Similar Topics Research Articles

Accessibility Measures to Evaluate Public Transport Competitiveness: The Case of Rome and Turin

The transport sector worldwide relies heavily on oil products, and private cars account for the largest share of passenger mobility in several countries. Public transport could represent an interesting alternative under many perspectives, including a decrease in traffic, pollutants, and climate emissions. However, for public transport to succeed, it should be attractive for final users, representing a viable alternative to private mobility. In this work, we analyse the spatial distribution of public transport service provision within two metropolitan cities, considering the three key dimensions of mobility, competitiveness, and accessibility of public transport. The results show that private car performs better than public transport in all scopes considered, and that performance indicators are highly variable among city areas, indicating inequalities in social and environmental sustainability in urban systems. The outcomes of the analysis provide interesting insights for policy makers and researchers that deal with similar topics, and can also be extended to other cities and countries.

Critical construction waste minimization strategies for a circular economy in developing countries: A contractor’s perspective in China

AbstractDeveloping countries are often burdened by substantial construction waste (CW) generated through urbanization and urban renewal activities, highlighting the urgent need for effective CW minimization strategies to facilitate their transition towards a circular economy. Although previous studies have examined similar topics at various stages of construction projects from different perspectives, a comprehensive study integrating all critical stages from a contractor’s perspective is still lacking. To fill this gap, this study aims to identify critical CW minimization strategies in developing countries, with a holistic concentration on the planning, design, and construction stages, using China as a case study. æThe research began by compiling a comprehensive list of CW minimization strategies tailored to developing countries, based on an extensive desktop survey and a focus group interview, resulting in 32 strategies. A subsequent questionnaire survey with leading CW management experts and rigorous statistical analyses have identified 9 strategies as critical for minimizing CW in developing countries. Finally, through exploratory factor analysis, seven fundamental principles for CW minimization have been established: “Planning for CW Minimization” for the planning stage; “Optimized Design of Building Structures,” “Optimization of Design Process,” and “Stakeholders’ Efforts in the Design Stage” for the design stage; and “Optimization of Construction Techniques,” “Stakeholders’ Efforts in the Construction Stage,” and “Efforts on CW Disposal” for the construction stage. This study offers valuable insights for stakeholders in developing countries, empowering them to effectively minimize CW through targeted strategies, facilitating the transition to a circular economy and supporting the realization of the "zero-waste city" goal.

Heterogenous Analysis of KeyBERT, BERTopic, PyCaret and LDAs methods: P53 in Ovarian Cancer use case

In recent times, researchers with Computational background have found it easier to relate to Artificial Intelligence with the advancement of the transformer model, and unstructured medical data. This paper explores the heterogeneity of keyBERT, BERTopic, PyCaret and LDAs as key phrase generators and topic model extractors with P53 in ovarian cancer as a use case. PubMed abstract on mutant p53 was first extracted with the Entrez-global database and then preprocessed with Natural Toolkit (NLTK). keyBERT was then used for extracting keyphrases, and BERTopic modelling was used for extracting the related themes. PyCaret was further used for unigram topics and LDAs for examining the interaction among the topics in the word corpus. Lastly, Jaccard similarity index was used to check the similarity among the four methods. The results showed no relationship exists with KeyBERT, having a score of 0.0 while relationship exists among the three other topic models with score of 0.095, 0.235, 0.4 and 0.111. Based on the result, it was observed that keywords, keyphrases, similar topics, and entities embedded in the data use a closely related framework, which can give insights into medical data before modelling.

CHILD FEEDING BEHAVIOUR, NUTRITIONAL STATUS, AND FOOD AND NUTRITION SECURITY AMONG PRESCHOOLERS IN A SOCIALLY VULNERABLE AREA

Food insecurity (FI) can directly impact children’s eating behaviour and nutritional status, potentially leading to long-term health issues. This study aimed to examine the relationship between children’s eating behaviour, nutritional status, and FI among preschoolers in a socially vulnerable area of a municipality in Southern Brazil. A cross-sectional, quantitative study was conducted involving children aged 2 to 5 who were beneficiaries of the Bolsa Família Program (BFP). Data were collected using the Child Eating Behavior Questionnaire (CEBQ) and the Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale (EBIA). Nutritional status was classified using height-for-age and BMI-for-age indices. The study comprised 90 children, with 59.0% experiencing food insecurity. Girls exhibited a higher average score of disordered eating behaviour compared to boys, indicating a stronger interest in food. Nutritional status analysis revealed a high prevalence of overweight risk (43.30%), particularly among boys. A significant association was observed between BMI-for-age (eutrophy) and food insecurity (p=0.003). The majority of eutrophic children also experience food insecurity. There is a need to carry out research on similar topics in order to support the development of public policies on food and nutritional security.

Multi-Task Learning with BERT, RoBERTa, GPT-3.5, ELECTRA, and XLNet for Urgency Classification, Topic Similarity, and Sentiment Analysis in MOOCs

Multi-Task Learning with BERT, RoBERTa, GPT-3.5, ELECTRA, and XLNet for Urgency Classification, Topic Similarity, and Sentiment Analysis in MOOCs

Western architectural ornamental art in traditional Chinese architecture: a case study of Tengchong City based on interdisciplinary approach

ABSTRACT This paper explores a previously unrecorded style of East-West architectural ornamentation in Tengchong, Yunnan Province, China, overlooked in historical architectural studies. The aim of this research is to both document and analyze this unique blend of Eastern and Western architectural elements, employing both qualitative and quantitative methods. Initially, literary research identifies relevant sites, which are subsequently examined through field research to collect firsthand data on the local architectural decorations that exhibit this East-West synthesis. Employing an interdisciplinary approach that integrates concepts from biology and statistics, the study views these architectural decorations as a living organism. This perspective allows for a detailed examination of how different cultural elements are incorporated into local architecture, analyzed quantitatively and statistically. Through this research, a qualitative description of these hybrid architectural elements is developed, further enriched by a quantitative analysis based on statistical methods. The qualitative aspect of the study traces the historical evolution of this East-West architectural form, observing changes in themes and structures. In terms of quantitative findings, a detailed statistical profile of these local architectural features is established, which supports the qualitative insights. Overall, this research sheds light on a neglected aspect of architectural ornamentation, presenting a thorough analysis of its development and current state through an innovative mix of qualitative and quantitative research techniques. This study not only provides new data but also opens up fresh avenues for future research on similar topics.

Schiff base approach to introduce chitosan-phytic acid complex for flame-retardant cotton fabrics

In this study, chitosan was integrated onto cotton fabric fibers through a Schiff base reaction, followed by the in-situ generation of Chitosan-Phytic acid (CH-PA) complex to achieve green flame retardancy. The process began with oxidizing the fabric using sodium periodate (NaIO4) to create numerous aldehyde groups on the fiber surface. Subsequently, CH was grafted onto the fabric via a Schiff base reaction. The fabric was then immersed in a PA solution to form a CH-PA complex, resulting in a novel and highly efficient flame-retardant (FR) fabric. The structure of the treated fabric was analyzed by using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), confirming the successful formation of the desired structure. The thermal stability and flame retardancy of the fabric were systematically evaluated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), cone calorimetry (CONE), vertical combustion tests, and limiting oxygen index (LOI) measurements. The LOI increased from 17.6 % to 30.6 %, and vertical combustion tests demonstrated self-extinguishing capabilities when the fabric was treated by the NaIO4 solution at concentrations of 0.02 g/mL or higher. In the CONE test, the modified fabric showed significant improvements, with peak heat release rate (pHRR) and total heat release (THR) decreasing by approximately 80 % and 60 %, respectively. Comprehensive analysis indicated that the FR mechanism involved both gas phase and condensed phase actions. Further characterization of the material included tensile testing and wash resistance assessments. By comparing these findings with recent research on similar topics, the advantages and disadvantages of the materials were thoroughly evaluated. Notably, this work provides a robust experimental foundation and conceptual expansion for the green flame retardancy of cotton fabrics.

Effect of diet on the management of hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults from low-income and middle-income countries: protocol for a systematic review of randomised controlled trials.

Hypertension and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) are two highly prevalent non-communicable diseases worldwide, both leading to disability and premature mortality in low-and-middle-income countries (LMICs). Nutritional interventions towards a healthier dietary pattern or food and nutrients intake have an important role on the management of this disease. This systematic review aims to evaluate the effect of nutritional interventions on the management of blood pressure and glycaemia in adults with hypertension and T2DM from LMICs. We will conduct a systematic review of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) on the effect of nutritional interventions on blood pressure and glycaemia in adult patients with hypertension and T2DM. Literature search will be conducted in MEDLINE, EMBASE, Scopus, Cochrane and Web of Science databases from anytime until April 2024. Nutritional interventions would have been applied in addition to regular or standard treatment, which is prescribed and/or provided by the healthcare system. Studies in English and Spanish will be selected and reviewed by two independent reviewers. Risk of bias will be assessed using the Cochrane tool for RCTs. Heterogeneity and publication bias will be estimated using the I2 and Egger's test, respectively. Ethics approval was not required for this systematic review, considering there was no direct data collection or participation of patients. The investigators will write a manuscript of the final detailed report with the study development and main findings to be published in a peer- reviewed journal. The main findings may be shared with academia partners and groups working on similar topics in LMICs, in addition to policymakers and authorities in these countries. CRD42023483847.

Navigating the Maze: A Systematic Review of Empirical Studies on Tax Avoidance and Its Influence Factors

There is a wealth of research on the factors influencing tax avoidance, and it has gradually become a global topic of interest. However, few studies systematically identify which factors influence corporate tax avoidance and how they do so. Many studies on similar topics show significant differences in conclusions across countries. Therefore, a systematic review of the relevant literature on tax avoidance is necessary, as it will help us understand the current state of research and offer insights and directions for future exploration of the reasons behind these discrepancies and the discovery of new factors influencing tax avoidance. This study analyzes 97 empirical studies on tax avoidance, aiming to clarify influencing factors by categorizing themes and summarizing findings. Literature was sourced via Scopus and divided into three sections: Factors influencing tax avoidance in Western countries, factors in China, and future research prospects. Tax avoidance is a complex issue vital to firms’ high-quality development. The study underscores that differing methodologies may lead to varying conclusions, systematizing the literature and drawing comparisons among various perspectives. By enhancing understanding of tax avoidance, the effort provides a foundation for future investigations into practical strategies for firms, contributing to a comprehensive understanding of tax avoidance and emphasizing the importance of a coordinated approach among stakeholders.

Meinong and Twardowski on Representations and Judgements

This paper discusses the intellectual relationship between Meinong and Twardowski, focusing on their ideas about representations and judgements, which are in part extraneous to Franz Brentano’s philosophy. The two philosophers addressed similar topics and their respective positions can be seen to overlap in some regards. This is shown by looking at their views on judgements about relations, intuitive and non‑intuitive representations, and Twardowski’s represented judgements, which display some strong analogies with Meinong’s assumptions.

Evolving trends and advanced applications of engineering materials in contemporary aircraft: a review

This review article discusses the engineering materials used in aircraft, with a focus on aluminum alloys, titanium alloys and composite materials, including where and why they are most used in aircraft. There are many research papers that deal in detail with materials such as aluminum alloys, titanium alloys and composites used in an aircraft, including theoretical and experimental results. However, the author felt that a review of aircraft materials was necessary, both for himself and to help others interested in similar topics. In addition, the author felt the need of thinking back to the past on what materials used to be prevalent and what materials have superseded them. One such example written in this study is the case of Aluminum that used to be the predominant material in aircraft structural components, has been increasingly supplanted by polymer composites in recent years due to their advantageous properties. It is hoped that from this review article the reader will be able to understand the general trend of recent developments in aeronautical engineering materials and be able to choose which path to follow and which area to focus on in their future research.

Application of artificial neural network for description of the Earth remote sensing data to identify natural habitats used by European elk, Alces alces (Linnaeus, 1758), in autumn-winter period 2023

The paper presents the results of using neural networks of pixel-by-pixel image classification to decipher multichannel space images obtained by the Landsat 8 satellite. Natural habitats were identified based on differences in phytocenotic characteristics of land areas. The level of use of areas by elk was determined by the occurrence of elk presence indicators, which were the density of winter excrement piles (in spring) and the abundance of winged forms of the monoxenous ectoparasite of elk, Lipoptena cervi (Linnaeus, 1758), as measured by the number of individuals attacking the census taker (in the summer-autumn period). The material that forms the basis for deciphering was obtained by the route census method in different areas of the Leningrad Province. High values of the measured parameters were recorded in reforestation areas, in wet pine and birch forests, in aspen forests, on the edges of raised bogs and in overgrown fields – typical elk winter feeding habitats. Based on the data on the maximum values of the measured parameters, a positive correlation was established for the first time between the abundance of winged forms of L. cervi and the physiological activity of the host (the density of the piles of “winter” excrement). The paper also provides a valid reference to the material of schematic maps developed for a part of the territory of the Leningrad Province and Saint Petersburg. The scheme of the use of areas by elk is compiled on the basis of the relative index calculated from the measured parameters of the survey. Field observation areas and territories close to them were most reliably identified (90–95% accuracy). For areas not covered by field observations, the paper provides comments on the main inaccuracies of the schemes and the reasons for the identified discrepancies, based on an analysis of literary sources devoted to similar research topics. The results of the study indicate that the frequency of attacks of winged forms of L. cervi can be used as an additional criterion for assessing the stationary preferences of elk in the winter period using information on the period of active flight, and the decoding method mentioned in the paper can be used in limited areas of specific territories, including reserves, areas of hunting farms and district forestries.

Lead–lag effect of research between conference papers and journal papers in data mining

AbstractThe examination of the lead–lag effect between different publication types, incorporating a temporal dimension, is very significant for assessing research. In this article, we introduce a novel framework to quantify the lead–lag effect between the research topics of conference papers and journal papers. We first identify research topics via the text‐embedding‐based topic modeling technique BERTopic, then extract the research topics of each time slice, construct and visualize the similarity matrix of topics to reveal the time‐lag direction and finally quantify the lead–lag effect by four proposed indicators, as well as by average influence topic similarity comparison maps. We conduct a detailed analysis of 19,166 bibliographic data for top conference papers and journal papers from 2015 to 2019 in the data mining field, calculate the similarity of topics obtained by BERTopic between each time slice divided by quarters. The results show that journal paper topics lag behind conference paper topics in the data mining field. The most significant lead–lag effect is 2.5 years, with approximately 33.45% of topics affected by this lag. The methodology presented here holds potential for broader application in the analysis of lead–lag effects across diverse research areas, offering valuable insights into the state of research development and informing policy decisions.This article is categorized under: Application Areas > Science and Technology

LDAPrototype: a model selection algorithm to improve reliability of latent Dirichlet allocation

Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) is a popular method for analyzing large text corpora, but it suffers from instability due to its reliance on random initialization. This results in different outcomes for replicated runs, hindering reproducibility. To address this, we introduce LDAPrototype, a new approach for selecting the most representative LDA run from multiple replications on the same dataset. LDAPrototype enhances the reliability of LDA conclusions by ensuring greater similarity between replications compared to traditional LDA runs or models chosen based on perplexity or NPMI. A key feature of LDAPrototype is its use of a novel model similarity measure called S-CLOP (Similarity of multiple sets by Clustering with LOcal Pruning). It is based on topic similarities, for which we compare the usage of measures like the thresholded Jaccard coefficient, cosine similarity, Jensen-Shannon divergence, and rank-biased overlap. The effectiveness of LDAPrototype is demonstrated through its application to six real datasets, including newspaper articles and tweets. The results show improved reproducibility and reliability in topic modeling outcomes. LDAPrototype’s approach is noteworthy for its practical applicability, comprehensibility, ease of implementation, and computational efficiency. Furthermore, the algorithm’s concept can be generalized to other topic modeling procedures that characterize topics through word distributions, making it a versatile tool in text data analysis.

Does Math Anxiety Influence Students’ Self-Regulated Learning? A Predictive Relationship Study at Two Vocational Schools at Bandung Regency

While mathematics is immensely imperative and regarded as a fundamental subject serving as one of the graduation requirements at every level of education in Indonesia, including vocational schools, adverse perceptions associated with it as a challenging subject are deeply ingrained in society, particularly among students. Despite there is a wealth of research exploring math anxiety and elf-regulated learning, a discernible gap exists in the literature, specifically within the Indonesian context, particularly among Vocational Students in the Bandung area. This research aims to explore the predictive relationship between math anxiety and students' self-regulated learning within the context of vocational education. Employing linear regression statistical analysis, and survey data collection method, this quantitative study involved 99 participants from two vocational schools in Bandung Regency. The results indicate a statistically significant impact of math anxiety on students' self-regulated learning. However, it's noteworthy that the degree of correlation is considered low. Furthermore, no significant differences were identified concerning variables such as age, sex, streaming, and class level. These findings contribute to the understanding of the dynamics between math anxiety and self-regulated learning, particularly within the context of vocational education in the Bandung region, and can serve as a valuable insight for future research in similar topics.

Developing the Society of Obstetric Medicine Australia and New Zealand (SOMANZ) Hypertension in Pregnancy Guideline 2023: Guideline development approaches, challenges and contextual considerations

AbstractThe Society of Obstetric Medicine Australia and New Zealand (SOMANZ) Hypertension in Pregnancy Guideline 2023 is the first evidence‐based guideline for hypertensive disorders of pregnancy that has been developed to the standards of the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (NHMRC). This article describes the methodology, challenges and considerations in developing the guideline and includes details on group composition, literature search, evidence synthesis and development of recommendations. We also discuss several practical considerations and challenges related to contextual issues, topics of interest and resources available for guideline developers working with similar jurisdictions or topics.

Human Resource Management in the Era of Disruption: A Systematic Literature Review On SDG

Context: The current era of disruption provides challenges and opportunities simultaneously. Understanding and responding quickly and appropriately to the phenomenon of disruption is important for a company. Changes on a large scale fundamentally change all systems that switch to new ways. This certainly has an impact on Human Resource Management (HRM). Objective: This study aims to (1) Identify HRM practices during the disruption era, namely 2021-2023, (2) Identify areas that are not of concern in HRM practices, and (3) Identify areas that need attention in future HRM practice research Method: The research was conducted using the Preferred Reporting Item for Systematic Reviews and Me-ta-Analytic (PRISMA) model process. The research found five areas for the first objective: (1) HRM practices in the era of disruption, (2) Human resource excellence, (3) HRM chal-lenges, (4) Corporate development, and (5) Human resource control. The second objective was to obtain (1) Determination and (2) Sustainability. The third objective can utilize all seven areas of future research findings. In addition, the implication is to utilize this journal to explore future research directions and gain a thorough understanding of the concept of HRM in the era of disruption. Results: This study found gaps in the implementation of HR analytics. Humans are used in analysis to examine the viability of human resource management in the disruptive age. An era of so many changes dominated by technology should make hr analytics a common area. Because in the era of disruption, for a company that has a compet-itive advantage, having big data is a must in order to run HRIS (Human Resource Infomation System) well. This study met almost all the requirements of SLR. However, there are some limita-tions. First, articles were found by searching through a single database. More articles may have been extracted if a different database had been chosen. Second, in order to retain the validity of the publications and adhere to a systematic literature review technique, this study solely contains empirical studies.If a different kind of article had been chosen, the results might have been different. Other areas of study need to be explored in future research. In the end, only diaries were considered.Accordingly, these journals are conducive to facilitating future research.Future studies should also focus on other areas. In the end, only diaries were considered.Accordingly, upcoming research can concentrate on them. Contribution: This research can be a more comprehensive reference for researchers who will try to explore similar topics and with similar research methodologies, namely Human Resource Management.

Social Criticism Da’wah Through Visual Works of @Terasdakwah During the COVID-19 Pandemic

This study aims to analyze the preaching message containing social criticism on the Instagram account @terasdakwah through a semiotic approach. The @terasdakwah account is a digital platform that actively spreads preaching content in a creative style relevant to current social issues. This descriptive qualitative study analyzes the meaning of the preaching message of social criticism (Tafriq) in a Visual Communication Design (VCD) work. The dissection of meaning in visual works uses the semiotic analysis knife of Sumbo Tinarbuko's visual communication and Roland Barthes' semiotic analysis. The results of this study show that: First, the connotative meaning revealed is that these visual works are a form of criticism of the government and society in general for the phenomena that occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. The connotative level of meaning also found myths contained in the visual works studied, including the death of elderly Hajj pilgrims, the death of expertise, and prolonged frustration threatening mental health. Second, the message of social criticism (Tafriq) preaching contained in the three visual works uploaded by the Instagram account @terasdakwah is included in the first and second points in Alamsyah's theory. The first point is preaching as a correction for the reconstruction of social order, and the second point is preaching as an effort to institutionalize critical attitudes in Islamic society. Third, this study also shows that preaching is not only limited to religious rituals and formalities but can also be done by conveying social criticism. This research is hoped to provide scientific contributions to the study of preaching and communication science so that it can be a reference for further research on similar topics and discussions according to different contexts and objects of study.

MALAY ETHICS IN ABSTINENCE FROM PROHIBITION: A META-ANALYSIS

Abstinence is a type of verbal discipline that is used as a foundation for achieving social welfare by the majority of the Malay community. This research will look into Malay abstinence ethics. Nine previous journal articles were analyzed and presented in a meta-analysis study, revealing Malay ethics in abstinence. Meta-analysis is the study of a number of previous research results on similar problem topics in order to determine the results and conclusions of previous research. Purposive sampling was used to select research based on criteria such as suitability for the research topic discussed, articles published between 2012 and 2022, and articles published in accredited journals. To determine the outcomes of previous studies' narrative research, quantitative data analysis with percentages and qualitative data analysis were used. According to the study's findings, Malay ethics can be achieved by implementing abstinence in everyday life based on the problems encountered, because abstinence varies in various fields of life such as religion, education, custom, economy, and health.

The relation of spatial configuration in residential real estate towards its conduciveness security level

As a part of an area, residential real estate has various spatial configuration patterns, which are part of the elements that form its environment. Depending on the context of certain places, spatial configuration and security reinforcement become a concern regarding the issue of crime prevention, which promotes a safe neighbourhood that avoids the risk of crime. A phenomenon took place where there are several preventive actions were carried out at the basic stage of planning and designing residential real estate, but these efforts later brought various methods and priorities that determine spatial configuration or security reinforcement to serve either as the main reference or adjustment at the initial step. This research dissects the relationship between spatial configuration patterns and security systems applied using the Crime Prevention Through Environmental Design (CPTED) approach to obtain the most optimal solution in preventing crime and reducing crime rates. This research used descriptive analytical methods in a comparative way to derive the final synthesis of three residential real estates in Bintaro Jaya as study objects. The results of this research discovered the most conducive type of residential real estate in terms of its security level. These findings can enrich the development of studies on similar topics and contribute to the consideration of design criteria related to spatial configuration and security reinforcement of residential real estate in anticipating potential crimes.