Today Look Research Articles

ЛІТОПИСНІ ХОРВАТИ НА ВОЛИНІ: ДЕКОНСТРУКЦІЯ ГІПОТЕЗИ

In historiography, there is a prevailing opinion that medieval Volyn was inhabited by a number of chronicle tribes, primarily the Dulebes, the Buzhans, and the Volynians. However, there is a suggestion that the Croats, whose center of localization was in the Carpathian region, should also be inclu­ded in the list of such ethno-tribal formations. There are few written sources about the settlement of the Croats in Ukrainian lands, and they don’t localize them in the territory of Volyn or don’t provide clear information about the location of the Croat tribes. Based on written sources, some authors localize the Lendians and other ancient tribes in Volyn, but they don’t associate them with the Croat ethnic group. The vast majority of historians from various countries don’t see the Croats in the territory of Volyn. At the same time, it is suggested that certain Croat tribes might have been part of larger intertribal unions led by the Volynians at a certain period, but this did not result in the migration of the Croats to the north. The lands of the Buzhans and the Chervians might have been the zone of mixed population and intertribal contacts between the Volynians and the Croats, but not Volyn itself. Proponents of the idea of Croatian presence in Volyn use arguments from mythology, genetics, anthropology, material culture, toponymy, and historiography of previous epochs. However, their evidence base is weak and insufficiently substantiated. The hypothesis of Croatian presence in Volyn is mainly supported by geographers, philologists, and writers, but not by professional historians. References to earlier historiography are a weak argument, as upon closer examination, they also rely on unconvincing and dubious assertions. Constructions about the Volynian Croats today look too artificial and aren’t based on strong source evidence. If the Croats are identified with the Sarmatians, the Buzhans, or the Dulebes (or as part of each other), then we can talk about the traces of the Croats in Volyn. However, there are no or almost no traces of a tribe specifically under the name «the Croats» / «the White Croats». If the Croats are localized in the Volyn area, it is only on border territories that were zones of intertribal contacts. Even if the Buzhans and the Chervians are considered to be offshoots of the Volynians who migrated together with the Croats to Dalmatia, it is still the Volynians who migrated to modern Croatia, not the Carpathian Croats who migrated to Volyn. The identity or similarity of certain toponyms in Croatia and Volyn can be explained by the presence of the ancient Volynians and Croats in the common Dulebian union. The Croats didn’t bring their own names to Volyn but only spread their toponyms in the Balkans together with the Volynians. The Croats couldn’t have moved to Dalmatia through Volyn since it lies on the opposite side of their movement to the south. Even after the annexation of the Croatian lands to Rus’ and their inclusion into the Volynian province, there is no data suggesting that any part of the local Croat population could have ended up in Volyn. Theoretically, the idea of Croatian presence in Volyn can be attempted to be proven if approached thoroughly, objectively, and comprehensively. At present, it should be noted that the presence of the Croats to the northeast of the Western Bug, even as an intermediate point in their migration, remains hypothetical.

A STUDY ON WATER CONSUMPTION IN THE PARANÁ STATE PRODUCTIVE SYSTEM: A METHODOLOGICAL PERSPECTIVE

This study aims to build a methodology for the determination of water consumption by sector in the state of Paraná's productive system. For this, it uses data from 2013 (which observed by today's look, allow effects analysis). In order to do so, the importance of water in industrial, commercial, public and practical productionprocesses a methodology was presented to determine the sectorial consumption of water in the Paraná state productive system in 50 sectors. For this purpose, data are used for the input matrix of the state for the year 2013, the number of formal jobs included in the Annual Social Information Ratio (RAIS, 2018) for the same period,and the billed volume of water for the year of 2013, coming from the Companhia de Saneamento do Paraná (SANEPAR, 2018). As a result, a total water consumption for the state of Paraná in 2013 was 391,842,491 m3, with an emphasis on the agricultural sector representing around 70% of this consumption, according to WWAP(2017), with approximately 274,289,744 m3 of water, followed by Commerce with 65,034,959 m3, Industry with 24,992,889 m3, Public Administration with 20,262,809 m3 and Public Utility with 7,262,090 m3.

Thirty-Year Trends in Nursing Home Composition and Quality Since the Passage of the Omnibus Reconciliation Act

ObjectiveIn 1987, the Omnibus Reconciliation Act (OBRA) called for a dramatic overhaul of the nursing home (NH) quality assurance system. This study examines trends in facility, resident, and quality characteristics since passage of that legislation. MethodsWe conducted univariate analyses of national data on US NHs from 3 sources: (1) the 1985 National Nursing Home Survey (NNHS), (2) the 1992-2015 Online Survey Certification and Reporting (OSCAR) Data, and (3) LTCfocUS data for 2000-2015. We examined changes in NH characteristics, resident composition, and quality. Setting and participantsUS NH facilities and residents between 1985 and 2015. ResultsThe proportion of NHs that are Medicare and Medicaid certified, members of chains, and operating not-for-profit has increased over the past 30 years. There have also been reductions in occupancy and increases in the share of residents who are racial or ethnic minorities, admitted for post-acute care, in need of physical assistance with daily activities, primarily supported by Medicare, and diagnosed with a psychiatric condition such as schizophrenia. With regard to NH quality, direct care staffing levels have increased. The proportion of residents physically restrained has decreased dramatically, coupled with changes in inappropriate antipsychotic (chemical restraint) use. Conclusions and implicationsTogether with changes in the long-term care market, the NHs of today look very different from NHs 30 years ago. The 30th anniversary of OBRA provides a unique opportunity to reflect, consider what we have learned, and think about the future of this and other sectors of long-term care.

A Message from the Editor

A Message from the Editor Gary Kline [End Page 9] This issue of our journal marks a milestone, which is why I feel a need to address our readers and association members. For us, 2016 has been a time of reflection and change and expectancy. To some extent, our track may be said to mirror the general sense of uncertainty and anticipation with which many today look upon the future. The challenges that we humans face globally seem both daunting and full of opportunity. The headlines generally emphasize the events that inspire fear, sorrow, and revulsion. In such a climate, when people are hard-pressed, they often manifest the most awful and most sublime aspects of our species. However, challenges and change inspire innovations and adaptations that can lead us on a fresh path to a better world. More than ever, perhaps, our association and our journal are needed to help shine a light upon the path ahead. I will return to this point later. First, let me note that the Association of Third World Studies, Inc. held its 34th Annual Conference from November 20-22, 2016 and officially emerged as the Association of Global South Studies (AGSS). By any measure, our meeting at Indiana University Southeast (IUS) in New Albany, Indiana (on the beautiful Ohio River and across from Louisville, Kentucky) was an unqualified success. For that, we can thank the many good hosts of IUS who made us feel so welcome. Foremost, we should thank the conference organizer, Dr. Doyin Coker-Kolo, Dean of the School of Education. Her months of hard work truly culminated in an inspiring event, with stimulating panels and intellectually rich discussions. Participants from sixteen different countries attended the conference, which commenced with a warm welcome [End Page 11] reception with entertainment provided by the renowned jazz musician Jamey Aebesold and his incredible band. The Executive Vice Chancellor for Academic Affairs at IUS, Dr. Uric Dufrene, gave a heartfelt greeting to the attendees and Dr. Michael Hall of Armstrong State University provided a brief overview of the history of our association. The food was excellent, the desserts were sinful, and everyone enjoyed an evening of great fellowship. As Dr. Coker-Kolo will admit, however, her success would have been impossible but for the support and assistance of numerous others at her institution of higher learning. She was assisted by many of her colleagues in the School of Education, as well as folks in the Center for Cultural Resources, in Marketing and Communications, in the Office of International Programs, and others at IUS. There are too many people to name individually, so we must thank you collectively. I wish to mention, however, that support for our conference went all the way to the level of the Executive Vice Chancellor for Academic Affairs, Dr. Uric Dufrene, and the Chancellor, Dr. Ray Wallace, who delivered the outstanding keynote address at our banquet. It was entitled "The 21st Century Irish Diaspora: A Personal Response," and Dr. Wallace tied this topic into current events and into the work of our association brilliantly and with humor. He gave a truly excellent address. Evening entertainment during our banquet was provided by the fabulous IUS student band, The Cold Front. As well, at this meeting Dr. Coker-Kolo assumed the mantle of President of AGSS and, consequently, President Jyotirmaya Tripathy became our Immediate Past President. It must be said that Dr. Tripathy served us as President during a critical and somewhat turbulent year and that we came [End Page 12] through our trials on firm ground largely due to his steady and wise leadership. We in AGSS owe him a great debt. He was rightly recognized at our banquet awards ceremony with the Leadership Award. Additionally, Dr. William (Bill) Head, a "founding father" of our association, took the President's Award, which he so richly deserved. Others were recognized at this ceremony for their works and achievements. The Toyin Falola Africa Book Award was conferred on Mohamed Zayani of Georgetown University for his book, Networked Publics and Digital Contention. The Cecil B. Currey Book Award went to James Pietz of the University of Arizona for The Yellow River: The Problem...

Community LTC, HCR ManorCare, and Mark Gloth

Community LTC, HCR ManorCare, and Mark Gloth

Value Dimensions: Core Values Assessment in a Systemic Approach to Management

While the world has changed dramatically over the past decade, management theory has only partially adapted to this change. But what could a new management approach capable of handling the challenges companies are facing today look like? To answer this question a new management approach based on a company’s core values is presented. To operationalize the new approach, a seven level development scheme is introduced and its individual value dimensions empirically verified. The results of the empirical verification permit the conclusion that the introduced model and its seven levels can be populated with specific value-related attributes and therefore can be used to measure and describe the core values of companies.

Towards a “radical acceptance of vulnerability”: Postcolonialism and Deconstruction

Towards a “radical acceptance of vulnerability”:Postcolonialism and Deconstruction Simone Drichel (bio) The possibility for the home to open to the Other is as essential to the essence of the home as closed doors and windows. —Emmanuel Levinas, Totality and Infinity The “virus of deconstruction” Reflecting on Jacques Derrida’s lasting influence on a range of intellectual, cultural, social, and political practices, Derek Attridge opens his 2005 essay “Deconstruction Today” with a most intriguing hypothetical scenario, asking, What would a map of deconstruction today look like? If deconstruction is, as both its enemies and its friends have claimed, a kind of virus, and we might be able to produce—on the model of the mappings you might see in a treatise on global diseases—a large chart of the intellectual world with its presence marked in red, how would the result appear? (42) Spinning this hypothetical scenario further by, as he says, adding “another colour, say blue, to signal the presence of an antibody fiercely resisting the virus of deconstruction,” Attridge suggests that the map of deconstruction has changed dramatically over the last thirty years. Where an early map would have displayed intense spots of red and blue, spots that were limited to the disciplinary domains of philosophy and literature and the geographical space of France and the United States, “today,” he says, “the map would look very different”: Rather than red dots we would have to paint large areas of many countries and many disciplines in varying shades of pink, to show how widely deconstruction has permeated intellectual and creative activity even when no direct acknowledgement is made. Superimposed on the pink would be the red dots indicating the large number of teachers and scholars around the globe whose work is influenced directly by deconstruction; these would be more numerous, if perhaps more scattered, than in 1975. There would be fewer blue areas, though many would still be as intense. (44) In other words, thirty-odd years after its very localized emergence in France and the United States, the “virus of deconstruction” has spread [End Page 46] to and infiltrated every corner of the globe, leaving only isolated pockets of resistance to its global conquest. Why open this essay—which seeks to address the question of vulnerability via the vexed relationship between deconstruction and postcolonial studies—with what even Attridge himself acknowledges to be a “rather contrived metaphor” (44)? The answer is simple: contrived though it may be, Attridge’s metaphor of a map of the world being colored in with more and more red dots is intensely evocative in the context of postcolonial studies, where it cannot but conjure up a familiar image of imperialist take-over of the world through British rule. Just as the red dots of deconstruction have, according to Attridge, now spread virus-like beyond its original confines, so British rule once dotted the imperial map well beyond the geographical borders of “Mother England.” Somewhat surprisingly, Attridge himself does not draw this all-too-obvious parallel between what is ultimately a highly imperialist metaphor and an actual imperial history. Although he focuses on the field of postcolonial studies—as one of the areas “in which deconstruction […] made a formative contribution” (49)—he is not at all self-reflexive about the use of an imperialist metaphor in this context. Even as he proceeds to sketch the “Derridean influence on postcolonial studies” (48), he appears to be oblivious to the fact that, in doing so, he is implicitly associating not just deconstruction but also, by implication, the deconstructive strand of postcolonial studies with imperialist practices. A deconstructive postcolonialism, by involuntary association, here becomes an ideologically complicit extension of imperialism. Had Attridge been aware of this implied complicity, he might have had rather more to say about the postcolonial “blue dots”—the antibodies—that resist “the virus of deconstruction.” Granted, he does acknowledge that “[r]unning counter to the Derridean influence on postcolonial studies is a strong current of resistance by those who feel that the pursuit of ‘theory’ has been to the detriment of material analysis and actual achievements on the ground” (48); however, after a brief paragraph in which he juxtaposes “materialist” critic Benita Parry...

The Aftermath of Globalization on African Identity

The rope nations and people have held on in order to climb up to a better life, is now threatening to draw them back into a pit of oblivion. What will it profit a nation to become civilized and lose its identity in the process? How will people of today look in the face of future generation and fumble at excuses to explain why they are not regarded as a cultural group of its own? This paper tries to show how globalization has led to the loss of cultural identity in Nigeria.

Spectrum: 100,000-Member Milestone: It's All About Service

President's column SPE is celebrating a milestone: our association has reached 100,000 members! From its beginnings as a society within the American Institute of Mining, Metallurgical, and Petroleum Engineers (AIME) in 1957, SPE has grown to the largest individual-member organization serving managers, engineers, scientists, and other professionals worldwide in the upstream segment of the oil and gas industry. Because of its mission to collect, disseminate, and exchange technical knowledge and provide opportunities for professionals to enhance their technical and professional competence, SPE is still the source the industry turns to for the latest technical advances. But the organization has changed a lot in the past 50 years. So what does the SPE of today look like? It is no longer just the US-centric association it began as; it is a very diverse global organization. If we made a composite of the several people who joined SPE on the day we hit 100,000 members, the “SPE member” would be from Stony Plain, Alberta, Canada; Dacono, Colorado, and Hattiesburg, Mississippi, United States; Singapore; Al-Khobar, Saudi Arabia; and Perth, Australia. Spanning over 10,000 miles with a median age of 47, this member has a background in production and operations, service and manufacturing, and academia. Our membership is growing in nearly every SPE region, including those in North America, although our greatest growth is outside North America. Many years ago, SPE’s leaders had the foresight to see the expansion of the oil and gas industry globally and adapt our services and reach when other North American associations did not. Membership has doubled in just the past 10 years, driving SPE to offer more programs and services to a truly diverse industry hungry for information. With that diversity comes the challenge of how to reach and serve all of our members. To better extend our member services, SPE now operates offices in Calgary, Dallas, Dubai, Houston, London, Kuala Lumpur, and Moscow, and offers technical conferences and workshops in locations across the globe. SPE has also expanded to reach new segments of members, from young professionals with programs including global workshops and a dedicated magazine, The Way Ahead, to new technical areas such as projects, facilities, and construction with a new magazine, Oil and Gas Facilities. SPE also made it easier for its members to access data. Members can access more technical information online than ever before, including electronic books and the ability to view presentations from more conferences. The development and expansion of OnePetro has given SPE members access to technical information from 14 associations and more than 120,000 articles. Our society has an impressive legacy, and a bright future. Together we will continue to make it a society of achievement and respect in the industry. But we must be disciplined in what we want and be selective in what we do. We will pave the path to be a high-performance organization and position ourselves to reach our potential. I am looking forward to the new year and the great milestones we will achieve together. I will work tirelessly to do my part in ensuring our continued excellence in existing programs and in developing new programs and services to meet member needs.

Soo Yeon Kim. 2010. Power and the governance of global trade: From the GATT to the WTO (Ithaca, New York: Cornell University Press)

At a time when the Doha Round of trade negotiations goes into an agonizing 10th year, taking a fresh look at the lessons learnt from history on power and governance in the multilateral trading system (and the responsibility that goes with it) is certainly an attractive proposition. Unfortunately, Soo Yeon Kim’s inquiry into the driving forces underlying institutional developments from the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) to the World Trade Organization (WTO) offers few new or compelling insights into the challenges that the multilateral trading system faces at the present day. This is not to say that the book does not contain interesting pieces of information and analysis. Overall, however, its eclectic approach does not do justice to the complexities involved in the evolution of the GATT/WTO institutional context, and it is therefore ill-suited to provide a backdrop against which to analyze the constellations of power that confront the system today. The structure of the book is simple: It contains two parts consisting of two chapters each. The first part is qualitative/historical and devoted to an analysis of “Rules.” Chapter one examines the origins of the GATT in an attempt to answer the question “why global trade governance today look[s] the way it does” (p. 23). The second chapter then alleges a persistence of original power relations in the GATT or “endogeneity of power and institutional development” (p. 83). It belabors the principal supplier rule in tariff negotiations and focuses on specific flexibilities in the rules of particular interest to the larger trading powers at the time. Part two, entitled “Consequences,” contains empirical estimations of the effects of the GATT/WTO on varies categories of countries. Chapter three uses data from the inter- and post-war period to demonstrate the concentration of trade benefits from the GATT on a few major countries and the continuity of traditional trade relationships established in the context of inter-war trade blocs. Chapter four takes a long haul (jumping several decades of GATT history) to finally arrive at the WTO. Again, some quantitative analysis is offered that is claimed to demonstrate the continued existence of a

Islam: the test of globalization

Globalization has consequences for the religious sphere, but it does not constitute a break with the previous situation. It constitutes rather an acceleration of a process begun with the birth of nation-states. The impact of the values of modernity is general, since even those in power, whatever their tendency, invoke values of democracy, progress, freedom and justice, whereas submission is what was required of subjects. Nevertheless, people today look to religion for fixed reference points, because of the brutal transition from the Middle Ages to the 20th and 21st centuries, and because modernity is not a endogenous phenomenon. Islam then is playing the role of bulwark against western hegemony. It is also instrumentalized both by the powers that be and by the oppositions, all of whom give themselves over to displays of one-upmanship over fidelity to Islam. Does Islam then maintain its relevance in the context of globalization? The fact is that the bases on which social relations are now founded no longer permit discrimination on the ground of sex or religion, and that there is a loosening of the grip of traditional ritualism and that more and more Muslims are looking for an understanding of the faith that is freed from old-fashioned dogmas. These new givens are being demonstrated particularly when it comes to the exercise of power and the condition of women. As a result, traditional conceptions are destined to evolve, particularly concerning the status of the Koran, the growing awareness of the historical process that made the Koran into a juridical code, the archetype that has been stuck to the person of the Prophet, and the alienation that consists in the sacralization of every human act.

The Call for an Ethical University in and for Europe

What does the Europe we come from look like? What does the Europe we are heading for look like? And, on this winding road, what does the university of today look like? In every institution, tradition and projects are intertwined and, we have to distinguish between them in order to unite them. A difficult task, as one cannot choose but to receive one's past as a duty for the future. And this future is an ancestral home – thus, one ends up in an awkward position, one's image of oneself, one's intrinsic identity being blurred.

Employee Empowerment and Retention Strategies in Diverse Corporate Culture: A Prognostic Study

The recent times have evinced a very high degree of diversity and uncertainty in the business environment. Workplace of today witnesses the co-existence of employees from the various socio-cultural backgrounds making the corporate culture a complete diverse one. The progressive companies of today look for diverse workforce who can bring and help in managing diverse talents, interests, and viewpoints and that too in the continuously changing business environment. This diverse corporate culture has further affected the employment relations by not keeping it confined to traditional issues, rather concerns like empowerment, effectiveness, retention, development, managing cross-cultural diversity, management of gender issues, organisational learning, change management, etc. have emerged as contemporary challenges leading to new paradigms in corporate culture. The present paper attempts to address the specific contemporary challenges of employees' retention and empowerment in the light of organisational changes taking place. This paper brings to light the fact that Indian organizations are finding it difficult to retain the talent and are resorting to newer strategies of empowerment to retain the best talent.

The Future of Undergraduate Librarianship Degrees

Reflects on earlier editorials covering the development and condition of professional library education in the UK noting that the prospects for the undergraduate programmes that were discussed in these reviews and which provoked such controversy and anxiety at the time, today look rather depressing. When the debate about the graduate nature of the library and information science (LIS) profession raged through the 1970s, the Library Association was accused of trying to be fashionable and elitist. Those librarians who were ‘mere’ Associates of the Library Association (ALA) feared that they would have few career prospects, restricted salaries and be held in lower regard than graduates. Now that the graduate profession is taken for granted a new issue has arisen focusing on the question of the future of undergraduate programmes in librarianship. Library schools have reported a sharp decline in the numbers and quality of applicants for undergraduate programmes. Loughborough University has been forced to close its undergraduate librarianship programme following several years’ sustained effort to reinvigorate it. One problem identified is the rising burden of student debt, with potential recruits emerging from their undergraduate degrees with over £5000 worth of debt and a reluctance to extend this debt further. This problem is exacerbated by the question of whether graduates will be satisfied by some of the low salaries offered to new professionals (some public and school library salaries starting as low as £12 000 pounds per year). Whilst some surveys suggest that employers do not care about the level of the qualification as long as the individual is right for the job, many will still only employ those with postgraduate level qualifications and by so doing will overlook many enthusiastic and dynamic potential recruits committed to a career in librarianship.

When the North Was Red: Aboriginal Education in Soviet Siberia

This short book is the culmination of a decade of work by two Canadian anthropologists who pioneered research into the lives of Siberian Aboriginal scholars and intellegentsia. In contrast to the recently growing list of ethnographic work by Western scholars of Siberia, their work is not based upon long-term, on-site, field research in an isolated rural setting nor an intimate familiarity with languages. However, with the exception of Humphrey (1983), it is one of the only accounts of Siberian indigenous identity and politics from the important period preceeding the crumbling of the Soviet Union.Bartels and Bartels conducted their field research in the early 1980s for the most part within the institutional environment of the Faculty of Northern Peoples of Hertzen State Pedagogical Institute. Located within the heart of urban Leningrad (St. Petersburg), this institution has been famous since the 1920s for its pivotal role in training Aboriginal cadres from all parts of the Siberian North in indigenous languages. The fact that on-site rural fieldwork was forbidden to the authors did not prevent them from meeting and interviewing representatives of some 20 Aboriginal nations; many of whom who have today become significant actors in Siberian Aboriginal-rights organizations.This work is rather special, some would say controversial, for the fact that Bartels and Bartels took seriously the loyalty and optimism of the students they encountered for Soviet socialist ideals. In the first chapter of the book, they rightly dismiss any discussion of assimilation or Russification as being inappropriate frames of analysis to account for the complexity of Soviet nationality policy. Instead, throughout the book, they explore two local concepts of national consolidation and Sovietization. The former concept refers to what may loosely be described as the Soviet state's affirmative action policy of encouraging representation and active participation from each of the officially recognized nations of this multinational state. The latter concept refers to this state's characteristic stress upon industrial and urban modes of life. Together the two policies combined in an attempt to provide modern housing, health care, education and occupations to all nations in a manner which did not threaten languages or costume (but impacted strongly upon other aspects of day-to-day life). This privileging of hegemonic discourse during a period of time when the Soviet state was at the apogee of its power may strike some readers as being either naive or uncritical. However, their ethnographic sensitivity to the goals of this subset of the Soviet intelligentsia has stood the test of time better than other works written in the sardonic genre of Sovietology. As members of the Siberian intelligentsia today look around at their native villages ravaged by the indifferent policies of market liberalization, they fondly recall the good times (rashee bylo luchshee) of the early 1980s documented in this work. …

A History Of The Co-Operative Housing Societies In Victoria, 1944 – 1996

During the 1950s co-operative housing societies were one of the most important sources of housing finance in Victoria. Since then they have declined in relative importance to the banks and building societies and today look like they are on the verge of extinction. This article traces the history of these institutions and gives reasons for their decline in recent years.

The hidden benefits of optical transparency

The optical fiber amplifier will bring about network transparency and reductions in manning levels, interface problems, software and operating costs, while improving reliability and performance. It is in the area of economics that optical transparency affords a unique opportunity. What is generally not recognized is that there is a raft of hidden benefits, specifically: major reductions in interface technology, network control, and management software; reliability improvements; and reductions in the number of switching sites and craft people. System and network operating costs that are a small (even trivial) fraction of that today look certain to be realized. >

The Sheraton Palace

San Francisco's Sheraton Palace Hotel has just completed a two-year, $1 50-million historical-preservation project, and all of that grand hotel's architectural details have been restored to their original, turn-of-the-century design. Part of the moti- vation was to reposition the aging hotel to capture a greater share of the most lucrative markets: corporate and conven- tion, for example, versus package tours. While the hotel now includes modern amenities such as a health spa, the original portions of the Palace today look almost exactly the way the hotel's architects planned them back in 1909, including a faithful restoration of the famous Garden Court's 8,000- square-foot art-glass ceiling. The entire hotel was gutted before actual construction began, and the 1989 earthquake caused some of the finish work to be redone. This article also looks at the historical restoration of London's Dorchester Hotel; the preservation of the Equinox Resort and the Publick House Historic Resort, in New England, and the renovation of the relatively young Seattle Doubletree Suites Hotel.

WHAT WILL BE THE END OF THE AMERICAN REPUBLIC IF AMERICAN WOMEN REFUSE TO BECOME MOTHERS?-AS VIEWED IN 1912

The editorial1 below appeared in the April 1912 issue of Pediatrics (N.Y.). Both the florid style in which it is written and the sentiments it expresses will seem antediluvian to most modern readers. The majority of American women of today look upon maternity as undignified and a menace to a wife's liberty. They consider it an unwelcome invocation of duty and responsibility. So strong is this unhealthy sentiment prevalent in the rural districts, as well as in the Metropolitan centers that the gynecologist is eagerly sought and urged to do an operation which makes maternity impossible. If conception has occurred then these women seek a physician, devoid of moral obligation, and urge him to perform an operation which will rid her of the responsibility of motherhood. The individual women is autocrat of her own decisions, but when she takes the vows of the marriage law, however broad or simple its words, there goes with this vow an injunction of motherhood. The woman who unites herself in marriage to a man and then refuses to be mother of his children unless there are moral, physical or hereditary laws-which cannot in justice to the unborn be propogated in the human race, has obtained a husband, a man to pay her bills, and to support and protect her through the subterfuge and methods of a common cheat. The man and woman unwilling to be father and mother to children are both unworthy of a place in Society and should not marry. Let their taints, whether of blood, or body or morals die with their own soul's death.

The Managers of Today Look at Those of Tomorrow.

A summary is given of a research questionnaire that was sent during 1972-73 to a wide range of business and governmental organizations throughout the U.S. The questionnaire was divided into two par...