Toba People Research Articles

The exploration Batak Toba culture based on Schwartz Basic Values Theory: A descriptive analysis of cultural value Dalihan Na Tolu

Indonesia is a country rich in ethnic and cultural diversity, one of which is the Batak Toba culture. Batak Toba culture places great importance on the philosophy of Dalihan Na Tolu, a traditional framework that emphasizes social harmony and respect. This study explores the relationship between Schwartz’s fundamental human values and the philosophy of Dalihan Na Tolu in Batak Toba culture. The research respondents comprised 143 Batak Toba individuals aged between 16 and 29 years, 44 men and 99 women. The instrument used was the Portrait Values Questionnaire(PVQ-40), adapted to the Indonesian context. The research found that the highest value among Batak Toba people is universalism, with self-transcendence being the dominant value orientation. These fundamental values of universalism and self-transcendence are strongly reflected in the Dalihan Na Tolu philosophy, which emphasizes the importance of maintaining harmony and balance between humans and nature.

Prestise Batu Na Pir Sebagai Sarana Peningkatan Status Sosial Masyarakat Suku Batak Toba di Desa Silalahi II, Sumatera Utara

This study examines the tradition of building "batu na pir" in Silalahi II Village as a means of enhancing the social status of the local community. The research aims to analyze the prestige associated with batu na pir, employing an exploratory qualitative method with the theoretical framework of habitus, arena, and capital by Bourdieu. The findings reveal that batu na pir, which serves as a repository for the remains of ancestors, is a longstanding tradition of the Batak Toba people, maintained due to their strong belief in the power of ancestral spirits. The size and grandeur of batu na pir play a significant role in elevating the social status of its owner, leading the community to compete in constructing larger and more luxurious batu na pir. This study recommends education to prevent unhealthy competition and emphasizes the importance of preserving the tradition's original purpose as a form of respect for ancestors.

Deforesting the forest: Territory and relations in the Argentinean Chaco

AbstractThis article examines in depth the nuances of the Toba (Qom) people's territorial claims over the Argentinean Chaco. Ethnographic fieldwork carried out from 1997 to the present in Qom communities in the center of the Argentinean Chaco allows me to analyze the relationships that these communities have maintained and continue maintaining with their territory since their insertion into the regional economy after the Chaco's colonization. The analysis of the alternation of destructive and protective practices shows us the Qom cosmological understandings of human‐forest relations and the ambiguities of their coexistence in which Indigenous people, the nation‐state, nongovernmental organizations (NGO), settlers, and nonhuman beings participate. I propose that the forest, rather than being seen by the Qom people as a common good to be protected amid a planetary crisis, is a relation within relations intersected by ambiguity. This article aims to contribute to studies on the particularities of Indigenous people standing against the destruction that the Anthropocene has brought, avoiding unitary ideas about the Anthropocene.

The Meaning of Mangolusi in The Batak Toba Wedding Ritual

This study explores how the meaning of Mangulosi in the traditional wedding rituals of the Batak Toba people is deeply explored and uses ethnographic communication theory to present the wedding customs of the Toba Batak people. (Hymes in Kuswarno 2008: 22) and the constructivist paradigm. Data collection techniques were conducted through in-depth interviews, non-participant observation, documentation, literature review, combination/triangulation and sources. The researcher used the traditional Toba Batak marriage subject, namely Mangulosi, as a data source to analyze the series of questions asked in the study with reference to the theory used. Research findings show that the traditional marriage landscape is in disarray. Toba Batak is a sacred custom that all members of the Toba Batak community perform or must perform, both at the time of marriage and after death. As for , the event begins with a marriage proposal from the groom's family (first her ) to the bride's family. Traditional Wedding the Mangulosi event at Batak Toba begins with a marriage proposal from the groom's family to a woman from the bride's family. Thereafter, the wedding continued as a regular wedding until the end of Event. Regarding weddings, there is a gift piece Uros Cross given by the groom to the bride. This matter is a symbol of love for a life partner, and also has other meanings, namely, getting acquainted with or uniting with a formal family that takes care of the marriage. The event will then conclude with 4,444 pieces of food distributed to other people and the surrounding community. This is part of the traditional Toba Batak wedding ceremony. Traditional Batak Wedding the act of mangulosi in Toba is performed and symbolized by the gift of uros cloth from the male family to the female family. This is part of the traditional Batak wedding ceremony of Toba Mangulosi and has the significance of ritual sanctity, obligatory wedding ceremony, and symbol of love between the groom and bride women.

Textual Meaning on “Umpasa” Batak Toba in Wedding Ceremony

This research is aimed in investigating the function of theme of “Umpasa” in Wedding Ceremony of Batak Toba Culture in Pematangsiantar. Theories used in conducting this research were metafunctions, especially textual function for theme functions. Descriptive qualitative and ethnomethodology approach were implemented in this research. Data source was taken from those people who attended the wedding ceremony. The population of this research was the society of Batak Toba people from Pematangsiantar, where all the participants were loved and actived Batak Culture. they are commonly called as king of customs because these people was asked to handle and given a speech in the Toba batak ceremony for example in the wedding ceremony. Sample was any kinds of object which happen in wedding Batak Toba ceremony related to verbal and non-verbal communication Pematangsiantar. Then, the researchers did some procedures in collecting data such as observing, recording, interpreting and generalizing. After carefully analyzing the data, the researchers discovered that the most commonly used types of theme rheme when giving Ulos to the bride and groom during a Toba Batak wedding ceremony are Topical Theme 39, Textual Theme 12, Interpersonal Theme 6, and Ideational Theme is one. Among these, Topical Theme is the most dominant type used in giving Ulos to the bride and groom in a Toba Batak wedding ceremony. This is because, in Toba Batak utterance, people typically use the verb or pronoun in the first position, followed by finite and other structural grammatical elements that differ from those in other languages.

A shift of inheritance tradition in Batak migrant communities in Yogyakarta

This article examines the shift in customary inheritance in the Batak community that migrated to Yogyakarta. Traditionally, among the Batak people, the patrilineal system is a cultural heritage still preserved today. The enactment of the patrilineal system is one of the causes of the unequal position of Batak women's inheritance rights because only men have the right to become heirs. Interaction with people of different ethnicities, customs, and customs in overseas places not only expands the horizons of Batak nomads but also allows them to change their point of view so that leaving the roots of Batak customs will be inevitable. Until now, some Batak nomads still make boys as heirs, but it is undeniable that there is a mixture of heterogeneous communities in overseas areas that can give rise to a shift in the views of Batak nomads so that they become more open, such as accepting women as heirs with different parts. Equalizing the position between men and women through the division of inheritance indicates a shift in Batak inheritance customs that apply in the environment of the migrants. The emergence of the balance of position between men and women in the implementation of inheritance increasingly shows that the non-maintenance of customary rules that do not give inheritance rights to women is not solely preserving the identity of the Batak Toba people overseas. However, it should be suspected as one of the dynamics that emerged in the settlement of heritage by Toba Batak nomads.

Ekolinguistik Kuliner Makanan Khas Batak Toba

This study aims to explore the ecolinguistics of Batak Toba traditional cuisine, focusing on the relationship between language, culture, and environment in the culinary traditions of the Batak Toba community. The primary research question is how language and culinary practices reflect and influence the ecological and cultural perspectives of the Batak Toba people. The research employs qualitative methods, including field observations, in-depth interviews with community leaders and culinary experts, and text analysis from various literary sources. The findings reveal that Batak Toba cuisine serves not only as a means of nutritional fulfillment but also as a medium for preserving cultural and environmental values. Traditional dishes such as arsik and saksang carry profound ecological symbolism and demonstrate a harmonious relationship between humans and nature. The study concludes that understanding the ecolinguistics of Batak Toba cuisine is crucial for cultural and environmental preservation and can serve as a model for ecolinguistic studies in other regional culinary contexts.

Traditional Cultural Learning System for Batak Toba Wedding Using Multimedia Approach

Indonesia is a country with diverse cultures. Indonesia comprises numerous tribes, including Batak Toba. The Batak Toba people actively practice their traditional rituals, including wedding ceremonies. Their traditional wedding ceremony involves several rituals, symbols, and attributes with different meanings. Today, learning resources for traditional rituals, attributes, and others can be accessed through experts’ knowledge, video tutorials, and scientific journal. However, all sources have failed to attract attention. Thus, only a few generations are concerned and interested in studying culture. And threatens the dissappear of cultural experts. The research objective is to develop a system based on a multimedia approach that provides learning materials about the traditional rituals of the Batak Toba wedding ceremony. The multimedia development life cycle method is used for system development. Based on the research result show that 90% responded easier to understand the content.

SPEECH ACTS IN THE WEDDING OF BATAK TOBA ETHNIC AT JANGGA TORUAN VILLAGE, KECAMATAN LUMBAN JULU KABUPATEN TOBA SAMOSIR

The marriage of the Batak Toba community is closely related to the role of Dalihan Na Tolu, something that cannot be separated from Batak Toba customs because Dalihan Na Tolu is a symbol of the social system of the Batak Toba people, which has three pillars consisting of Hula-hula, Dongantubu, and Boru. The function of Dalihan Na Tolu, besides assisting the respective relatives, also plays a role in providing the materials for carrying out traditional Batak Toba weddings. The purpose of this research is to describe the implementation of speech acts in the wedding of the Batak Toba indigenous people and also to describe the types of speech acts in the Batak Toba wedding. In this case, the theory of speech acts is taken from Austin, which is then developed by Searle. The method used is a descriptive qualitative method supported by data analysis techniques based on the information given by the community leaders in the village of Janggatoruan, Kecamatam, Lumban, Julu, Kabupaten, and Toba Samosir. The findings of this study are of four speech acts in the wedding: 1) representative speech acts; 2) expressive speech acts; 3) directive speech acts; and 4) declarative speech acts.

Mutuality of being in the batak toba community: exploring the maingain tradition in the modern era

This paper explains mutuality of being that is seen through the tradition of mangain (adopts a child) in Batak Toba society which has progressed over time. This tradition is familiar for the Batak Toba people who want to do mixed marriage with non-Batak ethnic groups. In the reality, the whole function of mangain is rooted on ‘child adoption’. This tradition directs people who receive a Batak Toba clan—I called it the “Orang Batak baru”—, not only Batak Toba people, to a Dalihan Na Tolu life which is mutually dependent on each other. On the other hand, mangain does not encourage them forget their parents who gave birth to, and nurturanced for, them. Mangain has become an example of a tradition that can strengthen the unity of Indonesia, a plural country, because kinship in here is not only seen from procreation. Diversity has been seen as a source of conflict of interest between groups in Indonesia. The final result of this article showed that mangain tradition accommodates the Batak Toba people love non-Batak people, and vice versa, which can be seen from the implications of the mutuality of being in it. Archival data, writing of academics from various fields up to other forms of writing, became the basis of this research. Interviews of informants who have been directly involved in the mangain process, even wrote it in a book, then completed this paper.

Gabe Halak Batak; Batak Toba Ethnic Bodiedness Traditions as a Reference for Actor Training

Gabe Halak Batak is a term that was born from research on the bodiedness traditions of the Batak Toba people which means "Being a Batak Person". This research was conducted to take advantage of the bodiedness traditions of the Batak Toba Ethnic Community, one of which is Tortor. The author's interest in the tortor is because there are basic techniques in the tortor which are named metaphorically and through this naming can be an 'entrance' for actors in the process of exploring their physiology. In this study, the authors implemented it for actors from the Aka Bodi Theatre group in Medan who came from three different ethnicities. This study uses ethnographic and autoethnographic approaches in collecting data and interrogating the process of physiological exploration applied to acting training at the Aka Bodi Theatre. The results obtained are that each actor who participates in the training process experiences a variety of sensitivities related to the Batak Toba ethnic culture and has visual references regarding the creation of actions in the training.

CerminanFilosofi Batak Toba “Dalihan Natolu” Terhadap Nilai-Nilai Luhur Bangsa Indonesia

This article aims to analyze the philosophical views of the Batak Toba “Dalihan Natolu” towards the noble values of the nation. The problem is focused on the position and role of the values contained in the Dalihan Natolu and it’s relation to the noble values of the nation. In order to approach this problem, a theoretical reference is used Pasaribu in the Armawi (2008) Batak Toba people have a level of obedience and obedience in social relations as regulated in the cultural structure of the Dalihan Natolu so that it is perceived as one of the ways or methods in achieving life. Dalihan Natolu is a cultural value, the prime idea of its creator which is the source or orientation of the attitudes and behavior of the Batak tribe in their lives in social and cultural relationship. The data is collected through literature review of various writings search on the internet and analyzed qualitatively. This study concludes that Dalihan Natolu is a philosophy that contains noble cultural values in the life of the Batak Toba people, in the implementation of the Batak Toba customs,it is inseparable from the Dalihan Natolu philosophy which regulates the customary life of the Batak Toba community. Dalihan Natolu values are not only as values in the Barak Toba traditional system, but also in line with the noble values adopted by the Indonesian people.

Dekke Na Niarsik: Identitas Budaya Etnis Batak Toba di Pematangsiantar

The Batak Toba tribe has a very important traditional food for its people, namely dekke na niarsik. Dekke na niarsik is one of the traditional foods made from carp that is used in various traditional events of the Batak Toba tribe. Along with the development of the times, dekke na niarsik remains and continues to be consumed by the Batak Toba people, especially in Pematangsiantar City. The main problem of this research focused on the dekke na niarsik which is the cultural identity of the Batak Toba in Pematangsiantar city and the functions contained in the dekke na niarsik for the Batak Toba people in Pematangsiantar city. This research used the theory of the function of food by Foster and Anderson, and the theory of cultural identity by Myron Lustig. The findings of the research reveal that dekke na niarsik is a cultural heritage of the Batak Toba people in the form of culinary offerings. Dekke is award an odd number of times on each anniversary or event. Dekke na niarsik is given at the time of marriage, birth, seven months, adopting sidi, graduating from college, until the death ceremony. There for dekke na niarsik symbolizes the life cycle of the Batak Toba people from birth to the end of their lives.

BATAK TOBA SOCIETY'S PERCEPTIONS ABOUT SEX EDUCATION FOR ADOLESCENTS IN THE PARPAREAN III NEIGHBORHOOD PARPAREAN III VILLAGE PORSEA DISTRICT TOBA REGENCY IN 2023

Sex education is a clear and correct information regarding the issue of human sexuality, which includes the occurrence of conception, pregnancy, sexual behavior, sexual relations and health, psychological and social aspects. The issue of sexual education provided should be related to the norms prevailing in society, what is prohibited, what is legal and how to do it without violating the rules that apply in society. This study aims to determine the perception of the Batak Toba community about sex education for adolescents in the Parparean III environment, Parparean III Village. This research is descriptive using primary data obtained through a questionnaire. The sample in this study was the Batak Toba people who had teenagers who were obtained using a total sampling technique. From the results of this study obtained data, respondents who have positive perceptions as many as 43 people (81.1%) and negative 10 people (18.9%). Given the importance of sex education for adolescents, it is necessary to coordinate between the government, health workers and the community to unifying perceptions about sex education so that adolescents get clear and correct information about sexuality to improve their reproductive health.

Cognition and Ideology in the Irony of the Batak Toba Language

The research discussed the irony of the Batak Toba language that was studied in two domains at once, namely the realization of the process of cognition and the realization of social praxis. The process of cognition was analyzed using a conceptual metaphorical approach, while social praxis used a critical discourse analysis approach of Fairclough's model. The research involved the qualitative research. The data obtained from various sources, such as eight song lyrics, nine folk tales, two sermons, one traditional procession, and two oral conversations. Data collection was done by sorting out which expressions were classified as irony, determining metaphors, mapping the source and target domains, then identifying cognitive processes and social praxis. It is found that irony in the Batak Toba language realizes the ability of cognition, which can be seen from the use of metaphors of animals, plants, body parts, and even inanimate objects in conceptualizing character, identity, attitudes, behavior, and human existence. Irony in the Batak Toba language also realizes social praxis. This is because irony shows a connection with the surrounding nature, describes the reality of social value identity, shows euphemism expressions to avoid social conflict, and describes ideology in maintaining good horizontal relations. Thus, it can be concluded that the irony of the Batak Toba language realizes the ability of cognition and ideology of the Batak Toba people, which can reflect the local wisdom of the community itself.

The cattle-ranching economy in the Bolivian Chaco during the 1800s

The Bolivian Chaco on the margins of Pilcomayo River was a contested area during the 1800s. Tobas and other Indigenous Peoples boldly resisted the state’s occupation of their territories, keeping the frontier unstable for decades. I argue that Bolivian settlers gradually occupied the pastures along the river using violence, encouraged by state policies, and supported by army officers stationed in forts. Local merchants, Franciscan missionaries, and Avá-Guaraní neófitos played important roles in this process. I sought to better understand the viewpoints of state administrators and settlers. The views of Toba people remained opaque, beyond their actions to protect their lands from the ranchers’ encroachment. My approach combined ethnographic and historical methods to shed light on the expansion of the cattle-ranching economy from a perspective inspired in settler colonial studies.

A CONTRASTIVE ANALYSIS BETWEEN ENGLISH AND BATAK TOBA LANGUAGE IN VERBAL AFFIXES

Indonesia is one of the largest countries in the world which consists of various islands and tribes. One of the tribes is the Batak Toba. Batak Toba is a native tribe originating from North Sumatra because most of the Batak Toba people live in North Sumatra. In this journal the author discusses a comparative between verbal affixes in English and Batak Toba Language. Which is English such as the source and Batak Toba Language as the target language. This article aims to determine the difference between verbal affixes in English and Batak Toba Language. The implement used is documentation and reading several other articles correlated to verbal affixes in English and Toba Batak Toba Language. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis comparative studies. The research technique used is descriptive analysis to discovery the differences Verbal Affixes between English and Batak Toba Language. The findings reveal that the comparison of verbal affixes in English and Batak Toba Language in the recount text provided shows that the types of verbal affixes in English and Batak Toba Language are different. Verbal affixes in English and Batak Toba Language have differences, namely in English there are 3 types of affixes, namely, prefixes, suffixes, and infixes and these three types have more types in them. While in Toba Batak language there are 4 types of affixes, namely prefixes, suffixes, infixes, and confixes.

BATAK TOBA MIGRANTS: ADAPTATION AND CULTURAL CHANGE IN THE CITY OF PEMATANGSIANTAR

This research aims to be based on social changes experienced by Batak Toba migrants in Pematangsiantar City. The migrants did not adopt a particular ethnic culture but instead retained the socio-cultural values of batak-toba. However, Batak-Toba migrants did not become dominant in Pematangsiantar City, different in other areas that tended to be dominant. The method used to analyze data on the patterns of adaptation and socio-cultural changes of the Batak Toba people used descriptive qualitative methods. Through this method, it is hoped that it will be able to answer research problems. The population in this study is all Batak Toba migrants who live in Pematangsiantar City. Informants in this study as many as 12 people consisting of traditional Batak Toba figures as many as five people and as a comparison of simalungun indigenous figures one person, Angkola 1 person, Java 1 person, Malay 1 person, Minang 1 person, Karo 1 person, and China 1 person. Data is collected through in-depth interviews combined with library data. Interview results are collected, tabulated, analyzed, verified, and displayed until concluded. The results showed that the pattern of adaptation and socio-cultural changes experienced by Batak Toba migrants was influenced by the cultural background of Pematangsiantar City, namely Simalungun culture as the host culture and other cultures that were not dominant. Batak Toba migrants adapt in Pematangsiantar City to the local culture but retain most of its socio-cultural values, even if they become migrants and settle in Pematangsiantar City.

Local Wisdom of Taping NIRA AREN (Arenga Pinnata MERR.) in Order to Maintain Tradition by Batak Toba Community, North Sumatra

Aren (Arenga pinnata Merr.) is a type of aren that has high potential for ecological and economic value. The purpose of this study was to determine the form of local wisdom of the Batak Toba village community, North Sumatra in tapping nira aren. The method used was a qualitative method. Data were collected by means of in-depth interviews, as well as field observations. The results of the research show that the Batak Toba people use wild sugar arens as aren wine, roof huts in the fields and wedding ceremonies. The local wisdom contained in the maragat tradition of the Toba community includes: Cultural Preservation and Creativity, mutual cooperation, honesty, positive thinking, education, politeness, and tenacity.

Perubahan Sosial dalam Upacara Adat Perkawinan Pada Etnis Batak Toba di Tapanuli Bagian Utara (Analisis Sosiologis)

The traditional wedding ceremony of the Toba Batak ethnicity is a sacred activity and is a hereditary heritage carried out to this day. Currently, there are several changes in the implementation of traditional wedding ceremonies after the Batak Toba people in their hometown have interacted with people from other areas. The existing customary rites have begun to change, this change has given birth to a new habit. The purpose of this study was to determine the social changes in the traditional wedding ceremony of the Toba Batak ethnic group in Tapanuli Bahagian Utara. This research uses qualitative methods with data collection techniques, observations, interviews, document studies and focus group discussions. The results of this study found that the implementation of a series of stages in the traditional wedding ceremony that is currently taking place has progressed where the existing customs have become more diverse. The occurrence of this new habit is caused by various things, namely the influence of the teachings which the majority of the Batak Toba people adhere to, the changing space and time, and the actualization of status and power to achieve life goals. Various strategies are carried out by agents to achieve life goals by changing existing structures. This change in structure can be seen in changes in the way the traditional rituals are carried out which are organized repeatedly, in which various practices of traditional wedding ceremony rites are produced and reproduced, so that they continue to exist. Along with various developments, the implementation of traditional wedding ceremonies will experience challenges, namely consumerism, materialism and declining solidarity. However, this challenge is not a barrier to maintaining the traditional wedding ceremony.