Total Asymmetry Research Articles

Good vs. bad volatility in major cryptocurrencies: The dichotomy and drivers of connectedness

Cryptocurrencies exhibit unique statistical and dynamic properties compared to those of traditional financial assets, making the study of their volatility crucial for portfolio managers and traders. We investigate the volatility connectedness dynamics of a representative set of eight major crypto assets. Methodologically, we decompose the measured volatility into positive and negative components and employ the time-varying parameters vector autoregression (TVP-VAR) framework to show distinct dynamics associated with market booms and downturns. Our findings indicate that crypto connectedness reflects important events and oscillates substantially while reaching lower limit values when compared to traditional financial markets. Periods of extremely high or low connectedness are clearly linked to specific events in the crypto market and macroeconomic or monetary history. Furthermore, existing asymmetry from good and bad volatility indicates that market downturns spill over substantially faster than comparable market surges. Overall, the connectedness dynamics are driven by a combination of both crypto (momentum, on-chain activity, off-chain activity) and legacy financial and economic (financial and economic uncertainty, and financial market performance) factors, while the asymmetry is more connected to the off-chain crypto activity and the combination of economic, financial, and monetary factors. In both the total connectedness and asymmetry modeling, these can serve as hands-on indicators to be further translated into specific portfolio re-balancing decisions, risk management, and regulatory frameworks.

Purely flavored leptogenesis from a sudden mass gain of right-handed neutrinos

In this paper, we would like to point out that in the scenario that the right-handed neutrinos suddenly gain some masses much larger than the temperature of the Universe at that time so that the washout effects for the lepton asymmetry generated from their decays can be neglected safely, the purely flavored leptogenesis scenario (in which the total CP asymmetries for the decays of the right-handed neutrinos are vanishing and the successful leptogenesis is realized by virtue of the flavor non-universality of the washout effects) cannot work in the usual way any more. For this problem, we put forward that the flavor non-universality of the conversion efficiencies from the flavored lepton asymmetries to the baryon asymmetry via the sphaleron processes may play a crucial role. And we will study if the requisite baryon asymmetry can be successfully reproduced from such a mechanism in the scenarios that the right-handed neutrino masses are hierarchical and nearly degenerate, respectively. A detailed study shows that this mechanism can be viable in both these two scenarios.

The Effect of Knee Height Asymmetry on Gait Biomechanics.

Though the primary goal for limb length discrepancy (LLD) management is to equalize the leg lengths, symmetry between corresponding long bones is usually not achieved, leading to knee height asymmetry (KHA). To date, there is minimal information on what effect KHA has on gait biomechanics and joint loading. Thus, the purpose of this study is to determine the impact of KHA on gait biomechanics. Seventeen subjects with KHA after limb equalizing surgery and 10 healthy controls were enrolled. Subjects participated in 3D gait analysis collected using self-selected speed. Lower extremity kinematics, kinetics, work generated/absorbed, and total work were calculated. Standing lower limb x-rays and scanograms were used to measure LLD and calculate the tibia-to-femur (TF) ratio for each limb. Two sample t tests were used to compare differences in standing LLD, TF ratio, and work between groups. Bivariate correlation using Pearson correlation coefficients was conducted between TF ratio and total mechanical work, as well as between knee height asymmetry indices and total work asymmetry (α=0.05). Among participants, there were no differences between LLD; however, there were differences between TF ratio and knee height asymmetry. We found a nonsignificant relationship between TF ratio and total mechanical work for individual lower extremities. Therefore, the length of individual bones (TF ratio) relative to each other within the individual lower extremity was not associated with the amount of work produced. However, when a difference exists between sides (asymmetry, ie, TF ratio asymmetry), there were associated differences in work (work asymmetry) produced between sides (r=0.54, P =0.003). In other words, greater knee height asymmetry between limbs resulted in more asymmetrical mechanical work during walking. These findings may have implications for the management of LLD. Asymmetrical total mechanical work could lead to atypical joint loading during gait. Surgeons may want to consider prioritizing achieving knee height symmetry as a postoperative goal when correcting limb length discrepancy. Level III, Case Control Study.

Baby Observational Selective Control AppRaisal (BabyOSCAR): Scores at 3 months predict functional ability, spastic cerebral palsy distribution, and diagnosis at 2 years.

To assess the predictive capabilities of the Baby Observational Selective Control AppRaisal (BabyOSCAR) tool, administered at 3 months corrected age, in determining spastic cerebral palsy (CP) outcome, functional abilities, and body topography at 2 years of age or later. Independent joint motions were measured at age 10 to 16 weeks from video recordings of spontaneous movement using BabyOSCAR in a sample of 75 infants. All included infants had known 2-year outcomes (45 with spastic CP and 30 without CP) including Gross Motor Functional Classification System (GMFCS) levels and CP body distribution. Receiver operating characteristic curves and cut points indicating greatest sensitivity and specificity were generated for predictive performance. Total BabyOSCAR score was a strong predictor of future outcome of spastic CP (cut score of 22.5, sensitivity = 98%, specificity = 100%, area under the curve = 0.99), and was able to distinguish children classified in GMFCS levels I and II from those in III to V (cut score of 13.5, sensitivity = 92%, specificity = 89%, area under the curve = 0.94). Having an (absolute) asymmetry score on the BabyOSCAR of more than 5 was a predictor of having unilateral CP at age 2 years (sensitivity = 56%, specificity = 100%, area under the curve = 0.86). BabyOSCAR scores are predictors of diagnosis, body distribution, and future gross motor function in infants with spastic CP at 2 years of age or later. Decreased independent joint movement at 3 months predicts spastic cerebral palsy (CP) at 2 years. Baby Observational Selective Control AppRaisal (BabyOSCAR) scores ≤13 are predictive of Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) levels III to V. BabyOSCAR scores of 14 to 22 are predictive of GMFCS levels I and II. A BabyOSCAR total asymmetry score >5 predicts unilateral CP. Stereotyped movements are more prominent in those who will be diagnosed with spastic CP at 2 years.

The Effect of Supplementation with Organic Acid and Oregano Oils in Drinking Water on Pekin Duck Growth and Welfare

This study evaluated duck growth, health, and welfare in response to water supplementation with organic acid (OA) and oregano oils (OOs) in Pekin duck. The treatments used in this study included a control (CON) treatment with no water additives given, an OA treatment (ProPhorce Exclusive NC®), and an OO treatment (Nubiotic 4X Concentrate®). The OA and OO improved the feed conversion ratio (FCR) and body weight (BW) (p < 0.01) compared to the control (CON). Both OA and OO showed differences (p < 0.05) in villus height and crypt depth compared to the CON. But only OA showed an increase (p < 0.01) in villus height and villus height/crypt depth ratio. On D 35, the total plasma corticosterone levels, heterophil-to-lymphocyte ratios, and asymmetry scores for OA and OO were decreased (p < 0.05) compared to CON, indicating lower stress susceptibility. The pH levels of OA ceca and jejunum were lower (p < 0.05) compared to CON. Tibia breaking strength was increased (p = 0.02) for OA compared to CON, while no differences were found with OO (p > 0.05). In conclusion, these experiments indicate that OA and OO can be used to improve duck growth, feed efficiency, stress susceptibility, and bird welfare.

The Relationship Between Hand Preference and Mandibular Asymmetry: A Preliminary Study

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between functional laterality (hand preference) and mandibular asymmetry in skeletal Class I, normodivergent patients.
 Methods: 21 left-handed and 40 right-handed Class I normodivergent patients were included in the study. The hand preferences of the participants were determined by using the Oldfied hand preference questionnaire. Mandibular condylar height (CH), ramal height (RH), and total height (CH+RH) were measured on pretreatment panoramic radiographic images of the patients, and asymmetry values were obtained according to the formula of asymmetry indices. Data were analyzed with the Student’s t-test and Pearson chi-square.
 Results: Right and left CH values were greater in left-handed patients than in right-handed patients. Right and left RH and CH+RH values were greater in right-handed patients than in left-handed. However, there was no difference between the measurements (p > .05). There was no significant relationship between the functional values and hand-use preference (p > .05).
 Conclusions: Hand use preference was not associated with condylar, ramal, and total mandibular asymmetry.

Vertical mandibular asymmetry and hand measurements in patients in growth: cross-sectional study.

The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between the vertical mandibular ramus asymmetry and the hand measurements asymmetry in growing patients. Panoramic radiographs and comparative radiographs of the right and left hands of 40 patients (14 males and 26 females) between 6 and 16 years old (mean age of 11.35±1.99 years) were evaluated. The total height of the mandibular ramus was measured, and the asymmetry index was calculated. The lengths of the proximal, middle and distal phalanges and the metacarpals of the five digits of both hands were measured and the absolute differences R-L were calculated for each one. A statistically significant association between the presence of vertical mandibular ramus asymmetry and the presence of phalanges asymmetry FPII (p=0.016), FPIII (p=0.016), FPIV (p=0.033), FMIII (p=0.031) and FMIV (p=0.016) was observed. Mandibular asymmetry appears not to be isolated but also present in other body districts such as the phalanx bones. The total vertical asymmetry of the mandibular ramus showed an association with the asymmetry of the lengths of the FPIII, FMIII, FPIV, FMIV and FPII in growing individuals, with association between the side of mandibular asymmetry and the side of the phalanx's asymmetry. The asymmetry of this phalanges increases with increasing index of vertical mandibular ramus asymmetry.

Correlation between Bilateral Muscle Loading Asymmetry and Neck Pain - A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study

Background: Neck discomfort is a common musculoskeletal disorder which often manifests into scapular asymmetry, muscle imbalances, and restricted joint mobility. This study attempts to establish the correlation between asymmetries of the posterior chain muscles and individuals with neck pain. Method: 85 subjects, 36 male and 49 female, were required for this study. A biomechanical postural evaluation using a Postural bench and Neck Disability Index (NDI) score was taken for further analysis in this study. Result: The relationship between the NDI, scapular asymmetry and pelvis asymmetry was highly significant. A significant relationship was seen between lumbar asymmetry and NDI whereas no relationship was found between NDI and total body asymmetry. Conclusion: It is concluded that the neck disability was significantly related to scapular and pelvis load asymmetry, however, the total body asymmetry was not significantly related.

Characterization of Cortical and Subcortical Structural Brain Asymmetry in Adults with and without Dyslexia.

Multiple cortical (planum temporale, supramarginal gyrus, fusiform gyrus) and subcortical (caudate, putamen, and thalamus) regions have shown different functional lateralization patterns for skilled vs. dyslexic readers. The extent to which skilled and dyslexic adult readers show differential structural lateralization remains to be seen. Method: Participants included 72 adults (N = 41 skilled; N = 31 dyslexic) who underwent a high-resolution MRI brain scan. The grey matter volume of the cortical and subcortical structures was extracted. Results: While there were clear behavioral differences between the groups, there were no differences in any of the isolated structures (i.e., either total size or asymmetry index) and limited evidence for any brain-behavior relationships. We did find a significant cortical-cortical relationship (p = 0.006) and a subcortical-subcortical relationship (p = 0.008), but not cross-over relationships. Overall, this work provides unique information on neural structures as they relate to reading in skilled and dyslexic readers.

Risk of complications in panfacial bone fracture according to surgeons: A meta-analysis

BackgroundPanfacial bone fractures pose intricate challenges due to severe fragmentation and loss of landmarks. Surgeons use a variety of reduction techniques, including bottom-up and top-down approaches. This single proportional meta-analysis explores sequencing differences and complications between oal and maxillofacial Surgery surgeons (OMSs) and plastic and reconstructive surgeons (PRSs) in treating panfacial bone fractures. MethodsThe PubMed and Scopus databases were searched systematically, and we compiled fourteen studies published between 2007 and 2023 involving 1238 patients. A systematic review of the included studies was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines, and data on the reduction techniques; total complication rates; and rates of malocclusion, enophthalmos, infection, asymmetry, and aesthetic complications were collected. ResultsThe bottom-up technique was the most prevalent for both types of surgeons (57.1%, 8 out of 14). Malocclusion rates (I2=0% for OMSs and 41% for PRSs) were similar between the groups (p=0.72), but PRSs tended to have a lower enophthalmos rate (I2=0% for OMSs and 32% for PRSs) than OMSs (p < 0.01). Infection rates remained consistent across all studies. However, high heterogeneity was observed for the total complication rate (I2=94% for OMSs and 85% for PRSs) and asymmetry and aesthetic complications (I2=88% for OMSs and 92% for PRSs), making direct comparison between the two groups inconclusive. ConclusionsIn this study, the differences in surgical techniques and levels of interest have a greater impact on the outcomes of panfacial bone fracture than the surgeon’s specialty. However, more in-depth studies are needed to accurately pinpoint panfacial bone fracture reduction trends and differences in postoperative complications in the two expert groups.

Functional Movement Analysis in 11-13 Age Group Football Players: Total Score, Asymmetries, and Technical Skill Tests

Functional Movement Analysis in 11-13 Age Group Football Players: Total Score, Asymmetries, and Technical Skill Tests

Enhancing sensitivity to leptonic CP violation using complementarity among DUNE, T2HK, and T2HKK

After the landmark discovery of non-zero theta _{13} by the modern reactor experiments, unprecedented precision on neutrino mass-mixing parameters has been achieved over the past decade. This has set the stage for the discovery of leptonic CP violation (LCPV) at high confidence level in the next-generation long-baseline neutrino oscillation experiments. In this work, we explore in detail the possible complementarity among the on-axis DUNE and off-axis T2HK experiments to enhance the sensitivity to LCPV suppressing the theta _{23}-delta _{textrm{CP}} degeneracy. We find that none of these experiments individually can achieve the milestone of 3sigma LCPV for at least 75% choices of delta _{textrm{CP}} in its entire range of [-180^{circ }, 180^{circ }], with their nominal exposures and systematic uncertainties. However, their combination can attain the same for all values of theta _{23} with only half of their nominal exposures. We observe that the proposed T2HKK setup in combination with DUNE can further increase the CP coverage to more than 80% with only half of their nominal exposures. We study in detail how the coverage in delta _{textrm{CP}} for ge 3sigma LCPV depends on the choice of theta _{23}, exposure, optimal runtime in neutrino and antineutrino modes, and systematic uncertainties in these experiments in isolation and combination. We find that with an improved systematic uncertainty of 2.7% in appearance mode, the standalone T2HK setup can provide a CP coverage of around 75% for all values of theta _{23}. We also discuss the pivotal role of intrinsic, extrinsic, and total CP asymmetries in the appearance channel and extrinsic CP asymmetries in the disappearance channel while analyzing our results.

Understanding the low-energy incomplete fusion reactions

With a motivation to find out the systematics for the low-energy ($\ensuremath{\approx}4$--7 MeV/nucleon) incomplete fusion reactions, the experimentally measured excitation functions for evaporation residues, which were populated during the interactions of $^{18}\mathrm{O}$ with $^{159}\mathrm{Tb}$ target nuclei, have been studied. The analysis clearly exhibits that the $xn/pxn$ channels are populated to a large extent through the complete fusion processes. Although, the production cross-section of the $\ensuremath{\alpha}$-emitting channels, despite of deducting the precursor decay contribution, found to be significantly under-estimated by the statistical model predictions. The observed enhancement, which may be attributed due to the involvement of break-up fusion processes, is found to be get larger with the incident energy. In addition, the present work in light of the literature data imparts the reliance of incomplete fusion processes on various entrance channel parameters, such as the mass-asymmetry of the interacting partners, fissility parameter and also on the ${Z}_{P}{Z}_{T}$ (Coulomb factor). These systematics inarguably indicates the projectile type dependency of the incomplete fusion reactions, and the results may be explained on the basis of the $\ensuremath{\alpha}\text{\ensuremath{-}}Q$ value of the projectile. Furthermore, an attempt has been made to explain the trends of incomplete fusion fractions through the total asymmetry parameter and the system parameter, where system parameter seems to explain the data more satisfactorily, as it incorporates the Coulomb factor as well as the masses of the interacting partners.

Indications for a Nonzero Lepton Asymmetry from Extremely Metal-Poor Galaxies.

The recent measurement of helium-4 from the near-infrared spectroscopy of extremely metal-poor galaxies by the Subaru Survey may point to a new puzzle in the early Universe. We exploit this new helium measurement together with the percent-level determination of primordial deuterium, to assess indications for a nonvanishing lepton asymmetry during the big bang nucleosynthesis era, paying particular attention to the role of uncertainties in the nuclear reaction network. A cutting-edge Bayesian analysis focused on the role of the newly measured extremely metal-poor galaxies, jointly with information from the cosmic microwave background, suggests the existence of a nonzero lepton asymmetry at around the 2σ level, providing a hint for cosmology beyond lambda cold dark matter. We discuss conditions for a large total lepton asymmetry to be consistently realized in the early Universe.

Model Catanionic Vesicles from Biomimetic Serine-Based Surfactants: Effect of the Combination of Chain Lengths on Vesicle Properties and Vesicle-to-Micelle Transition

Mixtures of cationic and anionic surfactants often originate bilayer structures, such as vesicles and lamellar liquid crystals, that can be explored as model membranes for fundamental studies or as drug and gene nanocarriers. Here, we investigated the aggregation properties of two catanionic mixtures containing biomimetic surfactants derived from serine. The mixtures are designated as 12Ser/8-8Ser and 14Ser/10-10Ser, where mSer is a cationic, single-chained surfactant and n-nSer is an anionic, double-chained one (m and n being the C atoms in the alkyl chains). Our goal was to investigate the effects of total chain length and chain length asymmetry of the catanionic pair on the formation of catanionic vesicles, the vesicle properties and the vesicle/micelle transitions. Ocular observations, surface tension measurements, video-enhanced light microscopy, cryogenic scanning electron microscopy, dynamic and electrophoretic light scattering were used to monitor the self-assembly process and the aggregate properties. Catanionic vesicles were indeed found in both systems for molar fractions of cationic surfactant ≥0.40, always possessing positive zeta potentials (ζ = +35-50 mV), even for equimolar sample compositions. Furthermore, the 14Ser/10-10Ser vesicles were only found as single aggregates (i.e., without coexisting micelles) in a very narrow compositional range and as a bimodal population (average diameters of 80 and 300 nm). In contrast, the 12Ser/8-8Ser vesicles were found for a wider sample compositional range and as unimodal or bimodal populations, depending on the mixing ratio. The aggregate size, pH and zeta potential of the mixtures were further investigated. The unimodal 12Ser/8-8Ser vesicles (<DH> ≈ 250 nm, pH ≈ 7-8, ζ ≈ +32 mV and a cationic/anionic molar ratio of ≈2:1) are particularly promising for application as drug/gene nanocarriers. Both chain length asymmetry and total length play a key role in the aggregation features of the two systems. Molecular insights are provided by the main findings.

Vertical asymmetry of the condyle and mandibular ramus measured by cone beam computed tomography (CBCT)

Mandibular asymmetries can be defined as morphological variations that indicate disproportion in its size, shape or position between the right and left side. In Ecuador there are no investigative contributions on the vertical symmetry of the condyle and mandibular ramus despite its importance and its affordable diagnosis through panoramic radiography. For this reason, the importance of this study is evident, for which Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) was used from adult patients from the Faculty of Dentistry of the University of Cuenca of the seventh cycle of the dental career, in which a higher prevalence of mandibular asymmetries is evidenced in the female gender and in Class II skeletal type patients. Through the Habets method, it was possible to determine the index of vertical asymmetries, concluding that there is a higher index of vertical asymmetries in the condyle, followed by asymmetry in the ramus, and finally, with a lower percentage, the total asymmetry of the condyle and ramus.

Comparison of the asymmetry index determined on digital panoramic radiographic images and on posteroanterior cephalometric images: aretrospective cross-sectional study.

The purpose of this study was to compare the asymmetry index determined on digital panoramic radiographic (PR) images and posteroanterior cephalometric (PACR) images. This study included 100patients whose PR and PACR images were registered in adatabase. Condylar height, ramus height, and condylar height plus ramus height measurements were measured bilaterally. Condylar asymmetry, ramus asymmetry, and total asymmetry were evaluated. There was astatistically significant difference between the right and left side for all measurements when evaluated on the PR and also on the PACR images (p < 0.01). When calculating the asymmetry index, the resulting condylar asymmetry and ramus asymmetry values did not show significant differences between PR and PACR images. On the other hand, only the presence of total asymmetry showed astatistically significant difference between techniques (p = 0.013). Asymmetry indices can be reliably obtained from both PR and PACR images.

Observational study investigating the relationship between maxillomandibular characteristics and temporomandibular disc conditions in female patients with a skeletal class III pattern.

The objective of this study was to analyze the relationship between maxillomandibular characteristics and the severity of temporomandibular disc displacement in female patients with a skeletal class III (SKIII) pattern. Fifty-seven samples were included in the study. The evaluation of articular disc conditions was conducted using magnetic resonance imaging, while 25 cephalometric variables from lateral and postero-anterior (P-A) cephalograms were measured to determine their maxillomandibular characteristics. The samples were categorized into three groups based on the articular disc conditions: (1) normal disc position (NDP), (2) disc displacement with reduction (DDwR), and (3) disc displacement without reduction (DDwoR). The relationship between the maxillomandibular characteristics and disc conditions was examined through both basic statistical analysis and multivariate analysis using principal component analysis (PCA). The Kruskal-Wallis and Dunn-Bonferroni tests revealed a significant difference between the groups in terms of the deviation of mandibular characteristics observed on the P-A cephalogram. The DDwoR group exhibited significantly larger menton deviation, ramal height asymmetry index, and total mandibular length asymmetry index compared to the NDP and DDwR groups. Moreover, the PCA successfully extracted all cephalometric variables into eight principal components. Among them, only the principal component related to mandibular asymmetry was able to differentiate the SKIII samples with DDwoR from the other groups. The findings of this study highlight a significant relationship between mandibular asymmetry and the severity of disc displacement, particularly DDwoR, in female patients with a SKIII pattern.

Pre-season body composition has minimal influence on in-season match availability, and match performance in female Australian Football League (AFLW) players.

This study examined the relationship between pre-season body composition, in-season match performance, and match availability in female players competing in the Australian Football League Women's (AFLW) competition. With the outlawing of body composition assessments as part of pre-draft player evaluations in the AFLW, this study seeks to examine whether this is justified. Twenty-two (n = 22) players had body composition assessed with dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry at the beginning of the 2021 AFLW pre-season (whole-body and regional fat mass and lean soft-tissue mass [LSTM]). In-season match availability and match performance data (Coaches Score [CS], Champion Data Player Rank, average disposals, disposal and kicking efficiency) were collected throughout the 2021 competition. Pearson correlations were performed to assess if associations existed between body composition and in-season match performance and availability. A median split was performed to divide players into higher and lower performing groups for match performance variables. Two-sample independent t-tests were then used to assess differences between groups. No body composition characteristics could differentiate between in-season match availability groups (100% availability vs. <100% availability) or higher and lower performing groups for all match performance variables. Total leg LSTM asymmetry shared a moderate negative association with CS. Body composition may not be important for determining in-season match availability and performance in female AFLW players. Thus, the repercussions following the removal of pre-draft body composition assessments across the league may not be as significant as is currently perceived. Other physiological, biomechanical, or performance qualities are more variable and may mask the effect of body composition in these players. AFLW practitioners should prioritize the development of other important attributes, such as aerobic fitness, muscular strength and power, and technical skill.

Donna Orange: Sistemas intersubjetivos, Filosofía y Ética

In this paper we examine Donna Orange's contribution to ethics within the psychoanalytic clinic, from the perspective of the theory of intersubjective systems and the critique of the Cartesian isolated mind. Above all, she says we must place a radically asymmetrical relationship, of infinite responsibility to the other person. The ethical approach proposed by Orange derives from the ideas of Emmanuel Levinas, regarding the curvature of the intersubjective space and the total asymmetry before the face of the other, which we cannot take as an object of knowledge, and, later, that of the Danish philosopher, Knud Ejler Løgstrup, also a huge defender of that asymmetry: a person is a debtor because he or she exists and has received his life as a gift. We criticize this absolutism of moral obligation that is based on “debt”, concept very close to “guilt”, and not from “joy”. We criticize this proposed absolutism of the moral obligation that is based on "debt", close to "fault", and not from joy, and which poses what we consider a moral egocentrism. Ultimately, who is the subject of the moral mandate?