Topic Question Research Articles

Principals Leadership in Improving Students Entrepreneurial Competence

The problem of imbalance between the number of labor force growth and available jobs is a seriousconcern in the context of education and economic development today. The phenomenon where the number of Vocational High School (SMK) graduates continues to grow but their ability to become entrepreneurs or create new jobs is still minimal highlights the importance of effective entrepreneurship education. Currently, entrepreneurship education in schools tends to only touch the surface, focusing on introducing entrepreneurial values, without giving emphasis on internalizing these values or encouraging real actions in daily life. Based on these problems, this paper will discuss how the principal's leadership and how the principal's leadership strategy in improving student entrepreneurship in SMK. The research process using literature study begins with the identification of the topic or research question to be researched. After that, researchers search for related literature through various sources of information such as libraries, online databases, and electronic journals. With great responsibility, school principals are responsible for the implementation of learning activities that can ultimately improve existing graduates, especially in the field of entrepreneurship. In line with this, some of the strategies that can be carried out by school principals in improving student entrepreneurial competence are by creating innovation, working hard in improving school quality, motivation, never giving up, and having entrepreneurial instincts.

CULTURAL HERITAGE AND THE CLIMATE CRISIS: A LITERATURE REVIEW

Extreme weather events have been increasing over time. In this way, climate change represents obstacles to society, imposing challenges on cities. Among them is the preservation of their cultural and natural heritage. Urban complexes with a preservation interest face greater vulnerability due to natural, cultural and social factors. In this context, the aim of this article is to present the state of the art on research into the impacts of climatic events on sites of preservation interest. The methodological procedures comprised four stages: defining the topic and research question; searching academic databases; establishing inclusion and exclusion criteria; and analyzing the materials. The research found shows a consensus on the need to pay attention to the impacts of climate change on cultural and natural heritage. As limitations, most of the research with case studies focuses on the Global North. In terms of gaps, the research highlights the need for an integrative approach to the preservation of cultural heritage in the face of the impacts of climate change.

Formation of professional identity and motivation among future primary school teachers in the process of educational practice

Introduction. The article examines the problem of forming professional identity and motivation among students in the process of mastering the discipline “Educational practice (research work (obtaining primary skills in research work))”. The current stage of professional training of future teachers is focused on mastering the methods of integrating educational subjects for organizing developmental research activities, which is reflected in the “Core of Higher Pedagogical Education.” The purpose of the article is to substantiate the way of formation of professional identity and motivation of future teachers in the process of educational practice (research work (obtaining primary research skills)”. Materials and Methods. Theoretical and methodological analysis, a method of diagnostic analysis, including a questionnaire of professional identity of students (U. S. Rodygina), diagnosing the internal position of students in relation to their future profession, the components of which are the characteristics of the professional identity of students “Emotional attitude” and “ Conscious activity"; a methodology for determining motivation for vocational training (V.G. Katashev), which allows one to study and analyze the level of motivation of students in the context of their vocational education; methods of mathematical statistics. Results. Testing students – future primary school teachers in the process of educational practice to obtain primary skills in research work allowed us to conclude that the motivation of future primary school teachers is normal. As a result of the study, it was revealed that according to the questionnaire “Professional Identity of Students” (U. S. Rodygina), the highest average score was noted on the scale “positive emotions associated with meeting a person’s needs in the profession”, the lowest average score corresponds to the scale “position of a student’s passive attitude” to the acquired profession”. The results obtained from the diagnostic “Methodology for determining motivation for vocational training” showed that the highest average score corresponds to the normal level of motivation, the lowest – to the average level of motivation. Discussion and Conclusions. The obtained results of the study substantiate the relevance of the problem of forming professional identity and motivation among students of the faculty of primary school teacher training in the process of educational practice. The educational practice carried out at the faculty plays a key role in the formation of students’ primary research skills. The peculiarities of the implementation of this type of practice is that the process of training future teachers consists of three modules: methodological foundations of scientific knowledge; methods of psychological and pedagogical research; registration of the results of scientific work. Each module is aimed at achieving the goal of practice: obtaining primary research skills in organizing and conducting psychological and pedagogical research in education, processing and presenting its results. The module tasks are aimed at students performing a number of practical actions: studying the fundamentals of the scientific method; choosing a topic and research question; literature review; data collection and analysis; interpretation of results; writing a scientific article or report; preparing a presentation; public speaking practice; cooperation with the scientific supervisor; publication and feedback. The authors emphasize the effectiveness of the tasks used in the process of developing students’ research skills.

Analysis of risk of bias assessments in a sample of intervention systematic reviews, Part II: focus on risk of bias tools reveals few meet current appraisal standards

ObjectivesRisk of bias (RoB) assessment is a critical part of any systematic review (SR). There are multiple tools available for assessing RoB of the studies included in a SR. The conduct of these assessments in intervention SRs are addressed by three items in AMSTAR-2, considered the preferred tool for critically appraising an intervention SR. This study focuses attention on item 9, which assesses the ability of a RoB tool to adequately address sources of bias, particularly in randomized trials (RCTs) and nonrandomized studies of interventions (NRSI). Our main objective is to report the detailed results of our examination of both Cochrane and non-Cochrane RoB tools and distinguish those that meet AMSTAR-2 item 9 appraisal standards. Study Design and SettingWe identified critical appraisal tools reported in a sample of 126 SRs reporting on interventions for persons with cerebral palsy published from 2014 to 2021. Eligible tools were those that had been used to assess the primary studies included in these SRs and for which assessment results were reported in enough detail to allow appraisal of the tool. We identified the version of the tool applied as original, modified, or novel and established the applicable study designs as intended by the tools’ developers. We then evaluated the potential ability of these tools to assess the four sources of bias specified in AMSTAR-2 item 9 for RCTs and NRSI. We adapted item 9 to appraise tools applied to single-case experimental designs, which we also encountered in this sample of SRs. ResultsMost of the eligible tools are recognized by name in the published literature and were applied in the original or modified form. Modifications were applied with considerable variability across the sample. Of the 37 tools we examined, those judged to fully meet the appraisal standards for RCTs included all the Cochrane tools, the original and modified Downs and Black Checklist, and the quality assessment standard for a cross-over study by Ding et al; for NRSI, these included all the Cochrane tools, the original and modified Downs and Black Checklist, and the Research Triangle Institute item bank on Risk of Bias and Precision of Observational Studies for NRSI. In general, tools developed for a specific study design were judged to meet the appraisal standards fully or partially for that design. These results suggest it is unlikely that a single tool will be adequate by AMSTAR-2 item 9 appraisal standards for an intervention SR that includes studies of various designs. ConclusionTo our knowledge, this is the first resource providing SR authors with practical information about the appropriateness and adequacy of RoB tools by the appraisal standards specified in AMSTAR-2 item 9 for RCTs and NRSI. We propose similar methods for appraisal of tools applied to single-case experimental design. We encourage authors to seek contemporary RoB tools developed for use in healthcare-related intervention SRs and designed to evaluate relevant study design features. The tools should address attributes unique to the review topic and research question but not be subjected to unjustified and excessive modifications. We promote recognition of the potential shortcomings of both Cochrane and non-Cochrane RoB tools, even those that perform well by AMSTAR-2 item 9 appraisal standards.

Pembangunan Infrastruktur di Desa Saentis Kecamatan Percut Sei Tuan Kabupaten Deli Serdang

The implementation of road infrastructure development is very important to be realized and is the most basic means that aims to support the smoothness, distribution of goods, and human transportation networks. Community welfare can be seen from the physical condition of an area about the facilities provided by the government. This research uses the literature study method, which means that this research is carried out by collecting, evaluating, and analyzing information from various library sources, such as books, journals, articles, and other documents. The process begins with identifying the topic or research question you want answered. Then, researchers conduct literature searches using databases, libraries, or other electronic sources to find relevant sources. Once relevant sources are identified, researchers carefully and critically read each source to understand its contents Information that.

An optimized topic modeling question answering system for web-based questions

An optimized topic modeling question answering system for web-based questions

Development of Syntax Acquisition in 3-Year-Old Children: A Longitudinal Study

A longitudinal study of syntax acquisition in three-year-old children provides a deeper understanding of how children develop their language abilities. By summarizing the findings from this research, we hope to take concrete steps to support optimal language development in the early stages of a child's life. This research uses the literature review research method, the literature review research method is an approach that involves examining and analyzing existing literature or research to gain a thorough understanding of a topic or research question. This process begins by determining the research topic and searching for relevant literature through various sources such as academic databases and digital libraries. The findings of this research provide a strong basis for designing early childhood education programs that pay attention to syntax acquisition patterns. Learning materials can be arranged according to children's developmental stages to support their optimal development. In addition, this research confirms that understanding language development at an early age can act as an indicator of children's psychological health. Monitoring syntax acquisition can help detect potential developmental problems or disorders early, opening up opportunities for more effective intervention.

GUIDELINES FOR QUALITY COVERAGE OF CONTINUING EDUCATION ISSUES

The aim of this article is twofold: first, to elucidate the importance and value of conducting a literature review, and second, to provide practical guidance and suggestions for effectively planning and executing such a review. To provide an overview of the findings from previous studies, a systematic approach to scientific research was employed. The material for this systematic review consists of publications that provide practical guidance on the writing of review articles. The purpose of a literature review is to synthesize existing scholarly works on a specific topic or research question, contextualizing them within the current state of knowledge on that topic. It is not uncommon for literature reviews to fall short of the standards expected of scientific research. In such cases, they may be regarded as mere summaries of previous work in a given field. To circumvent such a scenario, it is advised that a determination be made at the outset of the project regarding the type of review to be conducted. It is recommended that a classification system be employed which divides literature reviews into three categories: systematic review, semi-systematic review, and integrative review. The efficacy of each type of literature review depends on the objective being pursued. In the context of a literature review, a number of methods may be employed to facilitate a comprehensive analysis. Given the plethora of methodological alternatives at their disposal, researchers may encounter the challenge of selecting an appropriate method. The most commonly utilized methodological approaches in this field are bibliometric analysis, content analysis, critical analysis, meta-analysis, multiple correspondence analysis, and homogeneity analysis through alternating least squares. A researcher undertaking a literature review is confronted with a range of potential challenges, including the existence of a vast number of sources, which makes it challenging to identify pertinent materials; a lack of expertise in literature search techniques, which can impede the ability of a novice researcher to fully comprehend a specific phenomenon when searching a single database; and a lack of expertise in formulating a precise and coherent research question or purpose for the review, which may result in the absence of a structured plan for data analysis, ultimately limiting the depth of analysis in the literature review to a mere descriptive summary. To ensure a comprehensive and rigorous study, researchers must select an optimal methodological approach for their literature review, one that aligns with their research question and the available resources at their disposal.

Supporting Antiracism Through the Thoughtful Conduct, Evaluation, and Use of Research

Supporting Antiracism Through the Thoughtful Conduct, Evaluation, and Use of Research

A Framework of Rhetorical Moves Designed to Scaffold the Research Proposal Development Process

Aim/Purpose: To provide a research proposal writing framework to help doctoral students argue and motivate their efforts at furthering the existing knowledge available to understand some phenomenon or theory. Background: I discuss how the cognitive process theory of writing and the science writing heuristic can lead to a set of rhetorical moves and question prompts that students can use to develop the content of their research proposals. Methodology: I searched the literature on research proposal writing and, more broadly, academic writing to locate teaching and learning concepts associated with my recent question prompt approach used to guide my doctoral students. I used search words such as “writing” and “question prompts.” My review led me to the cognitive process theory of writing and heuristic scaffolding. I searched further using keywords such as “rhetorical move” and “heuristic prompts.” I performed several iterations of literature searches and reviews. Contribution: Instead of guiding a linearly developed research proposal that begins with an Introduction and proceeds to a Literature Review and then a Research Design and Methods section, the framework reveals a research proposal’s underlying logical flow and content by describing five rhetorical moves: establishing a topic question from an interesting phenomenon, establishing research opportunities, selecting a research question, providing a tentative solution, and establishing a plan to investigate the solution. Thus, the framework contributes to scholarship about how educators can facilitate independent reflection and broader problem-solving at the doctoral research proposal development stage. Particularly for the social sciences, it reveals the promise of the cognitive process theory of writing, dual problem space model of reflection, and heuristic scaffolding as valuable theoretical perspectives for the supervision of the planning phase of doctoral research. Recommendations for Practitioners: Teachers and advisors may use the framework’s rhetorical moves and question prompts as cognitive scaffolds to help students navigate an ill-structured problem typical of doctoral research projects in the social sciences. The question type of scaffolding gives the research student more responsibility; rather than the thesis supervisor or advisor articulating a model or nominating the technique, they require the student to self-regulate and develop it independently. This helps deal with the oft-experienced circumstance in which the supervisor does not have time to interact directly and regularly with the student.

Analysis of the Application of the Maslahah Concept in DSN MUI Fatwa in the Sector of Sharia Economics and Finance


 The purpose of this study is to analyze the Application of the Maslahah Concept in DSN MUI Fatwa in the Sector of Sharia Economics and Finance. The concept of maslahah, or public interest, is a fundamental principle in Islamic jurisprudence that is also applied in the fatwas issued by the Indonesian Council of Ulama's (MUI) Shariah Supervisory Board (DSN). The application of the maslahah concept in DSN MUI's fatwas is crucial to ensure that the decisions made are in the best interest of the Muslim community and promote the well-being of society. Research method is Library research refers to the process of searching for and analyzing information in a library setting. This can involve searching for books, articles, and other sources of information related to a specific topic or research question. Result of the research maslahah concept is applied in DSN MUI's fatwas is by considering the broader societal impacts of a particular issue or problem. For instance, in the context of Islamic finance and banking, DSN MUI has issued fatwas that aim to promote financial stability, economic growth, and social justice. This is achieved by ensuring that Islamic financial institutions adhere to Shariah principles and avoid practices that are harmful to society or the environment. Moreover, the maslahah concept is also used to address new issues and challenges that arise in modern society. For example, DSN MUI has issued fatwas on digital currencies and e-commerce that take into account the unique characteristics of these new technologies and how they can be used to promote the well-being of society while adhering to Islamic principles..
 Keywords: DSN MUI; Mashlahah; Sharia Economic; Finance; Fatwa.

VisInReport: Complementing Visual Discourse Analytics Through Personalized Insight Reports.

We present VisInReport, a visual analytics tool that supports the manual analysis of discourse transcripts and generates reports based on user interaction. As an integral part of scholarly work in the social sciences and humanities, discourse analysis involves an aggregation of characteristics identified in the text, which, in turn, involves a prior identification of regions of particular interest. Manual data evaluation requires extensive effort, which can be a barrier to effective analysis. Our system addresses this challenge by augmenting the users' analysis with a set of automatically generated visualization layers. These layers enable the detection and exploration of relevant parts of the discussion supporting several tasks, such as topic modeling or question categorization. The system summarizes the extracted events visually and verbally, generating a content-rich insight into the data and the analysis process. During each analysis session, VisInReport builds a shareable report containing a curated selection of interactions and annotations generated by the analyst. We evaluate our approach on real-world datasets through a qualitative study with domain experts from political science, computer science, and linguistics. The results highlight the benefit of integrating the analysis and reporting processes through a visual analytics system, which supports the communication of results among collaborating researchers.

Mathematical Modeling and Optimization of Platform Service Supply Chains: A Literature Review

With the increasing importance of the platform service supply chain (PSSC) in creating economic value, academic research is paying more and more attention to it. The current literature’s research topics and problems cover broad areas. This review adopts bibliometric analysis and thematic analysis to review the related literature systematically and comprehensively. We divided the literature about PSSC into six groups according to the literature’s research topic and research question. Each literature’s research problem and research method are categorized and summarized. Our review results demonstrate that the supply chain’s members’ operational decisions and the supply chain’s coordination are two main types of research questions. Pricing decisions have received the most attention. In terms of the research method, game models are the most common method used in research to achieve the optimization of the PSSC.

Narrative Reviews: Flexible, Rigorous, and Practical.

Narrative Reviews: Flexible, Rigorous, and Practical.

The Effectiveness of Using Answer Garden Application as Brainstorming Activity in Online Learning

This research is based on the teaching online experience where the learning process becomes less interactive and the atmosphere during online learning was monotonous. By seeing the fact, the researcher is interested to apply an application that seem appropriate to help the students to improve their writing ability in online learning called Answer Garden. The purpose of this research is to solve the problems faced by lecturers who teach writing in universities in Batam. Answer Garden is a new minimalistic feedback tool used to stimulate real-time student participation, online brainstorming, and obtain classroom feedback. The research applied the qualitative research by using observation sheet, field notes, and questionnaire. The results showed that using Answer Garden as Brainstorming activity in online learning gives a good result where students are motivated by the concept because allowing them to generate lists, phrases, thoughts, words, ideas, or questions about a topic of writing in interactive ways. Thus, Answer Garden was seen as a great application to promote student participation during the online learning, because it can involve students brainstorming and collaborating on a topic question that the teacher asked during the online learning.

KEMAMPUAN KONEKSI MATEMATIS SIAPA YANG LEBIH TINGGI: GURU KELAS VERSUS GURU MATA PELAJARAN?

One learning approach that can be chosen by teachers who teach mathematics in upper class (class IV, V, VI) is by correlating or connecting mathematics. Mathematics connection is correlation among mathematics topics, correlation among mathematics and other sciences, and correlation between mathematics and real life or daily life. In this research, it is studied mathematics connection ability of upper class teachers on aljabar topic that is measured by contextual questions and factors influencing them. The population in this research is Islamic Elementary School teachers in Surakarta residency, either state or private, who teach mathematics in upper class. Meanwhile, the sample, 65, is taken randomly from the population by using cluster sample collection technique. The statistics analysis technique used is descriptive and explorative statistics and ordinal logistic regression analysis. In mathematics connection ability with other sciences, almost half (43.6 %) class teachers can answer at the highest level (complete answer). It is more than the number of subject matter teacher that is less than one-fifth (17.4 %). Explanatory variable which is included in this model is teacher status variable (class teacher and subject matter teacher). It doesn’t influence significantly to teacher level in inter topic mathematics connection ability question and in mathematics connection ability question with real life or daily life. However, explanatory variable of teacher status influences significantly to teacher answer level in mathematics connection ability question with other sciences. Based on the result of ordinal logistic regression analysis, the estimated odds is 0.275. The estimated odds that class teacher’s answer is in low level answer, that is 0.275 times the estimated odds for subject matter teacher’s answer. So, class teacher’s answer in low level is less than subject matter teacher’s answer. Next, based on confidence interval 95 % of odds ratio value, it can be explained that class teacher has less probability (0.103 – 0.734 times), than subject matter teacher to answer in low level, in questions measuring mathematics connection ability with other sciences.

Implications of Lesson Study for Tertiary-Level EFL Teachers’ Professional Development: A Case Study From Turkey

This qualitative case study carried out at a Turkish university with four English language teachers aims to explore what teachers experience in the planning, implementation, analysis, and reporting phases of the lessons study process and what the implications of lesson study for teacher professional development can be. Data in this four-month study were gathered through observations, interviews, whole group discussions, and reflective reports. Findings revealed that lesson study had potential challenges and benefits for the professional development of teachers. The model poses challenges in finding a topic and research question, determining the lesson design and teaching style, making student thinking observable and analyzing qualitative data. On the other hand, it benefited teachers in terms of increasing their pedagogical content knowledge, reflectivity, research skills, collaboration, and collegiality. This study suggests that lesson study might be a good starting point for institutions wishing to adopt a more teacher-led, inquiry-driven and collaborative perspective for professional development.

Contribution of Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase to Alcohol Use Disorder: A Systematic Review.

Purpose: Recent research has suggested that chronic alcohol exposure induces changes in the endocannabinoid system within the central nervous system and therefore could be an attractive target for better understanding and treating alcohol use disorder (AUD). Much of this research has centered around the CB1 receptor and its endogenous partial agonist, the endocannabinoid anandamide, as the CB1 receptor is densely expressed in brain regions involved in development and maintenance of addictive behaviors. In addition, recent evidence has suggested that chronic alcohol exposure induces changes in the modulation of endocannabinoid concentration and suggests that these changes may contribute to the motivation to abuse alcohol. Therefore, we performed a systematic literature review to evaluate how fatty acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), an enzyme that degrades anandamide, relates to the characteristics and biology of AUD, as well as how modulating FAAH through pharmacologic inhibition or genetic manipulation affects outcomes related to alcohol use and consumption. Method: A search strategy was developed using the terms "endocannabinoids" or "drug delivery systems" and "alcohol dependence" or "alcohol use disorder" or "alcoholism" and "Fatty Acid Amide Hydrolase" and "FAAH" as text words and Medical Subject Headings (i.e., MeSH and EMTREE). We then used this search strategy on the electronic databases PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. Results: We found 224 records; after removing repeated records (37%), articles that did not fit the topic question (47%), or were not primary research (4%), we included 26 for qualitative synthesis (12%). Discussion: The literature clearly suggests that FAAH has a role in the biology and characteristics of AUD. FAAH inhibition seems especially promising as a target for alcohol withdrawal as it may lead to a reduction in symptoms, including anxiety and a reduction of alcohol intake reinstatement. However, decreased FAAH may also lead to reduced sensitivity to alcohol along with increased preference and intake. Conclusions: Modulation of FAAH is promising for therapeutic intervention of AUD, but requires more research. Pre-clinical studies have indicated that FAAH inhibition may reduce withdrawal characteristics, but may also exacerbate other characteristics of AUD outside of that period.

Efek Washback Ujian Nasional Subyek Bahasa Inggris Pada Tingkat Sekolah Menengah Pertama (SMP) di Indonesia

A National Examination is commonly known as a standardised test held by a country, such as Indonesia, to gauge the students’ competence and the quality of their schools. Many people argue that the national examination implementation is likely to have positive and negative effects, not only on students but also on schools. This study aims to investigate the positive and negative effects of the National Examination of English subject in Indonesian junior high schools concerning English teachers’ classroom teaching and students’ learning. This study used a narrative literature review study, which reviews critiques and summarizes the literature body and draws conclusions regarding the topic question. By examining literature available and the authors’ experiences in doing the national examination as the participant and preparing students to face the examination, this paper showed that the National Examination of English emerges to have more negative impacts than positive ones. The result of this paper presents the authors’ recommendation to be used by key stakeholders in Indonesia that they should re-design the national examination to measure the students’ border competence effectively and objectively in English subject.

The application of Research Based Learning Model in electric power system protection course

The learning model should be adapted to the learning needs of today and the future. The achievement of student learning in each competency courses one of which depends the learning model used. Among the models of learning that develop current that brings the students can develop their ability in mastering the learning material is Research Based Learning (RBL) model. This model focuses on the students as learning resources that integrate research in learning. This research aims to assess the effectiveness of student learning on courses of electric power system protection after used RBL model. This study applies the nine-step RBL model in courses of electric power system protection consisting of identifying research topic, objectives and research question, research tools both data collection tools and intervention tools, applying theory, research methodology and design, data analysis, results and discussion, recommendation, and strengthen of the research. After using the RBL model in learning then an increase in measurable student learning outcomes in the assessment of the effectiveness of formative and summative evaluation.