Fabrication Of Tissue Scaffolds Research Articles

Microwave Revolution: Transforming Biomedical Synthesis for Tissue Engineering Advancements

: Microwave-Assisted Synthesis (MAS) has emerged as a groundbreaking technique revolutionizing the field of biomedical and tissue engineering. This review aims to explore the fundamental principles, techniques, and applications of MAS in these domains. Beginning with an overview highlighting its significance, we delve into the basic principles, mechanisms, and comparative analysis with conventional methods. Subsequently, the review explores MAS techniques in biomaterial synthesis, tissue scaffold fabrication, functionalization, and nanomaterial synthesis, along with their role in drug delivery systems. We then examine its diverse applications, including rapid biomaterial synthesis, property tailoring, biocompatibility enhancements, and tissue regeneration strategies. Furthermore, we address the challenges and future perspectives, focusing on safety considerations, understanding cellular responses, integration with advanced technologies, regulatory aspects, and future directions. This comprehensive review underscores MAS as a transformative tool driving innovations in biomedical research and therapeutic applications.

Multi-Stage Thermal Modelling of Extrusion-Based Polymer Additive Manufacturing

Additive manufacturing is one the most promising fabrication strategies for the fabrication of bone tissue scaffolds using biodegradable semi-crystalline polymers. During the fabrication process, polymeric material in a molten state is deposited in a platform and starts to solidify while cooling down. The build-up of consecutive layers reheats the previously deposited material, introducing a complex thermal cycle with impacts on the overall properties of printed scaffolds. Therefore, the accurate prediction of these thermal cycles is significantly important to properly design the additively manufactured polymer scaffolds and the bonding between the layers. This paper presents a novel multi-stage numerical model, integrating a 2D representation of the dynamic deposition process and a 3D thermal evolution model to simulate the fabrication process. Numerical simulations show how the deposition velocity controls the spatial dimensions of the individual deposition layers and the cooling process when consecutive layers are deposited during polymer printing. Moreover, numerical results show a good agreement with experimental results.

3D printed polylactic acid/gelatin-nano-hydroxyapatite/platelet-rich plasma scaffold for critical-sized skull defect regeneration

BackgroundThree-dimensional (3D) printing is a capable approach for the fabrication of bone tissue scaffolds. Nevertheless, a purely made scaffold such as polylactic acid (PLA) may suffer from shortcomings and be restricted due to its biological behavior. Gelatin, hydroxyapatite and platelet-rich plasma (PRP) have been revealed to be of potential to enhance the osteogenic effect. In this study, it was tried to improve the properties of 3D-printed PLA scaffolds by infilling them with gelatin-nano-hydroxyapatite (PLA/G-nHA) and subsequent coating with PRP. For comparison, bare PLA and PLA/G-nHA scaffolds were also fabricated. The printing accuracy, the scaffold structural characterizations, mechanical properties, degradability behavior, cell adhesion, mineralization, systemic effect of the scaffolds on the liver enzymes, osteocalcin level in blood serum and in vivo bone regeneration capability in rat critical-sized calvaria defect were evaluated.ResultsHigh printing accuracy (printing error of < 11%) was obtained for all measured parameters including strut thickness, pore width, scaffold density and porosity%. The highest mean ultimate compression strength (UCS) was associated with PLA/G-nHA/PRP scaffolds, which was 10.95 MPa. A slow degradation rate was observed for all scaffolds. The PLA/G-nHA/PRP had slightly higher degradation rate, possibly due to PRP release, with burst release occurred at week 4. The MTT results showed that PLA/G-nHA/PRP provided the highest cell proliferation at all time points, and the serum biochemistry (ALT and AST level) results indicated no abnormal/toxic influence caused by scaffold biomaterials. Superior cell adhesion and mineralization were obtained for PLA/G-nHA/PRP. Furthermore, all the developed scaffolds showed bone repair capability. The PLA/G-nHA/PRP scaffolds could better support bone regeneration than bare PLA and PLA/G-nHA scaffolds.ConclusionThe PLA/G-nHA/PRP scaffolds can be considered as potential for hard tissue repair.

Study on Dual Pore Network Polylactic Acid Scaffolds for Growth of MCF7 Human Breast Cancer Cells

The ability to fabricate dual pore tissue scaffolds remains a challenge with respect to material selection and control over geometry. Herein, a novel method combining additive manufacturing and solid‐state foaming to fabricate dual porous tissue scaffolds is presented. Structures with designed architectures are 3D printed followed by solid‐state foaming resulting in macro‐ and micropores, respectively. The advantage of this approach is its applicability to a wide range of materials with flexibility to control the pore sizes during the design stage and foaming process, respectively. The obtained scaffolds have macro‐ and micropore sizes of 200 and 25 μm, respectively, with a porosity of 71%. The scaffolds are seeded and cultured with MCF7 breast cancer cells to study cell adhesion and growth followed by the efficacy of oleuropein treatment. The results show that the scaffold is able to support attachment, proliferation, and viability of the cells. In addition, the scaffolds do not elicit any toxicity and the MCF7 cells are equally susceptible to the oleuropein treatment when grown on the scaffolds. In summary, a scalable, controllable, and repeatable process for the fabrication of dual pore tissue scaffolds is presented, which can aid in the development of bioartificial organs.

The Use of Collagen with High Concentration in Cartilage Tissue Engineering by Means of 3D-Bioprinting

3D-bioprinting is a promising technology for a tissue scaffold fabrication in the case of damaged tissue/organ replacement. Collagen is one of the most appropriate hydrogel for the purpose, due to its exceptional biocompatibility. However, the use of collagen with conventionally low concentration makes bioprinting process difficult and does not provide its high accuracy. The purpose of the study was evaluation of suitability of collagen with high concentration in case of chondrocyte-laden scaffold fabrication via 3D-bioprinting for cartilage regeneration in vitro and in vivo. The results of the study showed that inherent porosity of 4% collagen was not enough for cell survival in the case of long-term incubation in vitro. With the beginning of the scaffold incubation, cell migration to the surface and out of the scaffold was observed. The residual cells died mostly within 4 weeks. As for in vivo study, in 2 weeks after implantation of the scaffold, a weak granulomatous inflammation was observed. In 6 weeks, a connective tissue was formed in the area of implantation. In the tissue, macrophages and groups of small cells with round nuclei were found. In accordance with morphological criteria, these cells could be considered as young chondrocytes. However, its amount was not enough to initiate the formation of cartilage.

Solvent-Free Three-Dimensional Printing of Biodegradable Elastomers Using Liquid Macrophotoinitiators

Vat photopolymerization 3D printing provides new opportunities for the fabrication of tissue scaffolds and medical devices. However, for the manufacturing of biodegradable elastomers, it usually requires the use of organic solvents to dissolve the solid photoinitators and achieve low resin viscosity, making this process environmentally unfriendly and not optimal for biomedical applications. Here, we report solvent-free 3D printing of biodegradable elastomers by digital light processing with well-defined photoinitiator–polymer conjugates. Being in liquid state at room temperature, the macrophotoinitiators enabled high-quality 3D printing in the absence of any organic solvents that are usually used in digital light 3D printing. This allowed the systematic investigation of structure–property relationships of 3D-printed biodegradable elastomers without the interference from reactive diluents. The developed macrophotoinitiators were compatible with various photopolymers and could be applied for solvent-free fabrication of biodegradable shape-memory devices. This work offers new perspectives for the solvent-free additive manufacturing of bioresorbable medical implants and other functional devices.

Abstract 2637: The use of 3D-printed Polylactic acid scaffolds (PLA) as a substrate for growth of MCF7 human breast cancer cells

Abstract This study focuses on fabrication of large-scale tissue scaffolds from Polylactic acid (PLA) and their feasibility as a substrate for cell growth. The scaffolds were fabricated via combined additive manufacturing and microwave foaming. The benefit of this approach is the ability to generate scaffolds with specific architectures and controllable pore size and porosity. The resulting scaffolds have dual pore networks with porosity in excess of 80% which provide a pathway for both cell growth and circulation of culture media. We sought to determine the capability of these scaffolds to support attachment, growth and viability of the MCF7 human breast cancer cell line, as well as drug sensitivity. For these experiments the PLA scaffolds were sterilized in 24-well plates and 1 x 105 MCF7 cells were seeded into each well and cultured for up to 7 days. Scaffolds were then used for SEM imaging, hoescht-staining, or cell counting and viability measurements after trypsinization. Comparisons of cell numbers detached from the scaffolds vs. the remaining well suggest a proportionally small percentage of cells (less than 5%) attached to the PLA, which is not surprising since the scaffolds lack a solid bottom. However, our imaging data using hoescht-staining of PLA-attached cells pre- and post- trypsinization suggest that traditional trypsinization does not effectively detach cells from the PLA material, and therefore this method cannot be used to accurately determine the proportion of cells growing on the scaffolds. This also reveals a potential limitation for application. SEM imaging confirmed cell attachment, with cell growth in the form of sheets along the struts on the bottom layer, and clusters elsewhere with a size of around 50 micron. Analysis of viability using trypan blue exclusion shows no effect of the PLA material on cell viability. To determine the drug sensitivity of cells grown with the PLA material, we treated MCF7 cells grown in the presence or absence of oleuropein, the main phenolic compound found in olive leaves. Media was collected at 48 hours and 7 days and released LDH measured by a cytotoxicity assay. Our data showed that the PLA material itself did not increase cellular toxicity in the absence of oleuropein treatment. It also confirmed that treatment with 200 ug/ml oleuropein induces the expected cytotoxicity in MCF7 cells grown in the absence of PLA, with no significant difference in oleuropein-susceptibility for cells grown in the presence of PLA scaffolds. Together, our results suggest that PLA scaffolds can support MCF7 cell attachment and growth, with no effect on cell viability or drug-induced cytotoxicity. This provides support for the promise of PLA scaffolds for physiologically relevant cell and tissue culture work. Citation Format: Brenna McAllister, Mohammed Mustafa, Sriharsha Sundarram, Shelley A. Phelan. The use of 3D-printed Polylactic acid scaffolds (PLA) as a substrate for growth of MCF7 human breast cancer cells [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the American Association for Cancer Research Annual Meeting 2021; 2021 Apr 10-15 and May 17-21. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2021;81(13_Suppl):Abstract nr 2637.

Three dimensional printed nanostructure biomaterials for bone tissue engineering.

The suffering from organ dysfunction due to damaged or diseased tissue/bone has been globally on the rise. Current treatment strategies for non-union bone defects include: the use of autografts, allografts, synthetic grafts and free vascularized fibular grafts. Bone tissue engineering has emerged as an alternative for fracture repair to satisfy the current unmet need of bone grafts and to alleviate the problems associated with autografts and allografts. The technology offers the possibility to induce new functional bone regeneration using synergistic combination of functional biomaterials (scaffolds), cells, and growth factors. Bone scaffolds are typically made of porous biodegradable materials that provide the mechanical support during repair and regeneration of damaged or diseased bone. Significant progress has been made towards scaffold materials for structural support, desired osteogenesis and angiogenesis abilities. Thanks for innovative scaffolds fabrication technologies, bioresorbable scaffolds with controlled porosity and tailored properties are possible today. Despite the presence of different bone scaffold fabrication methods, pore size, shape and interconnectivity have not yet been fully controlled in most of the methods. Moreover, scaffolds with tailored porosity for specific defects are still difficult to manufacture. Nevertheless, such scaffolds can be designed and fabricated using three dimensional (3D) printing approaches. 3D printing technology, as an advanced tissue scaffold fabrication method, offers the opportunity to produce complex geometries with distinct advantages. The technology has been used for the production of various types of bodily constructs such as blood vessels, vascular networks, bones, cartilages, exoskeletons, eyeglasses, cell cultures, tissues, organs and novel drug delivery devices. This review focuses on 3D printed scaffolds and their application in bone repair and regeneration. In addition, different classes of biomaterials commonly employed for the fabrication of 3D nano scaffolds for bone tissue engineering application so far are briefly discussed.

Design, evaluation, and optimization of 3D printed truss scaffolds for bone tissue engineering

One of tissue engineering's main goals is to fabricate three-dimensional (3D) scaffolds with interconnected pores to reconstruct and regenerate damaged or deformed tissues and organs. In this regard, 3D printing is a promising technique for the fabrication of tissue scaffolds, which can precisely make predetermined and complicated architectures. This study aims to investigate and optimize the physical, mechanical, and biological properties of 3D truss architecture tissue scaffolds with different pore geometries. The mechanical properties of poly (methyl methacrylate) scaffolds are analysed experimentally and numerically. Furthermore, the mechanical and physical properties of scaffolds are optimized with response surface methodology (RSM), and cell adhesion of the 3D truss scaffold studies. Results demonstrate that mechanical properties of the simple and gradient scaffolds have different mechanical behaviors that are strongly correlated with pore size and their architectures, rather than merely the values of the porosity. It is also observed that the RSM technique can enable designers to enhance mechanical and physical properties of scaffolds at low cost. Moreover, the results of biological behaviour can endorse the reliability of 3D truss architecture in bone tissue engineering.

The State of Starch/Hydroxyapatite Composite Scaffold in Bone Tissue Engineering with Consideration for Dielectric Measurement as an Alternative Characterization Technique.

Hydroxyapatite (HA) has been widely used as a scaffold in tissue engineering. HA possesses high mechanical stress and exhibits particularly excellent biocompatibility owing to its similarity to natural bone. Nonetheless, this ceramic scaffold has limited applications due to its apparent brittleness. Therefore, this had presented some difficulties when shaping implants out of HA and for sustaining a high mechanical load. Fortunately, these drawbacks can be improved by combining HA with other biomaterials. Starch was heavily considered for biomedical device applications in favor of its low cost, wide availability, and biocompatibility properties that complement HA. This review provides an insight into starch/HA composites used in the fabrication of bone tissue scaffolds and numerous factors that influence the scaffold properties. Moreover, an alternative characterization of scaffolds via dielectric and free space measurement as a potential contactless and nondestructive measurement method is also highlighted.

High throughput direct 3D bioprinting in multiwell plates

Advances in three dimensional (3D) bioprinting have enabled the fabrication of sophisticated 3D tissue scaffolds for biological and medical applications, where high speed, high throughput production in well plates is a critical need. Here, we present an integrated 3D bioprinting platform based on microscale continuous optical printing, capable of high throughput in situ rapid fabrication of complex 3D biomedical samples in multiwell plate formats for subsequent culture and analysis. Our high throughput 3D bioprinter (HT-3DP) was used to showcase constructs of varying spatial geometries of biomimetic significance, tunable mechanical properties, as well as reproducibility. Live hepatocellular carcinoma 3D tissue scaffolds were fabricated in situ in multiwell plates, after which a functional drug response assay against the chemotherapy drug doxorubicin was performed. Dual cell-type populations involving both live hepatocellular carcinoma as well as human umbilical vein endothelial cells were also printed to demonstrate dual-tissue fabrication capability. This work demonstrates a significant advancement in that the production rate of 3D bioprinted tissue scaffolds with controllable spatial architectures and mechanical properties can now be done on a high throughput scale, enabling rapid generation of in vitro 3D tissue models within conventional multiwell cell culture plates for high throughput preclinical drug screening and disease modeling.

Design and fabrication of bone tissue scaffolds based on PCL/PHBV containing hydroxyapatite nanoparticles: dual-leaching technique.

Scaffolds are the important part of the tissue-engineering field that are made from different biomaterials using various techniques. In this study, new scaffold based on polycaprolactone (PCL) and poly (hydroxybutyrate-co-hydroxyvalerate) (PHBV) containing hydroxyapatite nanopraticles (n-HA) were fabricated using the dual-leaching technique (DLT). Morphology, porosity, degradation rate, Fourier transfer infrared ray (FTIR) spectra, surface, and mechanical properties as well as capacity of cell binding and cell proliferation on the constructed scaffolds were evaluated. FTIR analysis showed that n-HA particles have some interest interactions with polymeric chains. The best 3D-structure was seen in PCL70PHBV30 scaffold using the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and its structure improved in the presence of 3, 5 wt% of n-HA. Results of energy dispersive x-ray analysis (EDXA, map of Ca) showed that the nanoparticles have the uniform distribution within the fabricated scaffolds. Porosity analysis showed that the particulate salt leaching technique is a successful approach to building a 3D structure. Increasing of PHBV content and n-HA up to 3 and 5 wt% in the PCL matrix led to increase porosity in all samples. Mechanical properties analysis showed that values of compression modulus and strength are decreased with addition of PHBV and HA nanoparticles. These results were directly in line with the results of morphology and porosity. Cell culture experiments demonstrated that the PCL/PHBV/nHA nanocomposite scaffold has a better tendency of proliferation to cells than that of the pure PCL/PHBV scaffold. All of these results suggest promising potentials of the developed PCL/PHBV/nHA scaffolds in this study desire for bone tissue engineering.

Fabrication of porous scaffold by ternary combination of chitosan, gelatin, and calcium phosphate for tissue engineering

Recently, 3D porous scaffolds using naturally derived polymers, i.e. chitosan (CHN), gelatin (GLN), and their blends have attracted attentions for tissue engineering applications. Research on the use of polymers and ceramic composites has been performed to improve biocompatibility of tissue scaffolds. However, calcium phosphate (CaP) coating on CHN/GLN blend scaffolds has not been well studied. In this study, we fabricated CHN/GLN films and scaffolds at various CHN/GLN blending ratios (100/0, 75:25, 50/50, 25/75, and 0/100) and established optimal CaP coating method on CHN/GLN blends. Increase in GLN content promoted both surface hydrophilicity and Ca/P ratio. The prepared CHN/GLN scaffolds displayed highly porous architecture with elastic nature. The effect of increase in GLN content on osteoblast proliferation was evident but no significant impact on alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity. When the CHN/GLN scaffold was coated with CaP film, ALP activity was dramatically improved, and the 75/25 scaffold showed the highest ALP level among all CHN/GLN scaffolds. The present study demonstrated that the combination of CHN, GLN, and CaP coating can generate synergistic effects on the improvement of bioactivity of CHN/GLN scaffold and can be further used for the fabrication of hard tissue scaffolds.

The Role of Photochemical Reactions in the Development of Advanced Soft Materials for Biomedical Applications

AbstractIn the biomedical field, many innovative materials to improve diagnosis and treatment of diseases are currently being developed. The ability to respond to different stimuli is one of the more interesting properties of such materials. Light, as one of the nature's elementary stimuli, offers an attractive and flexible stimulus for controlling the properties and functions of biomedical‐related materials. As such, photoresponsive systems have been increasingly pursued and finding applications in various biomedical settings, ranging from tissue engineering for the fabrication of bespoke tissue scaffolds to drug delivery, aims at manipulating treatment distribution inside the human body. Efforts have also been devoted to the development of highly efficient methods to control biological activity and bring us closer to mimicking impressive biological actuators. In this progress report, an overview of recent developments in the field is provided and current challenges discussed. Key strategies tailored to address specific issues are examined, offering useful perspectives for future designs.

The influence of amorphous macrodiol, diisocyanate type and l-ascorbic acid modifier on chemical structure, morphology and degradation behavior of polyurethanes for tissue scaffolds fabrication

Studies described in this work were related to the bulk synthesis and characterization of polyurethanes (PURs) obtained with the use of cyclic 4,4′-methylene bis(cyclohexyl isocyanate) (HMDI) or linear 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), amorphous α,ω-dihydroxy(ethylene-butylene adipate) macrodiol (PEBA), 1,4-butandiol (BDO) chain extender and dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTDL) catalyst. Obtained PURs were modified with l-ascorbic acid (AA). Raw materials and modifier improving biocompatybility were carefully selected due to the planned use of obtained PURs as a tissue scaffold fabrication material. Performed chemical structure studies (FTIR, ATR-IR, 2D NMR), morphology observations (SEM, TEM and AFM) and characterization of degradation profile revealed that PURs obtained by using HDI were representing a significantly better characteristic than those obtained by using HMDI. Thus, the HDI-based PURs were suggested for further development as a materials useful for tissue scaffolds fabrication in the field of tissue engineering.

3D printed drug delivery and testing systems - a passing fad or the future?

The US Food and Drug Administration approval of the first 3D printed tablet in 2015 has ignited growing interest in 3D printing, or additive manufacturing (AM), for drug delivery and testing systems. Beyond just a novel method for rapid prototyping, AM provides key advantages over traditional manufacturing of drug delivery and testing systems. These includes the ability to fabricate complex geometries to achieve variable drug release kinetics; ease of personalising pharmacotherapy for patient and lowering the cost for fabricating personalised dosages. Furthermore, AM allows fabrication of complex and micron-sized tissue scaffolds and models for drug testing systems that closely resemble in vivo conditions. However, there are several limitations such as regulatory concerns that may impede the progression to market. Here, we provide an overview of the advantages of AM drug delivery and testing, as compared to traditional manufacturing techniques. Also, we discuss the key challenges and future directions for AM enabled pharmaceutical applications.

Adhesion and growth of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells on precise-geometry 3D organic-inorganic composite scaffolds for bone repair.

Engineering biomaterial scaffolds that promote attachment and growth of mesenchymal stem cells in three dimensions is a crucial parameter for successful bone tissue engineering. Towards this direction, a lot of research effort has focused recently into the development of three-dimensional porous scaffolds, aiming to elicit positive cellular behavior. However, the fabrication of three-dimensional tissue scaffolds with a precise geometry and complex micro- and nano-features, supporting cell in-growth remains a challenge. In this study we report on a positive cellular response of human bone marrow-derived (BM) mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) onto hybrid material scaffolds consisting of methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, zirconium propoxide, and 2-(dimethylamino)ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA). First, we use Direct fs Laser Writing, a 3D scaffolding technology to fabricate the complex structures. Subsequently, we investigate the morphology, viability and proliferation of BM-MSCs onto the hybrid scaffolds and examine the cellular response from different donors. Finally, we explore the effect of the materials' chemical composition on cell proliferation, employing three different material surfaces: (i) a hybrid consisting of methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, zirconium propoxide and 50mol% DMAEMA, (ii) a hybrid material comprising methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane and zirconium propoxide, and (iii) a purely organic polyDMAEMA. Our results show a strong adhesion of BM-MSCs onto the hybrid material containing 50% DMAEMA from the first 2h after seeding, and up to several days, and a proliferation increase after 14 and 21days, similar to the polystyrene control, independent of cell donor. These findings support the potential use of our proposed cell-material combination in bone tissue engineering.

Fabrication and Characterization of 45S5 Bioglass&lt;sup&gt;®&lt;/sup&gt; Composite Scaffolds

There are many challenges in designing and fabrication of synthetic tissue scaffold for osteochondral tissue engineering. A promising scaffolding material such as 45S5 Bioglass® has been extensively considered to construct scaffolds for this purpose. The 45S5 Bioglass® scaffold was fabricated using foam replication technique. The polyurethane foam was immersed in slurry of 45S5 Bioglass® and poly vinyl alcohol (PVA). The obtained green body was exposed for 1 hour at room temperature before oven dried at 60°C for 24 hours. The 45S5 Bioglass® composite scaffold was prepared by sintering the green body at 1050 °C for 2 hours, followed by dipping in PDLLA solution and dried at room temperature for 12 hours. Characterisations of the above scaffold were carried out using Extended Pressure Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM), Universal Tensile Machine (UTM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The SEM micrographs revealed the porous structure of the scaffold. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) spectrum showed the presence of Na2Ca2Si3O9 and (Na2Ca4(PO4)2SiO4 phases in the sintered scaffold. The result showed that the 45S5® Bioglass scaffold has compressive strength of 0.40 MPa with porosity of 88%. Bioactivity assessment in Simulated Body Fluid (SBF) for 7, 14 and 28 hours gave the formation of apatite layer on the scaffold.

Fabrication of thermoplastic polyurethane tissue engineering scaffold by combining microcellular injection molding and particle leaching

Abstract

An Alternative Electrospinning Approach With Varying Electric Field for 2-D-Aligned Nanofibers

In the electrospinning process, unstructured nanofiber mats are produced by oriented fluid jets with an external electrostatic field. Electrospun fibers have wide applications for the fabrication of composite materials, tissue scaffold, and membranes. However, electrospun fiber production systems have many problems, e.g., the bending instability due to the complicated oscillations of polymer jet. In this research, parallel plate and hollow cylindrical conducting electrodes are implemented through the jet trajectory in order to investigate the possibility of controlled deposition of polymer fibers. Parallel electrodes with proper driving sources can generate the steering field for the nanofiber formation at the collector plate based on analog addressing electronics. It was shown that the modulated electric field applied through the parallel plate electrodes notably increased the deposition of the electrospun polymer fibers in a controlled fashion at the collector, which is coherent to the computer simulations. Furthermore, the finite-length hollow cylinder dampened the bending instabilities of the polymer jet which decreases the characteristic spot size of the deposited electrospun fiber to a smaller diameter.