Tomography Imaging In Children Research Articles

Efficacy and Safety of Intranasal Midazolam Versus Chloral Hydrate as Sedation for Quality Computed Tomography Imaging in Children

Efficacy and Safety of Intranasal Midazolam Versus Chloral Hydrate as Sedation for Quality Computed Tomography Imaging in Children

Facial Soft-Tissue Asymmetry in Three-Dimensional Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Images of Children With Surgically Corrected Unilateral Clefts

Cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CL/P) is a relatively common craniofacial malformation involving bony and soft-tissue disruptions of the nasolabial and dentoalveolar regions. The combination of CL/P and subsequent craniofacial surgeries to close the cleft and improve appearance of the cutaneous upper lip and nose can cause scarring and muscle pull, possibly resulting in soft-tissue depth asymmetries across the face. We tested the hypothesis that tissue depths in children with unilateral CL/P exhibit differences in symmetry across the sides of the face. Twenty-eight tissue depths were measured on cone-beam computed tomography images of children with unilateral CL/P (n = 55), aged 7 to 17 years, using Dolphin software (version 11.5). Significant differences in tissue depth symmetry were found around the cutaneous upper lip and nose in patients with unilateral CL/P.

Where are we with nuclear medicine in pediatrics?

The practice of nuclear medicine in children is different from that in adults. Technical considerations including immobilization, dosing of radiopharmaceuticals, and instrumentation are of major importance. Image magnification and the capability to perform single-photon emission tomography are essential to performing state of the art pediatric nuclear medicine. New advances in instrumentation with multiple detector imaging, the possibility of clinical positron emission tomography imaging in children, and new radiopharmaceuticals will further enhance pediatric scintigraphic imaging. This review highlights advances in pediatric nuclear medicine and discusses selected clinical problems.

Computed tomography imaging in children with head trauma: utilization and appropriateness from a quality improvement perspective.

Computed tomography (CT) imaging plays an important role in the acute evaluation and management of children with head trauma. When routine quality improvement (QI) meetings with representatives from the Children's Hospital radiology and emergency departments revealed disagreement regarding the utilization and appropriateness of CT in children presenting with head trauma, an interdepartmental QI team was formed to address this issue. Because formal criteria for obtaining CTs for head trauma were unavailable, internal institutional criteria were developed by consensus after literature review. Contrary to perceptions of some staff members, the majority (95%) of children who received CT met at least one of the established criteria over a one-year study period. There was little relationship between the presence of criteria and abnormal CT results, but decisions whether to admit patients to the hospital or to send them home were influenced by CT results. Follow-up studies suggested that patients who were discharged home with a normal CT or no CT had uniformly good outcomes.

Computed Tomography Imaging in Children with Head Trauma: Utilization and Appropriateness from a Quality Improvement Perspective

Computed Tomography Imaging in Children with Head Trauma: Utilization and Appropriateness from a Quality Improvement Perspective