Traditional Chinese Thinking Research Articles

What is hindering Chinese women from participating in combat sports?

With the awakening of female consciousness, women's participation in sports has gradually gained autonomy and agency. However, Chinese women still face numerous restrictions in combat sports, hindering the development of this industry. Based on years of practice and research experience in the field, we summarize some general and specific issues, such as stigmatization and the constraints of traditional Chinese thinking. These issues need attention and consideration in the pursuit of gender equality in sports in the future.

Influencia del pensamiento tradicional chino en el estilo de interpretación y creación de obras de música para piano

Abstract: The piano, which originated in Europe, is the crystallization of Western musical civilization and is known as the king of musical instruments. After hundreds of years of development, it has developed a relatively complete system of creation, performance and teaching. In this process, it can be seen that there are many piano music works with the unique style and charm of traditional Chinese thoughts, using the method of Chinese folk music and the melody with Chinese characteristics. The combination of traditional thoughts and piano demonstrates a unique charm of Chinese music, with strong cultural heritage and artistic appeal. Therefore, piano music works, infiltrated into traditional Chinese thoughts, are not only a China’s treasure, but also an indispensable element in Chinese piano performance and education. The purpose of this article is to deeply understand and reflect on piano music works in traditional Chinese culture, explore the uniqueness and charm of Chinese piano music works, and understand the embodiment of traditional Chinese thoughts in piano music creation, thus exploring the uniqueness and innovation of Chinese piano music creation, providing reference and support for promoting the development of Chinese piano music works.

The Modernization Potential of Confucian Legal Thought —On the Traditional Chinese Thought of “No Litigation” and its Contemporary Value

The Modernization Potential of Confucian Legal Thought —On the Traditional Chinese Thought of “No Litigation” and its Contemporary Value

Formation of Cultural Heritage Through the Interaction Between Chinese and Arab Cultures from a Post-colonial Perspective: Taking Ma Jian as an Example

Abstract Ma Jian brought a major transformation that had not been experienced in the early period of Chinese-Arab relations, which not only benefited from his study in Egypt, but also originated from the wave of cultural revival in Egypt and other Arab countries in the “post-colonialism” era. Ma Jian was fruitful in his life. Two of his most prominent achievements are: first, he completed the translation of the Chinese version of the Koran. With traditional Chinese thoughts (Confucianism, Taoism and Buddhism) as the root and classical Islamic thoughts as the guide, Ma Jian translated the Koran by integrating the identity characteristics of the Chinese nation with the spirit of Islam; second, he introduced Arabic into Chinese university education and compiled the first Arabic-Chinese dictionary. By establishing the Chinese-Arab cultural exchange base, Ma Jian effectively promoted the integration of the Chinese and Arab nations and multicultural exchanges and mutual learning and got rid of the “English hegemony”. At the same time, Ma Jian translated many ancient Chinese books into Arabic, which also laid the foundation for the establishment of “Sinology” in the Arab region.

Comparison of Traditional Chinese Thought and Xi Jinping's Understanding of Governance through the Hundred Schools of Thought

Xi Jinping, often referred to as the contemporary Mao, has introduced numerous development plans on a national and global scale since taking office as President in 2012. Having learned lessons from the disastrous Cultural Revolution which aimed to implant socialist ideas in China and resulted in the deaths of millions, Xi Jinping declared a new era in governance by emphasizing the importance of "Chinese Characteristics". Now, a Chinese government that has overcome the 'century of humiliation’ and is capable of confronting Western powers through a concerted effort, has successfully integrated Marxist-Leninist ideology with Chinese characteristics. Xi Jinping's philosophy, which combines modern requirements with the principles of traditional Chinese governance, has become part of the CCP ideology. Xi's comprehension of governance stems from traditional Chinese philosophy. The Warring Principalities era and the emergence of the Hundred Schools of Thought are the foundations of Xi's understanding of governance. This article investigates the heritage and evolution of Xi Jinping's governing ideology from ancient Chinese traditional beliefs, using the example of the "Hundred Schools of Thought". The article aims to explore the value implications of traditional Chinese governance thought in contemporary political life. Additionally, it seeks to promote the essence of ancient Chinese traditional culture, investigate its relevance in modern times, reveal patterns of cultural development, and offer guidance on how to carry forward and inherit the traditional Chinese cultural perspective.

The evolution of Li Dazhao’s Chinese nationalism

ABSTRACT Studies on Chinese nationalism in Western academia have been influenced by a popular theory called ‘the culturalism-to-nationalism thesis’, a loosely formulated interpretive paradigm which emerged in late 1960s. The literature on this topic, however, reveals an inadequate understanding of traditional Chinese thinking and its influence on Chinese thought in modern history. An examination of the work of Li Dazhao (1889–1927) and his philosophical heritage not only will open up a valuable source for us to rethink about this thesis and its defects, but also will shed light on the complicated background and perspective that give rise to modern Chinese nationalism. Given the interest in Chinese nationalism in contemporary world, an understanding of its historical roots is particularly timely, since in order to understand China’s current and future actions one must understand the origins of Chinese nationalist thinking and its transformations in time. This paper makes a contribution to that historical understanding. I argue that traditional Chinese philosophy, especially the Daoist world view and Confucian ethics played a significant role in shaping Li’s patriotic and nationalist stance. It also predisposed him intellectually to accept the internationalist characteristic of Marxism.

A Teaching Model of Cultural and Creative Design Based on the Philosophy of the Book of Changes

In essence, cultural and creative design features humanity and culture. The process of how to transform culture into creativity is an essential subject of design education, which, in turn, calls for a new design teaching system. In regard to combining traditional Chinese thinking with modern design experience, the question of how to apply traditional Chinese thinking to design concepts, methods, and education is systematically explored in this research. Firstly, the question of how to transform the philosophy of “Tao, Vessel, Change and Comprehensiveness” in the Book of Changes into “design thinking” in order to establish the learning process of creative design with added value—as well as to set up the teaching model of cultural and creative design under “Tao, Vessel, Change and Comprehensiveness”—is discussed. After this, two cases of the Aboriginal Harvest Festival’s cultural creativity “Dancing Together” candlestick and the animation, cultural, and creative design of the “Wind Lion God” are used in order to examine the effectiveness of the specific design and to verify the feasibility of this teaching model in the development and application of cultural and creative products. The results demonstrate the feasibility of this teaching model, which provides a new systematic approach for the purposes of teaching and practice in the field of cultural and creative design.

Rethinking ‘Practice’ in Traditional Thoughts and Implications for Science Education Innovation in China

This paper aims at explore what we can learn from rethinking ‘practice’ in traditional Chinese thoughts for today’s improvement of science education in using Problem-Based Learning (PBL). This firstly drives a discussion on four dimensions of Traditional Practical Learning (TPL): 1) practice varying learning, 2) learning in practice, 3) reflective learning on practice, and 4) learning to practice. It further helps to summarize both advantages and limitations of TPL. Secondly, the summary brings ideas on how to enrich our understanding of practical learning and experiential learning models in Chinese science education. Finally, PBL is regarded as one of the potential strategies to innovate contemporary science education that drives an analysis on how to make localization of PBL through TPL in a Chinese context. Briefly, this paper contributes to bridging diverse perspectives of being historical, cultural, and contemporary to address appropriate strategies in science education innovation in China.

Managing the Risk of Crisis in Public Finance in Asia: a Pre-study on the Fiscal Mentality of Imperial China and its Surrounding Countries

A financial crisis can somehow imply an aspect of social crisis but a social crisis usually reflects the crisis of the society per se, and therefore the historical and cultural background as well as the legal and financial system therefrom. In the case of Asia, the context should add another storyline of the reception and integration of western ideas, including, inter alia, justification of taxation and its implication on government intervention. This paper examines such elements in the form of dialogue with historical accounts of traditional Chinese thoughts.

A Sociocultural Perspective on English-as-a-Foreign-Language (EFL) Teachers' Cognitions About Form-Focused Instruction.

There has been much research into teacher beliefs about teaching and learning as seen in the general teacher education literature. In the field of language teacher education, this line of research has been evolving, with the recent trend being streamlined into “teacher cognition” as a generic or umbrella term. Despite increasing amounts of research output so far, research into foreign language teachers’ cognitions about their own teaching and decision-making is still insufficient, particularly with regard to university-level English-as-a-foreign-language (EFL) teachers in China. Drawing on Vygotsky’s Sociocultural Theory, this qualitative research focused on EFL teachers’ cognitions about form-focused instruction in Chinese university settings. It intended to discover how teachers’ cognitions changed when they were expected to teach in actual classrooms and what factors contributed to these changes. Data collected from four teacher-participants through semi-structured interviews, classroom observations and follow-up stimulated recall interviews showed participants’ support for focus-on-form instruction, which means they not only paid attention to the grammatical form of the language but also to the meaning it is intended to convey. However, data also showed that the teacher-participants shifted from focus-on-form to focus-on-formS instruction in actual teaching, which suggests that they might have realized the challenges of carrying out teaching activities surrounding focus-on-form and would like to take an easier approach by only teaching the grammar of the language by focusing on formS. Such incongruences are interpreted with reference to a plethora of sociocultural factors including traditional Chinese thinking and institutional expectations. The implications of the findings for stakeholders in universities, including faculty members, students, and curriculum developers in similar contexts, are also discussed.

On the cusp of a new world order? a dialogue between Confucianism and Dewey and pragmatism

ABSTRACT At the end of 2013, China introduced what it calls the ‘One Belt, One Road Initiative’ (BRI) (yidaiyiluchangyi 一带一路战倡议). From a Chinese perspective, this initiative is nothing less than a strategy to replace the existing world order in all of its parts with a vision of ‘intra-national relations’ that emerges out of traditional Chinese thinking reaching back as early as the Yijing 易经or Book of Changes. The self-conscious rhetoric of BRI is ‘equity’ (gongying 共赢) and ‘diversity’ interpreted through the language of a ‘shared future for the human community’ (renleimingyun gongtongti人类命运共同体). China can be challenged to live up to its own rhetoric. John Dewey makes a helpful distinction between the ‘idea’ and the political ‘forms’ of democracy, where his ‘idea’ of democracy is his own account of equity and shared diversity. Again, there is a direct link between Dewey’s ‘idea’ of democracy and his ‘internationalism.’ Can we use Dewey’s ‘idea’ of democracy to formulate the ‘idea’ of BRI as a Confucian version of ‘internationalism?’

Rehabilitation psychological experience of the elderly within 6 months of initial disability: a qualitative study

Purpose To explore the rehabilitation psychological experience of the Chinese elderly within 6 months of initial disability, understand and analyse their real feelings and thoughts to help caregivers in providing support. Materials and methods We adopted the descriptive phenomenology method to purposefully select elderly with initial disability within 6 months from neurorehabilitation departments of 2 hospitals in China, who were able to cooperate with researchers to conduct interviews. The data were collected from semi-structured interviews and analysed using Colaizzi’s analysis method. Results fifteen participants with an average age of 73.7(±9.0) years and an average disability time of 3.2 (±1.5) months were interviewed. Four themes were identified: (1) the discomfort of losing the sense of self; (2) feeling trapped over unmet needs; (3) ambivalence towards rehabilitation; (4) expectations and hopelessness for the future. Traditional Chinese thoughts such as family concepts played an important role in the generation of complex emotions. Conclusion The elderly had the desire and motivation to recover and return to the families and society. However, due to personal, family and social factors, they still felt ambivalence towards rehabilitation, self-worth and life, which hindered rehabilitation. Therefore, carers should focus on the elderly’s psychological states, taking corresponding measures to satisfy their complex demands and motivate long-term recovery. IMPLICATIONS FOR REHABILITATION Chinese elderly with initial disability often had a strong sense of ambivalence towards self-worth, rehabilitation and life, among which the influence of the traditional Chinese family concept counts. Health care personnel should improve the positive coping ability of the elderly to promote their harmonious coexistence with disability, rebuild their personal values, develop their rehabilitation potential. Health care departments need to provide support to the elderly and their families to maximize the positive role of the family in the rehabilitation process of the elderly. In order to alleviate the discomfort of disabled elderly in rehabilitation and enhance compliance, there is a need to improve the hard environment (rehabilitation technologies, etc.) and soft environment (rehabilitation concept and service quality, etc.).

ЭМОЦИОНАЛЬНОЕ МЫШЛЕНИЕ В ДРЕВНЕКИТАЙСКОЙ ФИЛОСОФИИ

The article reveals the meaning of the notion “emotional thinking” in relation to the ancient Chinese philosophy, analyses the main features of emotional thinking and its differences from other types of thinking. The humanism of the ancient Chinese philosophy was intertwined closely with the duties and responsibilities of a man subordinate to the society and the ruler. The author focuses on the analysis of the notions “unity of heaven and human”, self-improvement, balance and comprehension of relations with the universe, which had a significant impact on the development of the ancient Chinese philosophy, Chinese culture and traditional Chinese thinking.

Mao Zedong, Sinization of Marxism, and Traditional Chinese Thought Culture

The informed perspective presented here may rouse a sensitivity to the differences in reading Marxist philosophy from the perspective of the Inseparability of One and Many worldview and philosophy (a doctrine of internal, constitutive, relations––“intimacy”) on the part of Chinese intellectuals, particularly Mao Zedong, a great campaigner for philosophic and discursive Sinicization of Marxism. Marxism has provided an opportunity for a philosophical conversation with Chinese tradition, and this conversation was not launched by a government or official campaign, but instead by the efforts made on the part of countless grassroots intellectuals. It is argued that the reason for this was perhaps due to the fact that certain of Marx’s cosmological assumptions, in contrast to those of the main Western categories, are more capable of being understood and Sinicized in terms of particular philosophical currents in the Chinese tradition. This was particularly so for the two decades of the 1950s and 1960s, and until the end of the 1970s when Deng Xiaoping came to power and openly declared the start of his “Economic Reform” with the slogan “Socialism with Chinese Characteristics.”

The Last “Hero” and Jia Pingwa's Ecological Concerns in Remembering Wolves

Abstract As a writer rooted in China's historical, social, and cultural transformation, Jia Pingwa has expressed in his works his anxieties over environmental deterioration and the effects of that deterioration on people. With the thriving of ecocriticism in China, his Remembering Wolves has received a new wave of significant attention due to its ecological concerns. In tracing Gao Ziming's journey to photograph the fifteen remaining wolves in Shangzhou, Jia weaves different strands of ecological thoughts into the story. Through a close reading of this novel, this essay first attempts to reveal the way Jia expresses his anxieties over the current racial degeneration, it then proceeds to analyze his mobilization of traditional Chinese ecological thoughts in his representation of nature. It ends by highlighting the intrinsic connection between the environmental crisis and the current social problems in China.

Study on the Management Pattern of Wenzhou Family Enterprises under Traditional Chinese Thoughts and Ideas

This paper studies the management model of typical Chinese family from the perspective of Chinese thought history, and defines the ideological and industrial advantages of its special management mode. From the perspective view of human resources, capital investment and product development, how to transform and upgrade the family management mode are discussed so as to adapt to the enterprise development during the Internet era.

Philosophical basis of original thinking in Chinese medicine

Chinese Medicine, being one of the most creative disciplines, with the superiority of its disciplinary theory and thinking pattern closely related to the studies of Sinology.Chinese Medicine has taken on its great aspect with good favorable prospects of timing, geographical and unity and coordination of human relationship, hence, the development of CM needs the recognition of its original advantage, making clear of its sources of original thought.The XIANG thought (iconic thinking) is the basic connotation and basic features of traditional Chinese thinking. The imported western culture depresses the XIANG (iconic) thinking of original thought, and, as a result, conceptual thinking of scientism and western medicine became the mainstream. Actually, conceptual thinking shouldn't be rejected, whereas the original thinking and original superiority characterized by our own nation should also be manifested. The knowledge, both oriental and occidental, are to be accepted simultaneously, while Chinese medicine and western medicine should be all mastered thoroughly and integrated as a whole so as to further proceed together.

Translating the Master

The publication of the Confucius Sinarum Philosophus in Paris in 1687 represented the apex of the syncretic effort between Confucianism and Catholicism started by Matteo Ricci more than one century before. The present study draws attention to the heart of the text, which is the translation of three Confucian Classics: Daxue (The Great Learning), Lunyu (The Analects) and Zhongyong (The Doctrine of the Mean), where the contribution of Prospero Intorcetta (1625–1696) appears to be predominant.This article will firstly offer an updated biography of Intorcetta and his mission to Europe. Secondly, it will summarize the long process that led to the publication of the Confucius Sinarum Philosophus. Finally, through a comparative analysis between the former translations and those published in the Confucius Sinarum Philosophus, this study will attempt to extrapolate and determine the contribution of Intorcetta, focusing especially on the way some key concepts of the Confucian philosophy and of the traditional Chinese thinking in general were rendered.

The Endless Dance: Realization of Western Liberal Arts Tradition in Chinese Cultural Context

Being the first full scale cooperation in higher education between the Mainland and Hong Kong, the United International College (uic) positioned itself as “A New liberal Arts College” to help the country diversify her higher education landscape as part of education reform. While attempting to retain the defining characteristics of a us-style liberal arts college—caring for students, small class sizes, broad based curricula, facilitating cross fertilization of ideas, uic strongly emphasizes Chinese traditional culture, literature, history and Chinese thoughts through the ages, in addition to helping students acquire an international outlook. This is deemed essential not only because the students should learn about their own cultural heritage, but also they should treasure the wisdom of traditional Chinese thinking that could lend a helping hand to solving many problems the world faces today. It is gratifying to see that, after 10 years’ experimentation, the traditional western liberal arts education could be realized in the Chinese traditional culture context. In particular, the Confucius education philosophy could help nurture the whole person— junzi (君子), which is the overarching education goal of uic.

The Theory and Practice of Health Cultivation Qigong Exercise in Traditional Chinese Medicine

The health cultivation qigong exercise in traditional Chinese medicine refers to a traditional, integrated method of illness prevention and body strengthening, which promotes the functions of qi and the blood, smooths the meridians (energy channels), and balances the viscera and bowels through the regulation of the mind, the breathing, and the body. The concept of using qi to cultivate human life is part of the health cultivation practices of ancient Chinese codes and of Chinese medicine. This concept includes the principles, methods, essences, and clinical applications of the practice. In addition, traditional health cultivation references the concepts of yinyang, viscera and bowels, qi and blood, meridians, and essential energy spirit theory in order to explain the human biological phenomena, the theoretical and practical perspectives of qigong, and the basis of the treatment principle. The health cultivation qigong exercise of Chinese medicine utilizes the concept of the "unity of nature and human beings" in traditional Chinese thinking in its practice, which emphasizes the conformity to nature and seasons. In order to fully leverage the benefits from the purpose of health cultivation in qigong practice, the priority is to understand the health cultivation mechanism, the essentials/matters, and the precautions of qigong practices. Recently, the evidence regarding both the biological and the psychological benefits of qigong practices have been demonstrated in numbers of research articles. In particular, qigong is currently considered to be one of the best mild exercises that is suited to all age groups. Professional nurses are suggested to include the health cultivation qigong exercise as part of activities that target health improvement and illness prevention. Due to the diversity in qigong as practiced by different health cultivation qigong exercise sects, it is essential to accumulate more clinical evidence by conducting greater numbers of rigorous studies that may be referenced in evidence-based nursing practices.