Titanomagnetite Ore Research Articles

The use of block modeling to predict the variability of the bulk weight of titanomagnetite ore

The article presents the results of the performed studies using block modeling technologies to determine the volume weight of the titanium magnetite ore of the Northern deposit of the Gusevogorsky deposit, developed by EVRAZ KGOK OJSC. The methods used for laboratory studies of samples of titanium magnetite ore from exploration wells are described. The results of statistical processing of the obtained data are presented. The relationship between the bulk weight of the ore and the iron content in it has been established. Based on block modeling of the massif, a forecast was made for the deep horizons of the Northern Quarry of JSC EVRAZ KGOK on changes in the volume weight of ore and the total iron content in it, which will allow the company's specialists to use the obtained data in geological and technological calculations.

Primary source of titanomagnetite ores at the Orokolo Bay placer deposit: Implications for petrogenesis

AbstractCoastal and river sand sequences of Holocene age at Orokolo Bay in Papua New Guinea are host to secondary titanomagnetite ore deposits. The resource developer (Mayur Resources) declares a measured orebody of 139 million tons at grades of 11.35% Fe, 1.94% Ti, and 712 ppm Zr. Orokolo Bay is located near the boundary between the Papuan Thrust and Fold Belt and the Aure Fold Belt. This region is characterized by sedimentary rocks of the Papuan Basin, which are intruded and overlain by a diverse array of magmatic intrusive and volcanic rocks, ranging from mafic alkaline to felsic calc‐alkaline types related to arc–continent collisions in the Cenozoic. The Vailala and Purari rivers located to the east and west of Orokolo Bay, respectively, are the main sediment pathways. Earlier provenance studies have suggested that the deposited sediments mainly come from the erosion of volcanic rocks found within the catchments of these two rivers. However, these studies did not specifically identify the primary source of the Fe‐Ti ores within this region. Here, we report on a potential primary source of the Fe‐Ti ores by examining the occurrence and chemical compositions for detrital titanomagnetites, and associated pyroxene and amphibole minerals. The purpose of this was to discern specific attributes of the primary source for its identification. Lithic sediments comprised of magnesio‐hornblende (Mhbl), tschermakaite (Tsr) and magnesio‐hastingsite (Mhst) amphiboles, clinopyroxene (Cpx), and Fe‐Ti oxide minerals dominate the heavy sands. Feldspar is more abundant than quartz, and Cr‐spinel is rare. Two primary titanomagnetite types were categorized based on their homogeneous grain textures and TiO2 content, Tmt1 (average 28 wt% TiO2) and Tmt2 (average 7 wt% TiO2). Pleonaste exsolutions and zircon inclusions distinguish Tmt1 from Tmt2, while apatite and quenched glass inclusions occur in both. A portion of both primary titanomagnetites exhibits hydrothermal overprinting, this subset was categorized as Tmt3 (average 12.5 wt% TiO2). Fe‐Ti oxides are associated with Cpx and amphiboles as inclusions, and as pseudomorphs in opacitic amphiboles. Tmt1 coexists predominantly with Mhst‐Tsr but also appears less frequently with Mhbl and Cpx. Tmt2 occurs almost exclusively with Mhbl and Cpx. Titanomagnetite chemistry is low in Cr, Mg, and V content suggesting crystallization from evolved melts. Tmt3 is shows enriched Si, Ca, Al, and Mg concentrations that are characteristic of late‐stage fluids derived from calcareous rocks. Amphibole and Cpx chemistry indicate they were derived from a subalkaline source magma of arc affinity. Fe‐Ti thermobarometry reveals Tmt1 (990 to 967°C, −0.51 to −0.18 ΔNNO) formed at higher temperatures and in less oxidized conditions than Tmt2 (834 to 689°C, 0.33 to 3.2 ΔNNO). Amphibole thermobarometry reveals Mhst‐Tsr and Mhbl formed under similar conditions as Tmt1 and Tmt2, respectively. The lack of Cr‐spinel, olivine, and the abundant occurrence of zircon and Mhbl indicate an evolved subalkaline source characterized by felsic rocks related to arc magmatism. The only volcanic source which aligns with these characteristics is Mount Yelia within the Vailala River catchment. Compositional variation between Tmt1 and Tmt2 titanomagnetites and associated silicate minerals is attributed to heterogeneous temperature and ƒO2 conditions within the melt during crystallization. The provenance of Ti‐rich titanomagnetite ores from sources related to arc magmatism indicates the potential of other areas associated with arc activity in Papua New Guinea to host secondary deposits rich in Fe‐Ti ores.

Features of electrical conductivity at high temperatures of complex titanomagnetite ores from the Gusevogorsky deposit

Relevance is determined by the search and selection of the most information-intensive characteristics and physical properties of complex titanomagnetite ores in connection with the need for scientifically based criteria for their detection, quality assessment during selective mining and selection of optimal enrichment technology. Research methodology. To study the electrical properties, samples in the shape of a cube with an edge of 0.02 m were used. The measurements were carried out in an open system at atmospheric pressure. Electrical resistance was measured with a two-electrode setup every 10 degrees in the temperature range 20–800 ºC. Heating rate 0.066 deg/s. The measuring device is an E6-13 teraohmmeter with a dynamic range from 10 to 1014 Ohms and a relative measurement error from ±2.5% to 4% at the end of the range. Results. A collection of samples of complex titanomagnetite ores from the Gusevogorsky deposit (Northern quarry) was studied using physical, mineralogical and petrographic methods. Functional connections have been established between the electrical parameters of high-temperature electrical conductivity (Eₒ – activation energy, lg Rₒ – the so-called electrical resistance coefficient), the value and nature of the electrical resistance lg R in the temperature range 20−800 °C of the studied samples of complex ores with their structural and textural features and mineral composition. Based on structural and textural features, mineral composition and electrical parameters, the studied samples are clearly divided into three groups. Conclusions. The presented results, in combination with other physicochemical parameters, can be used as a reliable indicator of rapid assessment of the material being studied. Significant differences in the electrical parameters of titanomagnetite ores provide additional information about their quality. In combination with other methods, we hope for the possibility of using these parameters in the selective extraction of ores that require different enrichment regimes.

Theoretical Modeling and Experimental Evaluation of Vanadium Recovery from Mechanical Activation-Assisted Vanadium Titano-Magnetite Ore (NH4)2C2O4 Leaching

Theoretical Modeling and Experimental Evaluation of Vanadium Recovery from Mechanical Activation-Assisted Vanadium Titano-Magnetite Ore (NH4)2C2O4 Leaching

On the question of the feasibility of the integrated development of mineral resources of the Ural region

Introduction. Te article deals with issues related to the integrated development of the mineral resources of the Ural region. Te integrated development of mineral deposits is a priority area for improving mining, including the maximum possible extraction of the main valuable component of the mineral, as well as the search for technical and technological solutions for the extraction of associated valuable components and marketable products suitable for the production of host rocks. Te purpose of the work is to assess the feasibility of the integrated development of mineral raw materials and the processing of mining and processing waste to obtain commercial quality products. Methodology. Associated components in processed mineral raw materials can be of industrial importance only if the degree of their concentration in the products of enrichment, metallurgical or chemical processing, as well as the technology for the subsequent processing of these products, ensure the cost-efective extraction of these components. Results. Technological schemes of possible hydrometallurgical production based on tailings of wet magnetic separation of titanomagnetite ore of scandium oxide concentrate have been developed. Te results of the study of the chemical composition of the mineral material from the dumps of the gold mining production in the city of Plast for their processing and extraction of valuable components are presented. Te results of the evaluation of the physical and mechanical properties of a number of overburden rocks of AO Uralasbest (peridotite, diorite, gabbro and serpentinite) for compliance with the requirements of regulatory documents for the production of crushed stone are presented. Conclusions. Te implementation of the proposed measures will create conditions for a more rational use of subsoil and land, ensure an increase in gross output and expand the range of commodity at existing mining enterprises without a signifcant expansion of production areas, will reduce the area of land allotment and the cost of storing rocks, increase the load on the mining and processing equipment.

Physical and chemical aspects of acid leaching of iron concentrate of Volkovskoye deposit`s titanomagnetite ore

Physical and chemical aspects of acid leaching of iron concentrate of Volkovskoye deposit`s titanomagnetite ore

Process Mineralogy of Vanadium Titanomagnetite Ore in Panzhihua, China

After decades of development of the vanadium titanomagnetite (VTM) ore in the Panzhihua district changes have taken place to the ore characteristics. In addition, preliminary research carried out in this area mainly focused on the separation and extraction of iron resources and lacked a systematic research focus on the process mineralogy of ilmenite, resulting in a low grade and yield of the separated ilmenite. Therefore, the present study investigates the compositions, textures, element distributions, and particle size characteristics of VTM ores in Panzhihua were studied via mineral dissociation analysis (MLA), electron microscope–microprobe analysis (EPMA), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that the chemical and mineral compositions of the VTM ore samples were basically stable. However, the size of the embedded particles of ilmenite and titanomagnetite was smaller than that reported previously. In addition, the olivine content was found to have significantly increased, and a large number of altered minerals (such as chlorite and sphene) were also present, as a result of which the degrees of monomer dissociation of ilmenite and titanomagnetite reached 85% when the fraction of particles with size in the range of 0.04–0.15 mm was 75%.

INCREASING OF THE MINERAL AND RAW-MATERIAL BASE OF UKRAINE WITH NEW OBJECTS OF TITANIUM ORES

Ukraine has the largest reserves of titanium in Europe. Over the past decades, in the country has also established and estimated significant amounts of promising resources of titanium ores. Now the resource potential is several times the reserves of industrial ores. The mineral base of titanium ores is represented by magmatic in bedrocks, residual and alluvial deposits. New objects with estimated resources are located within the western part of the Ukrainian Shield. These are the of titanium ores with apatite in mafic rocks and their crust of weathering. In the northeast of the Ukrainian Shield there are titanium deposits with zirconium. In the central part also found magmatic, residual and alluvial deposits. And, finally, prospective resources of complex vanadium-containing titanomagnetite ores of the central part of the Pokrovo-Kyriiv structure in the junction zone of Donbas and the Azov megablock were evaluated. In order to provide potential investors with information on the existence of investment objects with certain resources and geological and economic evaluation, the State Service of geology and subsoil of Ukraine launched an investment atlas of the subsoil user. In order to supplement the investment atlas with objective data on the resource potential of solid minerals of the country, it is necessary to create an information base of promising and forecasted resources of metallic and non-metallic minerals and, first of all, those related to strategic mineral raw materials. In connection with the rapidly growing demand for titanium-zirconium products in the world, there was a need to involve in the development of new objects of titanium ores with favorable economic indicators. The accumulated material on the state of the resource potential of titanium and titanium-zirconium ores provides an opportunity to supplement new content of investment information for subsurface user.

Determination of rational parameters of agglomeration of Suroyam deposit`s titanomagnetite ores

Technological parameters for the production of sinter from titanomagnetite ores of the Suroyam deposit in the Chelyabinsk region have been developed. For this, concentrates with a content of up to 63.3 % Fe were obtained from experimental batches of ores, and agglomerates were obtained from them. The studies were carried out in order to increase the reliability and visibility of the results of agglomeration by comparing the Suroyam concentrate with an analogue concentrate that has an industrial implementation. The optimal moisture content of the charge, including the Suroyam deposit`s concentrate, was 8%. At a given charge moisture content, carbon content of 4.5 % and basicity of 1.6, the specific productivity of the sinter plant was 1.089 t/(m2∙h), which is 3.8 % more when sintering the charge with a moisture content of 7.5 % and 29.2 % more when sintering the charge with a moisture content of 8.5 %. With a basicity in the range of 1.6–1.8, a charge moisture content of 8 %, and a carbon content of 4.5 %, the yield of suitable sinter averaged 80.0 %, and the specific productivity was 1.100 t/(m2∙h). The quality indicators of the agglomerate are as follows, %: impact resistance 70.1; destruction 25.3; abrasion 5.1. With a basicity of 1.8, the yield of suitable sinter according to the +5 mm class and the specific productivity were 92.6 % and 1.641 t/(m2∙h), respectively, which is 0.9 and 3.41 % (rel.) higher than the figures obtained when sintering an agglomerate with similar parameters from an analogue concentrate having an industrial implementation.The article was prepared with the support of the grant of the President of the Russian Federation No. MD-1064.2022.4.

Reduction of iron ore grinding stages through the use of fine screening in a closed cycle

The possibility of application of a two-stage grinding scheme with the use of fine screening in a closed cycle of the second stage instead of a three-stage scheme with hydrocyclones was studied. Under laboratory conditions, an assessment of the effect of the sieve openings size of the screens used in the second grinding stage on the performance of the production of titanomagnetite concentrate for agglomeration was made. The sizes of sieves are considered: 0.63; 0.315; 0.16 and 0.1 mm. Reduction of the sieve opening size from 0.63 to 0.1 mm leads to an increase in the iron content in the concentrate from 56.32 to 62.71 %. At the same time, the yield of the concentrate decreases from 19.75 to 16.65 % and the extraction of iron into the concentrate from 71.07 to 66.72 %. It is shown that the concentrate for agglomeration with iron content of 61% can be obtained using two stages of grinding. The size of the sieve openings of the screens of the second stage should not exceed 0.2 mm. The results obtained in laboratory and industrial conditions, when using 0.15 and 0.1 mm sieves, do not fundamentally differ. Before industrial testing of the new enrichment scheme, it is necessary to perform experimental simulation of the schemes in the laboratory. The two-stage grinding scheme using fine screening in the second stage can be used in the enrichment of titanomagnetite ore. This will reduce the cost of grinding ore. Reduction of the grinding stages leads to an increase in the size of the concentrate, so the scheme is applicable for the production of concentrate for agglomeration.

Iron ore beneficiation technologies in Russia and ways to improve their efficiency

Increasing the efficiency of crushing circuits is associated with a decrease in the particle size of finely crushed ore and the use of dry magnetic separation of crushed ore. Reducing grinding costs is achieved by using drum mills jointly with mills of other designs. The use of automation systems, slurry demagnetization, technologies with staged concentrate separation, and beneficiation and fine screening in a closed grinding cycle lead to a reduction in grinding costs. The main industrial technology for improving the quality of concentrate is its additional beneficiation using regrinding, fine screening, flotation, and magnetic-gravity separators. Increasing the integrated use of iron ore raw materials is associated with an increase in the yield of iron concentrate and the production of hematite concentrate during the beneficiation of hematite-magnetite ores and ilmenite concentrate during the beneficiation of titanomagnetite ores. Incremented concentrate yield is possible by using magnetic separators with an increased magnetic induction up to 0.25-0.5 T in the first stages of beneficiation. To obtain hematite and ilmenite concentrates, combined technologies can be used, including fine screening, high-gradient magnetic, gravity, flotation, and electrical separation.

EVALUATION OF THE URAL TITANOMAGNETITE ORES AND INDUSTRIAL WASTE FOR THE VANADIUM EXTRACTION POSSIBILITY

Vanadium is widely used in various industries. The prospects for its consumption in the world are considered. The relevance of vanadium obtaining from various vanadium-containing materials in connection with the growing demand for it issubstantiated. Information about the most economically significant vanadium depositsin the world is given. An estimate of the industrial reserves of Ural titanomagnetite oresis provided. The study purpose wasto assess the possibility of the vanadium hydrometallurgical extraction from the Ural titanomagnetite ores and technogenic raw materials using various processing methods. The questions of using the acid and water leaching methodsfor vanadium-containing material of various chemical compositions, oxidative roasting at different temperatures, the use of various additives that make it possible to increase the vanadium oxidation state during roasting. In the resulting solutions and solid samples the vanadium content was determined with X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy. It was found that it is possible to recover and additionally extract vanadium from all the studied vanadium-containing materials. Involvement in the processing of new Ural titanomagnetite ore deposits and tails would allow not only obtaining the target product, but also free up the land occupied by waste, reducing the flow of vanadium into the biosphere in a dangerous finely dispersed state. For the processing of vanadium-containing investigated materials, the most effective method is oxidative roasting with special additives and subsequent vanadium leaching. It is recommended to select the processing modes of vanadium-containing material, taking into account its chemical composition.

STEEL SMELTING BY OXYGEN CONVERTER METHOD FROM VANADIUM-CONTAINING CAST IRON

The results of BOF steel smelting from vanadium-containing cast iron obtained by smelting metallized pellets from titanomagnetite ore of the Tebinbulak deposit in a high temperature tube furnace (Gero HTRV 200-250/17) are presented in the study. Studies were carried out on devanadization and decarbonization of cast iron under the conditions of BOF process in a vertical high-temperature tube furnace. The study presents a description of the scheme of the experimental setup and the methodology of research, which were carried out on the basis of Research Center of the Montanuniversitaet of Leoben (MUL, Austria, Leoben). The samples of cast iron with different chemical compositions obtained by smelting experimental batches of metallized pellets in submerged arc furnace were used in the tests of BOF process. The temperature was 1450°C in the first quarter and 1550°C in the last quarter of the test. The tests showed that the elements transition from the metal phase to the slag phase according to their standard free energies of oxide formation. The titanium and silicon content decreased to almost null values during the first 12,5% of the total blowing time. The content of manganese and vanadium decreased more slowly, but at the end of the tests they also entered the slag phase. The carbon content can be reduced from 4,5% to almost null values. The quantity of slag was small and as a consequence making it difficult to separate the slag from metallic phase, as a result the slag phase contained about 70% FeO. In similar industrial processes, the FeO content is about 25%, which means that the content of other elements is overestimated by almost three times. The values of vanadium oxide content in the slag obtained during smelting by the oxygen-converter method amounted to 6,2% and 8,41%. The excess of three times is consistent with the vanadium content of about 20% and with 25% FeO in the slag phase. The tests have confirmed the suitability of the vanadium-containing cast iron from titanomagnetite ore of the Tebinbulak deposit in the production of steel by the oxygen converter process.

The potential of obtaining ilmenite concentrate from titanomagnetite ore tailings

Titanomagnetite and ilmenite are the primary titanomagnetite ore minerals of the Gusevogorsk deposit. Due to its low mass fraction in the ore (approximately 1 %), ilmenite is treated as waste during ore processing. The purpose of this research was to assess if titanomagnetite ores of the Gusevogorsk deposit could be used to obtain highgrade ilmenite concentrate with a TiO2 mass fraction of at least 48 %. With the expected low yield of the secondary (ilmenite) con-centrate, the tailings processing system at the existing concentrator should be simple and should not include regrinding of non-magnetic products downstream of wet magnetic separation. This is a mandatory precondition for the profitable production of ilmenite concentrates. Taking into account the low content of ilmenite in the original ore, a combined system was selected, based on the technologies of magnetic and electric separation and gravity concentration. The process shall consist of six successive operations, namely: high gradient magnetic separation, wet magnetic separation, fine screening, table concentration, drying, and electric separation. Pilot processing of wet magnetic separation tailings without additional grinding delivered high-grade ilmenite concentrates with a mass fraction of titanium dioxide of 48.66 % and a yield of 0.13 % to ore. With lower yields, higher-grade concentrate (50.87 % TO2) may be obtained. Titanomagnetite middlings were also produced, with a mass fraction of iron of 52.12 % and a yield of 0.46 % to ore. Their further grinding and processing will additionally improve the titanomagnetite concentrate yield. A final conclusion on the applicability of the technology designed for obtaining ilmenite concentrate from titanomagnetite wet magnetic separation tailings should be made following a respective feasibility study.

Rock Classification in a Vanadiferous Titanomagnetite Deposit Based on Supervised Machine Learning

As the potential locations of undiscovered ore deposits become deeper, a technique for predicting promising areas in the subsurface media has become necessary. Geoscience data on a wide range of underground media can be obtained through geophysical field exploration, but integration and interpretation of multi-geophysical data are difficult because of differences in spatial resolution. We developed a rock classifier that can predict promising vanadiferous titanomagnetite deposits from multi-geophysical data using supervised machine learning. Vanadiferous titanomagnetite ores are the main source of vanadium, which can be used as a large-scale energy storage system. Model training was conducted using rock samples from drilling cores, and the density of rock samples was used as a criterion for data labeling. We employed the support vector machine, random forest, extreme gradient boosting, LightGBM, and deep neural network for supervised learning, and the accuracy of all methods was 0.95 or greater. We applied trained models to three-dimensional geophysical field data to predict ore body locations. These candidate regions were distributed in the northeast of the geophysical survey area, and some classified areas were verified using a geological map.

Hydrogen reduction behaviors and mechanisms of vanadium titanomagnetite ore under fluidized bed conditions

Vanadium titanomagnetite ore has prominent latent applications in the recovery of iron, vanadium and titanium. In this study, the reduction effect and product characteristics of vanadium titanomagnetite ore using hydrogen as reductant under fluidized bed conditions were investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectrometer. Under the optimal condition of gas flow rate of 1000 mL·min−1, reduction temperature of 850 °C, reduction time of 30 min and H2 concentration of 80%, the reduced product with a metallization degree of 90.22% was obtained. The titanium-bearing maghemite in raw ore was reduced to titanomagnetite, the massive generated rutile and minor hardly reducible Fe3-xMxO4(M = Mg/Al/Si/) hindered the further aggregation of metallic iron grains, and there was no FeO detected during the whole reduction process. Thus,the phase transformation process of vanadium titanomagnetite is suggested as follows: γ-(Fe,Ti)2O3 → Fe3-xTixO4 → FeTi5O8 → Fe2TiO5 → Fe2TiO4 → Fe + FeTiO3 → Fe + TiO2.

Analysis of the Leaching Stage Effect on the Vanadium Extraction from Technogenic Raw Materials

As a result of titanomagnetite iron ore processing, technogenic waste is formed in the form of vanadium-containing slags. The industrial processing of these slags is important to improve the environmental situation in industrial regions and expand vanadium raw material base. The study purpose was the vanadium extraction from slags of titanomagnetite ore processing (ITmk3 process slag and JSC “EVRAZ NTMK” slag) in the soluble vanadate form. Research tasks: hydrometallurgical vanadium extraction from slags of different chemical composition using soda technology; determination of the leaching mode effect (temperature and duration) on the vanadium extraction degree. Experimental samples in the form of slag and soda Na2CO3 mixture were processed to oxidative roasting and subsequent water leaching at different temperatures from 50 °C to 80 °C for 1, 2 and 3 hours. In the resulting solutions the vanadium content was determined with X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF). Analysis of the research results showed that the slag chemical composition and the water leaching conditions had a significant effect on vanadium extraction degree. The vanadium extraction degree from the JSC “EVRAZ NTMK” slag was 2 – 2.5 times higher than from the ITmk3 process slag after applying the same leaching modes. The highest degree of vanadium extraction was obtained after leaching at a temperature of 80 °C for 3 hours. These leaching modes increased the vanadium extraction degree from the JSC “EVRAZ NTMK” slag to 65 – 87%, and from the ITmk3 process slag to 31 – 33%.

Increasing the efficiency of iron ore raw materials beneficiation by separation in an increased magnetic field

Application of the technology with the use of drum separators with increased magnetic field induction (0.3 T) in the initial operations of beneficiation schemes for magnetite and titanomagnetite ores is considered. The technology makes it possible to reduce losses of iron from beneficiation tailings and the iron content in them during dry and wet magnetic separation (DMS, WMS-1) and for the scheme as a whole. When beneficiating titanomagnetite ore, the concentrate yield increases (by 0.22–0.53%) and the extraction of iron into concentrate (by 0.77–1.68%). When beneficiating ferrous quartzites, the concentrate yield increases (by 0.91%) and the extraction of iron into concentrate (by 1.07%). Concentrate production operating costs are unchanged. The disadvantage of this technology is a slight decrease in the iron content in the concentrate, associated with an increase in the load on the mills of the first and second stages of grinding. Therefore, the technology with the use of separators with increased magnetic field induction in DMS and WMS-1 operations can be considered for concentration plants that have the ability to increase the productivity of mills to ensure a given content of the class – 0.071 mm in concentrate. Drum (pulley) separators with the top feeding of material and Nd-Fe-B permanent magnet systems, can be used in beneficiating schemes for weakly magnetic minerals, for example, ilmenite and some manganese-containing minerals. With dry magnetic beneficiation of ilmenite middlings with a content of 20.7% TiO2, a concentrate with a content of 48.28% TiO2 was obtained. Dry concentration of lowquality gravity manganese concentrate with 33.19% Mn resulted in a concentrate with 38.40% Mn.

ВОЗМОЖНОСТь ХИМИЧЕСКОГО ИЗВЛЕЧЕНИЯ ВАНАДИЯ И ТИТАНА ИЗ ЖЕЛЕЗНОГО КОНЦЕНТРАТА ТИТАНОМАГНЕТИТОВОЙ РУДЫ

The metallurgical industry is experiencing certain difficulties in the raw material segment of ferrous metals due to the depletion of highly liquid target iron ores reserves, the alternative of which are titanomagnetites. In addition, the demand for vanadium and titanium is increasing on the world market, the absolute part of the world stock of which also falls on titanomagnetite ore. Complex processing of titanomagnetite ores provides for production of not only iron concentrate, but also vanadium and titanium present in it. In this regard, the relevance of research lies in the need for deep complex processing of titanomagnetites and their enrichment products. The object of the study was iron concentrate of titanomagnetite ore from the Volkovsky deposit. Due to the isomorphism of vanadium with iron and the extremely thin integration of titanium into magnetite grains, the purpose of this investigate was to study the possibility of vanadium and titanium chemical extraction from titanomagnetite ore iron concentrate. The authors have analyzed the features of the chemical and mineralogical composition of iron concentrate. Granulometric, X-ray diffraction, X-ray fluorescence analyses are used in the work. The feasibility of complex processing of iron concentrate in order to extract not only iron from it, but also such valuable components as vanadium and titanium by acid leaching has been proved. It has been experimentally established that it is possible to extract vanadium into solution and concentrate titanium in the cake by acid leaching of iron concentrate. The highest percentage of vanadium extraction (68.31%) is achieved by leaching with 30% hydrochloric acid at a temperature of 92-98 °C. It has been established that titanium is not extracted into the solution, but is concentrated in the cake, however, titanium dioxide is partially dissolved when hot sulfuric acid is used. Thus, it was proved that, it is preferable to use solutions of hydrochloric acid, rather than sulfuric acid for the selective separation of titanium and vanadium, due to the dissolution of titanium dioxide in hot sulfuric acid

Replacement behavior of Ti and Mg and selective separation of MgxTi3-xO5(x=1, 0.9, 0.75, 0.6) from Ti-bearing electric furnace smelting slag via super-gravity

Ti-bearing electric furnace smelting slag produced from direct reduction and electric furnace smelting process of vanadium titanomagnetite ore, contains a high TiO2 content of 40–55 wt%. While a mass of Mg, Al, Ca and Si are closely mixed with Ti in the slag, which greatly limits the recovery of Ti resource from the slag. In this work, the replacement behavior of Ti and Mg in MgxTi3-xO5 was studied, and selective separation of various MgxTi3-xO5 phases from Ti-bearing electric furnace smelting slag was conducted via super-gravity. It was found that Mg could replace Ti in Ti3O5 and form the MgxTi3-xO5, and increasing of cooling rate greatly limited the doping of Mg into MgxTi3-xO5, the MgxTi3-xO5 was transformed from (MgTi2)O5 to (Mg0.9Ti2.1)O5, (Mg0.75Ti2.25)O5 and (Mg0.6Ti2.4)O5 respectively. On this basis, various MgxTi3-xO5(x = 1, 0.9, 0.75, 0.6) phases were selectively separated from the smelting slag via super-gravity, where the mass fraction of TiO2 was increased from 78.69 to 90.32 wt% while that of MgO was decreased from 13.56 to 6.98 wt% with the increase of Ti/Mg ratio in MgxTi3-xO5. Moreover, the replacement mechanism of Mg and Ti was confirmed from characterization of crystal structure and lattice parameter of various separated high-purity MgxTi3-xO5 crystals.