Analysis Of Toponyms Research Articles

Lexical-semantic analysis of toponyms of khojavand district

The onomastic system of the Azerbaijani language did not remain stable, it constantly changed, and onomastic units replaced one another over time or new ones were created. This event does not happen suddenly, but in connection with the social-political, economic, and historical events taking place in the country and the world, it happens over time and is based on certain regularities. The new onomastic unit created in our language is created according to the rules of the Azerbaijani language and reflects the characteristics of our language. By studying and researching the onomastic units that indicate the antiquity of the Azerbaijani language, it is possible to reveal a number of issues related to the past and language of the people, and to help solve important problems of language, history, ethnography, geography and other fields of science. Toponyms, which form a branch of onomastics, are formed in different forms. The linguistic analysis of toponyms gives us information about the past, history, language, culture, public and social life of the people. In this regard, the study of toponyms of Khojavand region and their historical-linguistic analysis is very important. Place names provide conditions for studying the geographical objects inhabited by people in the historical past, the areas where they are spread, and language features. In terms of studying the history of our language, toponyms are of great importance. In the creation of toponyms, various words - person, tribe, clan, animal, heavenly bodies, plant names, etc. plays an important role. There are the following groups of Azerbaijani toponyms: anthropotoponyms, ethnotoponyms, hydrotoponyms, zootoponyms, phytotoponyms. In addition, there are object names related to the relief structure of the earth: oikonyms, urbanonyms, choronyms, oronyms, dromonyms, social-political toponyms, memoir-memorial toponyms, cosmotoponyms, and descriptive toponyms.In the article, research was conducted on only a certain part of toponyms in Khojavand region.

Toponymic unity of the Carpathian region

Abstract The article lists 26 toponyms that are characteristic and common in the entire Carpathian region. They have been selected according to their toponymic classification (mostly oronyms, hydronyms, and oikonyms), and their etymology. These toponyms are commonly observed in the parts of the Carpathian Mountains located in Czech Republic, Poland, Romania, Slovakia, and Ukraine. As the basis for the toponymic analysis, we accepted a common appellative of Romanian or Slavic origins. Migrations of peoples of Slavic and Romanian (Vlach) origin had a significant influence on the dissemination of these toponyms, mainly due to pastoral transhumance and the so-called Vlach colonization. The toponyms were analyzed in semantic and structural terms. The list presents a variety and richness of regional forms which may be encountered in different Carpathian dialects as a legacy of ancient language contacts.

Diminutive names in Peninsular Arabic

AbstractIn the Arabian Peninsula, lexically diminutive personal names, family names and place names are ubiquitous. In a dataset of 9,060 Arabian names, 1,717 (19 per cent) are diminutive. This article finds that the diminutive pattern CiCēC (cf. Classical CuCayC) has meanings and functions in Arabic names that are distinct from its meanings and functions in common nouns. In addition to expected meanings related to size, the diminutive carries partitive and attributive meanings. It may simply mark a name (as an onymic) or derive a name (as a transonymic). The diminutive may disambiguate two similar names found in close proximity (e.g. Diba ≠ Dubai). The form and function of the diminutive differ categorically according to what kind of name is diminutivized, supporting the semantic-pragmatic theory of names. A quantitative analysis of toponyms indicates that diminutive names are associated with Bedouin dialects and practices, as suggested by previous research.

The place of toponymy in the language’s lexical system and structural morphological analysis of toponyms of Great Britain and Azerbaijan

The place of toponymy in the language’s lexical system and structural morphological analysis of toponyms of Great Britain and Azerbaijan

Toponyms as constructs of military dimension in the Ukrainian poetic discourse of 2022–2023

Background. The onym dimension of artistic expression undergoes noticeable transformations under the influence of important historical events. The armed aggression of the Russian Federation, which began in 2014, and especially its full-scale period, could not help but affect the mentality of Ukrainians, and their literary creativity, and, accordingly, the selection, organisation and coding / recoding of linguistic means in lyrical texts.Contribution to the research field. The author’s scientific interests are focused on literary onomastics and the study of changes in the Ukrainian discourse of the modern era. The analysis of toponyms in the Ukrainian poetic discourse of the period of the full-scale armed aggression of the Russian Federation has not yet been the subject of close research attention. These findings raise intriguing questions regarding the extent of society’s diverse speech response to the colossal tragedy.Purpose. The purpose of this research is to investigate the peculiarities of the development of toponymy in modern poetic discourse using the example of the latest constructions of military dimension.Methods. The article uses the sampling method, method of classification description, comparative-semantic method and contextual-interpretive analysis.Results. Modern poetic discourse has significantly expanded its placename dimension with the latest markers of the Russian-Ukrainian war, which are structured into the opposition “own – enemy” / “own – foreign.” The appearance of such precedent units is determined by an extralinguistic factor, and their choice is determined by the authors’ artistic guidelines and the personal perception peculiarities of the tragedy. The highest productivity in the construction of military dimension is shown by oeconyms represented by the largest number of lexemes denoting the places of hostilities (Bakhmut, Beryslav, Burluk, Bucha, Borodianka, Brovary, Volnovakha, Vorzel, Horenka, Hostomel, Enerhodar, Izium, Irpin, Kakhovka, Kyiv, Konotop, Kramatorsk, Kupiansk, Manhush, Mariupol, Mariinka, Mykolaiv, Moschun, Olenivka, Oleshky, Okhtyrka, Romanivka, Soledar, Kharkiv, Kherson, Chernihiv, Shchastia, etc.), rear (Lviv, Chernivtsi, Uzhhorod, Ivano-Frankivsk, Ternopil), places where the enemy is located (Perm, Irkutsk, Rostov) and places where refugees are sheltering (Krakow, Warsaw, Lisbon, Cascais). It is natural that the toponymic constructs of the military dimension consistently actualize the semantics of martyrdom, suffering, and death, often against the background of sacralization.Discussion. We see research prospects in the continuation of the study of the open toponymic dimension of modern Ukrainian poetry as a powerful construct of the artistic understanding of war.

Sejarah Asal-Usul Penamaan dan Perkembangan Kawasan “Okura” di Pekanbaru pada Abad ke-20

This research explores the History, Origin, and Development of the Okura Area, which originated from Okura Estate (plantation) in Pekanbaru in the 20th Century. The study employs a historical method, relying on toponymic analysis. The method includes heuristic, criticism, interpretation, and historiography steps. the techniques for collection the data are archival study, literature review, and interview. Okura Estate is one of the relatively large rubber plantations established by Baron K. Okura during the Dutch Colonial period. The existence of Okura Estate in Pekanbaru during the Dutch colonial period (in the 20th century) reflects life on plantations during that time, the role of the Japanese in the region, the involvement of external labor and the local community, and how these elements intertwined in the past, contributing to the cultural heritage in the Okura area that persists to this day. The research reveals the complexity behind historical, toponymic, environmental, and cultural aspects to uncover the evolution of Okura Estate over time.

The functions of toponyms in the works by K. F. Zhakov

Introduction. In Finno-Ugric studies, as well as in Komi linguistics, the language of fiction is insufficiently studied, including the functions of toponyms in prose. At the beginning of the XX century in Russia, the writer Kallistrat Falaleevich Zhakov was widely known. At the same time, he also studied Komi and Finno-Ugric linguistics. The onomastic material of the works by K. F. Zhakov has not yet attracted the attention of researchers of his works, although toponymic vocabulary plays a special role in the artistic picture of the writer’s world. Materials and Methods. The research is based on the books by K. F. Zhakov “To the North, in search of Pam Bur-Mort” and “Through the system of life”. When writing the article, traditional methods of linguistic research, used in the analysis of toponyms, were applied: descriptive, comparative-historical, semantic, etc. Results and Discussion. The research value of the works is based on the fact that the geographical names of K. F. Zhakov artistic and semantic meaning of the connection with the past and eternal, present and future spiritual space of the North. The geographical environment determines the entire structure and storylines of the books. The action in them directly depends on the spatial movements of the hero, and the toponyms form the core of travel. The works can be considered as a single autobiographical text. “To the North, in search of Pam Bur-Mort” and “Through the system of life” are the books of wanderings. The main rhythm of the story is created by geographical names. The article presents oikonyms, oronyms and hydronyms from two works of the writer. Conclusion. In the texts of two works of fiction by K. F. Zhakov analyzed in this paper, real toponyms perform two main functions: informative and artistic-symbolic.

The politics of colonial residential place names in Zvishavane, Zimbabwe: unmasking European hegemony

ABSTRACT The research is a qualitative analysis of the names that were given to residential places in Zvishavane during the colonial period. It seeks to examine the politics of naming through an analysis of toponyms of Shabbanie Mashava Mines residential areas in a bid to unmask European Hegemony. The research is inspired by nommo, a tenet of Afrocentricity through the use of discourse analysis and semi-structured interviews with the elderly members of Zvishavane community who were mine employees during the colonial period, the research recognises that colonial residential place names of the then Shabbanie mines show the dichotomies that existed between the white population and the black population. The names were meant to communicate colonial ideologies which were meant to place the African race at the periphery and the European race at the centre. The environment that produced toponyms around Zvishavane town reveals an insatiable appetite for the valorisation of European memory and privileges. The study concludes that naming is not a haphazard endeavor, but rather, a weapon that was used in the colonial period to lampoon and castigate the Black race. Through names, the paper exposes the nature of relations that existed between Blacks and Whites.

TOPONYM AS A CLASS OF PROPER NAMES

The article illustrates on the principles of toponyms as well as it includes some methods of descriptive and semantic analysis of toponyms. The main task of this article is to give a brief overview of toponyms (place names) found in Namangan region. By knowing the origins of various toponyms, changes that occurred in a language become much clearer because we learn what or who may have caused a certain linguistic phenomenon. Moreover, it is given various types of toponyms and features of them. This research is an attempt to highlight various principles according to which it is possible to group the place names.

ТОПОНІМІКА ЄВРОПИ НА МАПІ УКРАЇНЦІВ XVI–XVIIIСТОЛІТЬ(ЗА МАТЕРІАЛАМИ ПИСЕМНИХ ПАМ’ЯТОК)

The article delves into the study of toponymy in Europe and how Ukrainians, during the 16th and 18th centuries, assigned geographical features with names of their world conception reflected in the linguistic worldview. Ukrainian written monuments provide valuable insight into various aspects of the lives of our ancestors, including their material and spiritual culture and the linguistic heritage of Ukrainian language speakers from that period. Additionally, they offer an in-depth look into the linguistic portrait and worldview of Ukrainians, their perceptions of themselves, their surroundings, distant and nearby world, foreign lands, customs, and rituals. Words that preserve centuries-old linguistic experiences are fundamental elements of systemic means that serve as substrates, particularly in cementing linguistic formations, such as phrases. This study aims to investigate toponyms and toponymic appellatives, focusing on hydronyms, specifically the names of seas. The findings reveal that the toponymic appellatives МОРЕ – SEA and ОКЕАН – OCEAN, in contrast to their present-day counterparts, were considered synonymous and, in the Ukrainian imagination, referred to a vast body of water. The analysis of toponyms and hydronyms, especially the names of seas on the European continent, demonstrates that Ukrainians used two to four names to designate a single hydro object, suggesting that they have not yet established the geographic nomenclature system on the European map. The study affirms the assertion of many language historians that geographical vocabulary constitutes one of the earliest strata of language and contains valuable information for interdisciplinary research across various domains, such as linguistics, culture, history, archaeology, and ethnography.

Жамбыл облысының микрогидронимдерін зерттеудегі жасанды және табиғи су көздері атауларының көрінісі

A large number of natural and artificial water sources are found on the territory of Zhambyl region. This is due to the fact that in the territory located in the mountainous region, the names of rivers, lakes, streams, wells with rich reserves of water resources are often found, and the nature of hydrological objects is clearly indicated. It can be said that the terms defining geographical names that characterize natural water sources have an ecological and geographical basis. Natural water sources have played an important role in the economy and provide extensive geographical information from history. From modern historical and archaeological data it can be seen that the first human settlements were located near water bodies. The article analyzes specific data on the manifestations, formation and features of the names of artificial and natural water sources in the study of microhydrogems of the Zhambyl region. The names of water bodies (hydronyms) are based on hydrographic terms. With the help of the terms contained in the hydronyms, it is possible to determine the type, nature and geographical features of water bodies. Toponymic analysis, geoinformation methods of differentiation and drawing conclusions were used in the study of microhydronyms of Zhambyl region.

A morphosyntactic and semantic analysis of toponyms among the Luhya: A case of Bungoma County

Onomastics,the study of names has remained an area of marginal significance in research despite its importance in language studies. This paper conducts a morphosyntactic and semantic analysis of toponymns (place names) among the Luhya group of speakers in Western Kenya, Bungoma County. A structural and functional approach is used to analyse the naming patterns with the idea that African names, as signs of language, can be divided into two morpho-syntactic categories:nominal that is, they constitute single words, or syntagmatic, meaning they are made up of sentences or phrases. Purposively sampled thirty place names are selected from the IEBC inventory and nine key respondents from the nine sub counties. The 30 names are subjected to morpho-syntactic analysis whereas the semi-structured interviews are used to elicit data on etimology and meaning of names from the nine respondents within the framework of the Frame Semantic theory by Fillmore, (Fillmore, 1982). The theory is used to ascertain whether the meaning-making elements in the respective toponymns reflect the historical functions and meanings embedded within the names.The findings reveal that Luhya place names are generated through grammatical rules as a result of word transformations. Such names are generated from nominals and their resulting phrases through derivational morphology.Three word formation processes namely, pre-fixation, compounding and borrowing are exhibited in the naming process. Semantically, the study reveals that Luhya place names are transparent and descriptive in terms of their function. Places are named after topographical features, historical events, climatic conditions and prominent people.

«Рукописный портулан Каспийского моря 1519 года» Весконте Маджоло как источник по исторической географии Прикаспия

Research objectives: To conduct a detailed comparative analysis of the toponymic source known as “Hand Drawn Portolan of the Caspian Sea (1519)” by Vesconte Maggiolo, and ascertain the range and chronology of its sources. Research materials: At the turn of the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries, there were a few navigational maps – portolan charts – created in Italy which contained rather precise outlines of the coastline of the Caspian Sea. The present Portolan excels all earlier items in terms of precision of the depicted topographical realities of the region. The quality of the map we are examining was surpassed only in the seventeenth century after Peter I’s hydrographic expeditions. The high level of shoreline’s precision also strongly suggests that the map was based on authentic topographic input. Maggiolo’s map contains 136 geographical names. Results and novelty of the research: For the first time ever in domestic scholarship, we conducted a comparative historical analysis of the hand drawn portolan chart of the Caspian Sea. We also proved the correlation of some toponyms of the West Caspian region with the Timurid and local sources that covered the military campaigns of Amir Timur in the region. In our view, the “Hand Drawn Portolan Chart of the Caspian Sea (1519)” created by Vesconte Maggiolo is one of the most notable among similar works. It finds many common features with the portolan from the island of Lesina, but also contains some common elements with the Mallorca cartographic school and Fra Mauro, Egerton MS 73, and Egerton MS 2083. This research allows us to extend and systematize our understanding of Italian cartography in relation to the Caspian region. It also details or adds some facts about the presence of Europeans in this region during the Golden Horde era. Based on this topographic and toponymic analysis, we furthermore come to a conclusion that the portolan in question is derived from a protograph created in the first half of fifteenth century, reflecting the realities of the turn of the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries.

MYTHOLINGUISTIC ANALYSIS OF DIFFERENT TOPONYMS IN KARAKALPAK EPICS

This article provides information on the type of folk descriptive analysis of the analysis of toponyms, the origin of some toponyms in Karakalpak folk tales, toponymic legends and myths associated with them. Thus, theoretical materials on the mytholinguistics formed in linguistics and its object of study are presented. Legends and myths in Karakalpak folklore related to the origin of some toponyms in Karakalpak epics are analyzed. The peculiarities of the population's naming of geographical objects are studied. Toponyms in Karakalpak epics such as "Adak kala", "Konyrat", "Khorezm", "Chimbai", "Bagdad", "Nur ata" are analyzed. It was noted that the naming of geographical objects by the Karakalpak people is often associated with human names.

Introduction of the reindeer image into the culture of Old Sami people

The subject of this research is the process of introducing the reindeer image into the life and culture of Old Sami people. From the perspective of cultural continuity, the author sets a scientific task to find culturological evidence of the existence of Old Sami people (native speakers of the southern genetic component of the Sami language). The method of conducing this research is the records of décor element, their direct comparison applicable the culture and geographical location of the settlement of Old Sami people. The territory between the Upper Sukhona and the Upper Volga Rivers is selected as geographical location for introduction of the reindeer image into the culture of Old Sami people. The analysis of acquired data gives outlook on the culturological situation in the middle of the 1st millennium BC. The reindeer image is introduced into decorative and applied art, as well as into the culture (lifestyle, household). For getting a broader perspective, the author carries the analysis of toponyms and climatic processes of this period. The novelty of this work consists in application of the synthesis of sciences to the question of comprehension of the cultural processes taking place within the environment of Old Sami people during their dwelling between the Upper Sukhona and the Upper Volga Rivers. The research result consists in acquisition of data that specify the time and place of introduction of the reindeer image into the culture of Old Sami people. The visual match of decorative geometric elements in the Sami decorative patterns and regional decorative ornaments gives grounds on the historically common main cultural heritage in the decorative and applied art of the indicated region. The conclusion lies in finding the culturological evidence of dwelling of the ancient Sami people in the territory between the Upper Sukhona and the Upper Volga Rivers, and the process of cultural development taking place during this period.

Językowo-kulturowy obraz ziemi bocheńskiej utrwalony w mikrotoponimii gminy Żegocina

The subject of the article is the reconstruction of the image of the Bochnia land based on the analysis of toponyms collected in the commune of Żegocina. Toponymic linguistic material was examined in the context of cultural linguistics, which allowed it to reflect the image of the former village and its inhabitants, as well as to indicate the characteristic dialectal features present in this area.

On certain structural models of Chamalal toponyms

This article is dedicated to the analysis of structural models of toponyms in Chamalal language. Current realities are such that examination of toponymic system of any region deserves special attention. Research of the system must be based on studying the characteristic toponymic structures, which prompts the onomatologists to systematize them in accordance with structural peculiarities. Structural analysis of toponyms with determination of toponymic models and affixes is framework and a so-called approach towards further research. The subject of this research is the toponymy of non-written Chamalal language of the Republic of Dagestan. The goal consists in the analysis of structural patterns of isolated Chanalal toponyms of the rural localities of Upper and Lower Gavkari, Gigatli, Gadiri of Tsumadinsky District of Dagestan. The article involves field material of the author Z. M. Alieva acquired during the expeditions of 2018-2020). The novelty lies in the fact that this article is first to carry out a structural analysis of toponymic units of Chamalal language. Toponymic material is subjected to quantitative characterization the author analyzes its different in structure geographical names, and determines separate word-forming elements. The study of toponyms remains one of the paramount tasks of the national (including Dagestani) and foreign linguistics, which defines relevance of the selected topic. This branch of linguistics is important in multiple areas of science: solution of linguistic tasks, questions of interaction of ethnic groups and their cultures, problems of ethnogenesis and ethnic history of the peoples.

ЮКАГИРСКИЕ ГЕОГРАФИЧЕСКИЕ ТЕРМИНЫ В ТОПОНИМИИ БАССЕЙНА РЕКИ КОЛЫМА

The article continues the author's research on the toponymy of the North-East of the Sakha Republic, in particular the Kolyma river basin, in the aspect of the interaction of related and unrelated languages. The relevance of this work is defined in the description of local geographical terminology of Yukagir origin, as a valuable and important material in the further study of toponymy of the region. For the first time, the toponymy of the Kolyma river basin becomes the object of sampling and linguistic analysis of toponyms with local geographical terms of Yukagir origin in order to identify and analyze them linguistically. The research was carried out by comparative method, word formation, structural, lexical and semantic analysis. As a result of the research, phonetic and morphological features are revealed, the formation of local geographical terms and geographical names of Yukagir origin is outlined, and previously unrecorded semantic shifts and dialectisms are revealed. The most active in the formation of terms and toponyms is the geographical term iилil / eҕal 'coast‘, which is justified by the representation of the Yukagirs’ coast' home, housing

Etymologie ludowe w toponimach na pograniczu polsko-ruskim

Toponyms are interesting linguistic material. They contain knowledge about the environment of our existence - its formation, wealth, history, and even about spatial or social relations. The purpose of this article was to obtain and analyse naming material (names and their folk etymologies) from seventeen villages located within three rural communes on both sides of the San River. The analysis was based on comparison of folk and scientific etymologies. This allowed to answer the questions of how current residents of the former ethnic borderland understand foreign names in their localities, what kind of conceptualisation of the world emerges from folk etymologies, and whether the river San as a natural obstacle significantly influenced the linguistic concepts of its right and left-bank residents. The analysis of toponyms indicates that in rural communities of the studied area, proper names were often motivated by historical, settlement and topographic specifics. Therefore, simple motivation dominates here: creators most often referred to physical properties such as shape and appearance. From other aspects, location, function and local residents were often considered. The relatively high percentage of names with foreign phonetic influences, largely incomprehensible to their contemporary users, stems from the turbulent history of this area and the overlapping Ruthenic, Slovak and other influences. No statistically important differences in conceptualisation of the world between the residents of the east and west sides of the river were detected.

Cheshire’s Celtic Place-Names

Cheshire, settled by Anglo-Saxons in the later seventh century, has many placenames of British origin, as well as Irish place-names given by tenth-century migrants from Ireland. Twenty-seven real or supposed instances are discussed here: Arclid, Antrobus, Arrow, Bollin, Brynn, Cilgwri, Crewe, Dane, Dee, Eccleston, Goyt, Ince, Landican, Liscard, Lostock, Lyme, Mellor, Mottram, Noctorum, Peover, Rhedynfre, Tarvin, Tintwistle, Tybrunawt/Tybrunawg, Weaver, Werneth, Wheelock. Ten of them are provided with derivations at variance with The Cambridge Dictionary of English Place-Names and other handbooks. Also discussed are three Welsh forms (Cilgwri, Rhedynfre, Tybrunawt/Tybrunawg) sometimes related to Cheshire. Although the second is certainly Farndon in the county’s south-west, the first and third have no Cheshire link. Cilgwri may be identified as a place near Corwen, Denbighshire. Tybrunawt/Tybrunawg or ‘Brunian House, House on (the River) Browney’, a book-name for the location of the Battle of Brunanburh in 937, should be identified with the Roman fortress of Lanchester above the River Brune or Browney, Co. Durham. Hence Brunanburh means ‘fortress of the Browney’. Other historical information is provided by Arclid, apparently the Arecluta where the British-Latin writer Gildas was born in 493. Analysis of toponyms thus provides new data on Cheshire’s past, while refuting earlier theories.