Tour Types Research Articles

Review of the Implementation of the Concept of Sustainable Tourism on the Manado Bay

Sustainable development of the Manado Bay travel coast is essential. Tour coast is one of the foundations of sustainable tourism and has significantly aided in development. The standards of environmental sustainability for coastal tourism must be observed if development is to continue holding fast and providing its greatest contribution. must be planned using the accepted standards of sustainable development. Community participation plays a key role in determining if sustainable ecotourism development criteria are met. This study intends to categorise the city of Manado's coastal tourism patterns from a sustainable tourism development perspective. The research location was carried out on the coast of the Manado bay. Descriptive quantitative research is the methodology employed. According to the study's findings, there were various types of coast and beach. Manado Bay has a variety of tour types, including tours of the beach, the underwater world, culinary travel, and tourism trading. A draught application for sustainable tourism was identified and applied to four locations in a sequential manner with the help of the public. The findings of the study demonstrate that the tourist area dive, tour trade, tour beaches, and tour culinary are where the public's opinion of implementation indicators is most concerned. Understand the terms of the proposed tourist sustainability demonstration that is being held along the Manado Bay coast.

PENGEMASAN PAKET WISATA KEBUGARAN DI DESA SAYAN, KECAMATAN UBUD, KABUPATEN GIANYAR

Wellness and village tourism are one of the travel trends that can be done during the pandemic. To increase interest in this tour, the activities are packaged in an attractive manner, in this study referring to the thematic packaging of fitness tour packages. This research was conducted to determine the potential of wellness tourism in Sayan Village, which was then packaged thematically to become a fitness tour package. The package of this tour package can then be used as a tourism product in Sayan Village. Data collection techniques used in this study, namely observation, in-depth interviews, and literature study. Then, the data analysis technique in this study used descriptive qualitative analysis. Based on data collection, the results obtained are that there are four dimensions of potential fitness tourism in Sayan Village, including the emotional dimension, spiritual dimension, mental dimension, and environmental dimension. The wellness potention is then packaged into thematic tour packages according to the dimensions of wellness. The package packages include the emotional dimension, Sayan Healing Culture Tour with a full day tour type; spiritual dimension, Sayan Authentic Spiritual Tour with half day tour activity type; mental dimension, Sayan Happy Tour with half day tour activities; and environmental dimensions, Sayan Eco Life Tour with half day tour activities.

Exploration of Madura Local Wisdom as a Support for Ethnoscience-Oriented Madura Tourism Database

The purpose of this research is to identify and classify the types of ethnoscience-ecotourism on Madura Island, and examine the supporting and inhibiting factors. This study employs a qualitative descriptive research design and is conducted in the regencies of Bangkalan, Sampang, Pamekasan, and Sumenep. The research instruments include the researchers themselves, interview guides, and other supporting materials, whereas the data sources are primary and secondary data obtained through observation, interviews, and documentation. utilizing interactive analytic techniques to analyze research data Huberman and Miles. The results showed that the types of Madurese local wisdom with the concept of ethnoscience-ecotourism were Aer Mata Ebuh Arosbaya Bangkalan Market, Lon Malang Sampang Beach, Pamekasan Salt Education, and the Sumenep Palace Museum; The clustering of Madurese local wisdom as an ethnoscience-based tourist object that has been carried out shows that the Aer Mata Ebuh Arosbaya Bangkalan Islamic Boarding School is included in the type of religious tourism, Lon Malang Sampang Beach is of the nature and halal syari'ah tourism type, Pamekasan Salt Tourism is of the educational tour type, and the Sumenep Palace Museum type of heritage tourism. Factors supporting the development of ethnoscience-ecotourism in Madura are the concept of place, certain points as references, history in Madura and natural landscapes which are the main attraction for tourists. The inhibiting factors for the development of ethnoscience-ecotourism in Madura are the absence of the participation of the closest government apparatus (Village/POKDARWIS), the uncoordinated route network for the Madura tour network, inadequate transportation routes.

Mobile Serious Game for Enhancing User Experience in Museum

Mobile technology offers new opportunities to enhance the visitor experience in museums. Mobile serious games can support experiential learning with authentic exhibits in an authentic museum environment based on the contextual learning model with the interaction between the personal, socio-cultural, and physical context. In developing the game, we wondered whether it could appropriately motivate and engage different age groups in the museum experience with its challenges of different difficulty levels; whether a mobile game could, through its challenges interacting with the museum environment, prevent “head-down” behavior; and whether museum exhibits could be better recalled by visitors participating in a tour with a mobile game than in two other traditional tours (i.e., guided tours, tours with museum brochures). The results of the study showed that a tour with a mobile serious game with challenges of different difficulty levels is suitable for visitors of two target groups (i.e., families and students). Since each challenge encourages interaction with the museum environment, it could largely prevent “head-down” behavior. The results also show that a tour with appropriately planned multisensory challenges motivates visitors to actively engage with the museum environment, resulting in slightly better recall of exhibits compared to other tour types. The results of this study can help bring museums and the history they represent closer to digital generations, 1 and popularize modern informal learning methods associated with incidental and experiential lifelong learning that can take place anytime, anywhere, and help achieve higher taxonomic knowledge levels.

A tactical multi-week implicit tour scheduling model with applications in healthcare.

In many healthcare tactical scheduling analyses, we need to solve large tour scheduling problems in which required staffing levels vary by time of day and day of week. A tour is a set of shift start times and shift lengths worked over a scheduling horizon of one or more weeks. As the degree of scheduling flexibility increases, the resulting tour scheduling problems get larger and this increase in size is exacerbated when the scheduling horizon is longer than one week. In this article, we present a tactical multi-week implicit tour scheduling model intended to complement operational scheduling systems. The implicit nature of the model allows us to solve problems that would be prohibitively large if modeled using traditional explicit tour scheduling approaches. We incorporate a variety of tour types with both intra-tour start time and shift length flexibility as well as varying degrees of weekend flexibility. We test the performance of our models on a set of medical units with different demand patterns. Computational experiments have shown that the developed implicit model can play an important role in quantifying trade-offs between labor costs, understaffing levels and scheduling flexibility. Our models have been released as an open source project in the hopes of facilitating practitioner use and also providing access to other scheduling researchers.

Tour guide participant characteristics and guided tour requirements based on tour type and participation experience

Eco-tours and other guided tours are expected to expand further, both economically and in terms of enriching the travel experience. Therefore, in order to promote the expanded use of guided tours, we conducted a survey to clarify participation and intent to participate for each guided tour type, characteristics of guided tour participants, and requirements for guided tours by type and by degree of participation experience. The results indicated that the greater the experience of participation, the higher the intent to participate; participation experience and intent to participate were high for "industrial facility tours" and "visiting cultural assets, historical sites, shrines and temples," but low for "environmental conservation activities." Additionally, increased involvement in solely one tour type was found among only a small segment of tour participants; in many cases, participants increased their involvement in various guided tour types. It was further found that the requirements for guided tours can be categorized as "safety, enjoyment, and interaction," "deepening understanding of the region and subject," "efficiency," "effective use of free time," and "leave it to me." These requirements were observed to differ by tour type, but not by participation experience.

Environmental Education in Zoos—Exploring the Impact of Guided Zoo Tours on Connection to Nature and Attitudes towards Species Conservation

In recent decades, zoos have been increasingly transformed into education centers with the goal of raising awareness about environmental issues and providing environmental education. Probably the simplest and most widespread environmental education program in the zoo is the guided tour. This study therefore aims to test whether a one hour zoo tour has an influence on the participants’ connection to nature and attitude towards species conservation. For this purpose, 269 people who had voluntarily registered for a zoo tour were surveyed before and after the tour. In addition to the regular zoo tour, special themed tours and tours with animal feedings were included. The results show a positive increase in connection to nature and a strengthening of positive attitudes towards species conservation for all tour types. For nature connectedness, in particular, people with an initial high connection to nature benefitted from the special themed tours and the tours, including animal feedings. For attitudes towards species conservation, no difference was found between the tour types. The results prove the positive influence of a very simple environmental education program, even for people with a preexisting high level of connection to nature and positive attitude towards species conservation.

The Behavioural Impacts of Commercial Swimming With Whale Tours on Humpback Whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Hervey Bay, Australia

Swim-with-whale tourism has expanded across several countries globally, with humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) being the most commonly targeted species of baleen whale. Behavioural responses from humpback whales to swim-with-whale tours have been reported, however, responses are likely context-dependent. In 2014, swimming with humpback whales began in Hervey Bay, Queensland, Australia, an important resting ground and migratory stopover for humpback whales. The behavioural responses of humpback whales to this swim-with-whale industry have not been examined in Queensland, preventing informed management of this industry. The aims of this study were to: (1) examine short-term behavioural responses in whalesbefore, during, andafterswim-with-whale tours, and (2) investigate behavioural responses of whales throughout swim-with-whale tours compared to whale watch tours. Data were collected on board a commercial vessel, wherebefore, duringandafterdata were collected during swim-with-whale tours (250 h) and whale watch tours (150 h). Within the swim-with-whale tours, behavioural changes were detectedbefore, during, andafterthe vessel approached and placed swimmers in the water on a mermaid line, with the majority of significant changes occurring in theduringandafterphases. The number of direction changes made by the whales was highest when swimmers were in the water and the whales did not resume undisturbed behaviour after the swimmers exited the water. There was a 50% reduction in the proportion of time that whales spent resting during swim-tours compared to during whale watch tours. In both tour types, the time spent engaging in various behaviours was impacted by the distance between the vessel and the whale(s). These results support the conclusion that the behaviour of humpback whales in Hervey Bay was altered in response to swim-with-whale tourism. As humpback whales are capital breeders with limited energy reserves, reducing disturbance to them is of high importance for their continued population recovery and for the sustainability of the marine tourism industry. In Australia, where swim-with-whale tourism is becoming more established, robust education and enforcement programs, combined with continued monitoring of population dynamics through scientific research, are needed to minimise impacts to the population and guide adaptive management strategies.

HOUSEHOLD/ZONAL SOCIOECONOMIC CHARACTERISTICS AND TOUR MAKING: CASE OF RICHMOND/TRI-CITIES MODEL REGION IN VIRGINIA

This paper statistically assesses the impacts of household/zonal socio economic characteristics on tour making within the Richmond/Tri-Cities Model Region, Virginia, United States, based on the dataset made available through the 2009 Virginia National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) Add-On Program. The tour analysis distinguishes nine tour types (three simple tours and six complex tours) stratified by aggregate tour purposes of work (including school and other subsistence activities), maintenance and discretionary. A series of regression model runs have yielded the following conclusions: First, at aggregate level, the number of drivers, median household income, household size, number of workers, and zonal walking modal share are statistically significant and positively impact tour frequency. Tour length and complexity are positively related to household income and number of vehicles, but negatively related to zonal walking modal share. Second, at an individual tour type level, each tour type’s frequency/length/complexity is impacted by a different set of household/zonal socioeconomic characteristics. Zonal socioeconomic characteristics have little or no impacts on household tour making. It is recognized that many unknown factors may also have impacted tour activities, which require further in-depth studies in order to better explain complex tours.This paper statistically assesses the impacts of household/zonal socio economic characteristics on tour making within the Richmond/Tri-Cities Model Region, Virginia, United States, based on the dataset made available through the 2009 Virginia National Household Travel Survey (NHTS) Add-On Program. The tour analysis distinguishes nine tour types (three simple tours and six complex tours) stratified by aggregate tour purposes of work (including school and other subsistence activities), maintenance and discretionary. A series of regression model runs have yielded the following conclusions: First, at aggregate level, the number of drivers, median household income, household size, number of workers, and zonal walking modal share are statistically significant and positively impact tour frequency. Tour length and complexity are positively related to household income and number of vehicles, but negatively related to zonal walking modal share. Second, at an individual tour type level, each tour type’s frequency/length/complexity is impacted by a different set of household/zonal socioeconomic characteristics. Zonal socioeconomic characteristics have little or no impacts on household tour making. It is recognized that many unknown factors may also have impacted tour activities, which require further in-depth studies in order to better explain complex tours.

The Effect of Interaction between Virtual Tour Presentation Type via Web and Orientation Style of Learner on Developing Self- Regulated Skills and Achievement among Primary Stage Pupils

هدف البحث الحالي إلى تقصى أثر التفاعل بين بين نمط تقديم الجولة الافتراضية عبر الويب وأسلوب توجيه المتعلم في تنمية مهارات التنظيم الذاتي للتعلم والتحصيل الدراسي لدى تلاميذ الصف الرابع الابتدائي. تم استخدام التصميم شبه التجريبي (2×2)؛ حيث تضمن التصميم التجريبي متغيرين مستقلين الأول؛ نمط تقديم الجولة الافتراضية الممارسة وله نوعان (حرة مقابل موجهه)، والثاني أسلوب توجيه المتعلم، وله نوعان (نص وصورة مقابل فيديو)، وجاء المتغير التابع ليتضمن مهارات التنظيم الذاتي والتحصيل المعرفي. تمثلت أدوات القياس للبحث فى مقياس التنظيم الذاتي واختبار تحصيلي. تکونت عينة البحث من (100) تلميذ وتلميذة من تلاميذ من الصف الرابع الابتدائي بإدارة شرق کفر الشيخ التعليمية تم توزيعهم على أربع مجموعات. وتم استخدام تحليل التباين ثنائي الاتجاه 2-Way ANOVA، ثم استخدام طريقة توکى Tukey’s Method (فى حالة المجموعات المتساوية العدد) للمقارنات البعدية في حالة وجود فروق دالة إحصائيا بين المجموعات. أوضحت النتائج أن الجولات الافتراضية الحرة کانت أفضل من الجولات الافتراضية الموجهة، وأن أسلوب التوجيه بالفيديو کان أفضل من التوجيه بالنص والصورة في تنمية مهارات التنظيم الذاتي والتحصيل لدى تلاميذ الصف الرابع في تعلم وحدة الجهاز الهضمي في مادة العلوم. کما توجد فروق دالة إحصائيا عند مستوى 0.05 بين متوسطات درجات تلاميذ المجموعات التجريبية في تنمية مهارات التنظيم الذاتي والتحصيل ترجع إلى التفاعل الثنائي بين بين نوع الجولة الافتراضية (مستقلة مقابل موجهة) وأسلوب توجيه المتعلم (نص وصورة مقابل فيديو) عبر الويب لتلاميذ الصف الرابع الابتدائي في وحدة الجهاز الهضمي في مقرر العلوم. This research investigated the effect of interaction between virtual tour presentation type and orientation style of learner via Web on developing self- regulated skills and achievement among primary school fourth graders pupils. A quasi-experimental 2x2 factorial design was employed. Independent variables were two types of virtual tour (independent virtual tour vs. guided virtual tour) and two orientation styles of learner with content (text-picture vs. video), the dependent variables were developing self- regulated skills and achievement. The Research included four experimental treatments via web: (independent virtual tour + text-picture orientation), (independent virtual tour + video orientation), (guided virtual tour + text-picture orientation), and (guided virtual tour + video orientation). The measure tools included scale card of self-regulation strategies of learning, and e- achievement test. The participants were 100 Pupils (males &females) selected from fourth grade, who were randomly assigned to 4 groups. Two Way Analysis of Variance (2-Way ANOVA), and Tukey’s Methods post hoc comparison were employed to analyze data. The results indicated that independent virtual tours were better than guided virtual tours, video orientation style were better than text-picture orientation on developing self- regulated skills and achievement among fourth graders in learning the Digestive System Unit in their science course .There were no significant differences at the 0.05 level between the mean scores of the four experimental groups' pupils in self-regulated skills and achievement which lies in the two ways interaction between the virtual tour type (independent vs. guided), and the learner orientation style (text-picture vs. video) via the web for primary school fourth grade pupils in the digestive system unit in the science course.

ERG 이론을 적용한 한국 20대의 해외여행 기대혜택이 여행유형 선택에 미치는 영향에 대한 실증적 연구

In this study, based on Alderfer's (1972) ERG theory, we examined how Korean twentysomethings’, important consumers in Korea's tourism industry, expected benefits of overseas travel were motivated and how much they affected their choice of travel type. We classified travel types as package tour, package relaxation, free tour, and free relaxation travel types on the basis of group and objective. As a result of the empirical analysis, the free tour travel type was the most preferred. The existence need was the desire for respondents to satisfy the most through the free relaxation travel type, such as the growth need and free tour type, but the relationship need was low in all travel types. The discriminant analysis result also showed high discrimination power in the existence-growth-relationship need for the preferred travel type. The hit ratio was 43.4%. The characteristics of the preferred travel type group inferred by a function of the group center value were lower. The package tour group had a high relationship need, the package relaxation group had a high growth need, and the free relaxation group had a high existence need. The characteristics of the free tour group showed high self-actualization tendency. Meanwhile, most of respondents preferred personal/mental leisure, followed by social/physical leisure. As a result of crosstab analysis between the preferred leisure type and the preferred travel type, personal/mental leisure were the most frequent, except for the package tour type. This study provides useful practical implications for companies as well as academic understanding of Korean twentysomethings’ expected benefits from and motivations for overseas travel.

Comparing alternative methods of collecting self-assessed overnight long-distance travel frequencies

Due to the comparatively low frequency of long-distance and overnight travel, it can be challenging to measure using traditional travel surveys. In response to this dearth of data, several recent surveys have included self-reported frequency questions. However, the value and accuracy of these questions is unclear. This study leverages data from 628 panel members who completed a year-long, online survey in 2013–2014 by comparing their one-time self-assessment of typical overnight trip frequency to those reported in 12 subsequent monthly surveys. The self-assessed frequency of overnight tours, airplane tours and tours to non-North American destinations are consistent for only 68% and 70% of respondents for work and personal tours respectively. For most tour types, consistency is highest for low frequency (never and <1 per year) suggesting, unsurprisingly, that individuals are good at knowing they do not travel. Inconsistent estimators both over- and under-estimated trip-making suggest that not only is recall an issue but that prestige bias and the complexity and variability of long-distance travel are factors in recall as well. Few demographic factors were statistically significant in estimating whether participants were consistent reporters. Only 9% of participants consistently either over- or under-estimated both work and personal trips suggesting that there is simply a general inaccuracy in these survey questions for measuring long-distance travel. The aggregate trip rate across people and trip types was accurate suggesting this crude frequency measure may be acceptable for total frequency but not for understanding relative patterns or details in overnight long-distance travel.

Association between Shopping Items and the Demographics of Foreign Tourists in South Korea

Purposes - In this research, we look over and investigate associations between shopping items and the demographics of foreign tourists in South Korea. The related seven variables are gender, age, occupations, country of residence, visit month, visit purpose and trip type. In addition, we can graph twenty-one shopping items in association with the demographics of foreign tourists by computing their dissimilarity or similarity on two dimension planes granting that the association exists between the underlying variables. Research design and methodology - This research is performed by Ministry of Culture and Tourism in 2017 and investigated 13,200 foreign tourists from 20 countries. For analyzing the detailed relationships between shopping items and the demographics of foreign tourists, we take advantage of both independent test and correspondence analysis as key statistical techniques. Results - The findings show that shopping items which foreign tourists purchase are closely associated with the three different demographics variables such as country of residence, tour type and visit purpose by monitoring significant p-value of chi-squared statistic Conclusions - This study suggests Ministry of Culture, Sports and Tourism must explore ways toward tourism infrastructure such as global marketing, municipality strategy for attracting foreign tourists, development of diverse shopping items and services and so on.

The virtual library tours

The virtual tours make the new type of library information products borrowed from the tourist and museum practice. The author examines theoretical aspects of designing a virtual tour: Its essential components, tour types, technologies to be used. Qualitative features which allow to expect their rapid growth and implementation in many spheres, in particular, in libraries, are revealed. Library virtual tours are specified and characterized based on the study of different types of libraries. For this purpose, the www-sites of 236 libraries were reviewed. Significant divergence in interpreting the term of “virtual tour” in the museum and library spheres is revealed. The most popular technologies of designing such tours are described. The key objects of the library virtual tours are discussed, i. e. library’s history and current situation, individual divisions, or the most valuable units (old manuscripts, rare collections, etc.).

A Tour-Based Mode Choice Model for Commuters in Indonesia

With the advent of activity-based modelling, transport planners’ focus has shifted from isolated trips to tours. Tours are series of interconnected trips that start and finish at home. There are different types of tours; we focus on two: hwh (start at home; go to work; and then go back home) and hw+wh (where + represents a non-work activity). Tour types introduce a new dimension to the traditional problem of travel mode choice, as the mode choice might be influenced by the type of tour. This study attempts to measure and compare the relationship between tour type and mode choice using three different modelling approaches: Multinomial Logit (MNL); Nested Logit (NL) and Cross-Nested Logit (CNL). We compare each approach using secondary data from a larger survey: 24-h daily activity patterns of 420 commuters between Bekasi and Jakarta; one of the busiest commuting routes in Indonesia. Among other results, we found that gender and income significantly influence commuter’s choice of mode and that reducing travel time and cost can increase the ridership of public transport. Furthermore, the NL and CNL models showed significant improvement over the simpler MNL when grouping the alternatives based on tour types. This points to a significant influence of the tour type on the mode choice. Policy recommendations to increase traveler’s wellbeing are also formulated.

Interactive Theatrical Tour as a form of Introducing a City

This article describes a theatrical tour as a modern tour type and studies the features of its organization, as well as the differences from a tour with the elements of theatralization. The authors also describe characteristics of this tour type in Tomsk. The interactive theatrical tour method is a productive form of introducing the history of a city.

A GPS Data Processing Framework for Analysis of Drayage Truck Tours

A Clean Trucks Program (CTP) has been enacted at California’s San Pedro Bay Ports (SPBP) of Long Beach and Los Angeles, to help address major environmental issues associated with port operations. “Clean trucks” (meeting 2007 model year emission standards) that utilized public funds to replace older, polluting drayage trucks were required to be fitted with GPS units for compliance monitoring, with an expectation that freight truck movements could be investigated more precisely. Such implementation also served as a prototype of emerging smart freight mobility concepts, which are often heavily data-driven processes, but which should provide data and insights that are useful to both researchers and practitioners. Accordingly, this paper reports on research to develop a comprehensive framework for processing SPBP clean truck GPS data, to both interpret tour behavior of clean drayage trucks, and to prepare sufficient tour data for clean truck modeling at the SPBP. An important finding is that clean trucks at the SPBP have distinct tour characteristics. First, most completed a tour within one day, but one day of travel behavior is not necessarily representative of any other day. Second, the identified tour types contain repetitive trip patterns while other commercial trucks mostly tend to travel as circulative patterns. These insights into clean truck behavior at the SPBP potentially provide more accurate depictions of current conditions and better projections of future conditions for freight related improvement plans and models.

방한 외국인 관광객 재방문 의도 결정 요인

As the number of foreign tourists visiting Korea increases and competition from neighboring countries for their patronage intensifies, it is more important than ever to induce visitors to return again. Although previous studies have tried to identify the determinants behind foreign tourist repeat visits, most of them used a model that excluded important explanatory variables and that made estimates using data taken from a small sample. To resolve these problems, this study specifies a model to explain foreign tourist intentions to visit Korea again using more relevant explanatory variables, and estimates intentions using data collected from a sample of more than three thousand Chinese and Japanese tourists. The results show that overall satisfaction, the general image of Korea, and the number of previous visits all have a positive impact on the return intention. Tourist nationality (Japanese vs. Chinese) and tour type (free independent travelers, FITs vs. group tourists) are also identified as significant explanatory factors. Other variables being held constant, Japanese tourists and FITs have a stronger average return intention than their counterparts. Finally, it has been found that the effect of overall satisfaction on return intention is attenuated as the number of previous visits increases. These results suggest that omitting any of these explanatory variables from a model cause the OLS estimators to be biased. Furthermore, the results contribute to a more comprehensive and accurate understanding of the relationship between foreign tourist return intention and its determinants.

Modelling Sydney’s light commercial service vehicles

A frequently overlooked source of trips in Sydney (and elsewhere) is light commercial vehicles (LCVs) used by tradesmen and other service workers to travel to customers to provide commercial services. Although these trips have substantial differences from other types of trips (and vehicles), they are frequently included either as standard passenger vehicles or, alternatively, as freight, if they are considered at all. However, light commercial vehicle trips used for commercial services comprise a substantial number of vehicle trips, particularly in areas with large concentrations of businesses such as the Sydney CBD and other growing business precincts, and for this reason should be included in travel demand models. As part of a large project involving the development of a comprehensive model system for predicting passenger, service and freight travel in Sydney (MetroScan-TI), this paper outlines the estimation and application of a set of models for service vehicles. The model system includes four models, a tour generation model, a tour type model, a Statistical Local Area (SLA) choice model and a destination (or travel zone) choice model. These models are estimated using data from a subset of the Sydney Household Travel Survey (HTS) involving work trips using LCVs, as well as detailed land-use and employment data from the 2011 Australian Census. We obtain a set of behaviourally rich and geographically detailed models that incorporate feedback through the use of several inclusive value (logsum) parameters. In addition to the overview of the model system, this paper discusses the estimation results and their application to policies.

Optimal Scheduling for a Service Technician Workforce with Time-varying Work Volume and Technician Availability

A practical scheduling method is developed and implemented to determine the optimal allocation of technicians to candidate tour types and start times in a field service environment. Historical data is aggregated to determine a weekly work volume distribution and technician availability profile. These and other quantitative factors populate a mixed integer programming model for determining the distribution of technician tours that will minimize queueing delay in completing service, subject to side constraints on tour type quantities. The approach has been successfully implemented to schedule installation and maintenance technicians at a major telecommunication service provider and could easily be adapted to other operational contexts.