Tourism Development In Africa Research Articles

Tourism arrival in Africa: An empirical investigation

The state of tourism development in Africa is yet growing. To this, certain factors such as generosity, ethnic tension and social support in Africa have been put forth to investigate the state of tourism arrivals in Africa. The objective of this paper is therefore to analyze the generosity of Adult Africans measured in three strands; adults' donations to charity, volunteering time to organizations and adults helping strangers or someone, ethnic tension and social support on Tourism arrivals in Africa. Using a panel of forty-one African countries within the period 2006–2017, we employ the smoothed instrumental variable quantile regression and found that African generosity, ethnic tension and social support contribute to the building of the tourism sector in Africa.

Does corruption undermine tourism development in Africa?

ABSTRACT While the determinants of tourism demand have been extensively investigated, the impact of corruption on tourism development is less documented. To fill the gap in the literature, this study uses various indicators of tourism development and corruption measurement to examine the influence of corruption on tourism development in 30 African countries over the period 1996–2020. The empirical evidence is based on the fixed effect and panel corrected standard errors (PCSE) estimation techniques. The results unveil that the impact of corruption on tourism development is negative and statistically significant, both for domestic and international tourists. It indicates as corruption worsens, tourism-related investments and tourism destinations are negatively affected. These results support the sand-in-the-wheel hypothesis. Additionally, macroeconomic indicators like GDP growth, foreign direct investment and infrastructural development are found to be ideal for promoting the tourism sector. However, the magnitude of the impact of the variables varies across various specifications, particularly for the sub-Saharan sample group. Based on the results, policy implications are suggested from the study. The results recommended that institutional reforms and promotion of good governances are critical in order to maximize the benefits of tourism sector.

Effect of Regulation on Curbing Over tourism in East Africa. A Critical Literature Review

Purpose: Over tourism irritates local people especially in rural areas. Over tourism has sparked a backlash by the local community especially by increasing the costs of living in their cities. The general objective of the study was to examine effect of regulation on curbing over tourism in East Africa
 Methodology: The paper used a desk study review methodology where relevant empirical literature was reviewed to identify main themes and to extract knowledge gaps.
 Findings: From the findings identified, and the literature reviewed, the concept of tourism sustainability can be construed to be the preservation of natural capital, economic and socio-cultural ecosystems within a three-pillar model that defines the three dimensions of sustainability. This integrated approach to sustainable tourism development is key in efforts to achieve sustainable tourism development in Africa. The concept of regulations to curb overtourism in East Africa has brought striking paradoxes for destination marketers and destination planners alike.
 Recommendations: The study recommends that there is need to develop a national framework for identifying the physical, ecological, socio-cultural and economic limits and the carrying capacity of visitor activity or tourism development at a given tourism area and time. Institute and enforce tourism regulations and policies to ensure that the physical, social and ecological impacts of overtourism are addressed in East Africa. Enforce tourism certification as a means for advocating for tourism sustainability within the East Africa region

Foreign Direct Investment and Tourism Development in Africa

This study examines the nexus between foreign direct investment (FDI) inflow and tourism development. Using annual data for 44 countries in Africa from 1995 to 2014, and three different specifications of panel autoregressive distributed lag model, the study investigates short-run and long-run dynamics between FDI and tourism development. The study finds a significant positive relationship and a bidirectional long-run causality between FDI inflows and tourism development. In addition, the results show a negative short-run relationship between exchange rate and tourism development. Furthermore, there is evidence that economic growth and political stability are important determinants of tourism development. A major policy implication for African countries is that creating a politically stable environment and sustaining a growing economy help attract FDI inflows to boost tourism development.

アフリカの観光開発における「よそ者」と「エコロッジ」の役割

アフリカの観光開発における「よそ者」と「エコロッジ」の役割

The nexus between tourism and urban risk: Towards inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable outdoor tourism in African cities

Sub-Saharan Africa is set to increase its tourism sector in urban areas. However, its cities are also settings for numerous struggles over future developments coupled with excess urban risks. The nexus created by the relationship between urbanization, urban growth, urban governance, poverty and inequality, and ecological degradation is altering the sustainability of urban tourism in Sub-Saharan African cities. Inspired by the United Nations’ 2030 Sustainable Development Goal 11; making cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable, this study critically analyses the linkages between risk, justice, inclusion, trust and power relations in urban spaces with the aim to strengthen tourism governance in Sub-Saharan African urban settings. Document analysis is adopted to draw evidence and critically analyse the sustainability of tourism in the three Sub-Saharan cities: Accra, Ghana; Johannesburg, South Africa; and Harare, Zimbabwe. The study reveals that tourism development in Africa is dominantly underpinned by neoliberal development strategies which threaten the sustainability of tourism in African cities. It, therefore, argues for good governance through strong sustainability institutions which strengthen the regulative mechanisms, processes and organizational culture which empowers local communities. Sustainable tourism approaches that are resilient centred have a potential to promote urban tourism in Sub-Saharan African cities.

African Union (AU) Agenda 2063 and tourism development in Africa: contribution, contradiction and implications

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to investigate the contributions of Agenda 2063 in tourism development in Africa while examining the inherent contradictions in its implementation. Ultimately, it brings out a meaningful synthesis of the overall implications and proposes recommendations for an equitable and sustainable tourism development in Africa.Design/methodology/approachThis study draws from desk-based research and content analysis of documents and research studies related to Agenda 2063. A hypothetico-deductive approach was adopted, as this allowed for the deconstruction of text and context.FindingsThe findings reveal several internal inconsistencies which cuts like a double-edge sword. Empirical results show that Africa can emerge as a desirable destination if the aspirations of Agenda 2063 are appropriately popularized and operationalized. African countries need to align their tourism plans with the aspirations projected in the plan. It is imperative that the African Union (AU) oversees that there is consistent and sustainable tourism development across all member states.Research limitations/implicationsThe study draws from and relies solely on available secondary data. This implies that unofficial and unpublicized secondary data (proceedings, concept notes, position papers and archived documents) developed from AU’s conferences and workshops have not been considered. The outcome might therefore be indicative, but not necessarily reflective of trends and hidden realities of Africa.Practical implicationsThe outcome of this empirical study provides an improved understanding of opportunities and challenges faced by African countries seeking to develop tourism as an economic activity. It unveils discrepancies which need address and further articulates recommendations which are practical and workable to achieve the aspiration of Agenda 2063 to be a “United Africa.”Social implicationsThe study provides valuable information for the socio-economic transformation of the continent, one of the aspirations of Agenda 2063. It further seeks to promote social and economic development based on a spirit of Pan-Africanism.Originality/valueUnlike previous studies, this exploratory piece of paper provides a meaningful synthesis of Agenda 2063 from a unique perspective – the double-edge sword approach; it examines the potentials and opportunities the agenda triggers for tourism and at the same time, reveals its contradictions.

ICT, infrastructure, and tourism development in Africa

This study examines the relationship between information and communication technology (ICT), infrastructure, and tourism development in Africa between 1996 and 2016 using a dynamic panel gravity model. Our findings show that ICT and infrastructure have a positive, statistically significant relationship with tourism development; as ICT and infrastructure increase, the level of tourist arrivals also increases. This study also identifies relevant factors including bilateral real exchange rate and gross domestic product per capita of the origin countries, suggesting a major role for the variables measured in the region of origin and for those that serve as a comparison between origin and destination. The effect of distance is statistically significant and negative: countries farthest from the origin countries generate less tourism demand, given the higher transportation costs. Repeat tourism (or habit persistence) and natural resources show a significant and positive effect on tourism development. Overall, the empirical results provide evidence that ICT and infrastructural development have opened huge opportunities for growing and strengthening tourism in Africa.

Business Tourism in Africa: The Case of Cameroon

Existing debates on tourism development in Africa largely focus on the impacts and dynamics of leisure tourism. This study turns attention to neglected issues around business tourism with specific reference to Cameroon. It critically examines the nature of business tourism in the country focusing on Cameroon's two major cities, Douala and Yaounde. The analysis is based upon data drawn from a survey of business tourists staying in local hotels as well as semistructure interviews conducted with hotel managers/representatives. The results reveal a differentiated pattern of business tourism with representation by both domestic and international travelers and formal as well as informal sector business tourists. One distinctive element in the formal economy of business tourists is the group of "bushfallers," which are Cameroonian citizens living abroad but retaining business interests in the country.

Tourism in Africa’s economic development: policy implications

This paper assesses the progress that has been made in realizing the contributions of tourism to Africa’s economic development. It does this by examining the nature of tourism development and identifying problems that have inhibited this. Consequently, the paper highlights the need for intra‐African co‐operation for the provision of an enabling environment and mobilization of strategic resources. It concludes that successful tourism development in Africa is predicated on attention to a range of issues such as clear tourism development objectives, integration of these into national plans, local involvement and control, regional co‐operation and integration, tourism entrepreneurship, etc. Africa’s experience may have relevance to other developing countries seeking to encourage tourism development strategy.

Book Review: The Political Economy of Tourism Development in Africa

Book Review: The Political Economy of Tourism Development in Africa

Increased mortality after coronary artery bypass graft surgery is associated with increased levels of postoperative creatine kinase-myocardial band isoenzyme release: results from the GUARDIAN trial

Sub-Saharan Africa is set to increase its tourism sector in urban areas. However, its cities are also settings for numerous struggles over future developments coupled with excess urban risks. The nexus created by the relationship between urbanization, urban growth, urban governance, poverty and inequality, and ecological degradation is altering the sustainability of urban tourism in Sub-Saharan African cities. Inspired by the United Nations’ 2030 Sustainable Development Goal 11; making cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable, this study critically analyses the linkages between risk, justice, inclusion, trust and power relations in urban spaces with the aim to strengthen tourism governance in Sub-Saharan African urban settings. Document analysis is adopted to draw evidence and critically analyse the sustainability of tourism in the three Sub-Saharan cities: Accra, Ghana; Johannesburg, South Africa; and Harare, Zimbabwe. The study reveals that tourism development in Africa is dominantly underpinned by neoliberal development strategies which threaten the sustainability of tourism in African cities. It, therefore, argues for good governance through strong sustainability institutions which strengthen the regulative mechanisms, processes and organizational culture which empowers local communities. Sustainable tourism approaches that are resilient centred have a potential to promote urban tourism in Sub-Saharan African cities.

In search of an appropriate form of tourism for Africa: lessons from the past and suggestions for the future

This paper examines the concepts of leakage, tourist dollar flows and social exchange by analyzing historical accounts of ‘conventional’ processes of tourism development in Africa found in the tourism literature. It argues that within the context of many Sub-Saharan African economies, ‘conventional’ tourism may actually be more suitable for the developed world than African countries. Suitable alternative perspectives of development in are suggested.

Liberation Wars and Tourism Development in Africa: The Case of Zambia. Victor B. Teye. Annals of Tourism Research, vol. 13, no. 4, 1986, pp. 589-608. Pergamon Journals, Inc., Fairview Park, Elmsford, New York 10523. $75 annual subcription

Liberation Wars and Tourism Development in Africa: The Case of Zambia. Victor B. Teye. Annals of Tourism Research, vol. 13, no. 4, 1986, pp. 589-608. Pergamon Journals, Inc., Fairview Park, Elmsford, New York 10523. $75 annual subcription

Liberation wars and tourism development in Africa: The case of Zambia

Development of Africa's immense tourism potential is severely limited for reasons including lack of capital, distance from the large North American and European markets, the cost of travel to Africa, and Africa's poor image abroad. A key factor contributing to this image problem is political instability. Since World War II, almost all African countries have achieved independence. In several countries, this decolonization process has taken the form of long and often bloody liberation wars. This paper examines the impact of Zimbabwe's protracted liberation war on tourism development in Zambia and suggests that a detailed examination of major internal and external political events associated with the decolonization process in Zimbabwe could provide important perspectives on the obstacles to tourism development in other African countries.