Value Of Total Mortality Research Articles

«ЭФФЕКТ ЗДОРОВОГО РАБОТНИКА» ПО ПОКАЗАТЕЛЯМ ОБЩЕЙ СМЕРТНОСТИ И СМЕРТНОСТИ ОТ ЗЛОКАЧЕСТВЕННЫХ НОВООБРАЗОВАНИЙ У ПЕРСОНАЛА ПРЕДПРИЯТИЙ ЯДЕРНОЙ И ХИМИЧЕСКОЙ ИНДУСТРИИ: МЕТА-АНАЛИЗЫ

A meta-analysis of studies of the ‘Standardized mortality ratio’ (SMR, in % compared with the general population) indexes of overall mortality and mortality from all malignant neoplasms for nuclear workers (NW) from 15 countries (for 2007), as well as for workers dealing with the most toxic heavy metals (Hg, Cd, Pb, Cu) and beta-naphthylamine (a carcinogenic antioxidant previously used in the manufacture of paints) was carried out. For NW, a ‘Healthy worker effect’ (HWE) was found for both indexes (SMR = 62 (95 % CI: 56; 69) and 74 (95 % CI: 69; 78), respectively). The obtained SMR values for NW were compared with data for other professional groups (the results of meta-analyses and individual studies with maximum and minimum SMR values: from cosmonauts/astronauts, pilots and athletes, to work with chemical compounds in general or with their individual types (solvents, heavy metals, beta-naphthylamine), as well as with asbestos. It was found that the level of HWE for NW is comparable to that for one group of athletes and is significantly (1.30–1.45 times) higher than for chemical production personnel, although the combined data for NW is not final. For workers in the chemical industry as a whole, according to published meta-analyses, HWE was also found in SMR, but weak: the value for total mortality was 90 (95 % CI: 87; 92). At the same time, mortality from all malignant neoplasms compared with the population did not reveal a clear HWE, but was not increased either. The most harmful types of employment are, on the rise, work with heavy metals, in coal mines, with beta-naphthylamine and with asbestos. The data obtained eliminates the prevailing stereotypes and can improve the image of employment in the nuclear and chemical industries in general.

Population dynamics and stock assessment of Hilsa shad, Tenualosa ilisha (Hamilton, 1822) along the coast of Bangladesh

Stock Assessment of Tenualosa ilisha (Hamilton, 1822) were estimated using FiSAT-II software with length-frequency data collected from different landing centers. The Southeast Coast of Bay Of Bengal, Cox's Bazar. The Von Bertalanffy growth parameters Land K for the species were asymptotic length (L∞) was 51.41 cm, growth rate (K) was 0.75 year-1 and t0 = -0.2 year respectively. The estimated value of total mortality (Z) based on length converted catch curve using these growth parameters was 2.35 year-1.Natural mortality (M) based on growth parameters and mean environmental temperature (T = 27° C) was 1.00 year-1 and fishing mortality (F) was 1.35 year-1. Optimum length of hilsa at first capture (Lc=L50) was 28.36 cm TL. Growth performance indices (ϕ') was 3.30. The estimated value of the exploitation rate (E) using the length-converted catch curve was 0.57. The recruitment pattern of this species was continuous and two peaks per year. The present investigation clearly showed the over fishing (E > 0.50) condition for T. ilisha in Bangladesh. The estimated length-weight relationship for the combined sex was found to be W = 0.0109 L3. Virtual population analysis (VPA) showed that the maximum fishing mortality occurring in the length between 30 to 35 cm with a maximum value in the length of 32 cm that repeatedly indicate high fishing mortality in the T. ilisha. The generalized length-weight relationship was fitted with the pooled data of all monthly samples were BW = 0.029 TL2.718 (R2= 0.833) respectively. The results revealed that all length-weight relationships were highly correlated (r > 0.993). Maximum sustainable yield (MSY) was estimated as 435,554 t.
 Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(2): 231-241, 2020

Dynamics of registered alcohol-attributable mortality in Krasnodar Krai

Aim. Description of current dynamics of registered alcohol-attributable mortality in Krasnodar Krai.Materials and methods. The study was conducted using official statistics reports and published materials of the Federal State Statistics Service. The survey covers 1,398,636 cases in Krasnodar Krai from 2000 to 2018, including 42,612 deaths from alcohol-related causes. Intensive (IM), extensive (EM) and standardised mortality (SM) rates were estimated according to the European Population Standard. Statistical analyses were performed with Microsoft Office software.Results. Krasnodar Krai displays a positive trend of alcohol-attributable mortality (AAM), with a reduction rate 3.5 times above the similar total mortality (TMR) values (74.4 vs. 21.5%). The decline is more pronounced in both men and women compared to the country average. Thus, AAM in men and in women was 2.9 and 3.7 times lower, respectively, in Krasnodar Krai in 2018. At the same time, TMR values were similar, 1,245.2 against 1,200.6 per 100,000 population in the Russian Federation and Krasnodar Krai, respectively (p <0.05). Alcoholic cardiomyopathy, alcoholic liver disease and poisoning prevailed as causes of AAM for almost the entire period analysed, with their total cumulative contribution varying from 55.6 to 91.7%.We demonstrate a steady growth of AAM incidents subject to state registration in Form C-51 (from 4 in 2000 to 17 in 2018), which hampers a retrospective analysis of AAM dynamics in terms of individual nosologies’ contribution.Conclusion. The trends revealed objectively illustrate a positive AAM dynamics in Krasnodar Krai. However, overall contribution of alcohol-attributed causes to the current total mortality profile of the population is underestimated. Recommendations in national healthcare are needed for step-wise improvement and strict supervision of statistical indicator reporting, particularly, of death causes associated with alcohol intake.

Crecimiento y mortalidad del pez Canthidermis sufflamen (Perciformes: Balistidae) de los archipiélagos Los Frailes y Los Testigos, Venezuela

Canthidermis sufflamen has become a low cost food resource in high demand in El Tirano fishing community, and captures have been increasing in recent years. Since there is a lack of information on this resource population dynamics in Venezuela, the goal of this research was to provide some biological-fishery parameters, and has as general objective to determine growth and mortality of the triggerfish of Los Frailes and Los Testigos Archipelagos, Federal Territories of Venezuela. For this, a total of 3 595 specimens were collected from El Tirano commercial fishing, every week, from May 2012 to April 2013. We determined total length (cm), total weight (g), and sex for each specimen. No sexual dimorphism was shown with respect to length (ts = -0.96; p > 0.05), so one length-weight ratio was established for both sexes: W = 0.164*L2.26;and they both exhibited minor allometric growth. Growth was estimated by analysis of the frequency distribution of lengths, using FiSAT software. Growth parameters, estimated by the von Bertalanffy model, were considered slow, being L∞ = 61.69 cm, W∞ = 1 868.40 g, k = 0.36 / year, and to = -0.65 years. The maximum age was A0.95 = 8 years. The growth index (Ø′), showed a value of 3.14. The exploitation rate E = 0.72 / year, using total mortality values Z = 2.67 / year, natural M = 0.73 / year and from fishing F = 1.93 / year, indicates that C. sufflamen is being over-exploited by the artisanal fishers of El Tirano. We recommend following some harvest guidelines that will reduce mortality rate due to fishing.

Crecimiento y mortalidad de la concha nácar Pteria sterna en bancos silvestres de Baja California Sur, México

La concha nácar Pteria sterna sustenta los perlicultivos en México, y es la base de producción de perlas en el continente Americano. Está bajo protección especial desde 1994, y solo puede capturarse semilla natural para cultivo e investigación. Determinamos su crecimiento y mortalidad en bancos silvestres, registrando la altura de ostras de Santa Rosalía, Mulegé y Bahía de Loreto (1997-99). La longitud máxima estimada fue 130.35 mm (124.22-136.48 mm, P > 0.95). Las frecuencias de longitudes se ordenaron en un año virtual (Guanco 1991). Los parámetros de crecimiento de von Bertalanffy estimados con el programa ELEFAN I fueron: L8= 156.02 mm, k=0.48año-1, t0 =-0.216 años, C= 0.43 y WP = 0.73; el índice de desempeño de crecimiento fue Φ’ = 4.068. La mortalidad total fue de Z = 3.34 año -1 por longitud convertida a curva de captura. La regresión del peso total y la altura tuvo la expresión W = 0.000756 * L(i) 2.7075 (r2=0.90, n=233). Mostramos la diferencia entre los parámetros de crecimiento en condiciones de repoblamiento experimental y aquellos de individuos silvestres de P. sterna. El valor de mortalidad total es comparable a aquellos de Pinctada fucata en el mar Rojo o P. radiata en el mar Mediterráneo.