Trade Coffee Research Articles

The Competitiveness and Export Performance of Indonesian Coffee in The Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC)

Since its establishment in 1969, the Organization of Islamic Cooperation (OIC) has served as a platform for Islamic countries worldwide to cooperate in various sectors, including economic, social, and cultural. One longstanding form of economic cooperation among OIC countries is in the field of trade. Indonesia, as one of the major producers and exporters of coffee, has engaged in coffee trade with OIC countries, and this cooperation has continued to the present day. This research aims to assess the competitiveness and export performance of Indonesian coffee to OIC using the Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) and Constant Market Share (CMS) methods. The results show that Indonesian coffee exports to OIC are competitive but have a declining growth rate. Meanwhile, the export performance of Indonesian coffee to OIC demonstrates good performance in following market distribution trends but shows shortcomings in meeting market preferences. Therefore, enhancing internal trade cooperation within OIC, partnering strategies with competing countries, and measures such as improving technology accessibility and evaluating responsive export policies are necessary.

The Role of Coffee Trade in Shaping Ethiopia’s Economic Development from the 1960s to Present

This study examines the role of coffee trade in shaping Ethiopia’s economic development from the 1960s to the present. It explores the evolution of Ethiopia’s coffee industry through key policy transformations, market liberalization, and economic reforms, highlighting their impact on national export revenues, foreign exchange reserves, employment creation, and rural economic development. The analysis addresses the challenges faced by Ethiopia’s coffee sector, including climate change, market volatility, and global competition, while also identifying opportunities for growth through sustainability practices, certification, and market diversification. Finally, the study outlines strategic pathways for future development, focusing on enhancing productivity, building resilient supply chains, and aligning coffee trade strategies with broader national development goals.

The Role Played by the Merchants of al-Qasim in the Coffee Trade across the Arabian Gulf, 1870–1950

Abstract This article traces the coffee bean trade from its spread in central Arabia, focusing particularly on two groups of merchants in al-Qasim. The first group includes those who migrated and settled in countries of the Arabian Gulf, Iraq, India, or elsewhere and engaged in the trade in food, including in coffee. They amassed wealth and established large trading networks in the Hijaz, the Gulf coasts, Iraq, and India. The second group comprises traders who traveled from al-Qasim to the ports of the Arabian Gulf to purchase foodstuffs and export them to al-Qasim and other regions of central Arabia. The article emphasizes the strong relationships among these traders, how they were linked by the coffee trade, and how this trade also symbolized the connection between Najd and the wider world, contributing to its integration into the global economy.

Enhancing Indonesian coffee trade: Strategies for navigating and reducing trade barriers

This study scrutinizes the intricate relationship between production technology advancements and price reactions in the Robusta and Arabica commodities and their collective influence on profitability exploring the relationship between market and policy dynamics and the coffee industry in Indonesia. This study delves into the intricate interplay between market dynamics, policy interventions and technological advancements within the Robusta and Arabica coffee commodities in Indonesia. It employs a historical simulation to scrutinize the multifaceted relationship between production technology advancements, price reactions and their collective influence on the profitability of coffee cultivation in the region from 2008 to 2020. Our research reveals a striking discrepancy between the expansion of coffee cultivation due to technological progress and the delayed price reactions within the Indonesian coffee industry. The industry faces challenges in translating these advancements into immediate profitability for growers despite significant strides in production technology. The study further dissects the role of governmental interventions, such as subsidies in shaping production outcomes and market responses. High bank interest rates emerge as a significant hindrance to industry growth, exacerbating the profitability dilemma faced by coffee growers. Furthermore, the export price elasticity of Robusta coffee exhibits limitations, raising questions about the industry's ability to harness its potential in global markets despite increased production volumes. Our findings underscore the industry's acute sensitivity to policy alterations highlighting the urgent need for strategic reforms targeting high bank interest rates and the expansion of market opportunities. We advocate for comprehensive research efforts that encompass a broader spectrum of variables to yield deeper insights into the complexities of the Indonesian coffee sector.

Pengaruh Psychological Comfort Terhadap Customer Satisfaction Coffee Shop di Kota Padang

The development of the specialty coffee trade is currently transforming towards cafes or coffee shops. Coffee shops are in great demand among various age groups, from teenagers to adults. It is believed that psychological comfort can be found in coffee shops. This research is a quantitative study which aims to see the influence of Psychological Comfort on Customer Satisfaction of Coffee Shops in Padang City. The number of respondents in this study was 101 people using a purposive sampling technique. Data were analyzed using simple regression analysis. The research results show that there is an influence of Psychological Comfort on Coffee Shop Customer Satisfaction in Padang City.

Voluntary sustainability standards to cope with the new European Union regulation on deforestation-free products: A gap analysis

The European Union Deforestation Regulation (EUDR) has been recently adopted to fight deforestation and forest degradation associated with the trade of forest-risk commodities, including cattle, cocoa, coffee, oil palm, rubber, soya, and wood. Operators must exercise due diligence (i.e., information collection, risk assessment, and risk mitigation) to ensure these commodities and their products are deforestation-free and produced in accordance with relevant legislation. In recent decades, Voluntary Sustainability Standards (VSS) have been adopted in the private sector to promote sustainable and deforestation-free supply chains. The EUDR recognizes certification and other third-party verified schemes as supporting tools for risk assessment during the due diligence procedure. However, questions persist regarding the extent to which these schemes can assist operators in assessing compliance with the EUDR. This study addresses these concerns by developing an assessment framework to evaluate the suitability of VSS schemes in covering the due diligence requirements established in the EUDR. The assessment of five major agricultural and forestry VSS schemes against this framework revealed both potentialities and limitations in covering these requirements. Most of the indicators from the framework were at least partially covered. Nevertheless, the assessed schemes fell short in providing a comprehensive prohibition of deforestation and forest degradation. They also presented variable coverage of the relevant legislation outlined in the EUDR, as well as deficiencies in their systems to assure compliance with the standards. Overall, this study indicates that VSS schemes can be incorporated as elements of due diligence systems but are insufficient to demonstrate compliance with the EUDR.

Probabilistic Modeling of the Coffee Market in Brazil

The coffee is one of the most valuable commodities in the world and in this scenario, Brazil presents itself as the largest producer and exporter in the world. However, the high fluctuations in prices promote insecurity in the agents of the sector. In this sense, the objective of this work is to propose the best probabilistic model for the monthly analysis of prices and to calculate probabilities of occurrences of average prices of coffee bags according to levels of practical interest. To this end, we use historical data provided by COOXUPÉ corresponding to the period from January 1981 to December 2022, arranged into monthly subseries. For supporting the results, goodness of fit test were performed. The results indicated that the Gamma and log-Normal distributions fit the coffee bag price data in all months. The log-Normal distribution outperformed in all months. The Gamma and log-Normal distributions fitted the monthly data of average coffee bags prices. The Log-Normal distribution is more suitable for the probabilistic study of the variable in all months. January, February, and March are the months with the highest probability of higher average values and are therefore the most recommended for coffee trading.

Shaping the Future of Coffee: Climate Resilience, Liberica's Rise, and By-Product Innovation-Highlights from the International Coffee Convention 2023 (ICC2023).

The International Coffee Convention 2023 comprehensively addressed the contemporary challenges and advancements in the coffee industry, emphasizing sustainability, health, and innovation. This convention gathered experts and stakeholders to explore diverse aspects of coffee, ranging from the potential of underutilized species like Coffea liberica in terms of climate resilience to the innovative use of coffee by-products. The convention featured presentations and discussions, employing both empirical research and analytical reviews to explore various topics, including the health benefits of coffee, the advancements in traceability and authentication methods, and the impact of global regulatory changes on coffee production and trade. The key findings highlighted the importance of biodiversity in coffee production as a response to climate change, the significant health benefits and sustainability potential of coffee by-products, and the evolving landscape of coffee consumption patterns driven by technological innovations. The convention also stressed the need for alignment in global coffee trade regulations, particularly concerning deforestation and traceability. The 2023 convention underscored the complexity and interconnectivity of the coffee industry's challenges and opportunities. It concluded with a forward-looking perspective, emphasizing the need for continued research, sustainable practices, and collaborative efforts to shape the future of the coffee industry. The community is looking forward to furthering these discussions at the next International Coffee Convention in 2024.

Taking pleasure in distinction: Unlocking specialty coffee preference

Specialty coffee, comprising a tenth of the global coffee trade, is distinguished by its strict quality requirements and traceable origins. The diverse flavor profiles of specialty coffee raise demands on providers to serve individual taste preferences. Prior research has not sufficiently explored how to predict customer preferences for specific flavor profiles or how these preferences influence behavioral intentions such as revisiting or recommending a café. This study hypothesized that customer involvement, the extrinsic factors of coffee experience, and culinary risk-taking would predict flavor preference, which would in turn affect behavioral intentions. In an experiment involving 47 participants, individuals tasted and evaluated two espresso flavor profiles in a counterbalanced order. Results showed that taking pleasure in buying coffee, an aspect of involvement, significantly predicted preference for a distinctly acidic single-origin flavor profile over a more conventional blend. However, factors such as interest in involvement, sensory and service quality aspects of the café experience, and culinary risk-taking in coffee consumption were not significant predictors of coffee preference. Furthermore, there was no significant relationship between coffee preference and the intention to revisit or recommend the establishment, though individual evaluations of each coffee were predictive of these behavioral intentions. These results refine the existing theory linking specialty coffee consumption and consumer behavior, particularly highlighting the role of acidity in flavor preferences. They also confirm the link between the sensory experience of tasting specialty coffee and subsequent behavioral intentions, applicable across diverse flavor profiles.

Strategi Optimalisasi Perdagangan Ekspor Kopi Di Indonesia Melalui Situs Trademap

Export trade of coffee in Indonesia plays a crucial role in the country's economy; however, challenges and dynamics in the global market demand the development of an optimal strategy to enhance the competitiveness of Indonesian coffee products. This research aims to formulate an optimization strategy for coffee export trade by leveraging information provided by the Trademap website. The research method involves analyzing Indonesian coffee export data from the Trademap site, identifying global market trends, and evaluating relevant trade policies and regulations. The results of this analysis will form the basis for designing a strategy to increase market share and the export value of Indonesian coffee. The proposed strategy includes strengthening product branding, diversifying target export markets, improving the quality and innovation of products, and optimizing the supply chain to enhance logistic efficiency. Additionally, the integration of information technology and communication in trade management is incorporated to expedite information access and minimize business risks. The implementation of this strategy is expected to make a positive contribution to the growth of Indonesia's coffee exports, opening opportunities for access to new markets, and increasing the value-added of products. By tapping into the information potential of the Trademap site and developing adaptive strategies, Indonesia can effectively navigate the dynamics of the global market, strengthen its position as a leading coffee producer, and enhance the well-being of business actors in the coffee sector.

Inclusion of autochthonous and allochthonous microbial starters in wet fermentation processes of Coffea arabica L.

All around the world, specialty coffees submitted to fermentation gain economic prominence in the coffee trading sector. This study used two cultivars of Coffea arabica L. growth by Agência Paulista de Tecnologia dos Agronegócios (APTA) on Marilia region (midwest region of São Paulo state, Brazil): cultivar yellow Topázio MG 1190 (YTPMG) and cultivar red Catuai IAC 144 (RCIAC). Both cultivars were submitted to wet fermentation processes in order to: 1) observe the influence of starter cultures and 2) to describe their microbiological and sensorial performances. Sensorial findings were respectively compared to their non-fermented and naturally fermented samples. Equal portions of YTPMG and RCIAC cherries were distributed into different buckets containing 20 L of potable water each, leading to two experiments with 5 treatments, of which T1 was natural fermentation and the others received different combinations of autochthonous or allochthonous yeasts, besides species of commercial lactic bacteria. Laboratorial evaluation included: pH, temperature, soluble solids and microbiological analysis. Sensorial analyses were conducted by experts and Q-graders. The sensory data were submitted to statistical analysis. After 46 h under wet fermentation, the counts of “good” micro-organisms (M.O.) enhanced (yeasts and lactic bacteria) and the “bad” M.O. reduced (enterobacteria), resulting in differentiated aroma among the coffees treatments. Lactic bacteria starters (SACCO Brasil) stimulated yeasts growth during fermentation, while Lactobacillus plantarum (LEMA) inhibited. All the fermented coffee were graded as specialty coffees, reaching more than 80 points, and the highest notes referred to the treatments that included lactic bacteria starters. YTPMG had better cupping notes than RCIAC. Cupping notes were lower than 80 for all non-fermented coffees, indicating that the technology of controlled fermentation including starter cultures is able to ensure exquisite sensorial values and a better placing in the highly competitive market.

Mild Arabica coffee trade at a time of market regulation

ABSTRACT This paper explores the dynamics of mild coffee trade during the term of the International Coffee Agreement, focusing on Costa Rica as a case study. We aimed to verify the influence of the agreement on coffee exports and understand its impact on the exports of high-quality coffee. To compare the influence of the coffee agreement on the trade performance of high-quality coffee producers with that of producers specializing in coffee of similar – or lower – quality, we also included exports of Brazilian coffee (low quality) and Colombian coffee (high quality) in the sample. We focused on analysing commodity trade agreements in the second half of the twentieth century and, simultaneously, on the drivers of coffee exports based on a gravity equation consistent with international trade models. Our findings allowed us to conclude that the International Coffee Agreement gave rise to few benefits for ‘Other Milds’ countries such as Costa Rica and greater benefits for ‘Colombian Milds’ countries such as Colombia, at least in its early versions.

Newly isolated phages preying on Pseudomonas syringae pv. garcae: In vitro and ex vivo inactivation studies in coffee plant leafs

Coffee canker, or bacterial halo blight (BHB) of coffee, is a disease caused by the phytopathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas syringae pv. garcae (Psg), having been found for the first time in 1955, in the Garça region (State of São Paulo), and which has stood out in the Brazilian coffee plantations in recent years, leading to severe economic losses that seriously affect coffee trade. The treatments available are still scarce, involving frequent spraying of coffee plantations with either copper derivatives or the antibiotic kasugamycin. However, these compounds should be avoided due to environmental toxicity and the development of bacterial resistances. Herein we report the isolation and physical/biological characterisation of two novel lytic phages and their efficacy in the control of Psg. Phages ph002F and ph004F were isolated from coffee plant leaves in Brazil (Sorocaba/SP and Itu/SP cities), using Psg IBSBF-158 as the host. According to the transmission electron microscopy analyses, both phages belong to the class Caudoviricetes and present myovirus-like morphotypes. Phages ph002F and ph004F showed eclipse times of 5 min and 20 min, respectively, and a burst size of 123 PFU/host cell and 12 PFU/host cell, respectively, allowing to conclude they replicate well in Psg IBSBF-158 with latency periods of 50 min. Phage ph002F (reduction of 4.59 log CFU/mL, compared to uninfected culture) was more effective in inactivating Psg than phage ph004F (reduction of 3.85 log CFU/mL) after 10 h of incubation at a MOI of 10. As a cocktail, the two phages were highly effective in reducing the bacterial load (reduction of 5.26 log CFU/mL at a MOI of 0.1 or reduction of 5.03 log CFU/mL at a MOI of 10, relative to untreated culture), after 12 h of treatment. This study provides evidence that the isolated phages are promising candidates against the causative agent of BHB in coffee plants.

ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENCE IN SALES PRICE OF ARABICA COFFEE CERTIFIED BY SUSTAINABLE AGRICULTURE INSTITUTES RAINFOREST ALLIANCE AND FAIRTRADE IN CENTRAL ACEH (Case Study of Rahmat Kinara Multi-Purpose Cooperative)

Certification is the judgment of a third party as a liaison between the buyer and the seller, where both parties must meet all of their respective certification criteria or standards. The Rahmat Kinara multi-purpose cooperative is one of the cooperatives engaged in the trade of Rainforest Alliance and Fairtrade-certified Arabica coffee. This study aims to determine the difference between the selling price of Rainforest Alliance and Fairtrade-certified coffee at the Rahmat Kinara multi-purpose cooperative, Pegasing, Central Aceh. This research uses time-series data, analyzed using the Mann-Whittney Test (U Test). The results of the Mann-Whittney Test (U Test) showed a significant value of (0.000) < α 0.05, meaning that there is a significant difference between the selling price of Rainforest Alliance and Fairtrade-certified coffee. Sustainable Agriculture Support at the Rahmat Kinara multi-purpose cooperative improved the quality of the coffee crop (ecologically), helped withstand volatile price changes in global markets (economically), assisted in improving farm management, negotiating leverage, and providing access to premium markets (socially fair).Certification, Rainforest Alliance, Arabica Coffee, Fairtrade

The effect of Market Orientation on Export Performance: The Mediating role of New Product Development capability

The aim of this study that titled the descriptive statistics of Market Orientation practice on Export Performance the Mediating role of new product development practice with Positive effect of export performance provides firms with opportunity to grow, and enhance the dynamism in the new product development. In this study, two main strategies that are refer to Market Orientation and new product development is investigated and determines the Export Performance. This study focused in Coffee trading and Factory PLC Ethiopia. The findings showed that the Descriptive effect of Market Orientation on Export Performance the Mediating role of New Product Development Capability. However, the market orientation is much stronger in influence the export performance that affect Market orientation through new product development on Export performance, it designed with Descriptive Statistics to distribute for 384 respondents, and the questionnaires to be distributed from Primary and Secondary Cooperative Union, Coffee supplier, Coffee Collector, Employee of PLC. Hence, this study basically increased the knowledge regarding of the factors that affect the Export Performance, especially in Oromia Regional state West Guji zone Coffee trading and Factory PLC, Ethiopia.

The Descriptive Effect of Market Orientation Practice on Export Performance: The Mediating Role of New Product Development Capability: in Oromia Regional State West Guji Zone Coffee Trading and Factory PLC Enterprise, Ethiopia

The Descriptive Effect of Market Orientation Practice on Export Performance: The Mediating Role of New Product Development Capability: in Oromia Regional State West Guji Zone Coffee Trading and Factory PLC Enterprise, Ethiopia

Coffee Dispenser Machine

Coffee is one of the favorite drinks. He way of making coffee is brewing and using a machine, this paper proposes the design of Automatic Dispenser machine. The main objective of our project is to launch new technology application in society. This is Arduino based Dispenser machine that sales of coffee from machine. This paper attempt to provide solution on coin based Dispenser machine which is not returning the money. This paper attempt to provide solution on based Dispenser machine which is helps to coffee users. Most people are loves to drink coffee/tea which is made by an ordinary coffee shop or coffee maker machine. Also, the coffee trade exceeds US $ 10 Billion worldwide. The development of new modern hardware and software systems allows us to build an excellent coffee maker machine that satisfies customer needs. The Vending Machine is which delivers different products based on what the customer likes to drink. This kind of machine placed in shops, offices, institutes and various places where it required. It provides a wide variety of products in an automated process, without any manpower and easy to save precious time of humans in a fast-moving world. This paper compares different features like space, size, and time to prepare the drink and how fast it works. The power dissipation of a vending machine is one of the major problems faced by the users. And the availability of the product is known only in some places not every. This is an automated product to create our day to day life more convenient. The product must be hygienic.

AKTIVITAS RE-EKSPOR OLEH IMPORTIR KOPI DUNIA DAN IMPLIKASINYA BAGI INDONESIA (World Coffee Re-Export Activities and the Implications for Indonesia)

Coffee is the most traded plantation commodity in the world. The data shows that currently there are more countries trading coffee than those producing it. In other words, many countries import coffee and then re-export it, such as France, Germany and the United States. This study aims to answer questions (1) How does the map of Indonesian coffee export destinations compare to the importing countries that carry out re-exports? (2) How is the quantity (volume) and value of Indonesian coffee exports compared to the importing countries that carry out re-exports? To answer these questions, this research utilizes secondary data for the last five years (2017-2021) from FAO (FAOSTAT). The data were processed quantitatively using the Microsoft Excel version 2021. The results showed that France, Germany and America have more export destinations than Indonesia. The re-exporting countries also seem to have started to outperform Indonesia in the coffee trade, both in quantity and value. Therefore, it is important for national coffee stakeholders to think about the sustainability of Indonesian coffee production and trade by creating various innovations that increase added value and seek new market opportunities.

ANALISIS DAYA SAING KOPI INDONESIA DI PASAR INTERNASIONAL

Coffee is a strategic plantation commodity for the Indonesian economy. The strategic value of coffee lies in the large contribution that coffee makes to state revenues, especially in the form of foreign exchange. This research is a type of quantitative research using secondary data. The purpose of this study was to determine the comparative advantages of coffee commodities, coffee export performance and international coffee trade conditions. The results of the study show that: 1) Indonesia has a comparative advantage over coffee. This is shown by the average RCA value in the 2017–2021 period which is above 1 (one) of 1.86. 2) Indonesia can seize the export market for coffee commodities or Indonesia's position will get stronger in the export market in 2017 and 2019. 3) In the 2017-2021 period, Indonesia has strong competitiveness or Indonesia tends to be an exporting country of coffee commodities because the average -the average positive ISP score is 0.879 and Indonesia is in the export stage.

Eurasian Trade of Coffee During the Seventeenth and Eighteenth Centuries

This article examines the volume of the Eurasian trade in coffee exported to Europe, especially Yemeni coffee and the commercial developments that occurred in this commodity during the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. This research indicates that the entry of such a strategic commodity as coffee into Eurasian trade, and the competition between European commercial companies, brought about a profound change in the nature of economic relations between the two continents. This was accompanied by an important shift in European political positions and interests towards Asia. The article tries as much as possible to draw a picture, even if an approximation, of the commercial operations that were taking place in order to export it abroad. The research touched on the currencies and weights of different nationalities – Portuguese, English, Dutch, and Indians – in circulation due to the commercial activity during the period under discussion. Some of its people and the people of the surrounding areas, including Arabs, Persians, Turks, and others, also carried out commercial activity in the area, and there is no doubt that all of them paid for the goods and merchandise they bought, which made the area teeming with different types of money.