Toothbrushing Behaviour Research Articles

Association between toothbrushing behavior and cardiometabolic multimorbidity among middle aged and older adults in North China: a cross-section study

ObjectivesTo evaluate the association between toothbrushing behavior and cardiometabolic multimorbidity (CMM) among middle-aged and older adults.MethodsData from the Beijing Health Service Survey were used to estimate the association between toothbrushing behavior and the risk of CMM using multilevel logistic models (N = 18,158).ResultsThere were 554 patients with CMM, with a prevalence of 3.05%. We found a higher risk of CMM for those with toothbrushing once or less (OR = 2.16, 95%CI: 1.80, 2.59) compared with those brushed two or more times per day in the crude model. After adjusting for confounding factors, the association between the two remained significant (OR = 1.68, 95%CI: 1.39, 2.04). The effect size was higher in adults with a higher education level (OR = 2.32) compared to those with a lower education level (OR = 1.39, P forinteraction<0.01).ConclusionsPoor toothbrushing practices were associated with CMM among middle-aged and older people. Longitudinal study can be considered to explore the causal association between the two and whether good toothbrushing habits can predict CMM and its progression.

Problematic screen exposure and oral health in preschool children: a comparison study

ObjectivesRecent studies have highlighted the association between problematic screen exposure (PSE) in preschool children and various health issues. This study aims to determine the relationship between PSE and oral/dental health as well as parafunctional oral habits in this population.MethodsHealthy children aged 3 to 6 years who visited the pediatric dentistry outpatient clinic were included in the study. PSE was evaluated using the parent-reported ‘Seven-in-Seven-Screen-Exposure Questionnaire’. An intraoral examination was conducted to record the number of decated, missing, and filled teeth, along with scores from the International Caries Detection and Assessment System II (ICDAS II), as well as dental plaque and gingival indices.ResultsA total of 210 mother–child pairs were included in the study, comprising 70 pairs with PSE and 140 pairs without PSE. The sociodemographic characteristics, frequency of daily tooth brushing behaviors, use of children's toothpaste, and regular dental examinations were statistically evaluated between the PSE and non-PSE group (p > 0.05). Additionally, there was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of having abnormal oral habits (p > 0.05). In the PSE group, the median scores for gingival and plaque index were significantly higher (p = 0.011 and p = 0.006, respectively). The median number of decayed teeth was significantly higher in the PSE group (p = 0.039).ConclusionsTurkish preschool children with PSE were found to have a significantly higher likelihood of experiencing poor oral health. Consequently, it is essential to conduct oral health examinations for Turkish preschool children exhibiting PSE. The study may have clinical implications for the evaluation of preschool children with problematic media use within dental practice.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN TOOTH BRUSHING BEHAVIOR AND DENTAL CARIES IN CHILDREN AT 27 SUNGAI SAPIH PUBLIC ELEMENTARY SCHOOL KURANJI, PADANG CITY

Caries is often experienced in mid-childhood 10-12 years which is referred to as a vulnerable period, because it is at that time that milk teeth begin to fall out and the first permanent teeth begin to grow. The 2018 West Sumatra Basic Health Research Results ( Rikesdas ) stated that 41.74% of children aged 10-14 years experience dental caries, while the prevalence of dental caries in Padang City is around 6,154 children, which is 36.71% . The behavior of maintaining community dental health in maintaining oral health is brushing teeth, while brushing teeth is the most important primary prevention action recommended . Research objectives to find out relationship between tooth brushing behavior and dental caries in children at 27 Sungai Sapih Public Elementary School Kuranji, Padang City . The type of research used is quantitative research, namely analytic with an observation approach . The population in this study were all students in grades 4 and 5 at State Elementary School 27 Sungai Sapih Kuranji Padang City, totaling 114 people with total sampling technique. This research was conducted at 27 Sungai Sapih Public Elementary School Kuranji, Padang City. When the research was conducted in November 2022 -February 2023 . Analysis data using Spearman test, data processing using computerized program SPSS IBM version 25.0 . The results of the study showed that the most tooth brushing behavior was moderate, namely 94 people (82.5%), the most dental caries was very low, namely 56 people (49.1%) and there were relationship between tooth brushing behavior and dental caries in children at 27 Sungai Sapih Public Elementary School Kuranji, Padang City. ( p = 0.001 ) . It is recommended for dental health workers to educate schools about the importance of dental and oral care and how to brush their teeth properly and correctly so that they can increase students' knowledge and behavior in brushing their teeth for the better.

“Tan's Dent-Card Qr Model Website Based” as an Effort to Improve Teeth Brushing Behavior and Dental Hygiene Status Primary School Children

Background: Children aged 10-12 years have a very high rate of tooth decay at 57.6% with a mean (DMF-T) of 4.8. This is caused by one of the influencing factors, namely the low level of behavior in maintaining dental hygiene, as evidenced by the results of the 2019 Semarang City health data, that 86.7% of elementary school children do not have good tooth brushing behavior. The achievement of the new joint tooth brushing program is 47.8%, so innovation is needed in changing tooth brushing behavior, namely through the "Tan's Dent-Card QR Website Based Model" which is expected to improve tooth brushing behavior and the dental hygiene status of elementary school children. Research purposes:Producing a "Website Based Tan's Dent-Card QR Model" that is effective and feasible to implement to improve tooth brushing behavior and the dental hygiene status of elementary school children. Method : The method used in this research is Research and Development (R&amp;D) with 5 research stages, namely needs identification, design and build, expert validation, feasibility test 1, and feasibility test 2. This research uses a pre-experimental design with a one- group pre-post- test. The sampling technique was purposive sampling consisting of 30 elementary school children aged 10-12 years who were given intervention for 14 days. Results: The validity results of the "Tan's Dent-Card QR Website-Based Model" show a value of p=0.000, which means this model is suitable for use to improve the behavior and dental hygiene status of elementary school children. “Tan's Dent-Card QR Website-Based Model” was also effective in enhancing tooth brushing behavior and dental hygiene status (p=0.000). In feasibility test 2, the result was p=0.000, which means the model is suitable for independent use by elementary school children aged 10-12 years. Conclusion: "Tan's Dent- Card QR Website-Based Model" is effective and ideal for use as an effort to improve tooth brushing behavior and the dental hygiene status of elementary school children.

Ball Toothbrush as an Effort to Improve Teeth Brushing Skills and Debris Index Status in Stroke Patients

Background: The proportion of correct tooth brushing behavior is only 2.8% of the population. Apart from dental health problems in the community, stroke problems are also still encountered, based on 2013 Basic Health Research (Riskesdas) data, the prevalence of stroke in Indonesia is 10.9% of those diagnosed with stroke, stroke patients often experience long-term disability, so good oral hygiene is difficult to maintain. So innovation is needed in changing teeth brushing skills, namely through the "Ball Toothbrush" which is expected to improve teeth brushing skills and debris index status in stroke patients. Objective: To produce a "Ball Toothbrush" effective and feasible to improve tooth brushing skills and debris index in stroke patients. Method: The method used in this research is Research and Development (R&amp;D) with 5 research stages, namely needs identification, engineering design, expert validation, model/product testing, and model/product results. This research used a pre-experimental design with a one-group pre-post-test design. The sampling technique was purposive sampling consisting of 30 stroke patients who were given intervention for 14 days. Results: Ball Toothbrush is feasible and effective in improving tooth brushing skills and debris index in stroke patients. The results of the effectiveness test of using the Ball Toothbrush model on tooth brushing skills obtained a value of 0.000 (p&lt;0.05) and a debris index of 0.000 (p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: The Ball Toothbrush model is feasible and its application effectively improves tooth brushing skills and debris index status in stroke patients.

Examining Caregiver- and Family-Level Psychosocial Influences on Child Oral Health Behavioral Outcomes in Racially and Economically Minoritized Urban Families.

Understanding the pathways linking caregiver- and family-level psychosocial factors and child oral health behaviors is critical for addressing oral health disparities. The current study examined the associations between caregiver psychosocial functioning and family chaos and child toothbrushing behaviors in children at high risk for poor oral health outcomes. Data were drawn from the baseline wave of the CO-OP Chicago Cohort Study (U01DE030067), a longitudinal study on child/caregiver dyads exploring oral health behaviors and caries development in young children (N = 296 dyads; child mean age = 5.36, SD = 1.03; caregiver mean age = 33.8 years, SD = 6.70; caregiver race = 43% Black; caregiver ethnicity = 55% Latinx). The oral health behavioral outcomes included child toothbrushing frequency, child plaque levels, and caregiver assistance with child toothbrushing. The data included demographics; caregiver depression, anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, social functioning, social support, and resilience; and family-level household chaos. Multiple regression models indicated that greater household chaos was significantly related to lower caregiver assistance with child toothbrushing (p = 0.0075). Additionally, caregiver anxiety and PTSD symptoms as well as number of children in the home significantly predicted higher levels of household chaos (p < 0.01). Notably, 18% of caregivers reported clinically significant PTSD. The relationships between caregiver-level psychosocial factors and child oral health behaviors were not significant. The results suggest household chaos may play an important role in child oral health behaviors and highlight the importance of investigating family-level factors for understanding and addressing child oral health risk.

The impact of educational videos on toothbrushing behavior among hearing impairment children in special schools in Jambi city

The impact of educational videos on toothbrushing behavior among hearing impairment children in special schools in Jambi city

It is the habit not the handle that affects tooth brushing - a randomised counterbalanced cross over study with young and healthy adults

ObjectiveTo assess the effect of the toothbrush handle on video-observed toothbrushing behaviour and toothbrushing effectiveness.MethodsThis is a randomized counterbalanced cross-over study. N = 50 university students and employees brushed their teeth at two occasions, one week apart, using either a commercial ergonomically designed manual toothbrush (MT) or Brushalyze V1 (BV1), a manual toothbrush with a thick cylindrical handle without any specific ergonomic features. Brushing behaviour was video-analysed. Plaque was assessed at the second occasion immediately after brushing. Participants also rated their self-perceived oral cleanliness and directly compared the two brushes regarding their handling and compared them to the brushed they used at home.ResultsThe study participants found the BV1 significantly more cumbersome than the M1 or their brush at home. (p < 0.05). However, correlation analyses revealed a strong consistency of brushing behavior with the two brushes (0.71 < r < 0.91). Means differed only slightly (all d < 0.36). These differences became statistically significant only for the brushing time at inner surfaces (d = 0.31 p = 0.03) and horizontal movements at inner surfaces (d = 0.35, p = 0.02). Plaque levels at the gingival margins did not differ while slightly more plaque persisted at the more coronal aspects of the crown after brushing with BV1 (d = 0.592; p 0.042).DiscussionThe results of the study indicate that the brushing handle does not play a major role in brushing behavior or brushing effectiveness.

The Effectiveness of Counseling Using Quartet Card Media on Brushing Behavior in School-Age Children

Background: The community's low incidence of excellent and proper brushing behavior, which is primarily displayed by children (about 2%), is increasing the prevalence of dental decay. By employing the playing strategy, specifically with four card media, which has its own appeal due to the intriguing pictures, one can improve brushing behavior, which is now inadequate. Research Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of quartet card media counseling on toothbrushing behavior in elementary school students. This research used quasi experimental with pretest and posttest control group design. The samples were collected using total sampling, and they were 110 respondents. The sample is split into two groups: the experimental group and the control group. The data were collected using questionnaires for pretest and posttest. The data analysis used a Wilcoxon and Mann-Whitney test. Research Results: Tooth brushing behavior in elementary school students was 47.3% with good criteria, moderate 47.3%, and increased with good criteria 92.7%, while 7.3% following counseling. The experimental group's mean value was 14,36 compared to the control group's 12,64. The Wilcoxon test resulted in a p-value of 0.000, the Mann Whitney test obtained p=0.000. Conclusion: Counseling using quartet card media is effective in improving brushing behavior in elementary school children. Keyword : Effectiveness of counseling, quartet card media, brushing behavior.

The Effectiveness of the "I Can Brush My Teeth" Movement and Song Program in Improving Tooth Brushing Knowledge in Children Aged 4-6

Children with good dental health can experience optimal physical, mental and social development, but in reality 9 out of 10 Indonesian children experience dental caries. This study aims to determine the effectiveness of the "I Can Brush My Teeth" singing and dancing program to increase 4 – 6 years old children’s toothbruhing knowledge. This research uses quantitative research method with a within-subjects quasi experimental pre-post design to measure the effectiveness of intervention using movement and song methods delivered through music video clips as a medium for learning children's knowledge regarding the frequency, duration, schedule and benefits of good toothbrushing, as well as providing children with an understanding of the importance of parental involvement. Post test results showed a significant increase in the average children's knowledge score using the non-parametric Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test comparison technique with a P value of 0.002 with a significance limit of &lt;0.05. One week after post-test1 another post-test was done (post-test 2), and the increase of toothbrushing knowledge persists significantly with a P value of 1.000 with a significance limit of &lt;0.05. Based on the results of the data analysis above, it can be concluded that "I Can Brush My Teeth" singing and dancing program is considered effective in increasing the knowledge of children aged 4 - 6 years about good tooth brushing. Further research evaluating the effect of parental involvement using singing and dancing programs on the level of knowledge about good toothbrushing behavior in children aged 4 - 6 years is considered necessary.

Montessori game on toothbrushing knowledge and behaviour in elementary school children

Background: One of the places where many bacteria are found is the oral cavity. Influenced by temperature, humidity, and food availability. Knowledge of dental and oral health should be given from an early age because children begin to understand the importance of oral and dental health, which is strongly influenced by knowledge and behavior. Brushing teeth in children with a frequency that is not optimal can be caused because children are not accustomed to brushing teeth early by parents. To be done with fun, learning can be given with montessori games to improve children's knowledge and behavior. Objective: To determine the effect of the montessori brushing game method on increasing knowledge and brushing behavior of grade I students at MI Darul Khoer Wanayasa, Purwakarta Regency. Method: Design using quantitative analytics with one group pre-test and post-test design research design. The type of research used is the Wilcoxon test. Results: Students had knowledge and behavior of brushing teeth with less category 54.6% before the Montessori game method and after the Montessori game method 63.8% of children experienced an increase in knowledge and behavior of brushing teeth with a good category with Asymp.sign (2-tailed) scores of 0.000 &lt; 0.05. Conclusion: There is an influence of Montessori game method on knowledge and behavior of brushing teeth in in elementary school children.

Snakes and Ladders Game Media on the Behavior of Brushing Teeth in Elementary School Children

Background: One way to keep your teeth and mouth clean is by brushing your teeth regularly and regularly. Good habits and discipline in caring for and cleaning teeth by brushing teeth regularly and regularly must be started early so that future generations are accustomed to a healthy lifestyle. Brushing your teeth is cleaning your teeth from dirt or food residue using a toothbrush. Purposes: to determine the effectiveness of the snake and ladder game media on tooth brushing behavior in Grade 5 children at Susukan 06 Elementary School. Methods: This study uses a survey method with an approachpre-post design. The sample in this study were 30 grade 5 students at Susukan 06 Elementary School, East Jakarta total sampling. Result: The results of the study show that if the significance value of knowledge, attitudes and actions is 0.000, this value is less than 0.05 which can then be said if Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected, which means there is a difference between the results pre test and post test knowledge, attitudes and actions of respondents so that it can also be concluded that there is an effective effect of education through snakes and ladders games on tooth brushing behavior. Conclusion: There is an increase in knowledge, attitudes and actions, this is evidenced by the variable value using the wilcoxon test is at a p-value of 0.000.

Powtoon Media in the Whatsapp Group Application on Dental Hygiene Behavior in Primary School Children

Preventive measures such as brushing teeth are still considered not good for children. According to the Indonesian Ministry of Health's Data and Data Center in 2018, it was stated that tooth brushing behavior based on age groups in Indonesia, namely the daily brushing behavior of children aged 10-14 years, had a percentage of 96.5% with the percentage of correct tooth brushing time being 2.1%. Riskesdas states that the percentage of brushing teeth correctly is 2.8%. Promotional efforts that can be made are Dental Health Education. Apart from being carried out on children, this effort can also be carried out on parents, especially mothers. Powtoon as a multimedia application that can be used as a learning medium has several advantages, including very interesting animation features such as handwritten animation, cartoon animation and lively transition effects as well as easy timeline management. The research method and stages are development research to produce media products, then to see the effect of media use, a quasi-experimental method with one group pretest and posttest design is used. Research Results: Powtoon media for dental health education because of FGD with media experts, health promotion experts and dental health promotion media has been created with the results of expert validation and declared suitable for use as a media for Dental Health Education. Test the influence of powtoon media on children's teeth brushing practices and parents' knowledge using Wilcoxon test analysis with a p-value of 0.000 &lt; 0.005, which means there is a significant influence.

Behaviour change intervention for toothbrushing (lesson and text messages) to prevent dental caries in secondary school pupils: The BRIGHT randomized control trial.

This multicentre, assessor-blinded, two-arm cluster randomized trial evaluated the clinical and cost-effectiveness of a behaviour change intervention promoting toothbrushing for preventing dental caries in UK secondary schools. Pupils aged 11-13 years with their own mobile telephone attending secondary schools with above average free school meals eligibility were randomized (at year-group level) to receive a lesson and twice-daily text messages or to usual care. Year-groups (n = 84) from 42 schools including 4680 pupils (intervention, n = 2262; control, n = 2418) were randomized. In 2383 participants with valid data at baseline and 2.5 years, the primary outcome of presence of at least one treated or untreated carious lesion (D4-6 MFT [Decayed, Missing and Filled Teeth] in permanent teeth using International Caries Detection and Assessment System) was 44.6% in the intervention group and 43.0% in control (odds ratio [OR] 1.04, 95% CI 0.85-1.26, p = .72). There were no statistically significant differences in secondary outcomes of presence of at least one treated or untreated carious lesion (D1-6 MFT), number of D4-6 MFT and D1-6 MFT, plaque and bleeding scores or health-related- (Child Health Utility 9D) or oral health-related- quality of life (CARIES-QC). However, twice-daily toothbrushing, reported by 77.6% of pupils at baseline, increased at 6 months (intervention, 86.9%; control, 83.0%; OR 1.30, 95% CI 1.03-1.63, p = .03), but returned to no difference at 2.5 years (intervention, 81.0%; control, 79.9%; OR 1.05, 95% CI 0.84-1.30, p = .69). Estimated incremental costs and quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) of the intervention, relative to control, were £1.02 (95% CI -1.29 to 3.23) and -0.003 (95% CI -0.009 to 0.002), respectively, with a 7% chance of being cost-effective (£20 000/QALY gained threshold). There was no evidence of statistically significant difference for caries prevalence at 2.5-years. The intervention's positive 6-month toothbrushing behaviour change did not translate into caries reduction. (ISRCTN 12139369). COVID-19 pandemic adversly affected follow-up.

Relationship oral self-efficacy toward tooth-brushing behaviors in children

The issue of oral and dental health continues to pose a significant global challenge, particularly for individuals with limited economic means. Extensive literature has highlighted the substantial influence of an individual’s perceived self-efficacy on health-related behaviors and outcomes, including those related to oral health. This study aims to assess the relationship between children’s self-efficacy in oral care, particularly in tooth brushing behavior, and the incidence of tooth pain. This study employed an observational analytic approach with a cross-sectional design. Data was collected by administering questionnaires to 53 students at Klangon Elementary School in Bantul, Yogyakarta, Indonesia. The primary aim of the questionnaire was to gauge positive sentiments regarding oral hygiene practices, emphasizing the expected high frequency of “Strongly Agree” responses. However, the predominant response observed among participants leaned towards the “Neither Agree nor Disagree” option, indicating a prevailing tendency towards neutrality in their attitudes. The research findings revealed that 46 out of 53 children, representing 86.79% of the sample, reported experiencing the most significant tooth pain. In comparison, only seven children, accounting for 13.21%, reported being entirely free of pain. The analysis using Spearman’s two-tailed test indicates a weak correlation (correlation coefficient of 0.12) between individuals’ self- efficacy in tooth brushing behavior and their reported experiences with tooth pain. The p-value of 0.41 suggests this correlation is not statistically significant (p&gt;0.05). Therefore, it can be inferred that there is no meaningful association between oral self-efficacy and tooth-brushing behavior.

Autism Spectrum Disorder and Oral Healthcare: A Qualitative Study of Parents’ Perspectives in Padang City, Indonesia

Background: Children with autism spectrum disorder, particularly those with mental and behavioral impairments, are affected regarding their oral health and impact their quality of life. Furthermore, perceptions of parents are also important in assessing the planning appropriate oral healthcare. The purpose of this study was to explore parent’s perspectives regarding barriers oral healthcare, tooth brushing behavior and the recommendation strategies to improve oral health status among individual with ASD in Padang city, Indonesia.Method: A purposive sample of six parents in public autism care centre in Padang city participated in focus groups addressing barriers maintain oral healthcare. Focus groups were transcribed and coded using qualitative content analysis. Primary themes included barriers oral healthcare, toothbrushing behavior and recommendations to improve oral healthcare. Content analysis was performed using NVivo software.Result: Parents noted barriers conducted oral hygiene such as drooling, tongue thrust and hard to focus relatively. Mothers noted general improvements in awareness of control diet and have used several media to help their children understand how to brush their teeth properly. Knowledge gaps included until when parents should help children brush their teeth and special oral healthcare. They expect that in the future, the government more attention to oral health of individuals with special needs. The role of the general dentist is crucial, and they expect the dentist to be more patient when caring with patients with special needs.Conclusion: Our findings indicate a need for comprehensive educational intervention and improved communication from policy maker, dentist, public health and prevention leaders in oral health care and dental hygienists to increase oral healthcare knowledge and practice of parents with ASD to better quality of life

The Effectiveness of Video-Based Education on the Knowledge of Oral Health Maintenance and Tooth-Brushing Behavior Among the Students of the STM IX in Lurah Jambi

Adolescents are one of the groups with health problems. Based on the results of the Basic Health Research of the Ministry of Health (Riskesdas) in 2018, based on the presence of dental and oral health problems in the age group 15-24 (51.9%) and only those handled by health workers (8.7%), the data also shows, The prevalence of caries in the age group 15-24 years was (75.3%) with caries and (61.1%) with root caries. Video-based counseling can increase students' knowledge of dental and oral health maintenance. This study aimed to determine the effectiveness of video media on dental and oral health knowledge and tooth brushing behavior in students of STM IX Lurah Jambi in 2022.The type of research was Quasi-Experimental with a one-group pre-test and post-test design—research measuring instrument using a questionnaire. The sample is class XI STM IX Lurah Jambi. The sampling technique used the total sampling method with the number of respondents 20 people. This study uses the paired t-test hypothesis test.The results showed that the level of knowledge of dental and oral health maintenance before counseling had low criteria (10%), moderate (80%), and (10%) high, and after counseling had high criteria (100%). At the same time, the level of tooth brushing behavior before counseling had low criteria. (5%), moderate (85%) and (10%) high, and after counseling, the criteria were high (100%). There is a significant difference between the level of knowledge of dental and oral health maintenance and tooth brushing behavior before and after being given counseling using video media with a p-value of 0.001 (p &lt; 0.05). &#x0D; Keywords: Video, Knowledge, Behavior, Brushing teeth

Dental Caries and Tooth Brushing Practices among Students Elementary School

Dental caries is a disease that often occurs in mid-childhood (10-12 years), which is a vulnerable period marked by the transition of milk teeth to the growth of permanent teeth. Rikesdas West Sumatra reported the experience of dental caries in 41.74% of children aged 10-14 years, with a prevalence rate in Padang City of 36.71% with the number of sufferers around 6,154 children. This quantitative research aims to determine the prevalence of dental caries and tooth brushing practices among students at SDN 27 Sungai Sapih Kuranji, Padang City. An analytical observational approach was applied, with a total of 100 students selected as respondents using total sampling techniques. Next, the data was collected from November 2022 to February 2023 and analyzed using the Spearman test, then processed using a computerized program. The results showed that the majority showed moderate tooth brushing behavior (82%), while the incidence of dental caries was relatively low (45%). Basically, a significant relationship was found between dental caries and tooth brushing practices among respondents (p = 0.001). Collaboration between dental health professionals and schools is recommended to educate students about the importance of dental and oral care, emphasizing correct toothbrushing techniques, to increase knowledge and practice of oral hygiene.

Adolescent Toothbrushing and Its Association with Sociodemographic Factors-Time Trends from 1994 to 2018 in Twenty Countries.

Regular toothbrushing is the primary self-care method to prevent the most common dental diseases and is considered an important public health indicator. This retrospective observational study aimed to examine cross-national time trends in adolescent toothbrushing behaviour and its association with sociodemographic factors between 1994 and 2018. We studied data from 20 countries that conducted seven surveys of the Health Behaviour in School-aged Children (HBSC) study. Adolescents aged 11, 13 and 15 years responded to questions on their toothbrushing frequency, family affluence and structure. Altogether, reports of 691,559 students were analysed using descriptive statistics and binominal logistic regression. The findings showed an overall positive trend in the prevalence of more-than-once-a-day toothbrushing frequency during the entire study period mainly due to a noticeable increase from 1994 to 2010 (except Denmark and Sweden); this trend continued significantly thereafter in 12 of 20 countries. Across all countries, girls and adolescents from more affluent families were more likely to brush their teeth regularly. These relationships remained unchanged throughout the study period, whereas the age-related difference in toothbrushing prevalence decreased noticeably, and the negative relationship between toothbrushing and living in a non-intact family became evident. While the prevalence of regular toothbrushing among adolescents has increased in recent decades, it is still far behind the recommended level of twice-daily brushing for everyone across all countries. The promotion of toothbrushing needs to start at an early age, with a special focus on boys and adolescents from low-affluence and non-intact families.

Hubungan perilaku menyikat gigi dengan status kebersihan gigi dan mulut PHPM (Personal Hygiene Performance-Modified) pada murid sekolah dasar

Background: Oral health maintenance efforts should be conducted early in elementary school. The awareness and maintenance behavior of each individual is very important in maintaining oral hygiene. Oral health maintenance is instrumental in regular plaque control and removal. Preventive measures can be carried out routinely, such as brushing teeth, flossing, and dental examinations once every 6 months regularly to the dentist.Objectives: This study aimed to determine the relationship between tooth brushing behavior and oral hygiene status in elementary school students.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the State Elementary School of 50 Banda Aceh City in December 2022. The sample comprised 40 students. Collection through interviews and dental and oral examinations using diagnostic sets, disclosing fluids, and patient cards (KSP). Statistical analysis was performed using the chi-square test at a significance level of 95% CI.Results: Tooth brushing behavior among elementary school children was generally poor (57,5%), and oral hygiene was poor (47,5%). In addition, this study found a significant relationship between tooth brushing behavior and oral hygiene status (p = 0,007) in students from State Elementary School 50 in Banda Aceh City.Conclusion: Tooth brushing behavior had a significant relationship with oral hygiene status in students of State Elementary School 50 in Banda Aceh City. Suggestions for students to understand oral hygiene and how to brush their teeth properly.