Total Oxidant Status Concentrations Research Articles

The effect of exogenous melatonin administration before superovulation on embryo yield in Assaf ewes.

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of exogenous melatonin administration on transferable embryos by increasing total antioxidant status before superovulation in Assaf ewes. Selected ewes were randomly divided into two equal groups: melatonin (n = 9) and control (n = 9). In the melatonin group, a melatonin implant (18 mg melatonin, Regulin®, Ceva, Turkey) was placed under the skin of the ear 7 days prior to insertion of the progesterone-containing sponge. In the control group, a physiological saline solution was injected under the skin of the ear on the same day. The same superovulation protocol was used in both groups. In addition, blood samples for determination of Glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, total antioxidant status and total oxidant status concentrations were collected on five different days, including the day of melatonin implant placement (Day-7), vaginal sponge insertion (Day 0), vaginal sponge removal (Day 11), mating (Day 12-13) and uterine flushing (Day 19). Embryos were collected by laparotomy on the 7th day after mating. Uterine flushing taken into petri dishes were scanned under a stereomicroscope, and the quality and developmental stages of the embryos were recorded. In the study, total corpus luteum count and total cell count were found to be higher in the control group than in the melatonin group (p < .05). When the results were evaluated in terms of oxidative stress index, a negative correlation was found between the total number of corpus luteum, number of cells obtained, count of transferable embryos and number of Grade 1 embryos on Day 0. There was also a positive correlation oxidative stress index and the number of unfertilized oocytes on Day-7. As a result, exogenous melatonin administration prior to superovulation during the breeding season is thought to have a negative effect on embryo yield and quality. Therefore, the use of exogenous melatonin in MOET studies during the breeding season is recommended to be investigated in new studies.

Oxidative and nitrosative stress in patients with meningitis

Introduction and aim. Meningitis is an acute inflammation of the protective membranes covering the brain and spinal cord, known as the meninges. In this study, oxidative and nitrosative stress were evaluated in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) and blood samples that were taken from patients with meningitis. Our goal was to identify a fast and a reliable biomarker using these parameters in order to the early diagnose of bacterial meningitis. Material and methods. In this study, 37 bacterial meningitis, 30 tuberculous meningitis and 30 viral meningitis cases were included. Serum/CSF total oxidant status (TAS) and total antioxidant status (TOS) were measured by the Erel method. Nitrotyrosine concentrations were quantified by using ELISA in both serum and CSF Results. Serum nitrotyrosine, CSF TAS and TOS levels were not significantly different in three groups (p&gt;0.05). CSF nitrotyrosine levels were significantly higher in bacterial meningitis than tuberculous meningitis group (p&lt;0.05). Viral meningitis patients had higher serum TOS and TAS concentrations than tuberculous meningitis group (p&lt;0.05). Conclusion. As a result, we can say that the oxidative and nitrosative stress markers studied are not a rapid and reliable biomarker in bacterial meningitis’s diagnosis.

Therapeutic Uses of &amp;lt;i&amp;gt;Lycium barbarum&amp;lt;/i&amp;gt; Polysaccharides on Idiopathic Thrombocytopenic Purpura Mice via Inhibition of Oxidative Stress

The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of Lycium barbarum polysaccharides (LBP) on the treatment of ITP mice and to explore its mechanism. Forty idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) mice were divided randomly into a model control group and LBP groups I, II, III and IV. ITP mice in LBP groups I, II, III, and IV were administered LBP at four different doses (50, 100, 200 and 400 mg·kg-1·d-1, respectively) for 7 days by gavage. Blood samples were collected from the tail veins of the mice after treatment. Platelet counts were determined, and the total antioxidant status (TAS), total oxidant status (TOS) were measured with ELISA kits. The platelet count was (30.28 ± 13.42) × 109/L in the model control group, and the number of platelets in all LBP groups was higher than that in the model control group. The platelet count increased, and it reached (67.09 ± 10.81) × 109/L in LBP group I; the platelet counts in the other three groups increased significantly compared to LBP group I, and they did not differ significantly. TAS concentrations in the LBP groups were significantly increased compared to the model control group, whereas TOS concentrations were significantly decreased. Taken together, these results indicate that LBP is effective at increasing the number of platelet (PLT), and LBP may treat ITP mice via suppressing oxidative stress.

Effects of Propofol on the Liver Oxidative-Antioxidant Balance in a Rat Model of Parkinson's Disease.

Parkinson's disease is caused by the destruction of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra of the midbrain. One of the possible factors involved in the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease is impaired oxidativeantioxidative balance. The present study aimed to evaluate selected parameters of the liver oxidative-antioxidative system in a Wistar rat model with Parkinson's disease treated with propofol. Experiments were performed on 32 rats divided into 4 groups: 1 - control, 2 - Parkinson's disease, 3 - control with propofol, 4 - Parkinson's disease with propofol. The rats were decapitated at 8 weeks of age and their livers were collected. In the liver, the activities of catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione transferase (GST), glutathione reductase (GR) and the concentrations of: Malondialdehyde (MDA), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS) were assessed. The study demonstrated a decrease in CAT activity and an increase in MDA, TOS concentrations in group 2 compared to that of group 1. Administration of propofol in rats of group 4 caused an increase in CAT activity and a decrease in MDA concentration compared to that of group 2 and an increase in TAC, CAT, GR levels, decrease in MDA levels compared to that of group 1. There was also an increase in GR and TAC in group 3 compared to that of group 1. Propofol in Parkinson's disease stimulates the production of antioxidant enzymes in the liver, simultaneously decreasing oxidative stress, which has a beneficial effect on the oxidative-antioxidative balance.

Methylene blue attenuates renal ischemia–reperfusion injury in rats

Background and purposeIn our study, we investigated the effects of methylene blue (MB) on histopathological changes in renal ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury rat model. Material and methodsTwenty-one Sprague–Dawley male rats were divided equally into three groups. Group 1 (control) was administered intraperitoneal saline solution. In Groups 2 (untreated group) and 3 (MB treatment), the renal arteries were clamped, and ischemia (for 1hour) and then reperfusion (for 4hours) were applied. Thirty minutes before ischemia, the untreated group received physiological saline, whereas the treatment group was administered 30mg/kg MB through an intraperitoneal route. Blood samples were drawn, and renal specimens were harvested 5.5hours after physiologic saline injection in the control and immediately after the reperfusion period in the other groups. The levels of tissue superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant status (TAS), plasma urea, creatinine and ischemia modified albumin (IMA) were measured. Moreover, the histopathological damage score of the renal tissue was determined. ResultsMB significantly alleviated the severity of histopathological damage by increasing the levels of tissue SOD and TAS and decreasing TOS concentrations in the renal I/R model (p<0.05). ConclusionAdministration of MB in renal I/R damage may play a protective role.