The Malaysian Journal of Syariah and Law (MJSL) Volume 11, Issue 2 for 2023, presents a diverse collection of sixteen articles that explore various dimensions of Syariah and Law. This issue features sixteen diverse articles traversing critical dimensions within the domains of Syariah and Law. The illuminating scholarship inquiries into conflicts surrounding land development legislation in Malaysia as a case study, intersections between self-determination and terrorism under international law, innovative Islamic financing mechanisms, preventative health policies in religious institutions, issues impacting the elderly, variations in Shariah governance models, dynamics shaping traditional governance structures, legal and political considerations around foreign investments, extremism affecting the Islamic community and ethical foundations guiding the Islamic finance industry. The Commentaries section discusses specific issues within the focus towards leveraging Islamic finance principles for poverty alleviation, the constitutionality of Section 498 of the Penal Code at the intersection of Islamic teachings, personal law, and morality in Malaysia and emerging technologies to transform intellectual property security. Collectively, these articles underscore MJSL’s emergence as a leading platform for discourse surrounding Islamic jurisprudence, legislation, finance, ethics and contemporary challenges at the intersection of syariah and law. These articles collectively contribute to a global perspective on legal discourse, reflecting MJSL's commitment to high editorial standards and impactful research dissemination. The inclusion of MJSL in Scopus beginning in July 2023, with content retrospective to 2019, signifies a significant milestone that emphasizes the journal's worldwide significance and dedication to academic distinction.

From the public to the private: mapping women’s formal and informal participation in peacebuilding in Mali

Abstract How do women navigate traditional and informal governance structures to influence matters of communal peace and security? We leverage focus group discussions with around 180 participants and 10 key informant interviews from five different villages in the Ségou region to provide a case study of women’s contributions to peacebuilding in Central Mali. Our research aims to understand which women are able to influence communal dynamics regarding peace and security in Mali and assess which identities and relationships women leverage as they seek to influence these dynamics. One of our key findings underscores the obvious: women are not a homogenous demographic; other facets of their identity shape what roles they can play in conflict management and what appeals they can make in doing so. We find compelling evidence that women’s age, lineage, and their position in the home affect their degree of influence. We find that women are adept at leveraging customary governance mechanisms and their interpersonal networks to exercise influence. Overall, our findings point to the importance of an intersectional analysis, as well as a focus on informal and customary avenues of influence when considering women’s involvement in matters of communal peace and security.

Conceptual framework on the continuum of change in governance structures from the perspective of member control and the life cycle of agricultural cooperatives

Given the models of traditional, extended traditional, management, and corporate governance structures, this theoretical essay aims to present a conceptual framework that integrates the member control and life cycle perspectives of agricultural cooperative organizations. Starting from the continuum of changes, it is proposed that in phase 1 member control is total and is combined with the economic justification of the life cycle. In phase 2 the control is of quasi-integration and is combined with the organizational design stage of the life cycle. In phase 3 there is the separation of membership control and the life cycle goes through the stages of growth, glory, and heterogeneity. In phase 4 the control of the associates is delegated and combined with the stages of recognition and introspection. In phase 5, member control remains delegated and the life cycle reaches the stage of choice, eventually reaching the demutualization of the cooperative (phase 6).

The Role of Customary Law in Natural Resource Management: A Comparative Study between Indonesia and Australia

Natural resource management is crucial for sustainable development, especially in regions abundant in biodiversity and natural assets. Nations worldwide face the challenge of managing their resources effectively while promoting economic growth, social justice, and environmental conservation. Customary law plays a significant role in resource governance, particularly in countries like Indonesia and Australia, where indigenous communities have deep-rooted connections to the land and its resources. This comparative study explores the role of customary law in natural resource management in Indonesia and Australia. Both countries possess diverse ecosystems and substantial indigenous populations, offering valuable insights into the interaction between customary and state legal systems in resource governance. In Indonesia, customary law, known as adat, influences resource management practices, albeit with variations in recognition and integration into formal legal frameworks. Conversely, in Australia, the colonization process has disrupted traditional governance structures, leading to ongoing struggles for indigenous rights and recognition. By examining case studies, legal frameworks, and policy initiatives in both countries, this study aims to identify challenges and opportunities for integrating customary law into broader governance frameworks and promoting more equitable and sustainable resource management practices. Additionally, this comparative analysis contributes to scholarly debates on the role of customary law in contemporary legal systems and its implications for environmental governance, indigenous rights, and social justice. Interdisciplinary perspectives from legal studies, anthropology, environmental science, and development studies offer valuable insights for policymakers, practitioners, and indigenous communities striving for more inclusive and effective resource management approaches.

Türkiye Küresel Rekabetçi Kentlerde Kentsel Yönetim: Kent Hakki Perspektifi Üzerinde Bir Araştırma

Today, the city's values, representation, and reinforcing through the participatory process are turned into an eye by the principle of “governance”. The right to city one of the indicators is represented with the lens of it. On the other hand, the global city concept is strongly connected with fundamental shifts from traditional government structures to a modern governance mode. This study has focused on the theoretical context of urban governance, linkage with urban governance, right to the city and new urban policy, and its application according to the perspective of new urban politics. Application has been viewed from Turkish global competitive city perspectives by highlighting different indexes. The study found that Turkish cities should improve their public participation practices to strengthen their position for global competition. People-based policies should be strengthened and regulated to better fight in the arena of new urban politics; and bottom-up policies can play an effective role in ensuring right to the city.

Conflicts between traditional and modern governance structures in Irish seaweed harvesting

ABSTRACT The Maritime Spatial Planning Directive (2014/89/EU) required European Union member states to finalise Marine Spatial Plans by 2021. These efforts have created new forums for considering synergies and conflicts around blue growth objectives at both national and local scales, but in many cases have consolidated management action at European or national levels. These nationalised MSP actions can conflict with the path dependence (legacy effects) of traditional industries. The preparation and publication of Ireland's National Marine Planning Framework (NMPF) provides rich examples of how the legacy effects of traditional rights of access and withdrawal can both inform and complicate planning goals. This research describes these interactions in the context of Ireland's seaweed sector. Efforts to equitably expand and manage Ireland's seaweed resource are hampered by controversy in the licensing of seaweed harvesting. Interviews with seaweed harvesting stakeholders were analysed using modified grounded theory, supplemented with critical analyses of the NMPF. Interviews made clear a longstanding and successful path dependence of community management of the Ireland's seaweed resource. However, national blue growth targets may conflict with local management traditions, alienating goal dependence between institutions and actors. These conflicts are exacerbated by national and exclusionary definitions of seaweed ownership. This work reveals conflicts between top-down management and local traditions of seaweed harvesting and provides recommendations as to how Irish legislation could prevent actor alienation from the management process by considering path dependence in management decisions and cultivating interdependent relationships to ensure seaweed harvester rights are respected in management plans.

Ethics challenges in sharing data from pragmatic clinical trials.

Numerous arguments have been advanced for broadly sharing de-identified, participant-level clinical trials data, and trial sponsors and journals are increasingly requiring it. However, data sharing in pragmatic clinical trials presents ethical challenges related to the use of waivers or alterations of informed consent for some pragmatic clinical trials and corresponding limitations of informed consent to guide sharing decisions; the potential for data sharing in pragmatic clinical trials to present risks not only for individual patient-subjects, but also for health systems and the clinicians within them; sharing of data from electronic health records instead of data newly collected for research purposes; and researchers' limited capacity to control sensitive data within an electronic health record and potential implications of such limits for meeting obligations inherent to Certificates of Confidentiality. These challenges raise questions about the extent to which traditional research ethics governance structures are capable of guiding decisions about pragmatic clinical trial data sharing. This article identifies and examines these ethical challenges for pragmatic clinical trial data sharing. We suggest several areas for future empirical scholarship, including the need to identify patient and public attitudes regarding pragmatic clinical trial data sharing as well as to assess the demand for pragmatic clinical trial data and the correspondingly likely benefit of such sharing. Further conceptual work is also needed to explore how requirements to respect patient-subjects about whom data are shared in the context of pragmatic clinical trials should be understood, particularly in the absence of informed consent for initial research activities, and the appropriate balance between promoting the generation of socially valuable knowledge and respecting autonomy.

When a Ban Is Not a Ban: Institutional Work and the Russian Doping Scandal

There are fewer cases of such blatant acts to defy and subsequent heroic efforts to rearrange institutional norms than the Russian doping scandal. In adopting a neo-institutional perspective, the authors theorize the scandal as a case of attempted but failed institutional disruption. More specifically, the authors draw upon the institutional change literature and the institutional work perspective to explain the key events surrounding actors’ response to the scandal. The analysis utilized Gioia’s methodological approach to examine secondary empirical data. Findings reveal how stakeholders circumvented traditional governance structures in an attempt to disrupt institutional arrangements, but despite this, much of the preexisting institutional infrastructure has remained intact. The authors explain this outcome, in part, as a consequence of the counter-institutional work of key governing agencies and other actors to maintain the status quo within international sport.