Dentistry Tissue Research Articles

Laser in Dentistry- A Review

Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation, or LASER, is what the phrase refers to. In 1960, Miaman was the first to apply laser technology on both hard and soft tissues in dentistry. Over the past two decades, laser technology has advanced significantly. Soft tissue applications include wound healing, removal of hyperplastic tissue for uncovering of impacted or partially erupted teeth, photodynamic therapy for malignancies, and photostimulation of herpetic lesion. Various hard tissue applications include caries prevention, bleaching, restorative removal and curing, cavity preparation, dentinal hypersensitivity, growth modulation, and for diagnostic purposes. Although lasers have been shown to be slightly more expensive than conventional therapy, they are a useful tool for improving the effectiveness, specificity, ease, and comfort of dental treatment.

Laser as an innovative tool, its implications and advances in dentistry: A systematic review

IntroductionSince the 1960s, lasers have been used in dentistry, and their clinical uses have been evaluated. Many dental procedures involve lasers, which are noted for their simplicity, efficiency, comfort, and superiority over older methods. Lasers have been employed in various therapy approaches, from identifying small caries to planning and treating more severe lesions or cancers. MethodologyTo conduct a comprehensive search for our systematic review, we employed three search engines: PubMed, Cochrane, and Google Scholar. Following combinations; Lasers [general dentistry], Laser [soft tissue], and Laser [hard tissue], published in the last five years. After applying inclusion-exclusion criteria, 46 original articles were studied in detail. ObjectiveThe systematic review aimed to study the long-term outcomes of lasers on soft and hard tissues in dentistry. ResultTooth decay, gum disease, biopsy or lesion removal, teeth whitening, and other procedures are performed using lasers. Lasers are frequently utilized because they cause less pain, require less anesthesia and avoid anxiety in patients who are afraid of dental drills and instruments. ConclusionLaser technology in clinical dentistry practice is currently at an advanced stage of development and has a bright future. With the expanding use of lasers on both hard and soft tissue in clinical dentistry, treatment planning and prognosis have significantly improved.

The Application of Physicochemical Methods to Studying the Processes of Remineralization of Hard Dental Tissues in Dentistry

The Application of Physicochemical Methods to Studying the Processes of Remineralization of Hard Dental Tissues in Dentistry

Modern approaches to the elimination of artifacts of cone-beam computed tomography of the maxillofacial region

The use of X-ray radiation is the main additional method for complete visualization of hard and soft tissues in dentistry and maxillofacial surgery. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is of leading importance among other methods. Three-dimensional reformation of CBCT data into a multiplanar or three-dimensional image of anatomical structures allows for a qualitative assessment of the area of interest and to choose the right treatment tactics if necessary. Nevertheless, there are a number of factors or artifacts that lead to distortion, disrupt the image or lead to loss of information during CBCT, in addition, the formation of overdiagnosis is not excluded. Currently, an active search is underway for ways to improve the quality of CBCT images and eliminate artifacts to improve the quality of diagnostics. This review is devoted to the description of the main causes of artifacts and modern methods of their elimination.

EAO‐502/PO‐BR‐019 | Innovation with Biological Safety for handling cells and tissues in Dentistry, in the COVID19 era.

EAO‐502/PO‐BR‐019 | Innovation with Biological Safety for handling cells and tissues in Dentistry, in the COVID19 era.

Role of Lasers in Composite Restorations

The term LASER is an acronym for ‘Light Amplification by the Stimulated Emission of Radiation’. The first laser was introduced in the 1960’s by Miaman. Laser is used to treat a number of various dental conditions like composite restorations etc.. It is most commonly used in restorations for treating hypersensitivity, tooth decay, gum diseases and whitening teeth. Various kinds of lasers such as ND:YAG, Er:YAG, Er:Cr:YSGG are used in various dental procedures. Laser seems to be made for effective removal of dentine and enamel with only minor side effects such as thermal damage. The capability of Er:YAG lasers for the removal of hard tissues in dentistry was exhibited as of now in 1989, Er:YAG (erbium-doped yttrium aluminum garnet) lasers have been progressively utilized in dental practices and are turning out to be increasingly more an agreeable technique for caries evacuation for patients, as conventional cavity drilling may cause noise and pain. Laser received FDA approval for caries removal and cavity preparations. The use of laser therapy also seems to be promising from many recent researchers. Laser therapy induces surface roughness or even improves bond strength or decreases marginal leakage. There seems to be a general consensus on the fact that Er:YAG is one of the best suited types of lasers because it’s efficiency in dentine is very good without any damage of pulp. Er:YAG lasers are a lot utilized in small scale blasts that may bring visible irregularities. In addition, pain reduction in comparison to bur assisted preparation of cavities has been clearly demonstrated.

Y-doped TiO2 coating with superior bioactivity and antibacterial property prepared via plasma electrolytic oxidation

To improve the bioactivity and antibacterial properties of implant materials. In this study, the biomedical titanium alloy (Ti-6Al-4V) was covered by yttrium doped titanium dioxide (Y-TiO2) coating via a plasma electrolytic oxidation (PEO) method. By changing the concentration of yttrium acetate in the electrolyte, Y-TiO2 coating with different mass ratios of yttrium were obtained. The structure morphology and chemical composition of the Y-TiO2 coating were systematically characterized. The results indicated that the porous and micro-nanostructured Y-TiO2 coatings were constructed by the pores smaller than 4 μm. Definitely yttrium was not only distributed on the surface but also embedded in the coating. Yttrium mainly existed in form of Y2O3 and Y3+ state in prepared TiO2 coating. Element release profiles confirmed that yttrium release slowly from Y-TiO2 for 32 days. Cell culture tests demonstrated that Y-TiO2 coating exhibited good biocompatibility on osteoblastic precursor cells and fibroblasts cells with increasing doping concentration of yttrium. Bacteriostasis experiments revealed that Y-TiO2 coating possess excellent antibacterial property against Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) and Escherichia coli (E. coli). Thus, the prepared Y-TiO2 coating with outstanding biocompatibility and antibacterial capacity provided a preferred strategy for the repair and reconstruction of bone tissues in dentistry and orthopedics.

In Vitro and In Vivo Evaluation of Poly (3-hydroxybutyrate)/Carbon Nanotubes Electrospun Scaffolds for Periodontal Ligament Tissue Engineering.

Statement of the Problem: Tissue engineering was an idea, today it has become a potential therapy for several tissues in dentistry, such as periodontal disease and oral mucosa.Purpose: In this experimental study, periodontal regeneration is one of the earliest clinical disciplines that has achieved therapeutic application in tissue engineering. The aim of the present study was to prepare electrospun Poly (3-hydroxybutyrate) (PHB)/1% Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) scaffolds for periodontal regeneration.Materials and Method: 1% w/v of CNTs was added to the polymer solutions and electrospinned. Physical properties of the scaffolds were evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and universal testing machine. Chemical characterization of the scaffolds was also assessed by Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). Biological properties of the scaffolds were also evaluated in vitro by culturing periodontal ligament stem cells (PDLSCs) on the scaffolds for 10 days and in vivo by Implanting the scaffolds in rat model for 5 weeks.Results: Results showed that the scaffolds mimicked fibrous connective tissue of the (PDL). CNTs improved the mechanical properties, similar to 23-55 years old human PDL. In vitro biocompatibility study showed more attachment and proliferation of the PDLSCs for PHB/1%CNTs scaffolds compared to the PHB controls. In vivo study showed that CNTs in the scaffolds caused mild foreign body type giant cell reaction, moderate vascularization, and mild inflammation.Conclusion: The results showed that the PHB/1%CNTs composite scaffolds might be potentially useful in periodontal regeneration.

Use of an infrared diaphanoscopy method for estimating the condition of mouth cavity's soft tissues in dentistry

Use of an infrared diaphanoscopy method for estimating the condition of mouth cavity's soft tissues in dentistry