Tomsk Region Research Articles

Cariprazine in Hospital Treatment of Acute Psychotic Conditions Due to Comorbid Schizophrenia and Chemical Addictions

Background: endogenous psychoses complicated with different addictions have special psychopathological structure including delirious episodes, true hallucinations combined with typical positive symptoms of schizophrenia. These cases are difficult for treatment due to non-compliance of patients and their bad tolerance to drugs. The aim was to study the most effective psychopharmacological treatment using cariprazine for acute psychotic states in paranoid schizophrenia combined with chemical addictions. Patients and Methods: the study was conducted at psychiatric hospitals of Tomsk region, St. Petersburg, Nizhnevartovsk and Noyabrsk from 2018 to 2024. 208 men aged 18 to 45 years suffering from paranoid schizophrenia and dependent on psychoactive substances were examined. The main group made up 104 in-patients, who took cariprazine alone or in combination with haloperidol or chlorpromazine. The control group included 104 in-patients treated with other antipsychotics (aripiprazole, risperidone, olanzapine). Research methods: clinical and psychopathological, psychometric (PANSS, SANS, CGI, GAF), statistical (Python 3.11.0; R version 3.2.4; SPSS Statistics Base 22.0). Results: It was revealed that when comparing the control group with the main group, similar indicators were observed on the CGI and GAF scales on the 2nd week of the study, and on the 4th week of the study, compared with the control group, an improvement in indicators on the PANSS, SANS, CGI, GAF scales was observed. Conclusions: Cariprazine, compared with other atypical antipsychotics (risperidone, olanzapine, aripiprazole), showed a distinct antipsychotic effect in the treatment of acute psychotic states in patients with schizophrenia dependent on psychoactive substances. By the end of the 2nd week after hospitalization, when treating with cariprazine at an average dose of 3 to 6 mg/day in combination with typical neuroleptics (haloperidol, chlorpromazine) or a tranquilizer, the most pronounced antipsychotic effect is achieved. Subsequent isolated use of cariprazine at a therapeutic dose of 3–4.5 mg/day has an effect similar to that of leading atypical antipsychotics by the end of the 4th week of treatment. Unlike other atypical antipsychotics, cariprazine was more effective in the treatment of negative symptoms of schizophrenia, which made it possible to achieve an improvement in overall functioning, increase the duration of remission, and reduce the risk of rehospitalization and the development of hospitalism.

Estimation of the girls cost vaccination against human papillomavirus in the Siberian Federal District

Background. The non-declining cervical cancer incidence in the Siberian Federal District 16.30/0000 (in Russia - 13.80 /0000) necessitate preventive vaccination against the human papillomavirus (HPV).Aim. To evaluate the cost-effectiveness of HPV vaccination in girls aged 9-14 years in the Siberian Federal District as a whole and in the context of subjects with a 60, 80, 90 percent target cohort.Materials and methods. We studied the size of the female population aged 9-14 years in the constituent entities of the Siberian Federal District for 2022, the average total cost of the vaccine, information on the gross regional product per capita, form C51 “Distribution of deaths by gender, age groups and causes of death” of Tomsk region, 2022. Age-standardized rate per 100,000 population of morbidity and detection (in percentages) of pre-invasive cervix cancer (carcinoma in situ) in the Siberian Federal District were calculated per 100 newly diagnosed malignant cervix neoplasms in 2022.Results. In the Irkutsk, Tomsk regions, Altai and Krasnoyarsk territories age-standardized rate (16.6; 17.8; 16.3; 18.90 /0000, respectively), the detection rate of pre-invasive cancer was 48.0-82.4 %, which indicates on the effectiveness of measures for early cervical cancer diagnosis. In the Republics of Tyva, Altai, Khakassia, age-standardized rate (26.4; 20.1; 19.30 /0000, respectively), cancer in situ was diagnosed in 8.2-23.6 % of cases, which indicates an insufficient level and defects in the organization preventive examinations in medical institutions. In the first year of vaccination against HPV with 60 % coverage of a girls cohort 9-14 years old (n = 404,943), 9.3 billion rubles will be required, with 80 % coverage (539,924 girls) - more than 12.4 billion rubles, with 90 % coverage (607,415 girls) - more than 13.9 billion rubles for primary vaccination against HPV. In subsequent years, more than 2.5-2.8 billion rubles will be required annually. Over 5 years, with 90 % coverage of the population, the financial costs of vaccination will be (817.8 million rubles), and the subsequent 4 annual investments (163.6 million rubles per year). The economic damage caused by mortality from cervical cancer in the Tomsk region over five years (2018-2022) amounted to 3,166.4 million rubles.Conclusion. Using the example of the Tomsk region, it was noted that when comparing financial resources, the costs of vaccinating girls against HPV are 2.2 times less than the economic damage from cervical cancer mortality. Regional budget funding for girls vaccination in administrative territories is relevant before its integration into the national calendar of preventive vaccinations.

Determination of geochemical stability of swamp ecosystems of the taiga zone of Western Siberia to anthropogenic impact

Relevance. The need for scientifically based regulation of impacts on wetland ecosystems taking into account their specificity and geochemical stability. Aim. To determine the geochemical stability of wetlands in the taiga zone of Western Siberia to pollutants for two typical cases associated with: 1) operation of sludge pits; 2) discharge of domestic and industrial wastewater. Methods. Mathematical modeling, statistical methods. Results and conclusions. The authors have carried out the analysis of the results of studies of the chemical composition of wetland waters and extracts from peat and mineral soils of wetlands in the taiga zone of Western Siberia (mainly in the Tomsk region, as well as in the adjacent territories of the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug, Novosibirsk and Omsk regions). They obtained the estimates of the average values of geochemical indicators of wetland waters and peat by the depth of the peat deposit in peat bogs with varying degrees of anthropogenic impact. The paper introduces the method for assessing the anthropogenic impact of wastewater discharge and geomigration on swamps in areas where oil and gas facilities are located (permissible concentrations in wastewater entering swamp ecosystems), taking into account the «geochemical background» and sorption capacity of peat. In particular, the authors substantiated and tested the method for assessing the values of permissible concentrations, which should be considered as a «relatively safe» level of impact on swamp ecosystems, at which secondary pollution of swamp waters is not expected. It is shown that anthropogenic changes are mainly limited vertically by the upper layer of the peat deposit up to 1–2 m, and horizontally (within the active horizon of the peat deposit) – by areas up to 100–200 m.

Polyaromatic hydrocarbons of small reservoirs of the Tomsk region

Relevance. The assessment of the state of natural waters includes the determination of a number of physico-chemical indicators, on the basis of which various indices and classifications are developed. However, they do not take into account a number of pollutants that have a significant impact on the state of the reservoir, for example, polyaromatic hydrocarbons. The article considers some aspects of determining priority pollutants, which include polyaromatic hydrocarbons, according to environmental hazard criteria: toxicity, carcinogenicity, prevalence, frequency of occurrence, source of origin (anthropogenic or natural). Hydrochemical parameters such as pH, dissolved oxygen content, biological oxygen consumption (BPK5), and ion content are taken into account to determine water quality. An attempt was made to assess the impact of polyaromatic hydrocarbons on the ecological state of water bodies and to take into account their contribution to changes in the values of the water pollution index. All these data prove the relevance of the study. Aim. To establish the composition of polyaromatic hydrocarbons in the surface waters of small reservoirs of the Tomsk region to assess anthropogenic load and to show the relationship with the indices of natural water quality. Methods. Extraction, liquid adsorption chromatography, high-performance liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, amperometry, titrimetry. Results. Small lakes of the Tomsk region were studied for the content of 13 polyaromatic hydrocarbons. The authors have carried out the identification by high-performance liquid chromatography with fluorimetric detection. The total content of polyaromatic compounds in the studied surface water samples varies from 0.37 to 0.54 mcg/l. In the polyaromatic hydrocarbons mixture in aqueous samples, there is an increased content of light 2–3 nuclear polyarenes with better solubility (naphthalene, fluorene and phenanthrene), as well as benz[a]anthracene. The content of inorganic components represented by cations and anions does not exceed the maximum permissible concentrations. The water pollution index was calculated; all lakes are moderately polluted, closer to polluted. The paper demonstrates the dependence of the water pollution index coefficient on the content of high-molecular polyaromatic hydrocarbons and the ratio of high-molecular to low-molecular polyaromatic hydrocarbons. It is shown that the higher the value of the water pollution index coefficient, the higher the proportion of difficult-to-oxidize components in surface waters.

Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of cases and detection of pathogens’ markers of tick-borne infections in the Tomsk region

BACKGROUND: Among the spectrum of the tick-borne infections, Lyme borreliosis and tick-borne encephalitis are most often recorded in the Tomsk region, however it is obviously that possible range of the pathogens is not limited to these ones. AIM: To make epidemiological and clinical characteristics of cases and detect frequencies of pathogen’s markers of tick-borne infections among adult patients applying serological and molecular genetic techniques in the Tomsk region during 2020–2023. METHODS: A single-center prospective sample study was conducted applying a comprehensive approach in peripheral blood specimens obtained from 197 patients with suspected tick-borne infections hospitalized during 2020–2023. To verify the diagnoses of tick-borne encephalitis or Lyme borreliosis, specific immunoglobulins of classes M and G to the antigens of virus of tick-borne encephalitis and Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. were determined in paired blood serum samples applying enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Additionally, the polymerase chain reaction was used to detect genetic markers of virus of tick-borne encephalitis, B. burgdorferi s.l., B. miyamotoi, Rickettsia spp., Coxiella burnetii, and Francisella tularensis. Epidemiological surveillance data of incidence rates of tick-borne infections obtained from official reports were analyzed as well. MS Office Excel 2010 software was used to calculate frequency morbidity measures. RESULTS: We verified the final diagnosis of tick-borne encephalitis in 52 (26.4%) patients, Lyme borreliosis in 116 (58.9%) patients, co-infection of tick-borne encephalitis and Lyme borreliosis 15 (7.6%) patients, hard tick relapsing fever caused by B. miyamotoi in 8 (4.1%) patients, coinfection of Q fever caused by C. burnetii with tick-borne encephalitis or Lyme borreliosis in 4 (2.0%) patients, and coinfection of tularemia with tick-borne encephalitis or Lyme borreliosis in 2 (1.0%) cases. We identified markers of tick-borne encephalitis and Lyme borreliosis pathogens by polymerase chain reaction in 3.6% and 4.1% of the patients. Most number of individuals with tick bites, and the highest incidence rates of Lyme borreliosis and tick-borne encephalitis were recorded in the suburbs of Tomsk. The age groups of 40–59 years, and elderly people 60 years and older were predominated among the patients. CONCLUSIONS: It was found out that, in addition to Lyme borreliosis and tick-borne encephalitis, there were such tick-borne infections as tick relapsing fever, Q fever, and tularemia in the Tomsk region in the 2020–2023 period.

Post-Pyrogenic Changes in the Microflora and Chemical Composition of Peat Waters of the Drained Area of the Bakchar Bog (Tomsk Region)

Post-Pyrogenic Changes in the Microflora and Chemical Composition of Peat Waters of the Drained Area of the Bakchar Bog (Tomsk Region)

Clinical and dynamic features of bipolar affective disorder in patients with chronic coronary artery disease

Introduction. Currently, the study of comorbidity, which is characteristic of the clinical picture of modern patients, is relevant. This also applies to psychiatric disorders in cardiovascular diseases, which are common, affect social functioning and determine the clinical and biological characteristics of patients and prognosis. Bipolar disorder and coronary heart disease are one example of such a comorbidity. Recent evidence suggests that up to 40% of patients with bipolar disorder die from cardiovascular disease.Aim: To study the frequency of bipolar disorders and their clinical and dynamic features in patients with chronic coronary artery disease with the assessment of seven-year survival rates.Material and Methods. Patients with confirmed chronic coronary artery disease, aged 35–70 years, living in Tomsk and the Tomsk Region: the main group (with identified mood disorders, diagnosed by a psychiatrist, n = 262) and the comparison group (without mood or other mental disorders, n = 291). The Hamilton Depression Scale for Seasonal Affective Disorders was used to assess depressive symptoms. The survival tables and Kaplan – Meier methods were used to assess survival, survival curves were compared using the Mantel – Cox logrank test.Results. The frequency of bipolar disorder among hospitalized patients with chronic coronary artery disease was three times higher than that in the population. Depressive symptoms in bipolar disorder did not differ clinically from those in other mood disorders. The prognostic signs indicating the risk of bipolar disorder include: family history with mental disorders, atypical specification of depression, earlier age of onset of depression, high multimorbidity with mental (anxiety disorders, dependence syndrome due to alcohol, nicotine) and physical diseases. According to a retrospective assessment, coronary artery disease in half of the cases developed against the background of bipolar disorder. During the 7-year follow-up period, the number of cases of bipolar disorder doubled compared to the beginning of the study. Patients with bipolar disorder had more frequent acute myocardial infarction and had clinically more significant functional classes of angina pectoris and heart failure.Conclusion. During the 7-year follow-up period, the number of patients with bipolar disorder doubled. Patients with this comorbidity had an unfavorable prognosis in terms of survival (62.5%) compared with individuals without mood disorders.

Рынок труда в креативных индустриях

The article describes a study of the labor market of creative industries in the Tomsk Region in order to substantiate its consideration as a key factor in the development of the local creative industries in the region. The authors systematized the existing problems to improve the selection and hiring of creative specialists. They analyzed various terminological approaches of the concepts of creative industries, human capital, and labor market in terminological interrelation. The supply and demand in the labor market of creative demonstrated its importance for the development of creative industries in the Tomsk Region. The analysis also involved quality of education and professional training in the field, which revealed some potential problems related to non-compliance with labor market requirements. Job interviews should include creative tests, and assignments, team work, and information campaigns about career opportunities. As the creative sector keeps growing, studying the current trends in the labor market of creative industries has become important in the context of economic growth and its impact on the regional development. The research opens up new prospects for regional studies in the sphere of creative labor market and possesses practical application.

Fiber flax varieties of domestic selection under conditions of the Tomsk region

The results of the study of 20 samples of cultivated flax (Linum usitatissimum L.) of the Federal Scientific Center of Bast Crops in 2021–2023 are presented. The field studies were conducted in the sub-taiga zone of the Tomsk region. Natural and climatic conditions corresponded to the requirements of fiber flax cultivation. As a result of the conducted research, valuable and flexible source material for the creation of varieties with high productivity traits has been identified. The varieties of the Pskov selection – Antey, Voskhod, Nord, Chance, Tver (Torzhok) selection – Polet, Universal, Smolensk selection – Phoenix, Impulse and standard Pamyati Krepkova – stood out in terms of total and technical length of the stems. The total stem length reached 90 cm and above, the technical stem length was more than 80 cm. The leaders in terms of fiber content in the technical part of the stems were varieties of the Tver selection (Torzhok): Tonus, Visit, Pskov varieties – Kvartet, Orion, Peresvet – 40% and higher. The highest value for the characteristic of stem slenderness (the ratio between technical length and stem thickness) was observed in the varieties Voskhod (681.0) and Peresvet (652.6). In terms of linear stem density, the varieties differed insignificantly among themselves, with most varieties having values in the range of 5.0–6.0 mg/cm. The influence of the factor " The year of inclusion in the State Register of BA of the Russian Federation" was also studied. The factor had the greatest influence on the fiber content trait. Varieties with earlier dates of inclusion in the State Register showed low fiber yield. Russian flax varieties are recognized as promising and are included in the breeding process as male and female seed parents during hybridization.

Dendrogeochemistry of Hg according to the study of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) in the Tomsk region

Relevance. The need for an ecological and geochemical assessment of the mercury intake characteristics into pine wood in order to identify the factors determining the accumulation of the element by trees. Aim. Quantitative evaluation of mercury content in the annual rings of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) in the Tomsk region, as well as identification of geoecological and climatic factors affecting the accumulation of pollutant. Object. Annual rings of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) widely used in world science to obtain information about environmental pollution by chemical elements. Methods. Pine core sampling, samples drying at room temperature. Determination of the number, width of annual rings and growth of wood on the LINTAB device (TSAP-Win and LIGNOVISION software) at the Institute of Monitoring of Climatic and Ecological Systems SB RAS (Tomsk). Determination of concentrations on the mercury analyzer RA-915+, by atomic absorption (pyrolysis method) on the basis of the Engineering School of Natural Resources of Tomsk Polytechnic University. Calculation of ecological and geochemical indicators: concentration coefficient, temporal allowable concentration, noosphere clark, normalization according to B. Markert, enrichment factor. To assess the climatic response of mercury accumulation by trees, the average daily data for 1933–2021 from the Tomsk weather station were used. Results. The authors have obtained the data on the gross content and geochemical features of mercury accumulation by Scots pine wood in the territory of the Tomsk region. The results of calculations of the main geoecological indicators of the mercury load indicate an excess of element concentrations relative to the background, the average for terrestrial plants, as well as according to scandium rationing data. The paper highlights the period of increased mercury concentration in pine wood (1941–1974) as a result of the influence of the city industry. A similar pattern of pollutant accumulation for 1970–1986 was revealed in the study area, with an excess of 1.6–1.8 times relative to adjacent environments (soil, solid snow sediment, pine needles, mosses). Hg accumulation by wood is affected by the precipitation amount, both per year and during the growing season and during the period with positive temperatures, as well as the duration of precipitation during the year and the growing season.

Dynamics of catches and state of stocks the European perch Perca fluviatilis in rivers in the middle Ob basin (in the Tomsk region)

European perch Perca fluviatilis Linnaeus, 1758 — is a mediumsized representative of the Percidae. It distributed in lowland rivers, lakes and artificial reservoirs, as well as in desalinated coastal areas of the seas of Northern Eurasia, with the exception of the Far East and the coast of the Arctic Ocean. This species is numerous almost everywhere. It is one of the main objects of industrial and amateur fishing. In the Middle Ob basin, a significant part of the life cycle of perch is associated with the floodplain system. There is, during the spring flood, its spawning and subsequent feeding of juveniles and producers take place. Therefore, the regulation of the Ob’s flow by the Novosibirsk hydroelectric power station dam served as one of the important factors that had a negative impact on the state of its reserves. Thus, within the Tomsk region, commercial catches of perch before the regulation of the Ob flow (1946–1961) averaged 354 tons per year, and after regulation (during the period of stable fishing pressure, in 1960–1985) — 157 tons. In recent years (2018–2022), the catch of perch has increased slightly and, according to official fisheries statistics, amounts to 211 tons per year, providing 5.9% of the total fish production in the region. Currently, the reserves of perch are in a relatively stable state, the estimated indicators of its biomass in rivers within the Tomsk region in recent years range from 1190.9 to 2277.5 tons, with an average number of 10.6 million pieces. The development of the perch’ reserves is satisfactory, averaging 94.2% of the recommended catch. Amateur fishermen do not have a significant impact on the state of perch stocks.

Regional Export Strategies and Programs: Development Algorithm (the Example of the Tomsk Region)

Regional Export Strategies and Programs: Development Algorithm (the Example of the Tomsk Region)

Dynamics of catches and state of stocks the common dace Leuciscus leuciscus in the Middle Ob basin (in the Tomsk region)

Common dace Leuciscus leuciscus is a medium-sized representative of the Cyprinidae. It distributed in temperate latitudes of Eurasia and inhabits mainly of rivers. In the Tomsk region, it is numerous both in the Ob itself and in its tributaries. Previously, common dace was a significant fishery object — during the Great Patriotic War, its production volumes reached 2,514 tons per year and accounted for up to 20,1% of all fish catches in the region. Fishing of dace in the Middle Ob basin can be carried out 1. by special traps “atarma” in the spring during the migration of fish from the tributaries to the main channel of the Ob; 2. by lake seines in the summer-autumn period; 3. by constipation during the migration of fish from the main channel of the Ob to the tributaries for wintering grounds in the late autumn period. Previously, the main volume of dace was caught in the spring, by atarma fishing — the number of rivers on which atarmas were placed reached 128. In the last decade (2013–2022), the number of exhibited atarma does not exceed 10. The dace is fished mainly by small fishers with lake seines and using fixed networks, in the late summer — early autumn periods. The average catch of dace is 131,5 tons per year (4,6% of all fish production). Dace stocks are currently in a relatively stable state, the estimated biomass of the species ranges from 901,4 to 1539,8 tons, but it is significantly underutilized — the development of the recommended catch volumes averages only 67,5%. First of all, this is due to the low consumer demand of dace, which leads to a lack of interest among fishers in specialized fishing by atarma.

Long‐term observation of waterfowl migration in the south‐east of the forest zone of Western Siberia, Russia

The aim of this research is an analysis of the long‐term dynamics of the composition and number of migratory waterfowl in the southeast of the forest zone of Western Siberia.Visual observations of waterfowl migration were carried out in the format of daily 2‐hour morning counts in April‐May through a period 18 years (1998–2023) near the Tomsk on the Tom river. Additionally, in 2002–2003, simultaneous migration was also observed on the Ob river in the southern, central and northern parts of the Tomsk region. The method of E.I. Gavrilova and E.V. Kumari was used with some modifications. Birds were counted which were transit flying via the territory, as well as birds sitting on the lake water in the area of the observation point.Twenty‐one species of waterfowl have been registered. Analysis of long‐term dynamics has revealed a trend towards a decrease in the total number of migrating waterfowl. In the most abundant species, Anas acuta, this trend is statistically significant. In some species – Anas strepera and Cygnus Cygnus – the trend of dynamics is positive.Most likely reason for the decline in waterfowl numbers is excessive spring hunting. A reduced hunting duration or the introduction of a moratorium every few years may be among the responses required. We suggest using the period of mass migration to monitor the waterfowl resource. This period is shorter and when the greatest number of birds migrate.

Television Media System of the Tomsk Region in 1990–2020: Unknown Pages of the History of Tomsk Journalism

Television Media System of the Tomsk Region in 1990–2020: Unknown Pages of the History of Tomsk Journalism

Energy assessment methodology ecosystems of the first floodplain terrace of the Ushayka river (Tomsk region)

Energy assessment methodology ecosystems of the first floodplain terrace of the Ushayka river (Tomsk region)

Pre-Jurassic weathering crust of the Kalinovoe hydrocarbon deposit, Tomsk region: composition and structure characteristics

Abstract. The study of pre-Jurassic deposits in the southwestern part of Western Siberia is highly relevant due to their potential of increasing hydrocarbon resources. These deposits are considered prospective targets for the discovery of hydrocarbon accumulations. Weathering crusts developed on the upper part of the Paleozoic rocks in the Tomsk region exhibit a complex composition and structure, reflecting the interplay of various factors, including primary sedimentary processes and later alteration processes, including fracture-controlled fluid flow and metasomatism. Aim. To establish the characteristics of the mineralogical composition and structure of the Paleozoic weathering crust formations developed at the Kalinovoe oil-gas-condensate field. Methods. Optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy. Results and conclusions. The composition and structure of the deposits at the boundary zone between the Paleozoic and Mesozoic successions have been studied in detail in the section of one of the wells at the Kalinovoe oil-gas-condensate field. The factual material is represented by core and thin sections of weathering crust deposits. The primary rock-forming minerals are silica minerals (quartz, chalcedony and opal) and clay minerals, with a lesser amount of carbonate minerals (siderite). Different lithological units were identified based on the content of minerals and bioclast (radiolarians and sponge spicules), indicating their formation under marine conditions. The protoliths of the altered rocks were carbonate-siliceous rocks, argillaceous limestones, and radiolarian cherts, which as a result of multiple stages of hydrothermal alteration and metasomatic processes were transformed into argillaceous-silicified rocks. In these rocks, with intense post-alteration overprinting, good reservoir quality porosity can develop. This porosity includes biogenic voids, microcavities, micropores, and open fractures.

Biochemical activity of peats of different genesis

The results of the study of enzymatic activity of peats of the three bogs of upper and lowland types – Saim, Bolshoye and Tungusovskoye (Tomsk region) are presented. The peculiarities of organic matter formation of peats of different types are given. It is shown that the properties of peats with up to eight different plants in their composition are a consequence of the different structure of polymers of the original plants. The activity indices of enzymes invertase, protease, catalase, polyphenol oxidase, nitrate and nitrite reductase in the peats of different genesis are determined. Thus, at the type level, the extreme values of nitrate and nitrite reductase activity in the peats of the upland bog are equal to 3.60–4.94 mg of reduced NO3– /24 h/g and 3.52–7.01 mg of reduced NO2–/24 h/g, respectively, lowland bog – 4.66–19.33 mg of reduced NO3–/24 h/g and 0.9–13.0 mg of reduced NO2 –/24 h/g, fluvial bog – 8.77–22.29 mg of reduced NO3–/24 h/g and 0.2–13.6 mg of reduced NO2 –/24 h/g. The activity of the enzyme in peats and in mineral soils is compared with the activity estimation according to the D.G. Zvyagintsev scale. Peats are found to show a wider range of invertase values than indicated by the scale. The need to develop a gradation of enzymatic activity assessment for peats is identified. Probably, the activity of enzymes on peat OM transformation may increase when external conditions change towards warming. In the future, it is suggested to develop an evaluation cadastre of peats by enzymatic activity, which will allow, through a balanced selection of peats for agricultural production, to ensure the required quality of products, their environmental safety and economic efficiency.

Снижение экологической нагрузки на регион за счет рационального способа утилизации фторангидрита

The article considers the chemical industry technologies contaminating the environment with sulfate-calcium waste in three regions of the former Soviet Union, i.e., the Tomsk region (SHK LLC, Seversk), the Perm territory (Galopolimer JSC, Perm), and East Kazakhstan region (UMZ JSC, Ust-Kamenogorsk). The differences and similarities of technological processes of anhydrous calcium sulfate production in the above-mentioned regions have been considered. Some properties of sulfate calcium (acid fluoride) that until recently was the main environmental contaminator used in the technology of hydrogen fluoride production have been specified. The objective of the study is to provide generalized positive results obtained by the authors of the article in the field of optimization of sulfuric decomposition of fluorspar not changing the production conditions and the quality of the main product — hydrogen fluoride. As a result of the process, the solid waste of hydrogen fluoride production is transformed into a target product, i.e., a technogenic anhydrite binder that can be an alternative to Portland cement and gypsum binders in the construction industry. Therefore, acid fluoride waste is removed from the hydrogen fluoride technology, and the environmental contamination with sulfate-calcium waste is prevented. In addition, a new trend in the construction industry is set, which is the industry production of anhydrite materials and products. The list of pilot-industrial and semi-industrial tests of the production of various anhydrite products has been provided (as an image listing the fields of use of acid fluoride in the industry of construction materials). In conclusion, the amount of environmental damage caused by the acid fluoride waste has been specified. In the Ob basin of the West Siberian region, it was 270 million rubles for 2023.

ИСКУССТВЕННЫЙ ИНТЕЛЛЕКТ КАК ИНСТРУМЕНТ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ РЕГИОНАЛЬНОГО РАЗВИТИЯ ТОМСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ В СООТВЕТСТВИИ СО СТАНДАРТАМИ ESG

The current global situation brings one important contradiction to the agenda: despite the fact that cities are the place of residence for 60 percent of the world’s population, they are responsible for most of the environmental and information pollution. The solution to the problem is presented by the modern ESG concept, which explains the joint work of environmental, social and state management systems. The joint work of these bodies represents a new direction of urbanization and regional development. The purpose of the article is to form the concept of the joint use of ESG and AI principles in the development of the Tomsk region as a progressive region. The object of the study is the Tomsk region. The subject is the definition of ways and mechanisms of sustainable development of the region. The results presented in the content of this article represent an assessment of the level of development of the Tomsk region in all parameters of sustainable development according to the ESG concept and the formation of measures to improve indicators based on the analysis.